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iS3A.M^.3

■V ■[ 1 1906

f^arbarli College l^ibrars

FROM THE GIFT OF

ALEXANDER COCHRANE

OF BOSTON

FOR BOOKS ON SCOTLAND AND
SCOTTISH LITERATURE

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No. 29.

Price One Shilling

THE

July

Scottish "Antiquar

Northern Notes and Queries

Published Quarterly

EDITED BY

The Rev. A. W. CORNELIUS HALLEN, m.a.

F,S.A. SCOT., CONC. SCOT. HIS. SOC, F. HUGT. S.

)

VOL. VIII.

Sold by the following Booksellers :
EDINBURGH, .

LONDON, .
ABERDEEN,
DUNDEE, .
GLASGOW, .

G, P. Johnston, George Street

Richard Cameron, South St. David Street

Elliot Stock, Paternoster Row, E.G.

J. Rae Smith, Union Street

G. Petrie, Nethergate

Hugh Hopkins, Renfield Street ^ ,

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MDCCCXCIII* O

TRANSCRIPT OF THE

REGISTERS OF ^T. BOTOLPH,

BISHOPSGATE, LONDON.

Vol. L (now ready /or binding). Contents : —

Transcript (597 pages), i. Marriages, 1558-1753 (i ^350
entries). 2. Baptisms, 1558-1628 (8850 entries).
3. Burials, 1558-1628 (19,000 entries).

Index (225 pages of 3 columns small type).

Vol. II. {noiv ready for binding). Contents: —

Transcript (632 pages). Burials 1629-1752 (63,190
entries).

Index (206 pages of 3 columns smaH type).

Vol. III. Contents: —

Transcript (368 pages) already issued to subscribers.

Containing Baptisms, 1629-1690 {18,400 entries).

Index — In the press, will be issued in one part as soon
as possible.

NOTE.— Hiese three volumes contain 1597 pages of transcript (many being
of double columns), and give ix,35o Marriages, 27,250 Baptisms, and 82,190
Burials, a grand total of 120,790 entries, making the publication the most
important work of the description which has been issued for some years.

The total cost of the three volumes is ;^4, unbound in twenty parts. A
limited number only has been printed ; names of subscribers should be forwarded
at once, as the work is sure to become scarce and dear.

Subscriptions should be sent to T. W. HILL, Esq., Rectory House,
Devonshire Square, Bishopsgate, E, ; or to the Editor, The Rev. A. W.
CORNELIUS H ALLEN, Parsonage, Alloa, N.B.

Increased to 48 PageSy tvith Illustrations, Price is,
THE SCOTTISH ANTIQUARY; or, NORTHERN NOTES

AND QUERIES. A Magazine of Archteology, Etymology, Folklore, Genealogy,
Heraldry, etc. Edited by the Rev. A. W. Cornelius Hallen, M.A,, F.S.A.
Scot., Mem. Coun. Scot. Hist. Soc. Issued Quarterly. Annual Subscription
(payable in advance), 4s.

Hold by the following Booksellers :-^'EAiix\mr^, G. P. JOHNSTON, George Street,
Richard Cameron, South St. David Street. London, Elliot Stock, Paternoster
Row, E.C, Aberdeen, J. Rae Smith, Union Street. Dundee, G. Petrie,
Nethergate. Glasgow, Hugh Hopkins, Renfield Street.

Complete sets of Vols. I. and H. (combined) are out of print. A few odd numbers
can be supplied. For price apply to Editor. Early orders should be given for Vols.
III., IV., v., VI., and VII., as fresh subscribers are continually asking for back
numbers.

All Letters and Subscribers' Names to be sent to the Editor, the Rev. A. W.
Cornelius Hallen, Parsonage, Alloa.

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THE

Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes ^ Queries

EDITED BY

The Rev. A. W. CORNELIUS HALLEN, m.a.

F.S.A. Scot., Conc. Scot. Hist. Soc, F. Hugt. S.

ESTABLISHED 1886

VOL. VIII.
IV/TIf INDEX

EDINBURGH

Printed by T. and A. CONSTABLE, Printers to Her Majesty

at the University Press

MDCCCXCIV

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'^^

The Scottish Antiquary * is issued in Quarterly Parts,
IS. esuch ; Annual Subscription, 4s.

SOLD By THE FOLLOWING BOOKSELLERS:—

Edinburgh, G. P. Johnston, George Street.

„ Richard Cameron, South St. David Street.

London, Elliot Stock, Paternoster Row, E.C.

Aberdeen, J. Rae Smith, Union Street.

Dundee, G. Petrie, Nethergate.

Glasgow, . Hugh Hopkins, Renfield Street.

All Letters and Subscriber^ Names to be sent to the Editor^
The Rev, A. W. Cornelius Hallen, Parsonage^ Alloa.

SFp in nis

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE

Cradle of James VI., 2

Communion Tokens, 19

The Groat Tombstone, 52

Old Chest, 79

Torphichen Refuge Stones (7 Plates), 103- 108

Palaeolithic Weapons (2 Plates), 149,150

Tombstone from Dundee, 161

Fordoun Tombstone, 165

John Knox's Watch, x68

Drummond's Watch, 169

Old Dunkeld Seal, 171

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The Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes and Queries

CONTENTS.

Notes.

PACK

Queries.

PAGB

504. Cradleof James VI.,. .

CCXXXII. George Douglas. . .

505. CampbdlofArdchatlan,

CCXXXIII. Bothwell Bridge, .

506. Foreigners made Denizens,

CCXXXIV. Cochranes of Shillings-

507. Archibald, Earl of Douglas,

worth,

508. Presentation to a Chaplaincy

.1525

. 14

CCXXXV. Bulloch Family, .

509. Glassmakers,

CCXXXVI. John Tod, .

510. Irving of Bonshaw,

CCXXXVII. Drysdale, . . .

511. Pleasures of Genealogy,

CCXXXVIII. Gordons of Glenbucket,

5Z3. Communion Tokens, .

CCXXXIX. Makgill. Adamson,

513. William Murray, .

Forbes, Orme, .

514. Stewart of Stenton,

CCXL. Archdeaconry of Lothian ,

515. Removal of Scotsmen from

Eng

CCXLI. Maitland, .

land by Cromwell, .

CCXLII. James Ross of Balneil,

516. Janet Barclay,

CCXLIII. Colonels Douglas and

517. Gretna Green,

Lockhart's Regiments,

518. Old Marriage Contracts,

519. The Colquhouns and Boyds,

Replies.

Sao. St. Monans or St. Monance,

XCI. Bennett Family, .

521. Orkney Folk-lore.

CCXXV. Baillie of Lamington, .

522. Ross Family,

CCXXVII. Abbot of Melrose,

523. Old Stirling Register, .

524. Bleaching Greens,

Notices of Books, .

Note. — The Editor does not hold himself responsible for the opinions

or statements of Contributors.

All Communications to be sent to the Editor of * The Scottish Antiquary^

The Parsonage, Alloa.

504. Cradle of James vl — Though the infant who occupied this
narrow cot did not in after life prove a man of any very extraordinary
capacity for ruling himself or others, the kingdoms of Scotland and
England regarded him with peculiar interest, and had good reason to
pray that he might be spared to hand over to his offspring the honours he
had received from his ancestors. Mary, the Queen of Scotland, had no
other child, neither had she brothers or sisters. The heir to the Scottish
throne was doubtless a descendant of Mary, daughter of James 11., who
had married Lord Hamilton. But her son James, Earl of Arran, had
three wives, and both the descendants of his first and third marriage claimed
to represent the Princess Mary — both claimants, Stewart, Lord Ochiltree,

VOL. VIII.— NO. XXIX. A

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Tht Scottish Antiquary ;

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or. Northern Notes and Queries. 3

and James HamiltOD, Earl of Arran were powerful, and a war of succession
would probably have disturbed the coun^.

Elizabeth of England was unmarried. Her nearest heir was Mary
Queen of Scotland, granddaughter of Margaret, daughter of Henry vii. ;
next came Arabella Stewart, Margaret's great-granddaughter by a second
marriage, and after her Katherine Gray, granddaughter of Mary Tudor,
Margaret's younger sister. Katherine was wife of John Seymour, Earl of
Hertford, and the Seymours would have without doubt resisted the claims of
Arabella Stewart, so in England also a war of succession was almost certain.
The babe in the cradle was heir to the Crowns of Scotland and of England,
and thus both countries had good reason to pray that his life might be
spared. The tender thread was not broken, and amongst his descendants
are to be found the monarchs, not only of Great Britain, but of all the
European States. His descendants in the male line are extinct, but in the
female line they abound. The cradle itself, as will be seen, is plain and
simple. Had it not a history few save lovers of old furniture would give it
a place of honour, but the history it possesses is unique in the history of
nations, and its authenticity is assured by the fact that when removed from
his mother's care the royal infant was brought up by the wife of the Earl of
Mar, the hereditary captain of Stirling Castle. Annabella Murray, Countess
of Mar, brought up her royal charge at Alloa House and at Stirling Castle,
and the cradle has been preserved at Alloa by the Earls of Mar, her de-
scendants, together with a child's chair, seated in which we can picture to
ourselves the infant Scottish Solomon receiving his first lessons from his
pedagogue, George Buchanan, while Gilbert Primrose, from the neighbour-
ing royal burgh of Culross, looked after his health, and saw that he took
his physia The collateral descendant of the * French Doctor,' as he was
called, is now a Minister of State to the Queen of Scotland and of England
(Great Britain), the descendant of the babe in the cradle at Alloa.

[Through the kindness of the Earl of Mar and Kellie we are able to
give a good photoglypt of this interesting old cradle. — Ed.]

505. Campbell of Ardchattan. — Before giving a genealogical
account of this family, it may be well to describe briefly the Monastery
of Ardchattan, of which they were for several generations styled Priors.
It* is briefly mentioned in an appendix to Keith's Scottish Bishops, A
fuller account is contained in some notes written apparently about the
close of the last century, now amongst the Ardchattan family archives.
The name of the writer is not given; it may be a copy from some
published account, with which, however, we are not acquainted. The
paper may interest our readers, and we give it in extenso : —

* T?ie Priory of Ardchattan. — ^The ancient name of the Parish in
which the Priory is situated was Balliveodan, and the remains of the
original Church are still very perfect on the hill at the back of the Priory.
It is supposed to have been founded in the 6th century, and it certainly
has every appearance of great antiquity. The tradition is that a horrid
murder was committed in it during divine service, and that in consequence
it was desecrated by the Pope. It is still used as a burial-ground, and a
few years ago, in making a grave, a quantity of silver coins of Edward I.
were dug up, and are in the possession of the Laird. There are many
ancient tombstones, but totally illegible.

'In 1219, Malvoisin, Bishop of St. Andrews, having introduced into

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4 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Scotland the Monks of Valombre or Valliscaulium in Burgundy, the
Priory of Ardchattan was built for this order in 1220 by Duncan MacCoul,
ancestor of the MacDougals of Lorn, and it was united with the Abbey of
Icolmkill to the Bishopric of the Isles. All the records of the Priory
having been burnt, little or nothing is known of its history till the time of
Alexander Campbell, the last Prior, who was appwnted in 1580, when it
appears to have been fast falling into decay as a monastic establishment,
for a lease of the teinds given in 1598 is subscribed by Alexander Prior,
etc. etc, " who has afiixed his own seal and the common seal of the chapter
of the Monastery, in place and supplement of the said convent and con-
ventual brethren, who are all departed this mortal life " (Family Papers).
In 1602 the Monastery was dissolved, and granted to the said Alexander
Campbell and his heirs by royal charter as a free temporal tenantry. In
1654 a party of English soldiers under Captain Mutlo, Governor of Dun-
stajffnage Castle, burnt and plundered the Priory, and the present dwelling-
house is principally formed out of the old Hall of the Priory, and there is
still among the family papers an attested copy from the records of the
Scottish Parliament, of a grant of 8000 merks as a compensation for the
loss sustained. The Church, however, was still used as a place of worship
till about 1730, when it was dismantled and the present Church built;
since then it has rapidly gone to decay, and it is to be lamented that some
effectual means are not taken to preserve the few remains that exist.

'From the many alterations that have taken place to adapt the buildings
to modern uses, it is difficult for any but an antiquarian to give the
slightest idea of the original size or shape of the Monastery ; all that now
can be made out is as follows : — On the west side a handsome door, of
piure Saxon architecture, leads into a space of about 70 feet by 16,
probably the cloisters, on the right hand of which is the burial-place of the
Barcaldine family, on the left that of Lochnell, the extinct family of
Inverstrefan, etc. ;,none of the monuments are remarkable. From thence
you proceed by a Saxon arch, through a very massive double wall, into the
centre aisle of the Church, 70 feet by 30. At the upper end on the right,
in this wall, is a handsome and well-preserved Saxon arch, subdivided by
three Gothic arches on each side, one containing a flat stone tablet, and
the centre one a carved stone hollowed out, apparently to hold holy
water j opposite that is a very curious monument, an account and print
of which has been published. The translation of the inscription on it is as
follows: — "Here lie MacDougal and Duncan, also Dougal their successor,
the first two of whom descended from the same father and mother, but
Dougal, who erected this monument, was by a former union. He died in the
year 1502." The top of the stone is most elaborately carved, but being, as
most of the monuments are, of a soft blue slate, it is fast mouldering from
the effects of the weather. In the centre of the Church are some very old
stones, one of which bears an inscription still legible by persons conver-
sant in these matters ; another has the full-length figure of a Prior in his
robes in it, in good preservation. There are other monuments (ap-
parently the most ancient), of a hard whin-stone, but having no inscriptions.
In the middle of the left wall, an arch leads into a sort of side aisle about
50 feet by 14, containing a quantity of old tombstones ; to the right of the
body of the Church is a chapel used as the burial-place of the Ardchattan
family. In the present dwelling-house is a curious recess with a groined
roof, called the Prior's Closet. It may be added that, according to tradition.

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Balliveodan, the old name of the Parish, meant the town of Bede ; and in
the neighbourhood is a large stone called Surveodan or Bede Seat, and it
is generally believed by the inhabitants that the Venerable Bede was a
constant visitor to these parts. Ardchattan, the Point or Height of
Chattan, so called from a son of the Bishop of Wemys of that name who
was superior of the Priory : it is uncertain when this name first obtained.
Within memory the old inhabitants still called it Balliveodan. A
more credible tradition is that Meodan, the St. Modan of the Catholic
Calendar, who was a Scotchman, is the person who gave his name to
the place ; the Gaelic construction of language would in the genitive case
make it Mheodan, pronounced Veodan. Robert Bruce held a parliament
here.'

We will now proceed to consider the history of the family which took
their title from the Priory of Ardchattan. In the general scramble which
took place in the i6th century for Church property, it was not likely that
the Campbells would fail to get a prize. John Campbell, younger son of
Sir John Campbell, first of Calder, was Prior of Ardchattan from about
1552 to 1580. He was styled *Electiis Sodoren," and though John
Carswell was titular Bishop of the Isles (Sodoren), in 1566 John Campbell
was certainly Bishop from about June 1572 to 1596. Bishop Keith does
not mention this fact, which, however, Cosmo Innes makes sufficiently
clear {Origines Parochiales Scotios^ vol. ii. pt. i. p. 150; see also Reg.
Friv. Con!), Bishop John Campbell resigned the Priory of Ardchattan in
1580 to his son Alexander, who was at the time Parson of Kilninver,
though a layman. Of John Campbell, * Electus Sodoren,' Keith remarks,
" He dilapidated most part of the benefice in favour of his relations."

In preparing the following pedigree of the family of Ardchattan, we
have made full use of a large number of original legal documents preserved
at Ardchattan, and in no case has any statement been made which is not
fully proved by these papers. To give them in extenso would be cumber-
some; suffice it to say that they set forth in clear legal language the
relationship which existed between the parties signing or witnessing them.
The pedigree, therefore, can claim to be proved in every stage by sufficient
evidence drawn from official and contemporary sources.

Sir John Campbell, third son of Archibald, second Eiarl of Argyle,
married, circa 15 10, Muriel, heiress of Calder. He had issue —

1. Archibald, who was ancestor of the Earls of Cawdor.

2. John, Bishop of the Isles, who had issue Alexatider : see below.

I. Alexander Campbell, son of John, Bishop of the Isles, obtained,
as we have shown, the valuable Priory of Ardchattan, and, though a layman,
assumed the title of Prior, and at least on one occasion used the con-
ventual seal as well as that of his family arms. When he married his
wife Catherine M*Donald is not known, but in the Register of Baptisms ot
Stirling is the following entry, dated Aug. 7, 1589: * Johnne Campbell
[son of] Alex'- Campbell, priour of Ardchattan [and] Ele*- Aissone [Wit-
nesses], Ro*- Craigengelt of y*' Ilk, Mr. Richard Wry* Min', Mr. Alex'- Jull.'
Against this entry and some others is written * fors,' which may stand for
'foreigners,' i,e, non-parishioners, or * fornicators.' It, however, seems
improbable that two ministers and a landed proprietor should have acted
as witnesses had the child been illegitimate ; and it may be further noted
that in some instances the word 'Adulterers' is written in full. This

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John, however, even if legitimate, did not survive, for John, the second
prior, is styled the son of Catherine McDonald, wife of Alexander, whom
she survived twelve years. The marriage must have taken place before
1599. Alexander died 1628, leaving issue —

1. John, who succeeded.

2. Archibald, who had the lands of Leraigs ; he is styled brother to

'John, prior of Ardchattan,' and had several children —

a. John; ^. Alexander; c. Duncan, who married, 1664,
Annabel Campbell ; and d. Margaret, who was dead
before 1670.

3. Duncan.

4. James, alive 1640, had a son John, alive 1678.

5. Mr. William, alive 1640.

II. John Campbell of Ardchattan, married, Dec 1624, Jonet, daughter
of Alexander Campbell of Lochnell ; he was dead before 1679, leaving
issue —

1. Archibald, who succeeded.

2. John.

3. Duncan of Culnadallock, married Florence Campbell (alive

1 721), and had issue —

a. Donald, d. John, who married Beatrix Campbell, by
whom he had three children, viz. : (i) Donald ; (2)
Isobel; (3) Margaret, c. Archibald, married (1721)
Jean, daughter of John Campbell of Ardchattan, his
cousin; she married, secondly, John Campbell of
Ballygown. In 172 1 the line of Duncan Campbell
was extinct.

4. James, alive 1687, married . .*.? and had issue a son, Colin,

who in 1 721 became heir of Culnadallock on the failure of the
line of Duncan.

5. Mr. Alexander (alive 1665), married . . . ? and had issue — a.

Archibald, alive 1687, married Isobel Campbell; d. John,
alive 1685.

6. Colin, alive 1665.

III. Archibald Campbell of Ardchattan, married Jean Campbell of
Edinample; she married, secondly (1687), John Campbell, uncle to the
Laird of Lochnell. The date of Archibald's death is not known ; he left
issue —

1. John, who succeeded.

2. Duncan.

3. Alexander.

4. James.

IV. John Campbell of Ardchattan in 1679; he was alive 1708. He
married, 1680, Susannah, daughter of Sir John Campbell of Glenurchy, by
his wife, Dame Christian Muschett ; they had issue —

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1. Archibald, *Fiar' of Ardchattan 1679, who died vitci fatris,

2. Charles, who succeeded.

3. James.

4. Alexander, alive 1715.

5. Colin.

6. Jean, who, as above stated, married her cousin, Archibald

Campbell.

7. Elizabeth.

8. Catherine.

9. Christian.

V. Charles Campbell of Ardchattan, styled *the Younger,' 1715, was
alive 1752 ; he married, 1719, Anne Campbell, of the family of Barcaldine,
and left issue, but only the name of the eldest son has been discovered,
viz. : —

VI. Partick Campbell of Ardchattan, who died 30th June 1801, having
married, 1753, Lillias Macfarlane, who died 18th March 1783; they had
issue —

1. Robert, who succeeded.

2. Alexander, who succeeded Robert.

3. Anne, who married Andrew Clarke of Comrie, and had issue —

Robert Clarke of Comrie, who married Isabella, daughter and
sole heiress of Robert Wellwood and Mary, daughter of Sir
George Preston, Bart. ; they had issue--(a) Andrew Clarke, who
sold Comrie, and died 5,p. ; {p) William, who succeeded to the
estate of Valleyfield, and took the name of Preston ; he was in
holy orders in the Church of England ; he died, having married
Charity Piggott, by whom he had issue —

i. Robert Campbell Preston, now of Valleyfield and Ard-
chattan, to which estate he succeeded on the death of
his cousin, Mrs. Popham, and also assumed the
name of Campbell,
ii. Arthur Clarke Preston, and four daughters.

4. Mary Elizabeth, born 1769, died 1828.

VII. Robert Campbell of Ardchattan, registered his family arms in the
Lyon Office, with remainder to the heirs-male of Patrick Campbell, 6th
Laird ; he died without issue, and was succeeded by his next brother.

VI I I. Alexander Campbell of Ardchattan had a grant of addition
to his supporters to himself and the heirs-male of his body, 26th
January 1808. He married Jane Meux, only child of Edward Meux
Worsley of Gatcombe, Isle of Wight, Esq., by whom he had issue —

1. Alexander Glynn, who succeeded.

2. Ann, who succeeded her brother.

IX. Alexander Glynn Campbell of Ardchattan, died unmarried in
Italy, 5th Nov. 1836, and was succeeded by his sister,

X. Anne Campbell, who married Popham, R.N. ; she died
without issue 18 , when she was succeeded by her cousin,

XI. Robert Campbell Preston, the great-great-grandson of Patrick

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8 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Campbell, sixth Laird. Mr. Campbell Preston was born 1865, and was
educated at Eton.

Mr. Campbell Preston has not yet applied to the Lyon Office for a
grant of arms.

The following arms were matriculated by Mr. Robert Campbell,
seventh Laird of Ardchattan, with remainder to the heirs-male of his
father : — Quarterly, ist and 4th, gyronny of eight or and sa, for Campbell ;
2nd, or^ a stag's head caboshed sa, for Calder ; 3rd, arg,^ sl galley, sails
furled and oars in action, flags and pendants flying, sa, for Lorn ; the whole
within a bordure^. charged with eight crescents arg. Crest — A swan with
wings elevated arg, on the head an Eastern crown or. Supporters — On the
dexter side a stag regardant sa,, attired ^«., with a ducal crown or; on the
sinister side a lion gardant^^., gorged with a mural crown or, — MoUo — * Be
mindfulL'

MB, — Mr. Campbell Preston of Ardchattan and Valleyfield is the
representative of the families of Clarke of Comrie, Wellwood, Campbell of
Ardchattan, and Preston of Valleyfield.

The arms of Clarke of Comrie have not been matriculated.

The arms of Wellwood are arg.^ out of a well gu, an oak-tree growing
vert.

The arms of Preston of Valleyfield are arg,, three unicorns' heads erased
sa,y within a bordure az,

506. Foreigners made Dei^izens. — ^William Page, Esq., F.S.A.,
has just edited for the Huguenot Society a list of * Denizations and
Naturalizations of Aliens in England, 1 509-1 603,' containing the names of
close upon 7000 foreigners who became naturalised Englishmen during
the 1 6th century — of these the greater number were French and Flemings
— there were, however, many Scotsmen. Froude (vol. iv.) states that a
number of Scottish people who had accepted the doctrines of the reformed
religion fled to England after Patrick Hamilton suffered death at St.
Andrews in 1528. We give below a full list of all the acts of denization
in favour of Scotsmen contained in Mr. Page's work, feeling sure that it
will interest our readers.

The laws relating to foreigners were much stricter in England than in
Scotland. Though foreigners were allowed to settle in the country and
pursue their calling, their names were carefully enrolled, they laboured
under certain disabilities and remained 'aliens' even after many years
of residence in England. Of the tens of thousands who arrived during the
1 6th century from Flanders and France, the 7000 who became denizens
formed a very small proportion. The thousands of foreigners in England
who married and left issue have had an effect on the national character
which has only of late years been recognised. In Scotland there was a
demand for foreign skilled labour, and the Kings of the Stewart family
welcomed all artisans, who required no special denization ; no lists of their
names were made, they settled in the land as freely as they would in this
19th century. We find plenty of Flemish names in the lowland burghs,
ports, and champaign country, just the same names as in England are
known by the official lists to be Flemish. We have no reason for doubt-
ing that, had it been necessary for them to have taken out patents of
Denization here, as in England, a number as great proportionally to
the general population would be found, while as in England many

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thousands would have remained content with tlie protection they received,
knowing that their children at least would possess the right of citizenship.
It has been the custom of Scottish writers to make much of the connection
between Scotland and France. The political aspect of it we will not here
discuss. The industrial and social connection was very slight in com-
parison with the constant and important intercourse which existed between
Scotland and Flanders or Holland, and if English Denizations are to guide
us we shall find that the French only amount to a third of the whole,
although they include a crowd of over 1800 refugees who fled for their
lives in one year. The French refugees were emigrants by necessity not
by choice. The Flemings were in many cases refugees, but besides such
there were those who came to push their way in the world. The Flemings
or Dutch have always been good colonists, the French scarcely ever. A
consideration of the whole subject will, we believe, convince the careful
student that just as at present Scottish blood is to be found in most
English families, so Flemish blood is as abundant in Scotland as it cer-
tainly is in England. Such works as this of Mr. Page's enable us to
analyse the composition of our present population, and dispel false ideas
founded on a ridiculous but very prevalent exclusiveness. We are English
or Scots by habitation, long or short as the case may be, by breeding to
some extent but not in every case, as Tennyson sings —

* Saxon or Dane or Norman we,
Teuton or Celt, or whatever we be. *

We can be loyal Britishers all the better for our mixed descent from
Robert Bruce, William Wallace, King Arthur, William the Conqueror,
King Pepin, Charlemagne, William of Nassau, et complures alios.

List of Scotsmen extractej) from Mr. Page's Volume.

Abber, Denys, aged 49 years, fisherman, born in Scotland. Married to an

English woman, has one child. In England 38 years. Suitor for

Letters of Denization, 1542. {Cecil MSS., No. 279.)
Abercromy, James, clerk, from Scotland. loth Feb. 1567. (Pat, 9

Eliz., p. 3, ra. 39.)
Abercromy, Walter, from Scotland. 2 2d Jan. 1522. {Fat 13 Hen. 8, p.

3, m. 19.)
Adams, John, from Scotland. i8th Oct. 1522. {Pat 14 Hen. 8, p. i,

m. 22.)
Aderstone, William, tailor, from Scotland. 4th May 1571. {Pat 13

Eliz., p. 2, m. 30.)
Adinston, Michael, from Scotland, ist May 1573. {Pat 15 Eliz., p.

12, m. 30.)
Alderdayes, Walter, from Scotland. 12th Nov. 1565. {Pat 7 Eliz., p.

8., m. 15.)
Allett, William, from Scotland. 12th Dec. 1571. {Pat 14 Eliz., p. 8,

m. 3.)
Anderson, David, from Scotland. 9th Aug, 1583. {Pat 25 Ehz., p. 14,

m. 17.)
Anderson, John, bom in Lowdian in the Diocese of Glasgow. In

England 21 years. Married to an Englishwoman, ist July 1544.

( Westm. Deniz. Roll, 36 Hen. 8.)

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Anderson, Thomas, from Scotland. Married to an alien woman. In

England 14 years. 14th April 1541. (jDemz. Roll^ 32 Hen. 8.)
Andreson, alias Handreson, Thomas, from Scotland. 12th Mar. 15 16.

{Pat. 7 Hen. 8, p. 3, m. 22.)
Annand, Gilbert, clerk, from Scotland, 26th August 1567. {Pat, 9

Eliz., p. 3, m. 40.)
Armestrong, Alexander, Scotchman, 3rd Feb. 1558. {Pat, 4 and 5 Phil.

and Mary, p. 1 1, m. 35.)
Bardie, Anna, wife of Michael Canne, from Scotland. 28th Oct. 1583.

{Pat, 25, Eliz., p. 14, m. 17.)
Bassantyne, James, from Scotland, 3rd June 1562. {Pat, 4 Eliz.» p. 11,

m. 9.)
Bastian, Henry, surgeon, from Scotland 21st Oct 1564. {Pat, 6 Eliz.,

p. II, m. 19.
Bawden, John, carpenter, from Scotland. 4th Dec. 1539. {Pat, 31

Hen. 8, p. 2, m. 34.).
Bayne, Hector, from the diocese of St. Andrew's in Scotland. 27th Feb.

1535. {Pat. 26, Hen. 8, p. 2, m. 42.)
Beake, Davy, fisherman, born in Scotland, aged 38 years. In England

19 years. Married to an Englishwoman and has 3 children. Suitor

for Letters of Deniz. 1542. {Cecil MSS,^ No. 279.)
Benefice, George, * fischer, Scott, havynge wyff and children Englysshe.'

1 8th April 1542. {Pat, 33 Hen. 8, p. 9, m. 44.) George Benefice,

fisherman, aged 40 years. In England 2 1 years, has five children.

Suitor for Letter of Deniz. 1542. {Cecil MSS.y No. 297.)
Blair, James, from Scotland, nth June 1582. {Pat. 24 Eliz., p. 9, m. 24.)
Blare, Patrick, from Scotland. 2nd Oct. 1570. {Pat, 12 Eliz., p. 4, m.

34.)

Borne, Thomas, * Scottysshman, havynge a wyfF and children Englyshe.'
1 8th April 1542. {Pat, 33 Hen. 8, p. 9, m. 44.)

Bourne, William, born in Scotland, ' hathe remayned studient within the
universitie of Cambridge and other parts of this realme 16 years,
desireth to be made denyson.' ist July 1544. ( Westm, Deniz, Roll^
36 Hen. 8.) nth July 1544. {Deniz, Roll, 36 Hen. 8.)

Brande, John, from Scotland. 24th Nov. 1565. {Pat. 8 Eliz., p. 6. m.

36.)
Brekenrig, John, from Scotland 30th May 1524. {Pat, 16 Hen. 8, p.

I, m. 39.)
Broune, Thomas, from Scotland. 30th May 1565. {Pat, 7 Eliz., p. 18,

m. 14.)
Browne, Thomas, from Scotland. 8th May 1566. {Pat, 8 Eliz., p. 6, m.

35-)
Brusse, Patrick, from Scotland. 5th Oct. 1562. (Pat, 4 Eliz., p. 11, m.

9-)

Burton, John, from Scotland. i8th Dec. 1572. {Pat, 15 Eliz., p. 12, m.
27.)

Cabrithe, David, a Scotchman, and Cristian, his wife, with the Lord
Admiral. Thomas, George, John, William, Thomas {sic), Adam,
Margaret alias Bekes, and Margaret {sic) a young child, their children
all Scotish born, ist July 1544. ( IVestm, Deniz, Roll, 36 Hen 8.)

Cae, Andrew, from Scotland. 14th April 1570. {Pat. 12 Eliz., p. 4, m.
33)

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Christie, John, from Scotland. 20th June 1575. {Pat 17 Eliz., p. 4,

m. 25.)
Clarke, John, from Scotland, having an English wife. In England 20

years. 14th April 1541. (Deniz, Roily 32 Hen. 8.)
Cockeboume, John, Lord of Ormeston, and Alisen, his wife, with Alex-
ander, John, Barbara and Sibiila, their children, from Scotland.

1 2th May 1552- {Pat 6 Edw. 6, p. 5, m. 25.)
Copelande, Peter, fisherman, born in Scotland, aged 54 years. Married

to an Englishwoman by whom he has 3 children. In England

26 years. Suitor for Letter of Deniz. 1542. {Cedl MSS.^ No. 279.)
Corwood, Humphrey, from Scotland. loth May 1586. {Pat 28 Eliz.,

p. I, m. 36.)
Couldwell, James, clerk, from Scotland, i8th Oct. 1566. {Pat 8 Eliz.,

p. 6, m. 35.)
Crale, Robert, * Scott, and hath a wyfF and children Englysshe.' i8th

April 1542. {Pat. 33 Hen. 8, p. 9, m. 44.)
Crayford, David, from Scotland. 1565-6. {Pat 8 Eliz., p. 6, m. 35.)
Cristoferson, John, doctor of medicine, from Scotland. 29th Jan. 15 13.

{Pat 4 Hen. 8, p. 2, m. 30.)
Cundalle, John, of London, Salter from Scotland. 7th March 15 15.

{Pat 6 Hen. 8, p. 2, m. 24.)
Damelston [? Danielston], Alexander, from Scotland. 13th Feb. 1574.

{Pat 16 Eliz., p. 13, m. 7.)
Daniell, John, from Scotland. In England 17 years. 14th April 1541.

{Z>eniz. Poll, 32 Hen. 8.)
Davyd, George, from Scotland. In England 13 years. 14th April 1541.

{£>eniz. Poll, 32 Hen. 8.)
Davyson, alias Greme, George, from Scotland. 12th July 1586. {Pat

28 Eliz., p. I, m. 36.)
Dixsonn, Peter, from Scotland. 6th Nov. 1576. {Pat 18 Eliz., p. 7, m.

45-)
Donaltson, Alexander, from Scotland, 21st May 1590. {Pat 32 Eliz.,

p. 4, m. 36.)
Douglas, Patrick, from Scotland. loth Nov. 1565. {Pat 7 Eliz., p. 8,

m. 15.)
Duglas, William, from Scotland. 7tb Feb. 1564. {Pat 6 Eliz., p. ii, m.

19.)
Dury, John, from Scotland. 6th June 1562. {Pat 4 Eliz., p. 11, m. i.)
Edger, Andrew, from Scotland. 29th May 1583. {Pat 25 Eliz., p. 14,

m. 17.)
Faram, Thomas, from Scotland. 7th Jan. 1573. {Pat 15 Eliz., p. 12,

m. 27.)
Fender, Thomas, from Scotland. 21st May 1590. {Pat 32 Eliz., p. 4,

m. 36.)
Flemyn, William, from Scotland. 4th June 1576. {Pat 18 Eliz., p. 7,

m. 43.)
Forgyson, Andrew, from Scotland. 13th Oct. 1573. {Pat 15 Eliz., p.

12, m. 39,)
Frebaryn, Patrick, born in Scotland. 17th Jan. 1548. (Pat 2 Edw. 6,

p. 3, m. 26.)
Frude, George, from Scotland. 30th Nov. 1574. {Pat 17 Eliz., p. 4,

m. 3.)

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12 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Gorden, Katherine, from Scotland. 25th April 1510. {^CaL S. P, Hen.
8, vol. I. No. 1033.) Widow of Perkin Warbeck, received grant of
lands from Hen. 8, provided she remained in England, afterwards
married Mathew Cradok, and received licence to dwell in Wales in
1517. (Cat, S. P, Hen. 8, vol. 2.)

Gotherye, William, from Scotland. 8th Dec. 1567. (Pat, 10 Eliz., p. 5,

m- 33-)
Gray, John, from Scotland. 27th Oct. 1539. (Pat, 31 Hen. 8, p. 6,

m. 36.)
Gruye, David, of Tweedmouth in the County of Northamp (sic\

carpenter and shipwright. Born in Scotland. Dwelt in England 48

years. Married to an English woman, i child. Served in the wars.

(Note in Margin * My Lord Derham suythe for him.') 1542. (Cecil

MSS., No. 279.)
Gryme, James, from Scotland. Married. In England 12 years. 14th

April 1541. (Deniz, Poll, 32 Hen. 8.)
Hacatt, Andrew, from Scotland. 23rd Dec. 1584. (Pat. 27 Eliz., p. 16,

m. I.)
Harryson, John, from Scotland. 23rd Sept 1558. (Pat, 5 and 6 Phil.

and Mary, p. 4, m. 23.)
Haryson, Alexander, chaplain, from Scotland. T9th Oct. 1520. (Pat, 12

Hen. 8, p. 2, m. 19.)
Hawle, John, from Scotland, 14th July 1584. (Pat, 26 Eliz., p. 10,

m. 43.)
Hay, William, from Scotland, 24th Nov. 1578. (Pat, 21 Eliz., p. 7,

m. 26.)
Hayes, Thomas, from Scotland. 22nd Oct. 1562. (Pat, 4 Eliz., p. 1 r, m. i.)
Higge, Luke, Scotchman, Johan his wife, and John, Cristian, Margaret,

and Effame, his children, ist July 1544. (Westm. Deniz. Roll^ 36

Hen. 8.)
Hoode, James, from Scotland. 5th Jan. 1573. (Pat. 15 Eliz., p. 12,

m. 27.)
Howye, John, of the parish of Bamburgh in county of Northumberland,

jackmaker from Scotland. 6th June 1544. (Pat. 36 Hen. 8, p. 7,

m. 10.)
Hume, Alexander, from Scotland. 21st Jan. 1590. (Pat. 32 Eliz., p. 4,

m. 35-)
Inessa, Arthur, from Scotland. 6th May 1568. (Pat. 10 Eliz., p. 5,

m. 33-)
Inglishe, Archibald, from Scotland. 4th May 1563. (Pat. 5 Eliz., p. i,

m. 37.)
Irlande, George, from Scotland. 8th June 1566. (Pat. 8 Eliz., p. 6,

m. 37-)
Irland, Thomas, from Scotland. 23rd Jan. 1574. (Pat. 16 Eliz., p. 13,

m. 7.)
Jakson, Jenet, widow, born in Scotland. Has dwelt in Northumberland

47 years, and has 8 children by an Englishman, ist July 1544.

( Westm. Deniz, Roll, 36 Hen. 8.)
Johnson, Thomas, from Scotland. 23rd Sept. 1539. (Pat. 31 Hen. 8,

p. 4, m. 41.)
Johnson, Thomas, from Scotland. 23rd Oct. 1539. (Pat. 31 Hen. 8,

p. 6, m. 36.)

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Knokes, Peter, from Scotland. a6th June 1579. (Pat. 21 Eliz., p. 7,

m. 26.)
Kyle, Walter, from Scotland 6th Nov. 1564. {Pat 6 Eliz., p. ti,

m. 19.)
Kynard, Robert, surgeon, from Scotland. loth Sept. 1526. (jCal. S. P.,

Hen. 8, vol. 4, No. 2540.)
Loggyn, William, Scotchman, Margaret his wife, Elizabeth his daughter.

I St July 1544. ( IVestm. Deniz, Roll^ 36 Hen. 8.)
Logye, 'Magister Robertus* Scotchman, ist July 1544. {Westm, Deniz,

Polly 36 Hen. 8.) Robert Logye, clerk, nth July 1544. {Deniz,

Poll, 36 Hen. 8.)
Lowgye, James, from Scotland. 23rd Oct. 1568. {Pat, 10 Eliz., p. 5,

m. 33-)
Lynox, Mathew, Earl of. 6th July 1544. {Pat 36 Hen. 8, p. 20, m. 20.)
Makealpyn, John, from Scotland. 7th April 1537. {Pat 28 Hen. 8,

p. 5, m. 13.)
Maknelus, John, from Scotland. 1524. {Cat & P., Hen. 8, vol. 4,

No. 297.) Licence to John Mankellys, a Scotch tailor, to take two

journeymen being aliens besides the two allowed by Act 14-15

Hen. 8. ist April 1528. {I^id, No. 4231.)
Mamvell, John, clerk, from Scotland. 2nd April 1573. {Pat 15 Eliz.,

p. 12, m. 30.)
Marshall, James, from Scotland, married. In England 10 years, 14th

April 1541. {Deniz, Poll, 32 Hen. 8.)
Martyn, Peter, 'cobler,' from Scotland, 27th April 1571. {Pat 13 Eliz.,

p. 2, m. 30.)
Mathewe, Peter, of Kenton, in the county of Suffolk, shoemaker, aged 56

years, born in Scotland. In England 50 years. Married to an

English woman. Has had 3 children, one now alive. Suitor for

letters of Deniz. 1542. {Cea'l MSS., No. 279.)
Matison, Davy, fisherman, born in Scotland, aged 41 years. Dwelt in

England 1 7 years. Married to an English woman by whom he has

4 children. Suitor for letters of Deniz. 1542. {Cea'l MSS., No.

279.)
Mawcombe, John, from Scotland, having an English wife. In England

12 years. 14th April 1541. {Deniz, Poll, 32 Hea 8.)
Meldrum, Thomas, from Scotland, 26th Jan. 1579. {Pat 21 Eliz., p. 7,

m; 27.)
Michelson, Andrew from Scotland. 26th March 15 18. {Pat 9 Hen. 8,

p. 2, m. 23.)
Myller, Hugh, from Scotland, 19th Nov. 157 1. {Pat 14 Eliz., p. 8,

m. 3.)
Moncrif, James, from Scotland. 31st May 1582. {Pat 24 Eliz., p. 9,

m. 24.)
Morison, John, from Scotland. 31st Dec. 1583. (Pat 26 Eliz., p. 12,

m. 39.)
Morris, John, a miller born in Scotland. In England 30 years, ist July

1544. ( Westm, Deniz, Roll, 36 Hen. 8.)
Morrys, John, from Scotland. 27th Nov. 1570. {Pat, 13 Eliz., p. 2,

m. 30.)
Mumphaine, William, from Scotland. 6th June 1590. {Pat 32 Eliz.,

p. 4, m. 36.)

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14 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Myne, Nicholas, from Scotland, having an English wife. In England
IS years. 14th April 1541. {Deniz. Roll^ 32 Hen. 8.)

Mytchell, James, from Scotland. 17th Dec. 1582. {Pat 25 Eliz., p. 14,
m. 17.)

Mytchell, William, from St. Johnstons in Scotland. 9th Feb. 1576.
{PaU 18 Eliz., p. 7, m. 43.)

507. Archibald, Earl of Douglas, — Note 503 (vol. vii. p. 187) of
The Scottish Antiquary disputes the correctness of the statement that
Archibald the Grim, third Earl Douglas, was the illegitimate son of the
good Sir James. It is not quite impossible that the writer may be correct
in denying this, but he is certainly mistaken in stating that Earl Archibald
was the son of William, first Earl of Douglas, by Lady Margaret Dunbar.

Earl William succeeded as Lord of Douglas in 1357, and married
Margaret, who became Countess of Mar in her own right Their son
James, who fell at Otterburn, was born the following year. Now, Black
Archibald fought at Poitiers in 1356, two years before Earl James was
born. If he were the son of Earl William, why was he passed over in
favour of a much younger brother ?

The Countess of Douglas and Mar survived her husband and her son,
and married a second time.

Archibald must therefore have been an illegitimate son in any case,
and it is not likely that Earl William was old enough to have a son who
fought by his side in 1356. He himself was apparently a young man
when he slew his godfather, the Knight of Liddesdale, in 1352.

Sir William Eraser, in The Douglas Book, states that the Douglas lands
were * entailed, probably by the Good Sir James ' (after his own son) * on
his nephew William (the first Earl), and by special grant to Sir William
Douglas of Liddesdale, and after him on Archibald the Grim,' a very
natural arrangement, in those days when illegitimacy was little regarded,
on failure of the more legal heirs. George, Earl of Angus, was not merely
illegitimate, but the son of Earl William by the widow of his brother-in-
law, Thomas, Earl of Mar. She was Countess of Angus in her own right,
and without any scruple she states in her charters that her son George is
' the son of the late William, Earl of Douglas and Mar.* Earl William's
lawful wife and widow was still living. George's mother resigned the
earldom of Angus in her son's favour in 1389, and married him to Mary,
daughter of Robert iii. C. M.

508. Presentation to a Chaplaincy, a.d. 1525. — The following
deed is, I think, of interest fi-om its connection with St. Giles' Collegiate
Church of Edinburgh, and as illustrating a little-known fact that the
Heralds, as such, were possessed of Church patronage : —

* Personaliter accesserunt honorabiles viri, viz. ; — Petrus Thomsoun
alias Hay. Willelmus Brown alias Albany. Johannes Dicksoun alias Ross
heraldi pro se et nomine aliorum heraldorum Regni Scotiae necnon Jacobus
Johnestoun claviger pro se et nomine aliorum clavigerorum dicti Regni ad
altare Beati Blasii marthiris infra ecclesiam CoUegiatam Beati Egidii de
Edinburgh situatam. Et ibidem dicti ofliciarii tanquam veri et indubitati
patroni cujusdem capellanie per quondam Dnum. Willelmum Brown
Rectorem de Mouswald, apud dictum altare fundatae, nunc vacantis per
decessum quondam Dni, Gilberti Fischer ultimi capellam et possessors

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ejusdem unanimo consensu et assensu realem actualem et corpoialem pos-
sessionem provisionem et institutionem totius et integre prefate capellanie
cum universis et singulis terris annuis redditibus firmis oblationibus juribus
divariis et justis suis pertinenciis quibuscunque per calicis libri et oma-
mentorum hujus altaris deliberationis discreto viro Dno. Thome Richert-
soun capellano ac consanguino ipsius quondam Dni. Willelmi dsrante
toto tempore vite sue tradiderunt concesserunt et deliberaverunt'

J. G. W. J.

509. Glassmakkrs (voL vii. p. 145). — In the very interesting article on
Glassmaking in Scotland in the last number of T?u Scottish Antiquary^ it
is stated, p. 155, that 'We may note that beer, at least under this name,
was previously [to 1 663] unknown in Scotland, the word in use being ale.*
Now this would hardly seem to be the case, for you may remember that
Alexander Hume, the Poet-Minister of Logie, near Stirling, who died in
1609, referred to it by that name in his Day Esiwail, published, with his
other poems, by the Bannatyne Club in 1832, when he describes the
labourers taking shelter and refreshment in the height of the mid-day sun,
and says that

' Sume plucks the honie plowm and peare,

The cherrie and the pesche,
Sume likes the rime and London beare
The body to refresh.'

That would point to, at least, London beer, nominatim^ being in
common use in his time, say probably a century before 1663. But what
was London beer ? J. L. A.

• William Brotherstaines, servitor to Alexander Angeley, Clerk to the
Glass Manufactory' — apparently in Leith. The date is aist November
1699.

I have a book-plate of Nicholas Tyzack, Esq., surgeon, having the
Tyzack arms as given in the Scottish Antiquary^ save that the billets are
az. The ball in the crest rests in what appears to be a chain-shot fess-
ways. Motto, *Nec bello major et armis.' The book-plate of Edward
Tyzack has flames issuing from the fire-ball ; the motto is, * Le Seignuer
Gardemavie.' * Mag.'

510. Irving of Bonshaw. — ^The following portion of a pedigree has
been sent us as showing the connection between the Irvings of Bonshaw
and the Grahams of Mossknow, both in the county of Dumfries. The
pedigree has been compiled principally from original sources by Mr.
James Ronaldson Lyell, i Carlung Place, Edinburgh.

I. Christopher Irving of Bonshaw. On 19th of May 1544 he had an
acquittance from his feudal superior, John Johnston of that ilk, of all
wards, non-entries, etc. His son's retour in Stabiltoun states that he died
in 1555 ; his only known children were —

1. Edward Irving. (See below as No. II.)

2. Christopher Irving.

IL Edward Irving of Bonshaw, served heir-special to his father
Christopher (No. I.) in Stabiltoun on 5th August 1605 — the lands having
been fifty years in non-entry. As head pf the Irving sept, he appears to

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i6 The Scottish Antiqtuiry ;

have been a person of great importance on the Western Marches, and
hardly inferior in power to the Maxwells and Johnstons. On 20th July
1568 Knollys writes to Cecil : * A fight between Edward of the Bonshawe
and the Maxwells.' The retour of James Irving of Bonshaw, his great-
great-grandson, in the 3-pound land of Ecclefechan, gives his death in
Nov. 1605. The name of his wife is not known. He had the following
children : —

1. Christopher Irving. (See below as No. III. a.)

2. William Irving of Kirkconnell.

3. James Irving in Cleuchheads.

III.A. Christopher Irving (son of Edward No. II.), fiar of Bonshaw,
mentioned in the Privy Council Register 1564, 1569, and 1582. In 1564
John Johnston of that ilk is said to have * pressed ' to * ally ' his daughter
with him, but was forbidden by the Privy Council. He appears to have
predeceased his father. In 1582 he found caution to appear before the
king when required. He was styled *of the Cove.' It is not known
whom he married, but he had issue as follows : —

1. William Irving. (See below as III.b. of Bonshaw.)

2. George Irving in Cove, who on 26th Feb. 1631 has seizin of

Eastriggs in security of p^iooo Scots advanced by him to
WilHam, Earl of Drumlanrig.

3. David Irving of Mossknow, married Jean Murray; he died

Sept. 1659, leaving issue two daughters, viz. : —

a, Margaret Irving, married the Rev. William Graham,

M.A., of Mossknow; she died Aug. 1691 ; he died
in 1673, leaving issue —

i. William Graham, M.A., of Mossknow, who
married in 1682 Isobel Herries, daughter
to William Herries, M.A., of Hurthat (she
died 2oth March 1737). They had issue —
(i) David, who appears to have died sine
prole \ (2) Fergus Graham of Mossknow;
(3) Janet ; and (4) Ann.
ii. David Graham.

iii. Jean Graham, married in 1672 William
Irving of Bonshaw.

b, Blensch Irving, married Johnstone of Bridgemoor,

mentioned in her father's will, and had issue —

i. Rosina Johnston had a legacy under her
maternal grandfather's will.

III.B. William Irving (eldest son of Christopher, fiar of Bonshaw,
No. III.A.), married Margaret Kirkpatrick; he died between 13th June
1646 and 28th April 1655, having had issue —

1. William Irving. (See below as 'IV. a.)

2. Edward Irving.

3. Herbert Irving of Bonshaw, by purchase from his nephew James

Irving of Bonshaw ; married Margaret Alexander, daughter of
Mr. John Alexander, Parson of Hoddam. He died about
1 66 1, and had issue —

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a, William Irving of Bonshaw, by conveyance from his
father, dated 3rd May 1659, and sasine thereon
17th June following. He married in 1672 his cousin,
Jean Graham. (See III.a., 3, a. iii.).

4. John Irving, married Elizabeth Johnston, daughter to John

Johnston of Elshieshields ; contract dated 27th Oct. 1671 ; he
died before 8th Nov. 1707 ; his son was —

a. John Irving, who was retoured heir-general to his
father on 8th Nov. 1707.

5. Adam Irving.

6. Richard Irving.

7. Blensch Irving, married John Irving, son to Jeffrey Irving of

Brotts.

IV. A. William Irving, fiar of Bonshaw, married Janet Jardine, sister
to John Jardine of Applegarth ; contract dated 25th July 1631 ; pre-
deceased his father between 17th June 1633 and ist June 1637 ; his son
was —

IV. B. James Irving of Bonshaw; he had seizin of Bonshaw as heir to
his grandfather on 9th June 1655, and on 25th May 1655 he was served
heir-special to his great-great-grandfather in the 3-pound land of Eccle-
fechan. He sold Bonshaw to his uncle Herbert (see III.b., 3) in 1655.

J. R. L.

511. Pleasures of Genealogy. — Most people have a notion that
genealogy is very dry work, and it is difficult to convince them that they
are wrong because they refuse to make an experiment for themselves, nay,
will not take the trouble to give the matter more than a passing sneer.
We would, however, put a few facts before those who may not be too
conceited to note them, in the hope that prejudice may be shaken, if not
swept away. Genealogists find in their work very much to instruct and to
amuse, and there is also a piquant dash of uncertainty, and a probability
of strange surprises in a genealogical hunt. Fox-hunting would become
monotonous if the scent never failed ; but all the skill of the sportsman
is called forth when cunning reynard for a while eludes pursuit, and
enthusiasm is redoubled when the hounds are again laid on. So with the
genealogist ; up to a certain date he may work his pedigree out stage by
stage with ease, and then the clue disappears — traditions may suggest
lines of investigations, and they may prove delusive — but some accident
puts the clue once more into his hand, and the work is carried on with
increased enjoyment. What shape the accident may take who can fore-
see ? It may be a fragment of a tombstone, a chance dropping upon an
entry in a book or register when he was not even engaged on the matter.
It is indeed impossible to enumerate the strange and diverse ways in
which information is flashed out. Then, again, curious facts are rescued
from oblivion and throw light on old world ways and people. Names
now fallen out of use are met with, and the mind is set to work to explain
why names once popular are now unused, and why names now common
were in former days unpopular. The Christian name Thomas was very
rare till the slaughter of Thomas k Becket gave it a little favour. It may
be noted that no king ever bore that name. In Scotland Mary was

VOL. Vin. — NO. XXIX. B

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uncommon even when a Mary was on the throne. These are but two
instances — many more might be mentioned, but we prefer to leave them
to the reader to discover and rejoice over for himself. Another Hsage —
not common, it is true, but occasionally met with — was giving to two or
even more surviving children the same Christian name. Thus there were
two David Lindsays, brothers, each of whom was Lyon-King-of-Arms.^
John Leland, the antiquary, who died 1552, was one of three brothers
who bore the same Christian name and lived to man's estate. A family
of Clerk connected with Winchester affords a beautiful example of how
a genealogist might be exercised by similarity of names in compiling a
pedigree. 'William Clerk, the grandfather, had but two sons, both
Thomases; their wives both Amys, their heirs both Henrys, and the
heirs of Henry both Thomases, both of Oxford, both of the Temple,' —
but enough. {Her, and Gen,, Nov. 1866, p. 119.) Much perplexity has
been caused by the custom of giving the same Christian name generation
after generation to the eldest son, so that it is often hard to say whether
John the father, the son, or the grandson is being dealt with. English
and Scottish surnames are a study in themselves. Foreign names are also
an interesting and a distinct study — their changes when imported — their
strange mutilation. Mr. Lower has written effectively on names, and a
perusal of his book will not fail to give pleasure. Again, a knowledge of
the habitat of certain names will throw a light on the history of the
country. Why, for instance, old Norman names exist in Ireland and in
Scotland, why Scottish names preponderate in Ulster, why Flemish names
abound in certain parts of England and of Scotland also, and why many
strictly Border names are to be met with in Fifeshire. There is a reason
for all these things, and the genealogist can scarcely fail to discover the
true explanation. He may also learn much about the condition of trade,
the rise and growth of many industries, not of English origin. He will
meet with strange conditions of life, sudden rises to affluence and falls
to poverty. *The Romance of the Peerage ' does not stand alone; *The
Romance of the People ' awaits the skill and patience of the genealogist to
unearth it ; and every worker, while he gains knowledge of his own forbears,
does something to throw light on history and on the formation of the
nation. Ed.

512. Communion Tokens (vii. 178). — I have again much pleasure in
contributing sketches of a few more tokens. These (with the exception
of Lhanbride, Old Machar, and Crail) represent the Established Church
of Scotland. There appears to be just a little doubt as to the Circular
token ; it is generally accepted as belonging to the Episcopal Church of
Crail. The Episcopal minister in charge at Crail from *i73i to 1740'
was * Robert Lyon' He was succeeded early in * 1741 ' by *Robert Lindsay. .
It is a singular coincidence that the initials R. L. were the same for both
ministers. If not a Crail token, it may possibly belong to the Cathedral
Church of Brechin. The minister in charge there in 1672 was Rev.
Robert Lawrie, who afterwards was made Bishop.

This Crail token is an instance of the difficulty sometimes in the way
of correctly locating undated tokens.

If the subject of Communion tokens should be found at all interesting

1 We have also seen it stated that they were uncle and nephew, and should be glad to
know the true relationship. — Ed.

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20 The Scottish Afitiqiuiry ;

to the readers of the Scottish Antiquary^ I shall be very glad to again
contribute other sketches, including the Early Relief and Secession
Churches, dating from about the middle of last century, when the Rev.
Ebenezer Erskine and others founded the Associate Congregation.

J. H. Pratt.

513. William Murray, a Student. — A friend has lent us a small
Mss. volume 4J inches deep by 6 inches long, much damaged by fire,
which has been used as an Album Amicorum. The owner, as far as we can
make out, was ' Monsieur de la Guiche ' at Bourges, and was a professor
of the college there. The inscriptions vary, but the following is a fair
sample : — * En tesmoignage de TafTection que je porte k mon maistre Mr.
de la Guiche i'ay escrit cecy k Bourges, le 28. Novembre, Tan 1624. — Jean
Jaques Oschwaldt.' This inscription is surmounted by a shield a«., a
swan arg.j beaked gu.y mantled az,y lined arg, ; on a helmet, with a wreath of
the colours, a swan as in the arms. In some cases the arms have not been
given, but there are more than 50, many of them beautifully emblazoned.

On the second page is a shield az,, a chevron between three mullets arg,
mantled az,, lined arg. ; the helmet afrontee, with open vizar and gold bars, is
surmounted by a wreath of the colours, but no crest Beneath is written
in a fine clear hand,

Gulielmus Murravius Scotus.
There is no date. In other cases the dates vary from 1609 to 1628.

There are a few nicely engraved book-plates interspersed with hand-
painted arms— two are dated 16 13. Amongst the German inscriptions is
one dated 29th July 161 7, signed Jacob Stein. Ed.

<i4. Stewart of Stenton (vii. 103). — I should like to point out to
' L., in case it may have escaped his notice, in connection with his valuable
paper on * The Stewarts of Cardneys and Stenton ' (Scot. Anttg, January
1893), that although George Stewart, V. 9. Cardneys, had no doubt a
son Thomas, about the same period there existed also a member of the
Kinnaird family who, on the nth June 161 1, is mentioned as

Thomas Stewart, * filium legit. Willelmi Stewart de Kynnaird et Egidiam
Pennyaiicke ejus sponsam.'

This is from the Registrum Magni Stgitti {160(^1620)^ No. 1842.

In the same work we find that in 1604 the wife of ' the late ' George
Stewart of Avnetully, and mother of his eldest lawful son John, is named

* Jonet Robertsoun.'

* L.' names the wife of George Stewart (IV. a.), younger of Cardneys, as

* Catherine, daughter of Sir James Liddel of Halkertoun, Chamberlain of
Scotland.' I have seen her also described as 'Catherine, daughter of
David Liddell, oy to Robert Liddell of Paulathy.' L. C.

515. Removal of Scotsmen from England by Cromwell. — ^The
following may account for the presence of many English wives and
husbands of Scots folk in Edinburgh about 1650, as shown by the
Parochial Register : —

* 1650, Aug. — This month ther was ane edict sett foorth by the Parlia-
ment of England, discharging any of the Comon wealth of England to have
any commerce with the Scotish nation ; as also, all Scots people werre
commanded to remoue out of the kingdome of England before the i of

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Sept. imediatlie ensewing, vnder the paine of death, except such as was
naturalized, and such as had particular warrands from the Generall in the
armie to remaine.

* 1650, Sept. — D. Lawmonthe, with his two sonns, came home to this
kingdome, be reason of the forsaide edict of the parliament of Englande.
They returned ther about the end of Oct. 1651.' — Lamont's Diary, 2nd
ed. p. 23. *Mag.'

516. Janet Barclay (vol. vii. No. 82, p. 169). — The last number of
the Genealogist contained papers on this matter, but nothing has been
produced proving from official documents who was the father of Janet, the
wife of Sir Thomas Erskine ; her mother was without any doubt Christian,
the daughter of Helen of Mar. We should feel exceedingly obliged to
any of the readers of the Scottish Antiquary if they would give references to

\st. The earliest charter — if such indeed exists — or other document

in which Janet is styled Janet Keith,
2nd, Any early mention of her as the daughter of Keith, either Sir

Edward or any other of the name.
3n/. Any early mention of her as wife of a Barclay.
^th. Any early mention of her as being a widow when she married
Sir Thomas Erskine.
With all due deference to those who conjecture that she was a Keith and
not a Barclay on the father's side, I cannot receive late * peerage ' accounts
as evidence. Late writers were very likely to take the view that, because
her mother married a Keith, therefore Janet must have been the daughter
of that marriage. Until the pedigree was carefully examined during the
late peerage proceedings, no particular attention was paid to it, as it was
plausible and, as far as the female descent was concerned, correct. Recent
investigations have shown that Janet was, I believe without exception,
styled Barclay. Until her fabulous position as daughter of Keith and
widow of Barclay can be proved, is it too much to ask exact genealogists
to pause before they perpetuate a modern and untrustworthy pedigree,
which is now rendered more suspicious by the discovery that her name
was Barclay solely, and that, therefore, according to Scottish ancient custom,
she kept her father's name throughout her life ? The exceptions to the
custom are so rare, and so slightly supported by evidence, that they do
not shake my position, which, I maintain, is both probable and reasonable,
which is more than can be said of the * widow Barclay ' view, which is quite
modern, and utterly unsupported by any proof that I have heard of.

A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

517. Gretna Green. — The following cutting from an old issue of the
Scotsman has been sent us; we think it may prove interesting: — * This House
of Refuge for runaway couples from England was located at first in the village
of Gretna, or rather Graitney, situated on the Scottish side of the small river
Sark, which, at this point, forms the boundary between England and Scot-
land. It was established about 1 748 by a tobacconist of the name of
Joseph Paisley — a rough, outspoken, somewhat eccentric character — and
existed during a century. At the outset Paisley took up the " marriage
trade " merely as a " by-job," but it speedily became so prosperous that
he found he could make his living comfortably by it alone. He resided
at first on the common or "green," a short distance from the village of

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Gretna — hence the designation, "Gretna Green"; but in 1791 he removed
to the neighbouring village of Springfield, which thenceforward became
the scene of these clandestine marriage ceremonials. The notion that
Paisley was a blacksmith appears to have arisen from a figurative com-
parison of the ceremony to welding, a joining, a process well known in
the smithy. The lucrative nature of the trade soon brought rival practi-
tioners into the field, the first of whom Paisley bought off by conceding
to him the whole profits accruing from the marriages of pedestrian couples.
Other competitors, however, sprang up ; and Pennant, who visited Gretna
in 1771, states that at that time a fisherman, a joiner, and a blacksmith
carried on a brisk competition for public patronage, and performed the
marriage rite at a charge varying from two guineas to a glass of whisky.
" The price, however," he adds, " is generally adjusted by the information
of the postilions, who are in the pay of one or other of the above worthies ;
but even the drivers, in case of necessity, have been known to undertake
the sacerdotal office. The place is distinguished from afar by a small
plantation of firs, the Cyprian grove of the place, a sort of landmark for
fugitive lovers." "As I had a great desire," he adds, "to see the High
Priest, by stratagem I succeeded. He appeared in the form of a fisher-
man, a stout fellow in a blue coat, rolling round his solemn chops a quid
of tobacco of no common size. One of our party was supposed to come
to explore the coast; we questioned him about his price, which, after
eyeing us attentively, he left to our honour." At that time Pennant says
that, continuing his journey, he " passed by Rigg, a little hamlet, a sort of
chapel of ease to Gretna, in the runaway nuptials. The performer here is
an alehousekeeper." He probably intercepted those coming from Scot-
land, who might as well have gone through the form at their own doors.

* Paisley, after leading a long life of profanity and hard drinking, died
in 1 8 14 at a very advanced age, and was succeeded in his disreputable
trade by a person of the name of Elliot, who had married his grand-
daughter, and fell heir to his office in much the same way that some
individuals acquire the right to vend quack medicines. His chief rival
was David Lang, who had previously led a very adventurous life. He
was a native of Gretna, but in his youth he removed to Lancashire, where
he followed the trade of a pedlar. During the French War he was kid-
napped by a press-gang, and compelled to serve in the navy. The ship in
which he sailed was captained by the celebrated Paul Jones, and Lang
and the other sailors were made prisoners and carried into a French port.
He contrived, however, to make his escape, and in 1792 returned to his
native village. Setting up in the " wedding line " as a rival to Paisley,
he carried on a brisk and profitable trade for thirty-five years. He died
rather suddenly in 1827, in his seventy-second year, from the effects of a
severe cold, caught while attending the trial at Lancaster of Edward Wake-
field, who was sentenced to transportation for the abduction of Miss
Turner, a rich heiress, only fifteen years of age. The marriage was dis-
solved by Act of Parliament.

* David Lang was succeeded, apparently as a matter of course, by his
son Simon, who had been bred a weaver, but he varied his matrimonial
business by occasional smuggling transactions, which he carried on to the
close of his life, though latterly on a very limited scale. But the competi-
tion between Elliot and Lang was only a very short time favourable to
the interests of the runaway candidates for matrimony, for there speedily

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came to be not only a sort of understanding between the rival performers
of these irregular nuptial ceremonies, but a virtual combination also
among the assistants and concurrents which tended not a little to aug-
ment the expense of Gretna Green marriages. The late Mr. M*Diarmid,
who visited this celebrated place in 1824, says that at Springfield, in its
palmy days, there were two rival inns as well as two rival priests, and all
the guests of the one house were married by Lang, and all the guests of
the other by Elliot But the inn at which a runaway couple landed did
not depend upon their own choice, but entirely upon what inn they started
from at Carlisle. Even though they might wish to give a preference, and
issue positive orders on the subject, these orders were uniformly dis-
obeyed. The post-boys would only stop at one house, and that for the
best of all reasons, because the priest, knowing the value of their patronage,
went shares with them in the proceeds. In this way a virtual monopoly
existed, and, what is more strange still, not only the post-boy who drove a
couple, but his companions and the hangers-on of the inn-yard shared in
the profits of the day. The affair was viewed in the light of a windfall,
and the proceeds were placed in a sort of fee fund which was afterwards
divided in certain proportions among all the persons concerned. In the
golden days of Gretna 300 couples on an average were married there
annually, and half a guinea was the lowest fee ever charged. In several
cases ;^ioo was paid, and £^2fi ^^^ j£^^ ^^ ^^ot unfrequently exacted.
Mr. M'Diarmid mentions the case of a young English clergyman who,
having failed to procure his father's consent to his marriage, travelled with
all speed to Gretna for the purpose of being married without it. The fee
demanded was thirty guineas — a demand at which the clergyman naturally
demurred, stating at the same time that he had married many a couple,
and that his fee had never exceeded half a guinea. It turned out that the
clergyman had not so much money in his possession at the time, but
Elliot agreed to perform the ceremony on condition that ;^io should be
paid at once, and that a promissory note should be given for the balance.
The bill was regularly negotiated through a Carlisle banking-house, and as
regularly retired at the time appointed.

* It was evidently not known in England, though well known in Scot-
land, that a Gretna marriage merely amounted to an acknowledgment
before witnesses that the couple were man and wife, which might have
been made with equal validity before any Justice of the Peace in Scotland.
But in the estimation of the fair runaways from England, a religious cere-
mony of some kind was indispensable. In order to gratify this natural
feeling, the Gretna Green officials were in the habit of reading the impor-
tant parts of the English marriage service, along with a prayer or two, and
then to require the pair to join hands, and to sign the marriage register,
which was carefully kept. They were well aware that they were approach-
ing perilously near the verge of the law, and that by publicly assuming the
character of clergymen they would expose themselves to legal penalties.
They were therefore careful to frame the certificates which they granted in
such terms as to keep clear of the meshes of the law. The following is a
literal copy of one of these documents : " These are to certify to all whom

it may concern that and came before me and declared

themselves to be both single persons, and were lawfully married according
to the way of the Church of England, and agreeably to the laws of the
Kirk of Scotland. Given under my band at Springfield, near Greini

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24 The Scottish Antiquary :

Green, this day, etc., bet ore these witnesses." The marriage registers,

especially those kept by Elliot and the two Langs are interesting and
important documents ; and, as in the recent case of " Gardener versus the
Attorney-General," have been repeatedly tendered and received as evidence
in Courts of Law. They contain the names, not only of a large number
of the members of well-known public English families, but also of a
Bourbon Prince of Naples, Duke of Capua, and a Duke of Sforza Cesarini.
After the formation of the railway from England to Scotland the trade in
irregular marriages fell almost entirely into the hands of a person of the
name of Murray, who kept an inn close by the station on the south, or
English, side of the border, and was thus enabled to intercept runaway
couples before they reached Springfield, which is at some distance on the
line to Annan and Dumfries. The pawky publican was also the lessee of
a toll-house on the northern, or Scottish, bank of the Sark. On the
arrival at the railway station of a couple requiring his services, he immedi-
ately conveyed them across the river to the toll-house, in which he per-
formed the marriage ceremony, and then brought them back to their
lodgings in his inn.'

518. Old Marriage Contracts. — Dr. Cramond, Cullen, intimates to
us that he has in his possession two origina> marriage contracts which he
will be happy to give to any one that will prove to his satisfaction that
they are descended from the parties named in the contracts. The first is
of date x6ii — * Contract of mariage betwin Willianie Rwssell and Mareoun
Carrick.' William Russell was the second son of John Russell, indweller
in Leith. Marion Carrick was daughter of Elizabeth Mayne, relict of
George Carrick, Leith. The other is of date 1659 — 'Contract matri-
moniall Johne Grant of Achininche and Marie Gordone.' Mary Gordon
was the second daughter of George Gordon of Auchintoull. Ed.

519. The Colqumouns and Boyds (iii. 56, iv. 75, vii. 158). — * In the
testament, etc., of vmqle. Elizabeth Hammiltone, sister germane to Johne
Hammiltone of Grainge, besyde Kilmamok, quha deceist vpone the day
of Junij 161 1 yeiris. Confirmed January 8, 161 1, in debtis awand to
hir be vthers vccurs : — Item, be Allexander Cohjuhone of Lees [Lus ?]
executour to vmqle. Deame Margarit Colquhone, relict of vmqle Kobert
Lord Boyd, left in legacie be hir to the deid, the sowme of fourtie
punds.'

The above is from the extracts from Testaments annexed to the
Topographical Account of the District of Cunningham, Ayrshire, published
by the Maitland Club, and on the same page (p. 189) occurs the
testament testamenter of * Robert Boyde of Badinaith,' who is stated in
the note prefixed to it to have been the third son of the fourth Lord Boyd,
by Margaret, daughter and heiress of Sir John Colquhoun of Glins. This
does not appear to agree with the statement in the last paragraph on
p. 76, vol. iv. of Northern Notes and Queries^ that the eldest son of
Robert, 4th Lord Boyd, and Mariotte Colquhon was Robert, Master
of Boyd. J. McGregor.

520. St. Monans or St. Monance. — Some letters appeared in the
Scotsman in March last raising the question as to the proper spelling of
this name. The subject was taken up in the columns of The East of Fife

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Recordy and continued between March 24 and May 26. The chief advocate
of the form *Monance' is Mr. David Cook, a solicitor in the burgh.
We cannot find space for all the letters that appeared pro and con, Mr.
Cook pleads that *to change "St. Monance" into "St. Monans" would
be simply to destroy one of the proofs of the antiquity of the place.' To
this it was replied that the antiquity is shown by the fact that in honour of
St. Monan, a Scottish martyr, who died a.d. 874, the place became known,'
not only by the Gaelic name of Inverie, but by the more mediaeval name of
St Monan 's [town]. This was no unusual adoption of a saint's name — as
shown by St. Vigeans, St Ninians, St Fillans, besides a number of saints
whose names do not end in * an.' Sir Ralph Anstruther pointed out that
Blaeu's Map of 1645 shows *St Monans'; so does the Ordnance Survey
published in 1855. Mr. Cook allows that *the Latin equivalent' is ^ locus
Satuti Monaniy so that the question resolves itself into this — *Is Monance
the correct translation of Monani ? If so, why is not Niniance the trans-
lation of Niniani ? * etc. But Mr. Cook has another string to his bow. He
writes, * Prior to the incorporation of the town as a Burgh of Barony, it
was open to discuss what its name was. It had been written in different
forms, as has been stated. . . . That diversity should have been, and
virtually was, put an end to by the erection of the community into what
is called "a separate legal person," with a corporate name, having right in
that name to hold lands, to sue, and to be sued.'

Though Mr. Cook may assume that after incorporation diversity should
have ceased, he is certainly mistaken in saying that it did cease. Every
* separate legal person ' is the possessor of a name, but Mr. Cook must
be aware that until lately very great difference did exist as to the spelling
of it, even in legal documents. Mr. Cook's comparison of a charter of
incorporation with a patent of nobility is unfortunate — the latter does not
determine the spelling of the name, as we can see without crossing the
Border. Thus Baron Areskyne (1604) is now Erskine. The Earldom of
Athole is also spelt Atholl ; in connection with which the learned editor of
The Complete Peerage remarks, * The spelling of the Athole titles is given in
accordance with the rather variable orthography of the Register of the Great
Seal^ vol. i. p. 186 n.' This seems to be the most practical view to take.
Mr. Cook asks, * Is it good form to write the name either of a corporation or
an individual differently from the way in which they write it themselves ? '
As regards the individual, certainly not We would not for the world spell
Mr. Cook's name otherwise than he spells it; most certainly, however,
his forbears spelt theirs Cuik, and some of his relatives may, if they will,
spell it Cooke — suum cutque. But how does a corporation, though *a
separate legal person,' write its name ? If the town-clerk is the hand,
as, doubtless, he is* the brain, why may not he take as many liberties with
the corporate name as the holder of a peerage can apparently do with his
duly patented name ? As we are dealing with saintly matters, it may be
well to note that Lord Seymour not many years ago changed the spelling
of his name and title to St Maur without royal warrant for so doing. It
was held to be a mere variation of the names, as Aireskyne is of Erskine
and Belfrage is of Beveridge. Probably the inhabitants will in time settle
the matter in the way best pleasing to themselves ; our hope is that they
will in time let ' Monance ' fall into disuse, and call the town what the
majority of its admirers will probably continue to call it — St. Monans.

Ed.

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26 The Scottish Antiquary ;

521. Orkney Folk-Lore (vol. vii. p. 171). — Mr. W. Traill Dennison*s
Selkie Legends, p. 171 of the last number of the Scottish Antiquary^ are a
valuable contribution to Folk-lore, and show how ramified and common
to various districts many folk-lore stories are. That about the Selkie and
the Goodman of Wastness, for instance, has its counterpart in Sutherland
and in Ireland, both of which claim a legend and family practically
identical with that of the Orcades. — See Alexander }A2s^x2if^ Sketches of
Sutherland C^fltra^r/^rj, Edinburgh 1889, Article, *Sliochd-an-Rain '(Offspring
of the Seal) ; and Crofton-Croker's Traditions of the South of Ireland^
Swan Sonnenschein & Co., 1890, Article, *The Lady of GoUerus.'

J. L. A.

522. The Ross Family. —

APPENDIX H.

Will of James Ross, 1643. — May 20, 1642. I, James Ross,
one of the Pages in Ordinarie of His Majesty's bedchamber.

Eldest son, Will. Ross, Fellow of King's Coll., Cambridge, second
son, Thomas Rosse, executors. Property in ready money, goods, debts,
bonds, and obligations to the sum of ;^ 1600 circcu Inventory made on
date of Will, of furniture, plate, etc. * And whereas I now stand interested
and possessed of a tearme of 46 years to commence at Easter 1646 or
thereabouts in the demesne lands of the Manor of Grantham in Co.
Lincoln.' Due to him from His Majesty ;^'i4o upon several debentures
out of the great wardrobe * for my liverie for the year ending at Midsummer
next. To well- beloved wife, Jane Rosse, use and interest of ;^65o out of
the ;^i6oo for her life, and a third part in three parts to be divided of all
plate and household stuffs, and the use of the other two parts during
widowhood ; if she should marry, the two parts to go to children.' To
Will. Rosse, son, his term of years in the lands of the Manor of Grantham.
To Will, and Thos. ;£ioo. To Thomas the Constableshipp of the
Castle of Lancett, in Cornewall, for his life, according to a grant raad.e by
His Majesty. To daughter, Katherine Rosse ;^2oo. To Sara and
Bridgett, daughters, ;£i 00 each. To Margarett Rosse, * my grandchild,
;^5o. To said grandchild Margarett;^ 100, to be paid to her immediately
after the decease of my said wife, if she, my grandchild, shall be of the
age of 16 years, or married, but if under 16 and unmarried, then, that
she shall receive the use and interest until 16 or married, and then the
said ;^ioo to be paid her. To daughter Katherine ;^i5o more, to be
paid after death of wife. To my verie good friend, Rob. Lewis of Grey's
Inn in Co. Middlesex, Esq., 20 nobles for a ring. £^^ to poor of parish
in which I shall die.' Remainder to wife, three daughters, and two sons,
to be equally divided. * If anie doubts, controversie, or question shall
happen to arise about this my last will and testament between my said
children or any of them, to be determined and ordered by my noble,
worthy friend, Sir David Coningham, Knight and Barronett and Cofferer
to the Prince His Highness, and the said Rob. Lewis of Grey's Inn, who
are to be supervisors of my will. And I do further will that such order,
determination, explanation, judgement, which they shall make in writing
upon any matter concerning the said will, shall stand good in law.* Will
contained in seven sheets of paper, * fixed my seal 20th May, i8th year of
His Majesty's reign, 1642.'

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or^ Northern Notes and Queries. 27

* A memorial of this my will in the presence of Rob. Lewis, Will. Piers,
Thomas Mellersh, January 20th, 1642.' *A memorial of the last will
and testament of Mr. James Rosse, being weake and sicke in bodie, but
perfect in mind, doth confirm his former will and testament, abolishing no
one part of the same, except the leaving out of his sonne, Thomas Rosse
as being joyned with his elder brother. Will. Rosse, and in his place doth
constitute and ordain his cozen Robert Rosse and joyne with his sonne
Will. Rosse as executor. Will delivered in the presence of Mrs. Jane
Ross his spouse and Thomas Mellersh. Will proved by said William and
Robert Rosse, 1643, February.'

Will of Thomas Ross, Library Keeper to His Majesty. * To dearly
loved wife Mary, all goods, plate and jewels, and make her, with my worthy
deare friend, John Snell, Esq., of the Savoy, Executors. The arrears due
to me in the Exchequer, which amount to a thousand pounds more or
less ... be divided when recovered, one-third part to wife, the other
two-thirds to my mother and sisters. The money which I have in Sir (?)
Stephen Fox his ( ? bank), being ;£5oo upon bond, to be paid to my
mother and sisters, as likewise my house at Bramford to be sold to pay
unto them the remaining part of the debt for which they have judgment
upon me, and the surplus of the money to be divided, one-third to my
wife, the remainder between my mother and sisters, and I desire my said wife
that if she be duly paid the moiety of the profetts of the library by Mr.
Henry Thynne (who is to succeed me in that office) that she will pay
;£"3o per annum to my dear mother .as long as she shall live.' Signed and
sealed 30th September 1675, in the presence of Edmund Chazin. Will
proved by Maria Ross— -December 1675.

Will of Hugh Rosse of Ballamouchie in the Kingdom of Scotland,
Esq., now lying in Farmer's Lane, Westminster, parish of St. Margaret's.
He says, * I doe willingly and with a free hart render and give againe, unto
the hands of my Lord God and Creator, my spirit which of his fatherly
goodnes he gave unto me, when he first fashioned me in my mother's
wombe, making me a living and a reasonable creature, etc., etc' His body to
be buried in parish church of St. Margaret's, Westminster. He leaves 5s. to
the poor of the parish. To his good friend, John Fairely, los. * As to my
worldly estate, which consists of reversion of lands in Scotland, which is in
my brother's son's right and possession by wadset, and of grate sumes of
money owing me by the States of the Kingdoms of Scotland and England
for my service done toward the releife of the subjects of those kingdoms,
as by my several papers and actions intended by me for that office will
more clearely appeare, all which reall and personal estate, or any other
belonging unto me, I leave and bequeath unto my very lovinge sonne,
George Ross, whome by this testament I nominate, constitute and ordaine
to be my lawfull executor, beseeching God to bless him in the execution
thereof, and I will that David Rosse, Generall Major Robert Munro and
Dr. Alexander Rosse, that are nearest in blood to me of my father and
mother's side, shall aid and assist my said executor in the acquiringe of his
just right and possession, as well of my reall and personall estate, any law,
statute, writing or ... to the contrary notwithstanding.' Subscribed iQlh
June 1649, in presence of A. Forbes, John Forbes of ( — ?) * Lievtenen,' A.
Fairley, etc. Proved at London, 3rd July 1649. [Fairfax 107.]

May 4th, 1653. — Letters of administration with the will of Hugh
Ross, deceased, of goods unadministered by George Ross, since deceased,

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granted to said Robert Ross, nephew of the deceased Hugh, he being
sworne truly to administer.

*The seaven and twentieth of October 1654, by the judges for probate
ofwills, granting of administration . . . were granted letters of administration
to Katherine Ross, curatrix lawfully assigned to Margaret Ross, a minor
next of kyn to Hugh Ross, late of the cittie of Westminster, deceased, to
administer to the use during minority of said Margarett according to
the tenor of the will of said Hugh, all . . . goods and debts of said Hugh left
unadministered by George Ross, deceased, . . . executor of Hugh,
deceased, also by Robert Rosse, deceased, nephew and administrator ... to
the will of said Hugh, annexed of the goods of said Hugh unadministered
by said George, the said Katherine beiog sworne, etc. Administration
October 27th, 1654, George Ross. Letters of administration^issued to
Katherine Rosse, aunt and curatrix ... to Margaret Rosse, minor, next
of kyn of George Ross, late of the cittie of Westminster, deceased, to
administer the goods, etc., of said deceased to the use and during
minority of Margaret, she, Katherine, being first sworne duly to administer.'
Will of Robert Ross of Charter House, London. Executor, Master
Austen ; Master William Ross, Overseer. After all debts paid, residue to
be disponed to * my daughter towards the bringing of her up.'

Postscript to will — * I desire that my father s papers may be given to
Sir David Cunigom, and that he take care of the widow and children,
according to my father's will ; Sir David Cunigom do take up J[,^o of Sir
Henrie Newton of Charleton, and give it to my daughter Margrett at the
day of her marriage, or when she is sixteen years old, according to her
grandfather's desire in his last will.' Signed i6th September 1654.
Proved 27th October 1654. Administration granted to Katherine Ross,
aunt and curatrix to Margaret Ross, a minor, the natural and lawful
daughter of Robert Ross.

Will of Francis Ross, 4th August 1639, ^^ Hanley Castle, in Co.
Worcester, Gent. To be buried in chancel of Suckley Church. To poor of
parish Worcester 20s. *To John, the sonne of Margery Barrowe, late of
parish of Much Malvern, deceased, my reputed son, and to the heirs of his
body ... my dwelling house in Hanley Castle, called " Stokes Howse,"
with barns, stables, gardens, etc. etc., also other lands in Much Malvern.
For want of heirs to John Barrow, the above, to pass to James Rosse, eldest
son of John Ross, my brother, deceased, or his heirs, whom failing to John
Rosse, second son of said brother, and failing his heirs to the right heirs of
Francis Rosse for ever. To James Rosse, nephew, an estate in parish of
Suckley held for lease of 1000 years from Richard Clarke, gent, and Eliz.
his wife. Various legacies— To William Ross, sonne of my uncle Robert
^oss, ;^5; ... To Jane Ross, daughter of brother John, J[^\o \ To John
Ross, son of brother John, £yio\ To Anne, daughter of brother John,
;^io; To each of the children of Paule Ross of Gloucester, my uncle's
sonne, 20s. yearly ; William Wellington of Hanley Castle, supervisor of
my will, 40s. to the same. Signed in presence of William Wellington,
Will. Suffield, Sara Grant, James Ross, etc. Will proved by executors, i6th
February 1641.' [Executors, Francis Conway, or Cormay, of Suckley,
Yeoman, and Richard Stork, all of Much Malvern, Yeoman.]

Will of James Keith of St. George's the Martyr, Middlesex, Doctor in
Physic, infirm in body, etc. All household effects, etc., to two elder
children, Elizabeth and Peter, to be equally divided. To eldest daughter

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or^ N or t kern Notes and Queries, 29

Elizabeth, gold watch and jewels which belonged to her dear mother,
desiring said Elizabeth to give such of them to her sister Anne as she
should think proper ; To son Peter, silver watch and sword^ papers, books,
cases of instruments, boxes, microscopes, and other curiosities, study of
books, with all geographical maps, MSS., and pamphlets : some books in
Spanish, Polish, High and Low Dutch, to be sold, proceeds to go to son.
Should circumstances necessitate the money being required during the
infancy of said son, all other books, including even * my valuable collec-
tion of spiritual ones,' to be disposed of. Daughter Elizabeth sole
executrix ; Trustees, John Wood of Lincoln, Junr., Esq., Dr. James Knight,
Vicar of St. Sepulchre's, and Mr. Charles Maitland, Surgeon. To each
Tnistee a handsome mourning ring. Will dated 30th May 1726.
Proved in London ... by Elizabeth Keith.

Will of Katherine Ross of Ratcliffe, County Leicester, proved in
London, 1678. — Leaves property to daughter Katherine Whistoune and
grandchildren Samuel and Job Whistoune — daughter executor. Brother
William Symond, overseer.

Will of George Ross of Cromarty and of Conduit Street, Middlesex. —
Moveable and personal estate in Scotland, and all real and personal estate
in England or the West Indies, or any other place out of Scotland, I give
and bequeath to David Ross, Esq., of Ankerville, one of the Senators of

the Court of Session, Donald Macleod of , Duncan Munro of ,

Hugh Ross of , in North Britain ; Alexander Gray and John Ogilvy

of Spring Gardens, etc., etc., upon trust, to realise all, etc., in Surrey and
Middlesex, West Indies, etc., call in all monies due upon mortgages, etc.,
etc., to raise and pay off ;^3o,ooo, deducting ;;^3ooo for the lands of Over
Skibo, still in Alexr. Gray's possession, to the trustees named in the marriage
articles of Alexr. Gray, * my nephew, and Susannah his wife.' Trustees
to lay QUt any residue of monies in the purchase of lands in county of
Cromarty, or adjacent countie§. Then follow directions as to payment of
interest of such invested monies — for factors to manage such estates. * I
bequeath to my sister, Mrs. Jane Kirk, an annuity of ;£ioo ; to friend Ann
Kirk annuity of ^.100, to be paid at the same time as her said mother ; to

said Ann Kirk an additional annuity of jQ<,o ; to friend James Oswald

;^4oo for the use and benefit of my godson George Oswald ; to godson
William Pitt Amherst, and Eliz. his sister, children of my dear friend
General Amherst, ;£'ioo each. I meant to leave them more considerable
legacies (notwithstanding that from first to last I paid to and for their father
upwards of ^20,000) were it not for the great loss I lately sustained by
the failure of my relative Mr. John Eraser of London, merchant To my
worthy friend John White of Fairlor, Isle of Wight, ;£^ioo ; to David Ross,
Donald Macleod, John Ogilvie, and Hugh Ross, ;^ioo each ; and as a
mark of my esteem and opinion of his disinterestedness, to John Ogilvy I

leave my repeating watch. To James Oswald and his wife ;^2o

each to buy mourning, and to Lady Harris ^20. Said David Ross,
Donald Macleod, Duncan Munro, John Ogilvie, Hugh Ross, and
Alexander Gray, executors." Will signed 2nd July 1785. Witnesses,
Gray Cooper, W. R. Cooper, Henry Tindle.

Codicil annexed to Will, executed 26th September 1785. — 'Whereas I
have for a course of years employed much time and money in improvement
of my estate in North Britain, which, among other motives, have induced
me to execute an entail agreeable to the law of Scotland.' Requests his

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executors to pay off the mortgage of the estate of Mansfield of ^^20,000 at
once after his death. He desires his nephew, Alexander Gray, and his
other trustees to carry on all necessary improvements, expending nearly
;^2oo, attending to plantations, enclosures and hedges. . . . Dividing the
estate of Cromarty from time to time into inclosures of 100 or 150 Scots
acres ... to encourage opulent farmers to possess the same, the want of
whom has been the curse of that part of the country, from ignorance and
poverty being unable to cultivate the ground properly. Wishes his butler,
William Watson, and his wife to occupy the public house at Cromarty, and
leaves them ;^5o on that condition. * I desire Mr. Gray to be at the
expense of carrying on my poor orphan Master George Gordon's educa-
tion ; that he consult Dr. Rose, under whose care I put him, as to the
profession his genius leads him, etc., etc. I flatter myself that from his
generous and amiable disposition he will do a credit to my other
friends. . . . Desires to be buried quietly in the church of Richmond, in
the neighbourhood of which * I have lived for so many years, leaving it to
Mr. Gray to cause to mark the spot of my interment. Should my house
and freehold grounds at Richmond be sold, and my industrious gardener
be dismissed, I desire my executors may send him and his wife, if living,
down to Cromarty as a superintendent to his son, my present gardener,
and that he may have an adequate salary for life.*

Proved in London 1786.

April 1786. — On which day appeared personally Samuel Chad wick and
John Fraser of Spring Gardens, in the county of Middlesex, gentlemen, and
made out that they knew and were well acquainted with George Ross, late
of Cromarty ; but in the parish of St. George, Hanover Square, Middlesex,
for several years before and to the term of his death, which happened on
the 7th inst., and during this knowledge of him they have often seen him
write. . . . Having now carefully viewed and perused the paper . . . pur-
porting to be a codicil to will of deceased . . . they declare it to be the
handwriting of George Ross. The will was then proved with the codicil,
26th April 1786, by the oath of John Ogilvie and Alex. Ross, formerly
Gray, the nephew of deceased, two of the executors. . . . Reproved i6th
May 1804 by the oath of Donald Macleod and Duncan Munro.

On 23rd March 1835, administration, with will and codicil, of goods
and chattels of Geo. Ross, Jeft unadministered by John Ogilvie, Alex. Ross,
formerly Gray, the nephew, Donald Macleod, Duncan Munro, four of
the executors and residuary legatees in trust, named in will, was granted,
and Will. Holmer, Thomas Mackenzie, and Will. Murray, the younger,
the lawful attorney of Catherine Ross (wife of Hugh Ross), the person
entitled as substitute heir in tail of the estate in Scotland of George Ross,
and as such residuary legatee for life under the said will and codicil, being
sworn duly to administer for her use . . . now residing at Calrossie, in
County Ross, and until she shall duly apply for and obtain letters of
administration of the goods of said deceased left unadministered to be
granted to her. Donald Macleod survived all his brother executors, and
died 2ist January 1834, having made his will (which has not yet been
proved in this court), and therefore appointed executors Duncan Macleod,
his grandson, George Farquharson, nephew, Jos. Gordon, Alex. Stuart,
who have been duly cited, but no wise appeared.

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APPENDIX I.

Notes from State Papers about Thomas Ross, Librarian
TO Charles II.

Colin, E. of Seaforth, writing to Secretary Coke on Scotch matters,
says : * Will use James Ross, page of the back stairs, when he cannot have
convenience to see the Secretary.' (State Papers Dom,^ Charles /., vol.
194, No. 34, 19th June 1631.)

P. 79 — Paris, -??-?5!L?L^, 1655. — Every week I have begged my
. January 8

wife to find him (Halsey) out; but he is not in London. Halsey, a

person wanting in his work.

P. 206 — -^- — ~-^i i65f. — If the king sends not to me soon, I am
March 10 ' ^^ ^ '

undone, and cannot quit this place, for which I have importuned Mr.

Ross.

P. 237 — Paris, -^-—-. — ,165^. — Since writing my letter, 1 have heard
xVprii I

from my wife and Pik, who, because he cannot come to Calais, has sent
her. I have thrice told Dick Pik that he should send intelligence
direct to you, but he has disregarded or forgotten it, or else he has
no safe way to convey his letters, because my wife, for want of main-
tenance in London, has been obliged to retire to my mother's ; all my
letters passed through her hands. Had she been in London, you would
not fail of weekly intelligence.

P. 244 — March 27 (?), 1656 (Alice Ross to ). — Hearing that

you could send the enclosed to the king, John Weston says there is a
colonel allied to the Wildman family who does not receive from the king
the kindness he expected, and it is feared it may make breach between the
families, etc., etc. I wish I could always be in town to wait on the king's
affairs, but I am obliged to retire into the country. Endorsed (by
Nicholas) : In it was sent one from John Weston to the king, found with
the preceding.

P. 263 — Paris, April ^, 1656. — On my return from Calais I met my
wife, sent hither by Pike and his friends.

P. 326 — Paris, May ^, 1656. — I have one letter from Hopton since
his arrival in England. He and Pik are to follow their business together
in the country. I hear nothing of Charles Clifford and the rest of the
perjured promisers. My wife has taken great pains to follow them, and
having no one else to write, has ventured to write to you herself, and send
you hers to me.

P. 333 — Paris, -- -i?— ?, 1656. — Have you got my wife's letter, giving

you particulars of the business which Donee is sent with to the king.

P. 372 — London, June 13, 1656 (Mrs. Ross to Jack Trethwey). — I
send you a letter from John Weston to the king. Weston will treat with
no one but me, being the only person that propounded the match between
Major Wildman, and the king.

• P. 396 — Paris, ^^"^-^9^ 1656. — I (Thomas Ross) bade my sister send
her account this way till I had your new address, which now I will send

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32 The Scottish Autiquary ;

her ; but you will find that letters sent that way will not come to hand. —
Letter to Secretary Nicholas, Bruges.

P. 19 — Paris, July \\, 1656. — Ross says the enclosed is from my wife,
who wrote it from Weston's mouth, sealed it in his presence, and was
strictly enjoined secrecy ; so that I do not know the contents.

P. 67 — Paris, August yV* ^^S^- — My wife is going to Dover to get a
convenience for Mason to go to the Duke of York, etc.

P. 358 — Brussels, April -j^, 1658. — ^Thos. Ross speaks of his wife
having written to him from London, enclosing letter from * Magden/ etc.

APPENDIX K.

Brit. Mus. Add. mss. 21,679. A volume of correspondence with
Messrs. Wallace & Ross & Co., 1765-78, forming part of the Haldimand
papers presented by Will. Haldimand, 1857.

Add. MSS. 21,844, f. 107. From Geo. Ross, chairman of the United
Counties of Illinois and Wabash, Philadelphia, 26th March 1779, to
John Campble, Esqr., Agent for the County.

Add. MSS. 21,728, f. 41. Letter from John Ross, London, March 24,
1767, to Brigade-General Haldimand, Commander-in-Chief of H. M. Torces
of Southern District of America, West Florida, in which he asks that
Mr. Robert Ross may have contract for supplying rum lo the troops.

Ibid. f. 235. From John Ross, EdinbiiTgh, to Brigade-General
Haldimand, Pensacola, in which he thanks him for the attention paid to
his recommendation, and regrets that his distance from the great metro-
polis prevents him from sending out the magazines and newspapers as
often as he could wish, eta, etc.

523. Old Stirling Register {continued from vol. vii. /. 169). —

1589.
May I. James Uttein, son of George Uttein and Margaret Heriot.

W, Johnne thomson, bo — [lost], James Ure, mchd.
„ 4. Jonet Orok, daughter of Johnne Orok and Jonet Wryt. W, Wm.

Hwd, Alexr. Hwttone, skiner, James Aissone, mchd., Wm.

Hwttone.
„ „ Johnne M*condochie, son of Johnne M'condochie and Jonet

Richardsone. IV. Archebauld Smyt, messingr., James

ramsay, messngr., Duncan Kirk wood, Donald provand,

Johnne Richardson.
„ II. Margaret Moreson, daughter of Andro Moresone and Hellein

Thomsone. W. finla Reid in craigarnet, Louch Wilsone in

drip, thomas crystesone, yr., Johnne Hog.
„ ,, Alexr. Mairschell, son of Johnne Mairschell and Sara Kincaid.

W, Alex. Wys, litst., Duncan Zwng, Duncan Kirkwood, Alex.

tinbill in flukhous.
,, 15. Robert Downie, son of Johnne Downie and Elet Neilsone.

W, Johnne Donaldson, mchand. Rot. ro'sone, pewderer, Jone

Millar, cowper, Wm. blackburn, maltma.
„ „ Cristane Richie, daughter of Stein Richie and Jonet Neilsone.

W, [None given.]
* In S. Ninians prochin yir ij bairns ar borne.'
„ 18. Margaret Andirsone, daughter of Wm. Andirsone in Schip-

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shawt and Elet. forester. W. James Aissone, mchd., James

ramsay, messingr., Patrick Watsone in Stling.
May 15. Johnne Zwng, son of Johnne Zwng in Stennielncsh in Donoven,

and Cristane Small. W, Rot. Zwng, bukesyd, Johnne

Hwlton in donoven, gilbert finlason in Sting.
„ 25. Margaret Stein, daughter of umqhll. Jone Stein, maisson, and

Jonet Ra. W. Michell Ewein, maisson, gilbert EdmSL,

baxt.
fors.
„ „ Margaret Drumond, daughter of Patrik Drumond and Jonet

Sibbald. W. Rot Cossin, Johnne glen in graing.
„ 29. Grissall Johnesone, daughter of James Johnesone and Elet.

bume. W, Johnne Clark, baxt., Johnne Millar, baxt
June 4. James grahame, son of Johnne grahame and Hellein schort.

W, James schort, mchd., Alexr. Millar, Malcolme Dund.
„ „ Sara forester, daughter of Duncan forester of Quenishaut and

Margaret Douglas. W, James Mentayt of Randefurde,

James Mentayt, . . . [lost] Callender.
„ „ Williame Michell, son of Duncan Michell and Agnes Car, W,

Andro liddell, V^illiam Hood.
„ 12. Margaret Aikman, daughter of Jone Aikman and Jonet

Donaldsone. W. Jone Downie in Sheock, Jone Weddell,

yr., James Aikman, yr.
„ „ Duncan Palsone, son of James Patsone in Dursaill and Jonet

Hill. W, Moreis mischell, taylzor, Duncan Zwng.
fors.
„ 15. (sic) of Johnne Benny and Bessie Andirsone. W. Andro

Buchanan, not, Andro liddell, tailzor, George lapslie.
„ 19. William Brog, son of Wm, Brog, Surrogean, and Beatrix

Williamson. W* Mr. Johnne Colvill, chantur of glasgw,

James Dow, portioner off Row, Waltir Neische.
„ „ Jonet Sclandirs, daughter of Rot Sclandirs and Jonet Mairschall.

W. Alexr. Ewein in Craigzeith, Wm. M^'hed, yr., Patrick

Stevinson, y.
„ „ Geillis Allasone, daughter of Thomas Allasone in touch and

Jonet Dwgall. W, Walt Michell in West Wood, Thomas

Dwgall, yr.
„ „ Cathrein Aikman, daughter of Thomas Aikman in ovir banu-

burne and cristane broun. W, Alexr. broun in ovir banu-

bume, Rot. Alexr., yr., cautionar.
„ 25. Duncan Andirson, son of Thomas Andersone, mchand., and

Annabill [torn ofi]. W, Ormond blakatur in chan (?), Wm.

Chalmir, Rot. Car, walkar.
Ju'y 3« J2i*^c lapslie, daughter of George lapslie and Margaret Neilsone.

W, Thomas forest in schiphaut, James Wallace, not , Andro

Cunyghame.
„ „ Thomas forester and Elet. forester, twin children of David

forester of logy and Jonet Alschunder. W, Thomas leving-

stone of hanein, Malcolme Wallace, baillie.
„ 13. William Cairns, son of Johnne Cairns and Hellein Andirsone.

W. Gilbert Edman, baxt, Wm. Edman, baxt., Cristopher

Cairns.

VOL. Vm. — NO. XXIX, C

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July 13. Johnne Kincaid, son of Johnne Kincaid and Issobell Uttein.
W, Rot Ro*sone, pewderer, Thomas Downy, smyt, Johnne
Gawey, mchand., Adame Winzet
„ Cathrein tailzor, son of James tailzor and hellein adamsone.

W, Johnne Scharar, mchnd., David richardson, maltm.
20. David Scherp, son of Johnne Scherp and Jonet Edmane.
W, Gilbert Edman, baxt, Thomas Scot, tailzor, Jone
Andersone, baxt.
„ Annablle buntein, daughter of Nicoll buntein and Jonet Allane.
W. Arch. Allane, mchand., Duncan Leischman, smyt, Cris-
topher lamb, Johnne Willesone, mchand.
„ Jonet Schort, daughter of Williame Schort and Elet. Mwresone.
Cau. for Wm. Schort, Alexr. Zwng, baxt. ; cau. Jone Scherp,
Andro Andersone, baxt., Jone Hendirson, baxt.
24. Margaret finlason, daughter of Gilbert finlason and Jonet Stevin-
sone. W, James Ro'sone, fiesher, Alexr. Schort, mchand.,
Duncan Kirk [rest torn oflf].
„ Thomas Richardson, son of Richard Richardson and Agnes
Tailzor. W, Thomas ro*sone, mchand., Alexr. Kirk wood in
Johnson, Wm. Tailzor in mwrtoun.
„ Agnes Name, daughter of Alexr. Name in Levelands and
Margaret levingstone. W, Johnne levingstone, appearand
of Dwnypace, Mr. henrie levingstone, minr., Mr. Alex. JulL
27. William Benny, son of Johnne benny and helleine Neilsone.
W, Alexr. Zwng, baxt., Jone Ewein, webster, Wm. Castellaw,
David NycoU, mchand.

In ye prochin of Kilmadok, ye paroch of yir baime dwells
qlk. was baptezit at ye desyr of Mr. Wm. Stling ye minst. j

30. Jonet Wilson, daughter of ffowk Wilsone in Drip and Elet. '

Hendirsone. W, Thomas Wilsone in Dunblane, Alexr.
Cristeson in Drip, Malcolme Willesone, senr., Jone Wille-
sone, mchand. i

Aug. 3. {sic) of Rot. Cowane and Barbara Smyt. W. Jone gib,

cwitler, Duncan Kinwood, maltm.
In Canglin in S. Ninians prochin.
,, „ Johnne Stevinson, son of Gabriell Stevinson and Cristane
Gilcrist. W. Jone Murhed in Carin, James Nisbet in Ester
Banuk, William Reid, Kulwhove.
fors.
„ „ Andro M*Kie, son of Malcolme M'Kie in Lawbert, and Jonet
Nicoll in Dwnypeace. W. Jone M*Kie in lawbert, Andro
Gairie in Waltir of bowine, David Andirsone in Buchanane. '

fors.
„ 7. Johnne Campbell, son of Alexr. Campbell, priwr of Ardchattan,
and Elet. Aissone. W, Rot. Craigengelt of yat ilk, Mr.
Richard Wryt, minr., Mr. Alex. Jull
„ 10. James Levenax, son of Johnne levenax and [tom oflF]. W,

James cristeson, fear of Ruthven, Mr. Richard Wryt.
„ 24. Alexr. Stevinson, son of Thomas Stevinson and Margaret
Johnsone. W, Andro Broun in Throsk, and Alexr. Uttein.
., 31. Johnne bennet, son of Gregur Bennet and Marione Benet.
W, James Kidstone, undr. ye abbots craig, Thomas Zwng in
Corntoun, Andro thomesone.

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OTy Northern Notes and Queries, 35

Sep. 7. Ormond Spittell, son of George Spittell and Margaret Watsone.

W, Archebauld Smyt, Ormond blakatur, James stevinsonei

couper, Wm. fothringame.
„ II. Margaret Hendirsone, daughter of James Hendirsone and

Euffame Caimis. W. Rot Smyt. at ye will, Hewt. of

banaburne.
,, 14. Cicill leishman, daughter of Johnne leishman and Janet Cowane.

IV. Alexr. Couslund, messinger, James Cowane, swurgeon,

Thomas neilsone, skinner.
„ 21. Robert Hodge, son of Johnne Hodge and Margaret BelL W.

David forester of Logy, Rot. thomeson, maltm., James Ro*-

sone, flesher
,, 25. Agnes Drumond, daughter of Abrahame Drumond and Ele.

Mwschet. IV, Mr. Moreis Drumond, James Drumd., his broy.
„ 28. Margaret fargussone, daughter of Johnne fargussone and

Marione Murdo. W. Wm. Aissone, mchand., Thomas

Anderson, mchand., Thomas Downy, smyt.
„ 18. Elet. Mairschell, daughter of Duncane Mairschall and Margaret

Scott. W, Alexr. Cok, burges of P'the, Johnne Lowdione,

Johnne Scharar.
Oct. 5. Johnne Mairschall, son of Wm. Mairschall and hellein Jarvy.

W. Donald Ure in carbrick, Jone Layng, maltmS^ Duncan

pa*sone in qwenshaw.
„ „ William Edman, son of Gilbert edmane and Janet andirsone.

W. Williame Edman, baxter, Andro Anderson, baxt.
„ „ Margaret Willesone, daughter of Thomas Willesone and Cristane

philp. IV, Rot. ro*sone, pewderar, Jone gichane, cordener,

William Maisson, cor., Patrick Mayn in allway.
„ „ Johnne Downy, son of Thomas Downy, smyt, and Cathrein

liddle. W, Jone'Kincaid, cwitler, Alexr. Downy, maltma,

Johnne Gallway in huddiffel
fors.
„ 9. Sara Richardsone, daughter of James Richardsone and Jonet

cairnis. W, Duncan Mwresone, maltmS, Alexr. Duncane,

litster.
„ 12. Jonet Mitchell, son of Thomas Mitchell and Issobell gilleis,

W, James broun in ebbihewt, henrie Johnson, bath — (?),

Wm. Mitchell in badindayth, James Gilleis in Drip.
„ „ Robert andirsone, son of Andro Andirsone and Margaret

M*Nellane. W, Johnne Andsone, baxt, Andro Mathow.
fors.
„ „ Scipio Home, son (?) of Patrik Home of argatie and Margaret

Andirson. IV, James Erskein, James Prestoun, appearand

of Valawfld.
„ 16. Jonet Stevinsone, daughter of Johnne stevinsone and Jonet

Allason. W. Alexr. zwng, baxt, Archebauld AUanwood,

Johnne Willeson.
,, „ Johnne Andirson, son of John Andirsone and Marjorie (?)

Edman. W, Andro Andson, baxt., Wm. Edmane, Jone

browne, tailzr., Jone Moresone, coup.

„ „ Androw Zwng, son of Duncane Zwng and {sic) gallway.

W, (none).

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Oct. 19. Jonet Drumond, daughter of Mr. William Drumond and

Cristane bradie. W. Sr. Rot. Drum** of Camok, Patrick

Kinross, Alexr. Drumond in Drumond.
>» 23. Johnne Jwnkein, son of Johnne Jwnkein and Jone Johnsone.

W, Wm. Gillaspie, maltm, Thomas Michell Letster, David

NicolL
„ 26. James Quhitbrw, son of Johnne Quhitbrw and Margaret Caimis.

W, James levenox, messinger, Jone hendirspne, baxt, gawin

cairns, baxt.
,, „ Wm. Willesone, son of late thos. Willesone, tailzour, and

Issobel bryse. W, Rot Cwnyghame of Ladyland, Andro

buchanan, not, Williame Keir.
„ 30. Jonet Mwresone, daughter of Walter Mwresone and Margaret

finy. W. Waltir Neish, Rot Downy, Walt Scharar in

lecky, georg. forester in Schiphaut
„ „ Agnes Name, daughter of Johnne Name and Elet gillaspie.

W. George Name, litst., Thomas patsone in Couldinhove.
fors.
Nov. 13. Rot Elphinstone, son of Mr. Johnne Elphinstone, person of

funnachtie, and Agnes bruce. W, Jonne, Erlle of Mar,

Rot brace of ClakmSn.
„ „ Duncan boyd, son of Thomas boyd, cwik, and Margaret Mowat.

W, Alexr. Ewing, baxt., James Ro*sone, Andro Kilbowey.
„ torn. Robert cwninghame, son of Andro Cwninghame and Elet.

Aitkein. W, Rot Cwningham of Ladyland, (torn)

Aitkein, (torn), Rot. Potter.

20. Alexr. bennet, son of Duncane bennet and Cristoune gonochane.

W, Alexr. patsone, Jone Mwreson, Jone Layng, Thomas

Leitch.
fors.
„ „ Elet Lowrie, daughter of Walter lowrie and Elet. Hill. Johnne

Willesone, mert., James forester, James Allane, flesher.
„ „ Marione Watson, daughter of George Watsone and Margaret

Russell. W, Wm. Watsone, baxt., Johnne Andirson, baxt
„ „ Johnne bim', son of Johnne binV and Agnes Windezetts. W.

Johnne Port^ mch., Duncane Mwresone, Johnne broun,

meassone.
)» 23. (sic) of David richardson and Rachell Lamb. W. Rot.

Cwnygham of ladyland, Duncan Mwreson. maltmSL, Thomas

Neilson, maltm^
„ 27. Henrie M*Comes, son of Andro M'Comes and Cristane M*Kwn.

W. Archebauld Alexr., M. Johnne fargussone, M. Johnne

Zwng.
Dec. 4. Williame gillaspie, son of Williame gillaspie and Issobel Michell.

W, Johnne Millar, baxt, Alex. Zwng, baxt., Johnne hendirson,

baxt.
„ „ Robert M'Kwn, son of Patrick M*Kwn and Issobell Ranald.

W. Alexr. Patsone, litst, Johnne M*bene, David Alexr.,

merch., Johnne Kincaid.
„ „ Duncane brand, son of Johnne brande and Elet. Henrie. W,

Duncan patsone, malta, Ormond blakatur, Johnne Downy,

smyt, Rob. thomesone, maltm a,

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Dec. 14. Susanna NicoU, daughter of Thomas Nicoll and Hellein

Lowdiane. W, Jone Lowdiane, tailzor, Wm. Glen in

cabuskenth., Wm. Barne, yor., Patrick Zwng.
„ „ Williame fothringam, son of Williame fothringam and Jonet

Ro'son. W, Thomas watson, m., Thomas Downy, smyt,

Wm. Aisson, mchd., Jone Dflc2Lson, skiner.
,, 18. Alexr. Kincaid, son of Johnne Kincaid and Margaret Layng.

IV. Alexr. Rotsone, fiesher, Duncane bennet, Wm. Michell,

litst.
„ „ Wm. Watsone, son of Patrick Watsone and Margaret aissone.

IV. Wm. GrahS of potnuls(?), Wm. Aissone, m., Wm.

Andirson in Schiphaut.
„ 25. Elet. Heastie, daughter of Johnne heastie and Issobell Stein.

W. Johnne Clark, baxt., Johnne Miln, tailzor, John gichane,

Johnne Andirsone, baxt.
„ „ George Richardson, son of James richardson and Barbara

Rotsone. W. George Name, litst., George forester in

shiphaw, andro Zwn, merchd.
Jan. 4. Margaret harvie, daughter of Wm. harvie and Jonet Zwng. W,

Thomas Zwng in cometoun, Duncan Wilson in polmais.
„ „ Thomas Allane, son of Rot. Allane and hellein rotsone. W.

Alexr. Zwng, baxt, Jone donaldson, mchd., Jone leishman,

tailzor.
„ „ Jone Allane, son of Wm. Allane and Elet donaldsone. W.

Gilbert Edm^ baxt, Wm. EdmS, baxt, Jone quhythill, baxt.,

Thomas Willeson.

for^
„ II. Margaret haschintoun, daughter of henrie hascheintoun and

agnes gwithrie. W. David Cwnyghame, servand to ye laird

of cad. James spence, servand to Mr. Gilbert ogilby.
„ „ James Kinross, son of David Kinross and Issobell Awchtmwtty.

W. (sic) Kinross, append, of Kippenross, Patrik Kinross,

henrie murray, servand to my lady Mar.
„ 16. Issobell Cousland, daughter of Alexr. Cousland and Issobell

Alexr. IV. andro cowane, waiter cowane.

fors.
„ 22. Cathrein forester, daughter of James forester and Issobell Ra.

W. Rot forester of Boquhen, Walt. Cowane, messingr,

Wm. Mairshell, miliar.
„ 25. Cathrein henrie, daughter of Johnne henrie and Marione gichane.

W, James schort, inchand, Johnne hendsone, baxt, Johnne

Donaldsone, m., Johnne broune, tailzor.
„ „ Anna Erskein, daughter of Thomas Erskein and agnes ogilvie.

W. Johnne Erskein, Mr. off Mar, James Erskein, broyt to ye

same thomas, Wm. Elphingstone, shef deput of Orkney.
„ „ James Zwng, son of Johnne Zwng, civik, and Issobell neilsone.

W. Jone Neilsone in canglur, James Cousland . . . • row

.... {ilUgibie).
Feb. 2. Williame Donaldsone, son of Johnne Donaldsone and Margaret

Wilson. W. Jone Waa in Ingilpauk, James buchanS in

clayslop, Rot. leishman in c^busbarron, Wm. Wilsone, Alex.

Dunca, litst.

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38 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Feb. 8. {sic) of James aisplein and hellein scott. W, Johnne

M'^bene, smyt, adam wingzet in {sic), Jone hndsone,

gould smyt, andro lowrie, mchand.
„ 12. Rot. blacatur, son of Ormond blacatur and Bessie Murdo.

W, Rot. forester of bowhen, James Watsone, mchand,

alex. lowrie, mchane.
„ 26. {sic) of Donald m'^corrane and Margaret M'do. W. Johnne

gib, quariur, alex. ro*sone, wryt, gilbert maistertoun, glassin-

wryt.
„ „ Agnes Watsone, daughter of Wm. Watsone and Jonet Archebauld.

W, James Watsone, Johnne hendersone, baxt
March i. Johnne thomesone, son of Bartilmo thomson and Margaret

duncason. W, Thomas Willesone, cord., Jone DuncSson,

in logy, duncS gib, maisson, Johne Thomson e, cord.
„ „ George dyks, son of James dyks and Marion brandie. W, george

forester in schiphowt, Wm. Andsone, y., duncan patirsone in

qwenshawt
„ „ Johnne smyt, son of Johnne smyt, als gow, and Cristane Michell.

W, andro cowane, mchand, ormd. blacatur, mchand. . . .

{illegible).
,. „ Marie Erskein, daughter of Sam well Erskein and grissall forester.

W. James forester, apperand of gden, Jone forester, his broy.,

Rot forester off Boqwhen.
„ 8. Jonet Aissone, daughter of James aissone and hellein forester.

IV, george forester, schiphaut, Wm. Andirsone, his brother-
in-law, Alexr. thomesone, Edward hill, mchand.
Thir twa bairns following war borne in S. Ninians prochin.
„ „ Elet bardie; daughter of Jone bardie in cont. (?) and Issobell

Steinsone. IV, James Watson in cont (?), finlay Maleike, y.
„ „ Margaret car, daughter of Arthur car in hill of dundaff and

Margaret Zwng. IV, Rot. Zwng, bukesyd, Jone Smyth in

cawwfurd.
„ 12. Elet Alexr., daughter of Johnne Alexr. and cristane archd.

W, Wm. gillaspie in Touchgorme, Johne Alexr. in bafiok-

burn, Williame Aissone, mairchand.
„ „ Jonet Millar, daughter of Crystie Millar in culbeg, and Margaret

Joukein. W, Thomas farnssone in leickie. W, Touken in

Boqwhen.

1590.

„ 26. Cathrein Cuthbert, daughter of Wm. Cuthbert and Jonet car.

W. George forester in Schiphawt, gregur bennet.

„ 29. Johnne M'Meish, son of Wm. M*Meish and hellesone

{illegible), W, George forester in Schiphawt, Andro lottein,

James aissone, m., Wm. aissone, m.
„ „ Johnne Colvill, son of Mr. Johnne Colville, chantur of Glasgw.

and Jonet Russell. W, Johnne, Erlle of Mar, Mr. Johnne

prestone, ane of ze comissrs. of (?)

„ „ Williame ferriar, son of Johnne ferriar and agnes Stewart W,

Williame Elphinstone, shef. deput of orknay, James erskein,

henrie schaw, broy. to ye laird of Sawchie.

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or. Northern Notes and Queries, 39

March 31. Elet. Alexr., daughter of Archebauld Alexr. and Elet. Alexr.

W. David forest of logy, Androwe bruce, cristopher Alexr.,

Archebauld cwnyghm.
April 23. Alexr. cairncors, son of Johnne cairncors and Jonet Wttein.

W, And. Wttein, travellor, James crystie of Corntoun,

Johnne gawey, mchand, Archebauld Srayt.
„ „ In Drip, helein crystesonne, daughter of Thomas crystesone

and Agnes thomesone. W, David Willesone in Drip, James

gilleis, y., Alexr. crystesone, y., Jone Allane in Stling.
,, Jonet Downy, daughter of Alexr. Downy and Marione blakburn.

W, Thomas Downy, Smyt, Johnne gib, cuitler.
„ 26. Johnne Murray, son of henrie Murray and Elit. Auchtmwtty.

W. Olepheir Murray, James schaw, Jone Donaldsone.

for».
„ 30. George rasay, son of James Ramsay and Margaret hastie. W.

Johnne farguson, barbur, george spittall, m. . . . {illegible).
May 3. Margaret glen, daughter of Wm. glen and Jonet sibbet. W,

Johnne glen, zwngr., Thomas glen, zwngr.
„ „ James Downy, son of Duncane Downy and Margaret Wilsone.

W, Johne Cuthbert, skiner, Wm. fothringame, m., Patrik

Zwng, md., wolst
„ TO. Jonet Nicoll, daughter of David Njcoll and cristane zwng. IV.

Alexr. zwng, baxt., Wm. gillaspie, md., Johnne Downy, m.
„ 14. Cathreine ro*Sone, daughter of Alexr. ro'sone and Jonet gib.

W. Johnne gib, cuitler, Johnne Kincaid, cuitler, Johnne

Mairshall.
,, „ Cristane bruce, daughter of George bruce and Agnes Donald-
sone. fV. Rot. bruce in Wodsyd, Mr. Jone Stewart, Rot.

Craigengett of yat ilk.
„ 17. Jonet sqwyar («V) daughter of Donald M'cowll and Cristaine

Sqwyar. W, Andro M 'comes, staibler, Johnne Allane,

maisson, Jone lockart, mchand., Jone belsche, fischer.
,, 31. Elet liddell, daughter of Andro liddell and Jonet rotsone. W,

george lapslie.
J, „ Edward Andsone, son of Thomas andirsone and Annabel!

Coustone. W, George Name, litst, Jone fargussone, zwns.,

Cryslie sword, m., Andro car, watear.

524. Bleaching Greens. — Visitors from the south often express sur-
prise when they pass a country dwelling, near which the guidwife is em-
ployed watering the lately-washed family linen which lies spread on the
greensward. In most parts of England clothes, after being washed, are
hung on lines to dry, and then taken into the house to be ironed. What
in Scotland is known as the ' bleaching green ' is in England known as
the * drying green.' The maid in the well-known nursery song was
* hanging out the clothes,* not bleaching them, when the mischievous
magpie * took off her nose.' Whence comes this difference in the treat-
ment of linen in the two countries ? We are inclined to think that the Scots
have in this, as in other things, taken a hint from the Dutch. In
Guicciardini's Omnium Belgii sive inferioris Germanice regionum description
printed in 161 6, is a view of a city, in the foreground is shown by the
wayside a bleaching green, on which are not only long strips of linen cloth.

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40 The Scottish Antiquary ;

but also several shirts or smocks : a woman, holding a pail in her left band,
is employed in sprinkling a shirt with water from it with her right hand,
the drops of water are shown falling on the garments. The houses within
the walls resemble those met with in towns on the shores of the Forth.
They are ornamented with crowstep gables. An additional resemblance
is the presence of towers surmounted with bulbous minarets, such as still
adorn many of our old east-country town-halls and church steeples.

Ed.

QUERIES.

CCXXXII. George Douglas. — Why in Wandering Willie's famous tale
Rtdgaunikt^ is George Douglas, Earl of Dumbarton, styled * twice
turned traitor baith to country and king ' ?

Sp far as I can trace his history he was only too faithful to
James ii.

He was George, fifth son of the ninth Earl of Angus (who
was made ist Marquis of Douglas). Lord George succeeded
his brothers in command of the Scots Guards in France, called
Le Regiment de Douglas, in 1653. After the restoration of
Charles 11., Louis xiv. lent him this Regiment in 1661 for eight
years. Lord George commanded it till 1678, when the Regi-
ment was incorporated in the British Army (now the Scots
Guards), and he was made Earl of Dumbarton, but no land
was attached to the title. He was Commander-in-Chief in
Scotland against Argyll, and was a persecutor. In 1688 seems
to have commanded the Scottish contingent which James 11.
summoned to England against the Prince of Orange. The
king could not be persuaded to act, though Dumbarton offered
to lead his regiment alone against the enemy. He followed
James to St Germains and died there. He is buried in the
Church of St. Germain des Prfes near his brother. Lord James
(killed at Douagne 1645), and his grandfather, the tenth Earl of
Angus, who died in exile in 161 1 for becoming a Romanist.

Dumbarton left a son George, who was British Ambassador
to Petersburg in 17 16. At his death the title became extinct

C. M.

CCXXXHL BoTHWELL Bridge. — Two men named Roxburgh fought at
this battle, were taken prisoners, carried to Edinburgh, and con-
demned to be hanged. The Duke of Hamilton, by getting them
to renounce their Protestantism, saved them from the gallows.
This is the family tradition. Can these names be identified any-
where? Any information will be gratefully appreciated.

A. G. S.

CCXXXIV. CocHRANES OF Shillingsworth. — A family closely con-
nected with the Dundonald family. Any information will be
thankfully received. A. G. S.

CCXXXV. The Bulloch Family and Alliances. — (a) J. G. Bulloch,
M.D., Savannah, Georgia, U.S.A., Librarian of the Georgia
Medical Society, and member of several Literary Societies, has

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or. Northern Notes and Queries, 4 1

sent the accompanying pedigree (see page 42), and appeals to
Scottish genealogists to assist him to clear up some points which
will be set forth in the following notes.

(^) John Irvine Bulloch, his grandfather, married Charlotte Glen
{£)y who was daughter of John Glen, Chief Justice of Georgia,
the son of James Glen, Royal Governor of Georgia. Burke in
his Peerage {voce Dalhousie, E.) states that Elizabeth Glen, wife
of George, 8th Earl of Dalhousie, was daughter of Andrew and
niece of James Glen. She was certainly sister of Governor
James Glen, who was therefore son of Andrew Glen. The
earlier lineage of the Glen family is wanted.

(/) Elizabeth Wilson, wife of James Glen, was k granddaughter
of Sir William Wilson. Information about this family is wanted.

{h) Anne Irvine, wife of James Bulloch (d)^ was daughter of Dr.
John Irvine. His wife was Anna E. Baillie, and* was of Scottish
descent ; it is believed that she belonged to the House of
Lamington. She mentions in her will her ' plantation of Dunane.*
Will this fact help to connect her with Baillie of Lamington or
Dunain ?

(/) Euphemia Douglas, wife of Charles Irvine and grandmother
of Anna Irvine {h)y was a daughter of John Douglas (I) by his wife
Agnes, daughter of James Horn of Westhall \ information about
the Horns is wanted. The following is the pedigree of John
Douglas {k). Is it known from whom his ancestor Archibald
was descended ?

John Erskine of Dun =
'The Superintendent.* I

Archibald Douglas = Janet Auchinleck. Robert Erskine, * Fiar of Dun*=
I ^1

John Douglas of Tilwhilly=GEiLES Erskine Sir Peter Young= .
I («. 1576). I

John Douglas = Mary Young {m, 1594).

Tames Douglas (4th Son)=IsoBBL Ramsay.
I

John Douglas =Gri$5EL Forbes.

John Douglas = Agnes Horn.

(m) Mary de Veaux, wife of Archibald BuUocli, was daughter of
James de Veaux, the son of Andrfe de Veaux, a French
Huguenot. Is anything known of this family ?

(«) Jean Stobo, wife of James Bulloch (/), was a daughter of
Archibald Stobo, a minister of the Gospel who was at Charleston
in 1700, and died there, much respected, in 1740; he went from
Scotland with the Darien Colonists. Information about him is
wanted.

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or, Mortfiern Notes and Queries. 43

CCXXXVI. — John Tod. — John Tod, minister of Carriden 1703-17 16, w.
1704 Agnes Dundas. Information is requested concerning his
father, brothers, and children. Was he connected with Henry
or James Tod of Bo'ness ? Henry Tod, Jun.

23 Lennox Street, Edinburgh.

CCXXXVII. — Drysdale. — I wish to know : (i) how the name Drysdale
is so prevalent in Fife, and especially the west of Fife \ (2) how
they came to migrate from their original home in the south ; and
(3) why, so far as \ know, the name is practically without a
representative there ? Is there any other instance in Scotland
of a similar exodus ?

I cannot help feeling that there must be some explanation,
historical or traditional, of the remarkable invasion of Fife by
my family. But I have never been able to find any.

Charles Drysdale.

CCXXXVIII. — Gordons of Glenbucket Castle. — I should like to
know what became of this family after the fall of their fortunes in
the '45. The last Laird saved his head by escaping to France,
where he died in exile. What family had he, and where did they
reappear when the troubles of the period blew over ? J. G. R.

CCXXXIX. — Makgill, Adamson, Forbes, Orme.

(i) In Spottiswoode's Ecclesiastical History of Scotland ^ it
mentions James Makgill, Clerk Register, related to Maitland of
Lethington. What was the relationship? His mother was a
Cunninghame of Caprington.

(2) He married a daughter of Adamsonne of Graycrook.
Can any information concerning the family be given ?

(3) Forbes of Rires. What branch of the family of Forbes
was the Rires family ?

(4) Orme of Kingdrum, Can you give any information con-
cerning this family ?

CCXL. — Archdeaconry of Lothian. — I am anxious to obtain informa-
tion as to the early history of the Archdeaconry, said to date
from the beginning of the eleventh century. Was it erected
by formal charter? If so, is the original deed, or any copy of it,
known to exist ? Unfortunately the Register of St. Andrews, to
which we should naturally turn for light on the point, is believed
to be lost {Scotch Legal Antiquities^ p. 190). The Archdeacon
of Lothian being, by virtue of liis office, parson of this parish,
the question is one possessing a local interest, and I should be
grateful to any one who can put me in the way of obtaining the
desired information. Please reply direct. R. B. Langwill.

CURRIE, N.B.

CCXLI. — Maitland. — Information required on following points : —

Point (i), Robert Maitland, Deputy-Governor of the Bars,

under John Duke of Lauderdale, registered arms in 1680. The

arms are those of Lethington within a bordure waved, az, : Crest

— * a rock placed in the sea, p.p.r. Motto — non Fludus fluctu.

Point (2), Col, Rd. Maitland of Southa, and of the Coldstream

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44 ^^ Scottish Antiquary ;

Guards, also Governor of the Bars, born between 1670- 1680.
Whose son was he ?

I think our 'Episcopalian' tendencies have operated un-
favourably against us, as doubtless my ancestors were all
baptized, married, and buried according to the Book of Common
Prayer^ and the registers of old Episcopalian congregations
have in many cases been lost. Nevertheless, perhaps antiquaries
may be able to help us. J. T. Maitland.

CCXLII. — ^James Ross of Balneil. — Information requested regarding
the family of James Ross of Balneil, in Wigtownshire, who died
in 1655. His wife's name was Sarah Sym or Syme. Tradition
says that they had nine daughters, all of whom were married.
The eldest, Margaret, was the wife of Sir James Dalrymple, ist
Viscount Stair. J. M. H.

CCXLIII. — Colonel Douglas and Colonel Lockhart's Regiments.
— What was * Colonel Douglas's Regiment * — ^apparently in the
French service during the Protectorate ? And what was * Colonel
Lockhart's Regiment of Blues ' about the end of the seventeenth
century ? Are there any records of these regiments, and where ?

St. Andrews.

REPLIES TO QUERIES.

XCI. Bennett Family.— Though as yet the early history of this
family has not been traced, it may be well to note that the
name occurs in the reign of Edward iii. at Berwick-upon-Tweed,
and that in 1560 a grant of arms was made by Laurence Dalton,
Norroy King, to John Bennett of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, gent, the
Queen's Master of the Ordnance of the North Parts. It is dated
6th Dec. 3 Eliz. (a.d. 1560). After the preamble Norroy
states that, having been desired by Bennett not only to make
search for the ancient arms belonging to that name, which he
found to be * Azure, a f esse golde between iij dymye lyons argent^
but also to augment the same, for remembrance of his the
grantees service in the said office, some augmentation, with a
crest convenient to the same, therefore he, Norroy, * Sett forthe
unto th'armes aforesyde, on the fesse a gonne azure between ij
pellettSy and on thelme for a crest or coygnoysance, a castle golde
w*^ fyreflamynge owt^ and on the castle ij pelletts, on a wreath
argent and azure, mantelyd goules, lyned argent, bottondyd golde ^
which arms were thereby allowed, ratified, and confirmed to the
said John Bennett and his posterity for evermore.

The epitaph of John Bennett is in St. Nicholas' Church,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and shows that he died a.d. 1568. The
last two lines run —

* So trust we, his wife and children, that caused this,
And Captain Carel, a friend of his.'

This last name is probably intended for John Carvill, a

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Captain of the garrison of Berwick, who married Anne, daughter
of John Bennett. The above information is from TTie Herald
and Genea/ogisf^Aug. 1S66, Ed.

CCXXV. — In reply to J. F.*s query, the Baillies of Lamington are de-
scended from both the Wallace and the Bruce. Wallace had a
daughter. Whether the mother was married or not is uncertain,
and who she was is unknown : she may have been the woman
who, at the cost of her own life, saved Wallace's life at Lanark ;
in any case she cannot have been Marion Bradfute, heiress of
Lamington. Lamington came to the Baillies in quite another
way. Wallace's daughter married Sir William Baillie (i.) of
Hoprig. The son of this marriage, Sir William Baillie (11.) of
Hoprig, married Isabel Seyton, and the Baillies got both their
lands of Lamington (still theirs), and their Bruce descent through
this Isabel Seyton. Here are the steps in the process : —

Sir Christopher Seyton (executed in London in 1306 along
with Nigel Bruce) had married Christian Bruce, sister of Nigel
and of Robert the Bruce. Sir Alexander Seyton, son of Sir
Christopher Seyton and Christian Bruce, was, in 1329, entered
* of Lamington.' Sir William Seyton * of Lamington,' son of this
Sir Alexander Seyton, married Catharine Sinclair of Hermand-
stone. Isabel Seyton, daughter of Sir William Seyton and
Catherine Sinclair, and heiress of Lamington, married Sir
William Baillie (11.) of Hoprig, and was mother of Sir William
Baillie (in.) of Hoprig and Lamington, and ancestress of
Charles Alexander Wallace Cochrane-Baillie, now second Baron
Lamington. J. O. Mitchell.

CCXXVII. — Abbot of Melrose. — According to family tradition, and to
MTarlane's mss. in the Advocates' Library, Edinburgh, a
Robert Bethune was Abbot of Melrose, but he seems to have
been a brother, not nephew of James Bethune, Archbishop of
St. Andrews. Probably he is the same person as Robert
Bethune who, in 1500 (under the designation of * Presbuterus '),
witnessed a charter by Robert Blackadder, Bishop of Glasgow.
I have a note that this Abbot died in 1526, but it may be taken
from the letter of Dr. Magnus to Cardinal Wolsey.

St. Andrews.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Old and Rare Scottish Tartans^ with Historical Introduction and
Descriptive Notices^ by Donald William Stewart, F.S.A. Scot, 4to.
Edinburgh, George P. Johnston, 1893. — This work invites attention and
criticism. Forty-five examples of tartans are given, and the letterpress
accompanying each illustration must afford attractive matter for the clans
concerned. The tartan of the Lord of the Isles, for example, which is that
usually worn by H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, has, according to Mr.
Stewart, • never hitherto been faithfully delineated in any previous work,

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46 The Scottish Antiquary ;

nor properly reproduced in any textile fabric of modem manufacture.'
Again he observes, ' It is doubtful if any of the so-called Campbell tartans,
as worn at the present time, were in use earlier than the middle of last
century, while several are of more recent introduction.' Of two powerful
clans he writes, * The tartan now commonly worn by the Drummonds is
likewise claimed by the Grants, the sett of the latter varying only by the
shade of a blue line ; but there is no proof of the early adoption of either
by the families concerned.* Of the Drummond of Strathallan tartan —
perhaps the least attractive in the volume, which is now worn by Ogilvy,
Earl of Airlie, and has come to be known in consequence as the Ogilvy
tartan, it is said 'the appropriation is somewhat extraordinary, because
the Ogilvys possess a fine tartan of their own, which can be traced at
least as far back as last century/ Statements like these imply the pos-
session of both courage and knowledge, and Mr. Stewart gives abundant
evidence throughout the volume that he has both.

The introduction will well repay perusal In form it is a careful piecing
together of the shreds of evidence and of references to original documents
which have been preserved imbedded in the works of authors who hap-
pened to refer to the subject from the end of the i6th century to the
present day.

In essence it is a defence of the antiquity of the highland dress in a
form and of a material not differing much from that now in use. Still,
Mr. Stewart appears to be endowed with a Scot's gift of caution, and
never dogmatises. To those who plead for the antiquity of the kilt he
has rendered signal service in unearthing the words of Thomas Kirk, which
have hitherto been ignored by writers on the subject. He was a York-
shireman who visited Scotland in 1677, keeping a journal of his observa-
tions, and he writes : —

* Here we may note the habit of a Highlander : their doublets are
slashed in the sleeve, and open on the back ; their breeches and stockings
are either all on a piece, and straight to them plaid colour ; or otherwise,
a sort of breeches, not unlike a petticoat, that reaches not so low, by far,
as their knees, and their stockings are rolled up about the calves of their
legs, and tied with a garter, their knee and thigh being naked. On their
right side they wear a dagger, about a foot or half-a-yard long, the back
filed like a saw, and several kinnes (? skeans) stuck in the sheath of it ;
in either pocket a case of iron or brass pistols, a sword about a handful
broad, and five feet long, on the other side, and perhaps a gun on one
shoulder and a sack of luggage on the other. Thus accoutred with a
plaid over the left shoulder and under the right arm, and a cap a-cock, he
struts like a peacock, and rather prides in than disdains his speckled feet'

There is an earlier reference to the kilt by Taylor the Water Poet
(16 1 8); this will be found at page 15, it is too long for insertion here.
A considerable parj: of the introduction is taken up with a discussion
as to the authenticity of Vestiarium Scoticum, Here Mr. Stewart takes
a line of his own, and he rakes fore and aft the famous articles in the
Quarterly Revieiv of June 1847, which he states to have been the work of
the late Professor George Skean of Glasgow University, which inflicted
such deadly injuries on the Sobieskis. This he is enabled to do, partly by
the fortunate discovery of the original correspondence regarding the
authenticity of the Vestiarium between Sir Walter Scott and Sir Thomas
Pick Lauder, in possession of the latter's daughter, and partly as the result

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ar^ Northern Notes and Qi4ertes, 47

of his own researches. Evidently, for all he has yet seen, Mr. Stewart
is inclined to regard the Vesiiarium's claims to authenticity with favour,
although, again, he is very careful in expressing an opinion. His remarks
will most likely re-open a controversy every one regarded as closed. At the
end of the introduction are what Mr. Stewart modestly terms * Notes on
Works treating of Tartans,' which is really a condensed bibliography of the
subject, and most valuable as a guide to those intending to form a
collection. The work is got up from title-page to finish in admirable taste.
One little detail is worth mentioning. The inside paper is a beautiful
design representing the arms of the nine dukes connected with Scotland,
the spaces between being occupied with female figures engaged in
spinning, and the field being strewn with thistles — a highly decorative and
allusive bit of workmanship.

The Underground Life^ by David MacRitchie, Edinburgh. Privately
printed. Mr. MacRitchie has written an exceedingly interesting account
of the underground dwellings found in some parts of Scotland. Such
dwellings are to be met with in England also, and several notices of them
occur in the transactions of Archaeological Societies. Their construction
and size shows their importance, and also that their builders were
possessed of considerable skill. Mr. MacRitchie illustrates his work with
a number of plans, elevations, and photographs, which make it a valuable
contribution to the study of * underground life.'

English Topography, Gentltmatis Magazine Library, London :
Elliot Stock. — We have received the third part, containing the counties of
Derby, Devon, and Dorset. Mr. Gomme, the Editor, has collected from
the Gentlemav^s Magazine such letters, articles, or notices as refer to old
families, buildings, history, etc. It must be allowed that the Gentleman^s
Magazine did much to revive a love for Archaeology, but many of its
contributors were sadly deficient in acumen, and this collection of their
notes contains with what is valuable much that is not worth reproducing.
The reader who bears this in mind will find tlie volume of use as pre-
serving some interesting information.

Holy Wells of England, by Robert Charies Hope, F.S.A., etc.
London : Elliot Stock. — This is a charming volume, and shows a con-
siderable amount of research. We trust Mr. Hope will turn his attention
to Scotland — ^where he will find some holy wells, though not of such
number and interest as those he has described. The subject is one of
interest, for the belief in the curative powers of wells was very ancient and
wide-spread, and it would be interesting to see what connection exists
between the holy wells found in Europe, and the honour bestowed on
wells in the East. Mr. Hope's work is well illustrated.

History and Poetry of the Scottish Border^ by John Veitch, LL.D.
Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood & Sons. — The Scottish
Borders are interesting to the antiquary, the poet, and the student of
history, and Professor Veitch has in two handsome volumes provided
much interesting information. His work supplies a want, for he enables
the reader to understand the various circumstances which have made
Border history and legend so popular. We are carried back to the time

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48 The Scottish Antiquary.

when * that great and ancient forest of Caledon — Coit Celidon — stretched
across the West of Scotland, including Cadzow, portion of Renfrew and
Ayr, and the carses by and beyond the Forth, piercing northwards to the
great plain bounded by the Highland mountains' (p. 14). This forest he
believes to have been far different from what we now style a * deer forest.'
^ Looking now at the ragged thorns and stunted birks and lowly rowans on
the bare hillsides ' of the Border district, * we can hardly fancy that it was
once a forest in the ordinary sense of the word. Yet the evidence is clear
to this effect. David i. in his charter to the Abbey of Selkirk, authorised
the monk to cut wood for building or fuel as freely as he did himself. . . .
It is probable that the higher and more exposed sides and summits were
bare of wood in old times as now, but in the valleys and haughs of the
waters, and well up the hillsides, was found abundance of native trees '
(p. 15). After describing the physical conditions of the district, past and
present, he writes on the ancient inhabitants and place-names. The
chapter on the Arthurian legends is full of interest. The second volume
is chiefly taken up with a history of the poetry of the Borders. The pathos
and beauty of the old Border ballads draw their inspiration from the
legends of the past and the unique charms of the district. Professor
Veitch, as a borderer, regards them with love, and has given a fresh
interest to them by the commentaries with which he has enriched them.
The volumes, handsome and appropriate in appearance, are full of instruc-
tion and of enjoyment.

The Historic Episcopate in the Columban Church and in the Diocese of
Moray^ by the Rev. John Archibald, M.A. Edinburgh : St. Giles Printing
Co. — Of the four hundred pages which make up this book, only thirty
contain an account of the Columban Church. Mr. Archibald is, however,
doubtless wise in thus prefacing the subject which he more fully deals
with, viz. the history of the Diocese of Moray. Many who do not make
themselves masters of the works of Skene or Forbes will the better
understand the later history of Moray when they have had a short account
of what existed before dioceses were established in Scotland. Mr.
Archibald gives an interesting account not only of Elgin, the cathedral
city, but of Kinloss and Pluscardyn monasteries ; fully half of the volume
is taken up with the history of the diocese since the Revolution, and in
connection with the affairs of the Church in the present century is to be
found an account of the Oxford movement, which, it is well to recognise,
had a great effect on the Scottish Episcopal Church. Mr. Archibald
writes in a spirit of fairness. As the book will be read by many who are
not well acquainted with the machinery of the Scottish Episcopal Church,
we think that Mr. Archibald might have added a few explanatory foot-
notes. Thus to the heading * The Restoration of the Scottish Metropolitan '
(p. 357) is appended a resolution of the Diocesan Synod in favour of it —
it should have been explained that it has not been restored by a general
Synod of the Church. We trust that other dioceses will find as able
historians as Mr. Archibald has proved himself.

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Published Quarterly

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BISHOPSGATE, LONDON.

Vol, I. {hoiv ready /or binding). Contents: —

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The Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes and Queries

CONTENTS.

Notes.

525. The Divining Rod.

526. The Groat Tombstone,

527. Play o' de Latliie Odivere, .

528. Foreigners made Denizens, .

529. Canielodune,

530. Brass Branch Lights in Churches^

531. Campbell of Ardchattan,

532. DenhamofWestshields,

533- William Hamilton of Bangour.
534. The Blaw or BldW Family, .
535- Family DeMg nations, .
5361 •ErthupponErth,'

537. 0:d Burgess Tickets, .

538. Dr. Wishart's Will,

539. Artificial Caves at Newbattle and

Hawthomden, .

540. Old Accounts, , .

541. Old Description of Scotland,

542. Old Chest, ....

PACE

53
58
61
62
64
64
64
64
66

67
68
68

70
17
77
78

PA.GB
80

543. Form of Diligence,
; 544. Kirk Session Records, Anstruther
I Wester, . .80

545. Campvere, 80

546. Old Stirling Register, ... 82

547. Cloth Imported from Flanders, . 86

Queries.
CCXLIV. Campbell of Ardeonnig, ,
CCXLV. Peace Tuesday, .
CCXLVI. Forbes of Culloden,
CCXLVII. Smith of Bogend, etc., .
CCXLVIII. Clan M'Ara. . .. .

Replies.
CCXXXV. Glen, Douglas, Home, .
CCXXXIX. Makgill, Adamson, etc. ,
CCXLI. MaitlandofSoltra,
CCXLII. Ross of Balneil.

Notices of Books, . . . .

.87
&7
^7
88
88

88
89
91
95

Note. — The Editor does not hold himself responsible for the opinions

or statements of Contributors.

All Communications to be sent to the Editor of * The Scottish Antiquary^

The Parsonage, Alloa.

525. The Divining Rod. — The claim made by certain persons to
possess the power of finding water by means of the divining rod has
been frequently discussed. I do not venture upon an opinion, but know-
ing the interest the subject has excited, I print a letter, a copy of which
was made in 1834 by my uncle, the late Rev. George Hallen, B.A. (Oxon.),
in a common-place book he kept. He was a careful observer, and noted
whatever interested him.

Mr. Christopher Bancks, to whom the letter was written, was well
known as a most upright and intelligent gentleman ; he resided at Bewdley,
in Worcestershire.

* Orchard Portman, April 6th, 1834.

* Dear Christopher, — Since I passed a few pleasant days with you at
the Heath, I have scarcely been at home more than three days consecu-

VOL. VIII. — NO. XXX. D

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50 The Scottish Antiquary ;

tively ; and my rambles are not yet over, as it will be some time before
I can sit down to recollect myself. Such a life of care and travel would
appear in the eyes of some of the " unco gude " as incompatible with the
right ordering of that great journey which the busy and the idle, the careful
and the thoughtless are all performing together, however different the light
in which they view the objects around them or the nature and end of their
pilgrimage. On my return last night I found your letter of the 28th ulto.,
which gave us to expect dear mother and yourself last week, but a subse-
quent letter from our young Caledonian informed us of the demurrer that
had been put upon your intentions by Mr. J. Banks. We shall be most
happy to see you both, and the pleasure will be much enhanced by seeing
your companion so much restored as our information gives us to expect.
You ask for a written repetition of the phenomena exhibited by the * divin-
ing rod,' as it is called. What I saw was the effect of some mysterious
agent upon a small fork, formed by the last annual shoot of any green
wood, the two extremities of which are made to pass between the two
middle fingers of each hand and held by the fingers and thumb in such a
manner as that the fork at the junction of the twigs shall project before
the holder in an horizontal position. The twig will present the form and
proportion of the separate shoots and the joint that connects them —cm
14 in. or thereabouts. I saw the operation of the twig in the hands of a
farmer whose name is Martin, living at Pennard, near Shepton Mallet.
He is a perfectly honest man, who despises deception and .makes no secret
of his gift, but, on the contrary, requests of the observers the most minute
inspection. Holding the twig in the manner I have described, he walks
over the ground to be examined. And when he comes to a part which
contains beneath a natural channel, or, as it is called, a spring, the twig
twists violently in his hand, so as to render it impossible for him to keep
it in the horizontal position. When I placed him on a board supported
on glass bottles, no effect was produced on the twig, which was also the
case when I made him stand on one leg : I made him hold one end in his
left hand while I took the other shoot in my right ; under this arrangement
the effect was not produced. I then took his right hand in my lefty thereby
forming a circle ; upon this being done the twig immediately twisted, so
that I had by this means the vouch both of touch and sight. I then
formed a circle of all the persons present No effect was produced until
the last person took hold of the right hand of the gifted man ; the circle
then being complete the same effect took place. These experiments
were made by me upon the assumption that the secret agent was of an
electrical or Galvanic nature, an opinion which was confirmed by the
result Martin was ignorant of the object of my experiments, and was
quite surprised that I could suspend his Divinity. My object, of course,
was to remove as much as possible the mystery which hung over the
subject, and to shew its connection with certain known agencies and laws
of nature. A watch spring bent the contrary way of the coil, and held
over the underground watercourse in the same manner as the twig, twists
so violently as to break if firmly grasped. I saw the spring twist about,
and upon asking Martin to hold it firmly he declined doing so, assuring
me that it would break if he did so. A neighbour a few days before
allowed him to try the effect upon a spring of his own, when it broke in
his hand. The same effect is produced both upon the spring and twig
when held over a piece of metal such as half a crown, etc., as I witnessed,

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and the diviner immediately detected the piece of money under one of a
number of hats, but when the operator held the twig or spring with silk
between his fingers the chami was suspended, both with regard to water
and metal. Also when I threw a piece of silk over the money. I think
I told you that the professors of the London University, to whom my
experiments were communicated, pronounced Martin an impostor, and
that I had been deceived. These wise men of the East have since learnt
better, and must now turn their wits to elucidate what they can no longer
deny. The celebrated Hutton wrote against the supposed juggle, but
afterwards witnessed the phenomenon in the hands of a lady of distinc-
tion, and wrote his recantation. So much for divining^ now for a little
Divinity, Seeing there are so many things ih physical nature which we
with our poor and limited senses are incapable of comprehending, how
can we expect to bring within the scope of oUr understanding the nature
of those things which we cannot see or feel or hear. We may be con-
nected, and, in my mind, doubtless are, with things and circumstances
" beyond the limits of our frame," and when God has seen proper to speak
to man upon these hidden subjects, He has required his faith^ and has
often given ground by the performance of miracles for believing that He
who condescends to speak knoweth all things and has power over all.
I draw the following conclusion for the purpose of meeting some observa-
tions which you and many others have made upon certain passages in the
Old Testament which appear to our finite conceptions as unjust, but
which are there alleged to be the commands of God. May not the hard
commands alluded to have such a connection with things unseen as
totally to alter their nature, and what may at some future stage of our
existence be made to appear just and good and merciful when it shall
please the Almighty to reveal to us His divine councils ? Ponder these
things in your mind. We know nothing of the hidden things of God,
we can know nothing in our present state but what He sees proper to
impart He requires our faith, knowing that we cannot understand His
councils "whose thoughts are not as our thoughts," verbum sat. — Ever,
dear Christopher, your faithful friend, T. Falkner.

'Kind love to mother and Annie. Kind love to my Aunt Margaret,
and my little Caledonia.

' Mr. C. P. Bancks, Bewdley, Worcestershire.

* My father,^ who lives near Mr. Bancks, says he knows something of
Mr. Falkner, the writer of the above letter. — G. H.'

526. The Groat Tombstone. — The tombstone of which an illus-
tration is herewith given was found a few months ago under the floor of
the Church of Canisbay, near John o' Groat's House, and by the care of
Rev. James MTherson, minister of the parish, it was successfully photo-
graphed by Mr. Humphrey, photographer, Wick, and is now built into
the wall of the church. The sione is of red sandstone and is six feet four
inches in length, by two feet seven inches in breadth, and four inches in
thickness. The following copy— liable to correction — of the inscription
has been given : * Donald Grot sone to Jhone Grot laid me heir April xiii

* The late George llallen, Esq., J. P., Town Clerk of Kidderminster.

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The Scottish Antiquary ,-

MlKM

day 1568 M.b.L. Lewys and Donolald Grot Jhone Grot and his Donaield
lad and thaar faorbrs. of Donald. Whouse God cald me the xiii day of
April anno Domini m.d.l. 1568.' The inscription is in raised letters. It
would be very interesting could it be proved that the John referred to on
this tombstone is the far-famed John o* Groat. * John o' Groat's Hotel ' now

occupies the site of the famous house.
The guide-books tell the mythical stor>'
that John o' Groat was a Dutchman
who settled here in 1509, and who by
his contrivance in forming an octagonal
room preserved peace among his eight
sons. The following reliable informa-
tion as to the family is not so generally
known, and is furnished from Orig.
Par, Scot, In 1525 John Grot in
Dungasby, chamberlain and bailie of
the Earl of Caithness, gave seisin to
the Trinity Friars in Aberdeen in an
annuity of ten marks from the island of
Stroma. In 1530 Hugh Grot, chaplain,
was mixed up in the slaughter of Wil-
liam Sutherland and others, at Thurso.
In 1546 Donald Grot witnessed the
seisins of certain lands in Sutherland.
In 15*47 John and Hugh Grot had a
remission from Queen Mary for certain
crimes. In 1549 the non-entry of the
lands of Duncasby, said to have been
possessed by the Grots, was granted
by Queen Mary to Laurence Oliphant.
In 1630 we read of David Rany, hus-
band of Issobell Groit, sister of Hugh
Groit of Brabusterdoran. In 1644 all
the lands held by the Grols appear to
have been included in the Earldom of
Caithness. A writer in 1726 says,
* Here (at Duncansbay) is the dwelling-
house of Grott of Wares.' The writer
of the old Stat. Acct. states that the
remains of the oak table had been seen
by many then living. Dr. Macculloch observes that no foundations are
visible, only a piece of green turf as flat and as bare as the back of one's hand.
The same idea was expressed in somewhat different language by a tourist :

I went in a lx)at

To see John o' Groat
The place where his house cloth lie ;

But when I got there

The hill was bare
And the devil a stone saw I.

W. Cramond.

CULLEN.

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OTy Northern Notes and Queries. 53

527. The Play o' de Lathie Odivere. — Introductory Note.—
In the olden times, Orcadians at their convivial meetings amused
themselves by rude dramatical representations, in which lower animals
often appeared on the scene. In these performances the menye-singers
acted the principal part. They were professionals hired to sing, recite, or
act for the entertainment of the company.

This ballad was at one time represented as a drama by the menye-
singers. This fact influenced me in adopting one of its old names, namely,
play, in preference to other names by which the ballad was known — such
as rhyme, ballan, teel. The ballad was always divided into fits, but I
have been told that its divisions were once called by another name, which I
have been unable to discover.

A few stanzas of the ballad appeared in the Transactions of the Scottish
Antiquarian Society, communicated by Captain Thomas, R.N., and heard
by him in Shetland.

It is now well-nigh fifty years since I first heard parts of this ballad, and
for forty years I have been gathering up fragmentary scraps of it from
many old people in different parts of Orkney. But of all my informants,
I owe most to my late accomplished friend Mrs. Hiddleston, a lady who,
while fully appreciating the beauties of modern literature, never forgot the
old tales and scraps of verse heard in the days of her childhood. We
were both much puzzled by the name * Milliegare,* occurring in a line of
her oral version. Both of us at length came to the conclusion that it was
a corruption of Micklegarth, that being the old Norse name of Constanti-
nople. It is right to say, that While the utmost care has been taken to
preserve the original, and to select the best from the versions recited to
me, I have often had to fill in a word, sometimes a line, in order to make
the sense clear or to complete the stanza.

Probably most of the oral verse in Orkney would be lost when the
Norse language was forgotten by the people; and the fragments that
remained in the newly adopted language must have been rude translations
by native bards or menye-singers. While it is therefore unlikely that
we should meet with anything very old in our oral verse ; yet it should
not be forgotten that the Norse and the Scotch languages existed together
for a considerable time in these islands ; and to a considerable extent the
two languages became amalgamated. So that the dialect used by the
peasantry during the eighteenth century may be regarded as Scoto-Norse,
gradually fading into oblivion before the English of the elementary schools.
Without dwelling on this subject, it may be said, that every word in the
ballad added by me has been carefully chosen as the most suitable and
oldest Orkney word I know. If the ballad contains any moral, it is pro-
bably the enforcement of an old belief once current here. The belief that
to swear the Odin oath was sure to bring success to the swearer in the
first place, and was most certain to bring on him bitter disappointment
in the end.

I may say here, it is not likely that Christ is meant by the phrase,
* him that hung on tree '; but rather that Odin is intended.

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THE PLAY OF DE LATHIE ODIVERE.

In Norawa a lathie bed,
A bonnie lass wi muckle gare ;

An' hid wus soothly sung an* said,
Shii wus a lathie sweet an' fair.

They cam fae aest an* wast i' pride,
An' some cam sailan ower ae sea ;

An* a' tae win her for a bride ;
Bit never a bride wad de lathie be.

Shii bad dem gang heeme an* mend deir
clais,

Dat dey had worn in comin' sae far ;
Shu ca*d dem fiils, shll ca*d dem flaes,

Set stooks on dem, an* gae dem a skar.

Der wis a man baith stoor an' Strang,
An* he wUs neemed Odivere ;

He lo'ed de sword, he lo'cd de sang.
Bit aye he lo'ed de lasses main

Dis Odivere fell on his knee,
An* vooed a voo apo* his life,

An* swore bae Him dat hang on tree,
Tae mak dis lathie fair his wife.

He *s coorted her, he *s waded her ;

An* dey wUr blyth an* blissfu* bailh ;
An* aye he bragged near an* far.

He wan his wife bae Odin*s aith.

He 's left her i* his boorly ha*,
A greelan sare dat dolefu* day ;

Tae Guthaland he 's geen awa*,
Dae muckle pagan loons tae slay.

As he cam back fae Guthaland
I' Muckle Gerth he bed a while ;

An' foys an* fiechtins hed tae hand
For lathies fair dUd him beguile.

At Muckle Gerth he terried lang,—
Black sight on him, for biddan dare !

While sat i* dool her maids amang
"Wi* tearfu* ee his lathie fair.

An* aft shU boonied hersel sae bra*.
An* aft her gouden hair wad keem.

An* dan luk ower de castle wa*
Tae see her ain gude-man co* heem.

An* aye shii looked an* lipened lang.
For minay a dowie day an* year ;

Bit Odivere, he dUd no come,
Nor word o* Oddie could shii hear.

Second Fit.

Ae enen i* the mirkin o*d,
A stately knight cam tae her ha* ;

Fu lood he chapped on de yet
An* loodly at de yet dud ca*.

* A boon, a boon ! ye porter loon.

Bed me dis nicht within your ha'.
Me vista's Ling, the nicht is mirk.
An' heem an' haudin far awa'.'

* Begone, begone, awa, awa !

Tae bed ye here, that may no' be ;
Nae stranger slecj^s within dis ha',
While me gude lord's ayont de sea.*

*Gin ye wad no find de weight o' me
hand,
Gae tell your lathie mistress fair,
Dat I hae come fae Guthaland,
' An' bare her word o' Odivere.'

De yet wus apened at his word ;

An' baldly strode he i' de ha' ;
An' de women roon him said,

A stoorer knight dey never saw.

An* he *s taen alT his silken cap,
An* he *s geen doon apo his knee.

An' he 's laid a goud rmg on de lalhie's
lap,
Dat shii was unco fain tae see.

* A token fae dee husband dear,

I bring tae dee mae lathie fair ;
I left him weel, i' jolly cheer ;
H^y ca him noo, Sir Odivere.

* An' weel he 's win his knight's degree,

Bae slaying miny a soldier stoor,
An* mackan hosts o* pagans flee.
Afore his sword sae sharp an* door.'

Whin shii de gouden ring hed seen,
Shu tUk nae tent o* what he said ;

Bit drew her kerchief ower her een ;
An* colour fae her fair face fled.

Bit syne her bonnie face grew bright.
An blithely blinked her bonnie ee.

* Rise up, rise up, ye valyent knight,

For uncons gude ye bring tae me.

' A stately bulie i* de ha*.

Poo oot de best o' blude reed wine,
Wi' futh o' a' dats gude an bra',

Dal dis brave knight fu weel may dine.'

An' miny a teel he tald dat nicht,
O' tulyes foucht for lathies fair ;

An' a* aboot dat worthy wight,
r Guthaland, Sir Odivere.

He minted aye, to he never said.

An skeeted aye i' ilka teel,
Dat Odivere wus a rovin bled.

An liked de lasses ower weel.

An* whin de bUlie wus fairly dUn,
An' a* de servents gaen tae bed.

An' de twa dem sels wur left alane,
De lathie tae de stranger said :

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' Why bring ye back dat gouden ring,
Dat brings tae me sare dool an* pain,

Dat minds me o* de blithsam days,
Whin I o* dee wus ower fain ?*

' Ve ken, fair dame, tae me aye dear,
Lang syne ye gae dat ring; tae me ;

An* on dis ring V de mUn hcht clear,
Ye swUre forever mine tae be.

' An' I i* dool hae geen sin syne,
A lanely man on land an* sea ;

An* never a face hae seen bit dine,
Dat I could speer me wife tae be.*

' Noo wheesht, noo wheesht, ye faus
tongued knight.
Your words will wark me muckle
skaith,
Tu* weel ken ye, what sindered is ;
Hid wus de dowie Odin's aith.*

He *s taen her white hand i* his stately
nave;

An' fain was shU an* fain was he ;
What happened neest, ye need no speer ;

In sooth I wus no dare tae see.

The knight's awa i' de momin* gray.
He b^ no for a fare weel foy, —

What nae bothie kens nae bothie can
say;
Bit de lathies left i* peerie joy.

Her bonnie een blinked no sae bright.
Her reed an* white grew white an*
gray;

An* ilka day shil wised for nicht.
An* ilka nicht shU wised for day.

Third Fit.

I heard a lathie ba'an her bairn ;

An* aye shtl rockit, an* aye shti sang.
An* teuk sae hard apo* de verse.

Till de hert within her bothie rang.

* Ba loo, ba loo, me bonnie bairn,

Ba lo lillie, ba loo lay.
Sleep do, me peerie bonnie budo !
Doo little kens dee mither*s wae.

' Aloor I I dinno ken dee faither,
Aloor, aloor ! me waefu' sin 1

I dinno ken me bairn's faither,
Nor yet de land dat he lives in.

< Aloor! aloor! ca*d sail I be
A wicked woman bae a* men,

Dat I, a married wife, soud hae
A bairn tae him I dUnno ken.*

Dan ap an* spak a grimly gest,
Dat stud sae lech at her bed feet,

* O here am I, dee bairn's faither,

Alto I'm no' dee husband sweet.*

' Me bairn*s faither I ken do are,
Na luve sae sweet I 'U ever hae ;

An* yet I hae a eude, gude man,
Dats far awa tae me dis day.'

' I care no for dec wadded carl,

I wus his face I '11 never see,
Bit whin sax munt is come an' gaen,

I *11 come an* pay de noris fee.

* Hids no* be said doo tint bae me,

A bodle wirt o* warly gare,
Sae whin I come, doos get dee fee,
An' I me bairn tae 1)e me heir.*

' Noo, for de luve I bUr tae dee,
A luve dats brought me muckle sheem,

O tell me whar dee heem may be,
An* tell me true dee vera neem ?*

* San Imravoe hid is me neem ;

I gong on land ; an* sweem on sea ;
Amang de ranks o' selkie folk
I am a yarl o* hich degree.

' I am a man apo' de land,

I am a selkie i* de sea;
Me heem it is de Soola-Skerry,

An* a* dats dare is under me.

' Mair or a thoosan selkie folk,
Tae me a willan sarvice gae ;

An' I am king o* a' de folk,
An* la* tae dem is what I say.*

' O who can dco de bairn tak.
An* who can doo de bairn save ?

I* dee cald heem doo'l only mak
De grimby sea me bairn's grave.*

' Me peerie bairn I *11 safely ferry,
To I hae nather ship or skift,

Wi' muckle care tae Soolis-Skerry,
Afore de sin *s hich i* de lift.'

' Bit who sail I me young son ken,—
An' who sail I me bairn know ? '

O' a* de selkies i' Soolis-Skeny
He *s be de middlemist o' dem a*.

* His megs sail a* be black as seut.

His croopan white as driven snaw.
An* I beside him, like the sam'
I wus tae dee i* times awa*.'

' Me ain gudeman a warrior prood,
An' aye a stival nave his he;

An* he may prick or club me bairn.
When he *s a selkie i* de sea.'

' I fear no dat, I fear bit dis,

Dat cockra comes an* iiands me here ;
Bit come what may, I come agen.

An' fetch me bairn i' ae half year.

* For dan he 'U be a seeveneth stream,

An* dan a man agen I *11 be.
An' tak me bonnie peerie bairn
A* tae de boons o' Soolis-Skerrie.

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Whin de sax munts were come an' geen,
He. cam' tae -pay de noris fee ;

The tane o' his hands wus fu' o* gowd,
De tither fu* o' white monie.

De lathie's taen a gowden chain,
Her wadin boon fae Odivere,

Shii tied hid roon her bairn*s hars,
Hid for her sake shU bade him wear.

' I 'm come tae fetch me bairn awa ;
Fare weel, for doo'r anithers wife. *

* I wad dee wi* a gowden ring,

An' bide beside dee a' me life. '

* Doo wad no*, whin I wad gude wife ;

I winno, whin doo'r willan noo,
Dat day doo tint doo'l never fiand ;
He 's late, he 's ower late tae rue.'

De lathie lived a lanely life,

An' aften looks apo de sea,
Still lipenan her first luve tae fiand.

Bit jubish dat can never be.

The Fourth Fit.

Sae Odivere's come heem ageen,
Wi' muckle store o' warly gare ;

An' he, his lathie, an' his men,
Mak helliedays wi' billies rare.

Dey danced an' sang, dey tald deir teels ;

An' syne sat doon tae drink an' dine,
Wi' joles o' flesh, fuman cogs,

An' wallie horns o' bliid reed wine.

Ac day says Oddy tae his men,

* I doobt gin here we laneer link.
We '11 a' grow fat as butter oas ;

An dee wi' fouth o' maet an' drink.

' Hid 's weel enouch a peerie while ;

I kinno thole it lang ava,
Lets hunt de otters on de shore.

An' start de mom at blink o' da.'

Dev hunted otters on de shore,

A selkie ran oot o' a geo ;
An' Odivere he teuk no lang

Tae fell him wi' a mester blow.

Den oot an' spak, een o' his men,

* Far hae I sailed an' muckle seen,
Bit never gowd on selkie's hars.

Till noo I see 'd ¥d' baith me een.'

Dae bilr de selkie tae de ha ;
• An' never a word said Odivare,
His face wis bleck an' lowed his een.
To he dud nather ban or sware.

• Co' doon, co' doon I Lathie Odivare

Co' dooni an' see me farly fang.
Ye 's read tae me dis riddle rae,
-By a' -de cants dat ever sang ! *

De lathie shti cam doon tae see, *
Dey meed sae muckle steer,

* Here *s de gowd chain ye got fae me,

Tell me gude wife, whoo cam hid
here?'

' Aloor, aloor ! me bonnie bairn,
Mc bairn ! what am I born tae see ?

Me malisen be on de hand
Dats wroucht dis deed o' bliid on
dee!'

Dat lathie wi' her torn hair,
Shii wUs a dolefu' sicht tae see.

Her greetin' lood an' saban sair,
Her erms aroond de deed selkee.

*Your bairn! gudewife, nae bairn o'
mine,

An' yet ye wur me wedded wife,
I doobt, whin I 've been far fae heem.

Ye 'r led a wicked woman's life.*

* An' gin I be dee wedded wife,

A wedded man wur doo tae me ;
Ye left me tae a lanely life,
An' bed lang years ayont de se^.'

' I left dee wi' baith lands an' gare,
An' meed dee mistress o' deem a',

An' toucht doo wad be true tae me.
As I tae dee whin far awa.'

* Black sight apo' dee lands an' gare !

Doo little kens a woman's hert,
Tae tink de gift o' warldy gare,
Is a' de lovin' husband's pert. '

' Whin doughty deeds wur tae be diln,
Hid wad hae been a bonnie pass,

Hed I line heem to culye dee,
An' bore me fingers i' dee ass !

' I could no' thole a slugerd life,
An' lathie I would hae dee ken.

Whin I tiik dee tae be me wife,
I diid no' want a cluckan hen.'

' Gin I can cluck, saul doo can craw,
Ower a' dee deeds wi' wom.en diin ;

Hoo ilka bonilie winch doo saw,
Doo coorted her an' ca'd hid fun.

' Bit ae deed bairn, aloon h$ie I !

An' ^f dis deed wils wrang i* me,
Hoo mmy bairns his doo tae sha,

Hoo true a man doo 's been tae me ?

* Could I no' tak what cam tae me^

Tae temp me i' me langsam life,
While doo wilr skalan frank an' free
De dearest tocher o' a wife ? '

* Ye lee, ye lee, ye leean limmer !

Whar er we drank abilne dem a*.
Dee weelJard face I tosted ave
An' ibucht wi'.him dat saia me na.

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* An' whin T battle's sairest pall,

Me hert grew Strang, whin mest out-
moucht
Bae tinkin' on me loavin* wife —
Dat shii wUs faus I little toucht.

' Wi' selkie folk do 's led a life !

Awa ye limmer slut fae me 1
I wad no hae dee for a wife,

For a* de gowd i* Christindee ! '

Shu's whiped de chain fae de selkie's
hars,
An' waped hid on Odie's croon,

* Gae tak ye that, ye ill-tongued tike,

An' keep hid for a pertin boon ! *

De lathie dey pat i' a hich, hich toor,
Wi' nac sweet licht, trow hole or bore ;

Dey hae geen her meal an' water dare,
An' steeked fest de iron door.

The Fifth Fit.

The Ting has passed her awfu' doom,
Dat for her fats an' sinfu' deed,

Shu s'ud be taen an* brunt tae ass',
Withoot or mercy or remeed.

* Aloor, aloor I de doolfu' day !

Aloor ! what am I born tae see ?
I' de reed haet fire \ man be brunt !
O waes me hert an' wais me.

* O gin me faither been i' life.

He wad hae doorly foucht for me !

Deid mither's ghest wul doo no come

An' set thee doolfu' douchter free ?

* Whin I lay on dee cother breest

An' doo dee peerie bairn dUd rli«,
Doo little toucht dee bocnie bairn
Wad be a cinder i* de ass* ! '

Than up an' spak San Imravoe,
An' a lood an' wallie cry gae he ;

' Ye selkie folk, tae Norawa
Ca a* de whals i* de Nort Sea ! *

De day afore dat lathie fair
Wus tae be brunt wi* muckle woe,

A cry was raised aroond de ha* :
* Whals, whals ! i* ilka bey an' voe. '

Dan Oddivere an* a* his men
Ran tae de ca' wi' muckle speed ;

An' dare wus rowin', rootin', yowlin',
An' noise dat micht hae raised de deed.

Dey rowed an' rooted a* de day.
Bit never a whal got for der pains,

An' i' de mirkin', heem dey geed
Wi* swcean laevs an' tiftan banes.

An' whin dat dae cam tae de ha',
Dey got a gluf ye may be sllr, .

For ilka door stUd apen wide,
An' de door o' de toor lay on de fliir.

An' dey ran ap, an' dey ran doon.
An' glowered aboot wi' a' deir een ;

De lathie fair wiis clean awa',
An' never mair bae mortal seen.

An' Oddivere 's a lanely man
An' weary o' his sicker skathe ;

An' aye an* sare he rues de day
He ever tllk de Odin aith.

Tae menye-singers tanks we gae,
Tae menye-singers drink we a' ;

WUr foys dey wiir no wirt a strae,
Withoot der sangs an* ballans bra.

W. T. D.

GLOSSARY OF OLD WORDS IN PRECEDING LINES.

Aloor^ alas ! an ex-
clamation of sor-
row.

AtOy although.

AtaCy unto.

Bae^ by. .

Bain {a as in last

syllable of papa)^

singing a lullaby.
Ballin (a as in shalt)^

throwing stones at

anything.
Bed, abode, lived.
BU, but.
Boorly^ large, stately,

applied to a house.

BooniCy to prepare,
to fit out, to aress,
to tidy up.

Bothie, body.

Biiliey a banquet.

Biir^ bore.

Croopan^ the trunk
of the body of man
or lower animal.

Cock-era^ cock-crow.

Culyty to cuddle.

Z)^, the.

DaCy they ; sometimes

in text dty,
Deir^ their.

Der^ there.
Doty that.
Deniy them.
Disy this.
Dudy did.
DoOy .thou.

Eenifty evening.

Foy, a feast.
FcUs, faults. .
Foe, from.

Footh, a large quan-
tity.
J^oothsy a great many.
Faifty Ifond. ^ .

Fumaity foaming as
in text; llso stream-
ing.

Farlie^ a wonder,
anything strange.

Fatigy anything taken
in hunting or fish-
ing, <

Guthalandy the Holy
Land, literally
God*s land.

Geo^ a cave or small
creek on the sea-
shore.

Glufy a sudden fright,
a -surprise causing

. fearv

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Hid, it.

Hed, had.

Hti he or she was
often used instead
of it, there being
of old no neuter
gender.

Heliedaysy holidays.

Is, us; also used as
in English.

Jitbish, to be doubt-
ful of, and yet to
suspect the occur
rence of an event.

JoUs or jules^ lai^e
pieces of meat ;
figuratively large
and clumsy.

Lathie, lady.
M

Mickel' Gerik , Con-
stantinople.

Afe, my; also the
same as in English.

Minted, meant, in-
sinuated.

MUn^ the moon.

MigSf the fore paws
or fins of a seal.

Mact, meat.

Menye-singers^ men
or women^ who
sung or recited at
convivial meetings.
Menyt means a
company or party.

Nave, the fist or

hand.
NoHsfee, nurse's fee.
Nether, neither.

Ootnioucht, exhaust-
ed by hunger or
hard labour, or, as
in text, by hard
fighting.

Pecrie, little.

Pall, a great diffi-
culty not easily
overcome. The
word is still used in
the verbal form, as
'lam fairly palled.'

Reed, red.
Rootin, roaring.

Shu, she.

Skar, a fright.

Stocks, frowns, stern
looks.

Siln, soon.

Skeeted, insinuated ;
threw out covered
hints against the
parly spoken of.

SUidered, sundered.

Selkie, a seal.

Sin, the sun. Sun
and son always
pronounced the
same.

Stival, stiff; in a
loose way, strong.

Sae, so.

Sall^ the soul; the
word is used in
text as was com-
mon in form of an
oath, and means,
' upon my soul *.

Skailan, scattering.

Sweean, smarting.

Sicker, severe ; not
secure as in Scotch.

Tae, to.

Teel, tale.

Tullye, V. to fight,

n, a fight.
l^oe, though.
lint, lost.
Tlr'if^, Thing; that is,

the law-court.
Tiftan, aching.

P'istie (sometimes
vista), a journey.

Wtis, was.

Wur^ were, also our.

Whin, when.

IVad, would, also

wade and wed,
Whoo, how.
Weelfard, well-

favoured.
Whiped, snatched.
Wafed, flung with

violence.

Yet, gate.

W. Traill Dennison.

528. Foreigners made Denizens (continued from vol, y\\\,^page 14). —

Nicholson, John, from Scotland, loth Feb. 1567. (Pat 9 Eliz., p. 3,

m. 39.)
Nicholson, John, from Scotland, ist May 1585, {Pat 27 Eliz., p. 16,

ni. I.)
Norrey, Richard, from Scotland, married to an English woman. In

England 32 years, 14th April 1541. {Deniz. Roll^ 32 Hen. 8.)
Parker, (?) John, from Scotland, having an English wife. In England

15 years, 14th April 1541. {Deniz, Roily 32 Hen. 8.)
Paterson, John, a Scotchman, ist July 1544. {Westm, Denis. Roll, 36

Hen. 8.)
Patisen, Davye, * borne in Orkeney, and hath wyff and children Englysshe,'

i8th April 1542. {Pat 33 Hen. 8, p. 9, m. 44.)
Peerson, alias Pereson, Robert, from Scotland, 4th March 1514. {Pat 5

Hen. 8, p. 2, m. 23.)
Penven, John, clerk. Master of Arts from Scotland, 33 {sic) Oct. 1539.

Pat 31 Hen. 8, p. 6, m. 36. 23rd Oct. 1589 {sic). {Pat 31 Hen. 8,

p. 4, m. 41.)
Pierson, Peter, * Scott, havying wyff and children Englysshe,' i8th April

1542. {Pat 33 Hen. 8, p. 9, m, 44.) Peter Person, fisher, age

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52, has 2 children. Suitor for letters of denization. {Cecil MSS.,
No. 297.)
Pierson, Rowland, from Scotland, 15th Jan. 1565. (Fa/, 7 Eliz., p. 8,

ni. 13.)
Ramsey, Andrew, from Scotland, 27th Jan. 1579. (Fa/, 21 Eliz., p. 7,

m. 26.)
Ramsey, John, gentleman, from Scotland, i8th Nov. 1574. (Fa/. 17

Eliz., p. 4, m. 3.)
Ramsey, Richard, labourer, a 'northern man, born in Inglond as he
thinketh and beleivith, but by cause some layeth to his charge to be
a Scott desireth to be a denyson,' ist July 1544. {Wesim, Dtniz,
Roll, 36 Hen. 8), nth July 1544. {Deniz. Roll, 36 Hen. 8.)
Ramsey, William, singleman, aged 30 years. * Knowlegyth that he ys an
Inglyshman, yet for as muche as he notyd to be a Scot he prayeth
to be denyzen,' ist July 1544. {Westm. Deniz. Rolls, 36 Hen. 8.)
nth July IS44- {Deniz. Rolls, 36 Hen. 8.)
Redde, James, from Scotland, 31st Oct. 1534. {Fat 26, Hen. 8, p. i,

m. 22.)
Robertson, Mathew, clerk, from Scotland, ist May 1565. {Fat 7 Eliz.,

p. 9, m. 41.)
Robinson, Barnard, from Scotland, unmarried. In England 20 years,

14th April 1541. {Deniz. Roll, 32 Hen. 8.)
Robinson, John, from Scotland. Married to an Englishwoman. In

England 30 years, 14th April 1541. {Deniz. Roll, 32 Hen. 8.)
Robynson, Michael, Scotsman, 20th Oct. 1557. {Fat 4 and 5 Phil, and

Mary, p. n, m. 35.)
Rosse, Andrew^ from Scotland, 3d June 1586. {Fat 28 Eliz., p. 4, m.

36.)
Russell, John, from Scotland, 21st May 1565. {Fat. 8 Eliz., p. 8, m. 13.)
Sampson, James, borne in Orkeney, having [a wife] an'd children Englysshe,
i8th April 1542. {Fat 33 Hen. 8, p. 9, m. 44.) James Sampson,
a fisherman, aged 62 years. In England 38 years. Has 3 children.
Suitor for Letters of Denization. {Cecil MSS.y No. 297.)
Saunders, Nicholas, 'fissher Scott, havynge a wyff and children Englysshe,'
i8th April 1542, {Fat 33 Hen. 8, p. 9, m. 44.) Nicholas Saunders,
aged 42 years. In England 33 years. Has 5 children. Suitor for
Letters of Denization. {Cecil MSS., No. 297.)
Saunderson, James, fisherman, aged 56 years. Born in Scotland, married
to an English woman, has 4 children. In England 39 years. Suitor
for Letter of Deniz. 1542. {Cecil MSS., 297.)
Saunderson, Peter, from Scotland, 6th June 1586. {Fat 28 Eliz., p. i,

m. 35)
Scott, Frauncys, l>orn in Edinborough in Scotland, now m service with the

Bishop of Worcester, ist July 1544. {Westm, Deniz. Roll, 36

Hen. 8.)
Scott, William, from Scotland, 29th Jan. 1584. {Fat 26 Eliz., p. 12,

m. 39.)
Sincler, John, from Scotland, 26th May 1573. {Fat 15 Eliz., p. 12, m. 30.)
Smythe, George, from Scotland, 6th March 1577. Fat 19 Eliz., p. 3,

m. 39-)
Smyth, John, fisherman, born in Scotland, aged 39 years. In England
23 years. Married to an Englishwoman, has 5 children. Suitor for
Letter of Deniz. 1542. {Cecil MSS., No. 279 [?].)

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Smyth, Nicholas, from Scotland, had lived 50 years at Canterbury and

elsewhere in England, 12th Jan. 1514. {Pat 5 Hen. 8, p. 2, m. 10.)

Smythe, Robert, from Scotland, 1st June 1570. {PaL 12 Eliz., p. 4, m.

34.)
Smyth, Robert, from Scotland, 6th Feb. 1574. {PaU 16 Eliz., p. 13, m. 8.)
Smyth, William, from Scotland, nth June 1573. {Pat 15 Eliz., p. 12,

m. 30.)
Snype, Roland, from Scotland, 28th Aug. 1562. {Pat 4 Eliz., p. 11,

m. 9.)
Stephanson, Thomas, of the city of London, * loke ' from Scotland, 6th

Dec. 15 18. {Pat 10 Hen. 8, p. 2, m. 23.)
Stephyson, William, from Scotland, 27th March 15 14. {Pat 5 Hen. 8,

p. 2, m. 25.)
Steward, James, of * Lowike,' otherwise Rector of Wilton, from Scotland,

3d Nov. 1523. {Pat, 15 Hen. p. i, m. 5.)
Storye, John, from Scotland, 13th Jan. 1567. {Pat, 9 Eliz., p. 3. m. 41.)
Storye, Roger, from Scotland, 20th June 1672. {Pat, 14 Eliz., p. 8, m. 4.)
Sutherland, John, from Scotland, 6th May 1573. {Pat 15 Eliz., p. 12,

m. 30-)
Sympson, John, from Scotland, 2nd Sept. 1517. {Pat, 9 Hen. 8, p. 2, m.

Tate, James, from Scotknd, 8th May 1564. {Pat, 6 Eliz., p. 11, m. 19.)

Thompson, Henry, from Scotland, 29th March 1566. {Pat, 8 Eliz., p. 6.
m. 36.)

Thomson, Thomas, from Scotland, 7th May 15 13. {Pat, 5 Hen. 8, p. i,
m. 10.)

Thompson, Thomas, from Scotland, 13th Jan. 1567. {Pat, 9 Eliz., p. 3,
m. 40.)

Thompson, William, from Scotland, 1574. {Pat, 15 Eliz., p. 13, m. 7.)

Thorneton, Alexander, from Scotland, i8th June 1571. {Pat, 13 Eliz.,
p. 2, m. 38.)

Troy nam, Edward, a Scot. In England 26 years. Married to an English-
woman, 9 children, 4 alive. One of *your grace's servants which
desire to be denizens without paying anything therefor,' 1542. {Cecil
MSS., 279.)

Twythy, James, from Scotland, 28th May 1566. {Pat 8 Eliz., p. 6, m.

37.)
Tyndall, Robert, from Scotland, 29th June 1572. {Pat 14 Eliz., p. 8,

m. 13.)
Walker, Alexander, of the Parish of St. Andrews, London, tailor, bom in

. the County of * Athay ' in Scotland, 13th April 1541. {Signet BillSy

April 1 54 1, No. 20.)
Walker, Alexander, of the parish of St. Martins within Ludgate, in the city

of I-,ondon. From Scotland, i6th Dec. 1560. {Pat, 3 Eliz., p. 4,

m. 5.)
Walker, Henry, from Scotland, 3d July 1568, {Pat, 10 Eliz., p. 5, m.

33-)
Whittell, James, a Scotchman. In England 20 years, ist July 1544.
. {Westm, JDeniz. Jioliy 36 Hen. 8.) nth July 1544 {Deniz, KoU^ 36

Hen 8.).
Williamson, Adam, priest and Bachelor in Sacred Theology in the Diocese

of Glaj!gow, from Scotland, i6th Feb. 15 17. {Pat, 8 Hen. 8, p. 2.)

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Williamson, Gilbert, from Scotland. In England 20 years. 14th April

1 541. (Deniz, Roily 32 Hen. 8.)
Williamson, John, from Scotland, married to an English woman. In

England 10 years. 14th April 1541. {Deniz, Roily 32 Hen. 8.)
Williamson, John, from Scotland, 3d May 1564. {Pat 6.Eliz., p. 11,

m. 19.)
Willoch, John, from Scotland, 7th Dec. 1586. {Pat 29 Eliz., p. 12,

m. 28.)
Wylson, Alexander, from Scotland, 23d June 1572. {Pat, 14 Eliz., p. 8,

m. 4.)
Wilson, John, from Scotland, having an English wife. In Englanid 20

years. 14th April 1541. {Deniz, Roily 32 Hen. 8.)
Wilson, Robert, from Scotland, not married. In England 10 years. 14th

April 1 541. {Deniz. Roily 32 Hen. 8.)
Wilson, Thomas, from Scotland, 2nd Oct. 1596. {Pat 38 Eliz., p. 10,

m. 30.)
Wodirspone, John, from Scotland, 30th Dec. 1561. {Pat, 3 Eliz., p. 13,

m. 32.)
Younge, Gilbert, from Scotland, 24th April 1567. {Pat, 9 Eliz., p. 3,

m. 40.)

Probably Scotsmen,

Conyngham, David, 29th Oct. 1550. {Pat 4 Edw. 6, p. 4, m. 3.)

Duglas, John, 29th Oct. 1550. {Pat 4 Edw. 6, p. 4, m. 6.)

Edger, Peter, 29th Oct. 1550. {Pat 4 Edw. 6, p. 4, m. 5.

Logye, Robert, Master of Arts, priest. A Frenchman, and a preacher here

4 years, ist July 1544. {Westm, Deniz. Roily 36 Hen. 8.) [See

Logye, Rob., above.)
Rosse, Peter, nth July 1544. {Deniz, Roll, 36 Hen. 8.)
Steward, James, loth March 1552. {Pat 6 Edw. 6, p. 4, m. i.)
Steward, John, nth July 1544. {Deniz, Roily 36 Hen. 8.)
Story, James, 29th Jan. 155 1. {Pat, 5 Edw. 6, p. 6, m. 2.)

529. Camelodune. — In his History of ScotlandySoX, i. p. 98, Burton says,
* The great glory of the Roman remains in Scotland was, however, Arthur's
oon or oven in Stirlingshire, on the banks of the small river Carron, near the
present town of Falkirk.* After a description of it, he states that Nennius,
who has little else to say about Scotland, identifies it clearly, saying that
it was built by Carrausius when he established an empire in Britain. In a
note, the building stood north of the Roman Wall of Antonine, also the
considerable town of Camelon close beside it. He states that Hector
Boece enlarges on it, and preposterously attributes it to Julius Caesar !
'I'his may be true of the original edition of Boece in the Latin language,
but it certainly is not so stated in the metrical version, where we find it
described as a 'Temple biggit by Vespasian in Claudius* day.* This
statement may be equally ridiculous; very probably both are wrong.
Boece says that there was an image and inscription on the Temple, both
destroyed by Edward i., and the words Arthur's Houfe or Hall written
instead, the object of the English king in this and other like instances
being to throw the ancient history of the kingdom into confusion. This
seems quite credible conduct of him on whose tomb in Westminster Abbey
is inscribed the epitaph * Malleus Scotorum.'

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62 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Camelodune, variously spelled in the metrical version, is frequently
mentioned : first in the legendary narrative during the Roman rule at the
time of Agricola, also in a.d. 351, when Melan, king of the Picts, having
been defeated by Angus, king of the Scots, took refuge in it. Also 843, at
the defeat of the Picts by Kenneth MacAlpine, Camelodune was taken
and destroyed, the Picts and Queen taking refuge in the Maiden Castle
built on a crag in the Lothian s.

The editor of the metrical version finds fault with Boece for placing
Camelodune in Scotland, stating that it was in England, now the modern
town of Doncaster. The author of the lately published work Early
Britain on the other hand, says that Camelodunum was the chief place of
Cuenobolin, afterwards a Roman station, a colony being established there,
and that Colchester in Essex now occupies the situation. This is the
common opinion, but in rather a rare book, Enf^land Displayed^ first
published 1626 and again 1769, it is stated : * In the county of Essex there
was a station founded by Ostorius the Roman general about a.d. 50,
where now stands Maldon. Thus Maldon in England and Camelon in
Scotland may both be traced from the old name Camelodune. The
explanation of why two places of the same name should be found in two
different kingdoms, and in places so far apart, is given in the work, Early
Culture in Scotland^ by D. Mackinnon, lately published, p. 55. The
gods whom the Druids worshipped were identified by Caesar with their
own divinities. Mercury, Apollo, Mars, Jupiter and Minerva.

Mars as Caturix the battle king, and as Camulos, to whom Camulo*
dunnm, the capital of the Trinobantes, and other places were dedicated,
and who is recognisable in an inscription to Mars Camulus, which has
been found along the Roman Wall, between the Forth and the Clyde.

The moral to be drawn from this story seems to be, What is truth in
history ? It seems very unkind the way some of our old historians are
treated, especially Boece ; he is ridiculed and accused of invention, as for
instance the battle of Lancarty by Burton, and the various Danish
invasions of Scotland before Malcolm Caenmore. By Lord Hailes he is
blamed for fabricating ridiculous stories regarding the descent of the
Stewarts from Fleance and the Welsh princess. The same account is
given by Buchanan. As to the truth, that is a matter of opinion ; but it is
given as a matter of fact without any embellishment by them, as any
one may read and judge for themselves. Senex.

530. Brass Branch Lights in Churches. — A letter on this subject
by a writer who did not give his name lately appeared in the Scotsman, In
this the brass hanging chandeliers in the restored Cathedral of Dunblane
were attacked as vulgar in design and unsuitable to the building and standard
chandeliers, or more correctly gasaliers, were declared to be far superior. I
need not defend the design of these branches. The architect who has so ad-
mirably converted the long roofless ruin once more into a house of prayer is
well known, not only for his careful and loving handling of the relics of the
past, but for his excellent taste which cares for the fittings of the fabrics he
takes in hand. I would write, however, a few words on the antiquity and
propriety of hanging brass branches. Church restorers in England in the
middle of this century destroyed in their mistaken zeal much that has now
to be deplored. Hanging brass branches were ruthlessly taken down and
sold for old metal, and were replaced by standard coronas, many of which

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were of exceedingly feeble design. As these were and are supplied ready
made by church decorators, they are often utterly out of harmony with the
architecture and fittings of the churches they give light to, and have a
mean and tawdry appearance, contrasting with the massive and often
graceful hanging branches they displaced. Probably few of these were of
very great age, for the greed and ignorance of many of the churchwardens
of the last century were as destructive as the zeal and ignorance of church
* restorers (?) ' of our own day. But though but few old specimens may
have survived the consecutive attacks of greedy ignorance and ignorant
zeal, it is certain that brass hanging branches were in use at an early
period, and became common when the Reformation provided services for
the people, in which they, with the help of prayer-books, could take part.
Before the Reformation, altar lights, either standards before the altars, or
candlesticks placed on them, were sufficient. After the Reformation it
became necessary to light the body of the church, and so we find from
the Churchwardens' accounts of the parish of St. Michael, Cornhill,
Lx>ndon, that a lanthorn was provided, evidently fitted with horn instead
of glass, to protect the candles from the draughts which abounded.

* 1564. Paide for skoring and making cleane of the greate lantern for

the church, iiijd.

Paid for skoring and making cleane of the lantern

homes, ijd.

Paid for a rope of xxx*' yards long to hange the greate

lanterne in ye myddeste of ye church, . xijd.'

Sixteen years later this primitive chandelier gave place to one more
artistic : —

*i58o. Paide for a latten (brass) braunche and a poolye for the
church, xxs.*

— equal to about fifteen pounds of our present money. Entries for the
repair and cleaning of brass * branches ' are common in the old accounts
of churchwardens in England. Nor were they unknown in Scotland. An
article on *Kirk candlesticks at Montrose and Brechin,' in Willis's
Current Notes for October 1854, states: 'The earliest were made of wood;
and when metal came into use, they were made of various and elegant
designs, of which those now suspended from the roofs of the parish
churches of Montrose and Brechin are very good specimens. These are
both made of brass, and that at Montrose is about four feet in height. It
consists of a large globe and shaft surmounted by an elegant moulding of
an angel with outstretched wings resting on a dolphin. It has sixteen
branches, divided into two rows of eight each, the lower row about twenty-
four inches from the shaft, the upper about eighteen inches.' An in-
scription round the globe states that it was given in 1623 by Richard
Clark, a native of Montrose, and at the time Vice-Admiral to the King of
Sweden. The Brechin chandelier is described as being somewhat smaller.
It may be said that the Dunblane gasaliers are not highly decorated — per-
haps the funds available did not permit any great outlay. I have myself
seen them, and I am not alone in admiring them as of good design and
dimensions, and vastly superior to many cheap and tawdry articles which
would be out of place in a building so judiciously and harmoniously
restored by one who is well aware of the importance of minor details in
producing a pleasing general effect. A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

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64 The Scottish Antiquary ;

531. Campbell of Ardchattan (vol. viii. p. 7). — A correspondent
has pointed out that Isabella Wellwood, wife of Robert Clarke of Comrie,
was not 'sole heiress' of her father, Robert Wellwood, though she was the
sole child, and therefore sole lineal representative. By the terms of an
entail made by her grandfather, Robert Wellwood, the estate went, on her
father's death, to her uncle, Andrew Wellwood, and then to her cousin,
Robert Scott Moncrieff ; after him they went (in 1854) to her cousin,
Alexander Maconochie, whose grandson is now in possession. Ed.

532. Denham of Westshields (vol. V. p. Z-^, — The following annota-
tions to the Notes on this family should be recorded : —

2. See Stodart, Scottish Arms^ vol. ii. p. 301.

3. For 1533 ^7^1563.

12. A baronetcy was conferred on Sir William Denham, 31st January
1693, with remainder to his heirs and assigns (see (ireat Seal Register,
and Notes and Queries of 14th November 1891). The title of Baronet
was therefore properly assumed by Sir William's nephews.

16. The following additional notices of the name may be inserted : —

(12.) Lieut. -Col. Dixon Denham died at Sierra Leone in June 1828
(see Biackivood's Magazine^ vol. xxiv. p. 807).

(13.) Died at Queenstown, Upper Canada, 31st January 1825,
Wilhelmina Denham, wife of Francis Hall, Civil Engineer
(see Blackwood^s Magazine, vol. xix. p. 628).

(14.) Died at her house, Arniston Place, 28ih July 1829, the widow of
James Denholm, Esq., Treasurer to George Heriot's Hospital
(see Blackivood's Magazine, vol. xxvi. p. 843).

(15.) At 7 Leith Street, 29th September 1829, Mrs. Denham of a still-
born son (see Blackwood^ s Magazine, vol. xxvi. p. 132).

(16.) At 3 Lothian Road, ist December 1829, Mrs. James Denham
of a son (see Biackivood's Magazine, vol. xxvii. p. 547).

(17.) Died at Bathwood, 2d January 183 1, John Denham, late of

Quebec (see Blackivood^s Magazine, vol. xxix. p. 576).

* * * ♦

533« William Hamilton of Bangour, the Poet (vol. v. p. 86). —
It is stated that James Hamilton of Bangour, son of the poet, had one son
and three daughters, and the marriage of one of the daughters, Agnes,
Mrs. Chichester, is mentioned. Another daughter is referred to in the
following notice from Blackwood^ s Magazine, vol. vii. p. 583 : — * Married
at London, ist July 1820, Henry Warren, Esq. of the Grove, Dedham,
near Colchester, to Elizabeth Bruce, youngest daughter of late James
Hamilton, Esq. of Bangour.' * * ■* *

534. Blaw or Blow Family. — This family, which has been resident
for several generations in Belfast, is first met with in Britain at Culross in
the year 1573. Culross was celebrated for the making of iron girdles,
/>. circular plates on which oatmeal cakes were baked. The Guild of the
Hammermen was wealthy and influential, and amongst the brethren were
many whose names showed they were of Dutch origin : amongst these may
be instanced the Blaws or Blaeus — probably of the same family as Blaeu
whose atlas is well known. If so, it is not a little singular that his partner
Pont had a namesake who owned Shires' Mill in the parish of Culross in
the sixteenth century, and who was father to the Fonts who were dis-

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tinguished presbyterian ministers in the reign of James vi. The following
is an account of the Blaw family : —

John Blaw, *the younger,' was son of John Blaw of Culross, 1573.

James Blaw was burgess of Culross in 1600.

I. John Blaw, probably son of James, was burgess in 1607.^ His son,

II. Allan Blaw, owned Castlehill (now Dunimarle); he was bom 1600,
and died 1670. His son,

III. John Blaw of Castlehill, served heir 1672, married, 1654, Eliza-
beth, daughter of George Wilson. They had issue,

IV. George Blaw of Castlehill, born 1656, married his cousin Jonet
(bom 1 661), daughter of Robert Blaw, 'girdle smith.' They had issue —

1. John. (See below as John Blaw V.)

2. James. (See below as James Blaw VI.)

V. John Blaw of Castlehill (elder son of George No. IV.), married
. . . and had issue —

1. John, died vitapatris, unmarried.

2. Jean, married Patrick Begbie, and had issue —

i. Patrick Begbie, died vitapatris^ about 1 791 ; unmarried.

VI. James Blaw (second son of George IV.) settled as a printer in Belfast
and spelt his name Blow. He was the first printer of the Bible in Ireland ;
he married Abigail Neill, whose brother Patrick Neill came from Glasgow
with him and was his partner as printer. James died at Belfast in 1759 ;
he left issue —

1. Daniel Blow. (See below as Daniel VII.)

2. Jean, married, first, in 1723, Francis Cromie, and second, in 1734,

George Grierson (born 1679, died 1753), who had in 1726 a
patent for printing Bibles.

VII. Daniel Blow (son of James VI.), was in 1804 served heir to his
cousin John Blaw. He married Catherine Saunders and had issue —

1. James Blow. (See below as James VIII.)

2. Daniel Blow, married Mary Moor and had issue —

i. Mary,
ii. Catherine.

3. Mary Blow, married Dr. Armstrong, she died s.p,

4. Charlotte Blow, married John Barden, and had issue —

i. Daniela Blow Barden, died unmarried
ii. Mary Ann Barden, who married Captain Alexander
Sinclair of Thurso. She sold the estate of Castlehill.
They had issue —

(i.) Mary Ann Sinclair, married Major Grove, and
had issue —

* The Alloa Register of Baptisms contains the following names : —
1627. Jan. 7. Mr. Edward Blaw and John Blaw, witnesses to baptism of Janet,

daughter of William Buchan and Issobell Blaw.
1 63 1. Aug. 24. John Bkw in Culross, witness to baptism of a son of the same parents. "
1634. . . . George and James Blaw, witnesses to baptism of a daughter of the same

parents.
VOL. VIII. — NO. XXX. E

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66 The Scottish Antiquary f

(i.) daughter, married White; (ii.)

daughter, married Speechly ;

(iil) Robert Grove ; (iv.) Colvine
Sinclair Grove.
^2.) Daniel Sinclair, died young.
(3.) Charlotte Sinclair, married Rev. Thomas
May and had issue —

(i.) Charlotte May, residing at Belfast.

VIII. James Blow (eldest son of Daniel VII.), married, 1786, Mary
Reid, and had issue —

. I. Daniel Mussenden Blow, married . . . and had issue —

i. John Reid Blow, in Australia, where, it is believed, he

left a family,
ii. James Blow, also in Australia, where, it is believed, he

left a family.

2. John Blow, died young.

3. William N. Blow, married Mary M*Kibbin, and had issue four

sons, who all died without issue — (i.) Alexander; (ii.) James ;
(iii.) Henry; (iv.) William,

4. Edwin Blow. (See below as No. IX.)

IX. Edwin Blow (youngest son of James No. VIIL), married Margaret,
daughter of Miller ; he left issue —

1. John Blow, died young.

2. William Blow, died young.

3. Elizabeth Blow, married Thomas Wallace.

4. James Blow. (See below as No. X.)

X. James Blow, married Annie, daughter of Wylie, and has

issue —

1. Edwin Blow.

2. Martha Blow.

3. John C. Blow.

4. James Blow.

5. James Blow.

6. Margaret Blow, died young.

535. Family Designations. — Readers of old Scottish literature are
aware that writers both of prose and verse conferred on the great Scottish
families designations which, often in an alliterative form, portray the special
hereditary temperament ; in some cases the gingle is complimentary, in
others quite the reverse. We do not attempt to exhaust the list, and shall
be glad if our readers will send us any well authenticated additions. The
handsome Hays, gallant Grahams, gay Gordons, gentle Johnstones are
complimentary and alliterative. Trusty Boyds, bauld Frasers, and also
bauld Rutherfords, brave Macdonalds, are complimentary without being
alliterative. The haughty Hamiltons, saucy Scotts, proud Macneills, and
light Lindsays could hardly be considered offensive titles. But the
following would be used when a careful observation had assured the
speakers none of the maligned family was present : Greedy Campbells, or,
Campbell * fair and fause,' dirty Dalrymples, fause Monteiths, cappit (or
irritable) Scotts, windy (or boastful) Murrays. A story is told of Maxton,

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laird of Cultoquey, Perthshire. His property was surrounded by the
estates of four powerful families, and often inconvenienced by such high-
handed neighbours, he composed a litany in which his sorrows were thus
expressed : —

From the greed of the Campbells,

From the ire of the Dnimmonds,

From the pride of the Grahams,

From the wind of the Murrays,

Good Lord, deliver us.

The Duke of Athol, the head of the Murrays, hearing of this, called on
him and threatened to cut off his ears. 'Ah!' exclaimed Maxton,
* that *8 the wind of the Murrays.' Another occasion, when some Murrays
were boasting in his presence, he rang the bell and told the servant to
leave the room door open to let the wind out.

A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

536. * Erth uppon erth.' — The following letter by the Rev. Rob
Saunders, Free Church, Melrose, which appeared in the Scotsman, may
interest our readers. — Ed.

*ERTH UPPON ERTH.'

Most of the visitors to Melrose Abbey are shown in the graveyard a
tombstone of last century with the quaint inscription : —

* Earth goeth on the earth glistering like gold,
£arth goes to the earth sooner than it wold.
Earth builds on the earth castles and towers,
Earth says to the earth, All shall be ours.'

I have been frequently asked if anything was known of the age and
authorship of the lines. Perhaps the following verses, which I came upon
accidentally some time ago, may help to answer the question — or, at least,
have an interest in this connection. They are entitled : —

•ERTH UPPON ERTH.'

* Erth oute of erth is wondyrlye wrought,
For erth hath gotten of erth a nobul thyng of noght ;
Erth uppon erth hath set alle hys thoght,
How erth uppon earth may qe hvgh broght.
Erth uppon erth yet wolde be a kynge,
But how erth shall to erth thvnketh he nothyng ;
But when erth byddeth erth hys dute horn bryng,
Then shall erth fro erth have a peteus partyog,
Erth wynneth uppon erth both castellys and towris,
Then sayth erth unto erth — " This is alle owres ' /
But when erth uppon erth hath bylded all hys bowrys,
Then shall erth for erth suffer sharpe showres.
Erte byldeth uppon erth as molde upon molde.
And erth goeth uppon erth glyttering alle golde,
Like as erth unto erth never goe sholde,
And justly then shalle erth go to erth rather than he wolde.
Memento Ao€, quod cinis es, ei in cinerem reverteris ;
Fac bene dum vivisy post mortem tfivere si vis.
Whan lyffe is most lovyd, and deth most hated,
Than deth drawyth hys drawght, and makyth man ful naked.'

I have given the above in its original form and spelling, as found in
Tke Christian Poet, edited by James Montgomery, only correcting two or
three obvious misprints. It follows upon specimens from Gower, and two
anonymous authors quoted by Ellis in his Ancient English Poetty, Under

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the name of William Billyng, a writer whose age is unknown, Montgomery
publishes certain extracts from a poem on * The Five Wounds of Christ,'
lately printed by R. & W. Dean, Manchester, *from a manuscript on
parchment of great antiquity, in the possession of Wm. Bateman, Esqre.' ;
and from the same manuscript is taken ' Erth uppon Erth,' which is
illustrated, in a curious but characteristic fashion, with a naked body as if
newly risen from the grave, * having a mattock on the right hand, and a
spade at the feet.' The inscription on the tombstone may, I think, be
reasonably traced back to the poem, but beyond that I have been unable
to go. Perhaps some one of your readers, with access to more recondite
sources of information, may be able to tell us something of William Billyng,
and thereby help to settle the matter.

537. Old Burgess Tickets. — The following, from the originals in my
possession, illustrate the forms used for burgess tickets in the burghs of
Kirkcaldy, Aberdeen, and Elgin in the years 1646 and 1654 : —

(i) * At the Burghe of Kirkcaldie the nynt day of August i". vi^ and
fyftie four yeirs.

*The quhilk day James Boiswill ane of the present baillies of the said
burghe sittand in Judgement in ane fenssed court Alexander Ahernethie
agent in Edinbur* was admitted and resseaved frieman and burges of the
said burghe off Kirkcaldie and to the haill liberties friedomes and privi-
ledges thairoff Be his oath sworne as vse is. Ea Gratia. Quhilk was
acted. Extracted furthe off the burrow court buikes of the said burghe
Be me J. Cunynghame, Cls.'

(2) 'Apud Abirdein primo die mensis Octobris anno dni millesimo
sexcentesimo quadragesimo sexto In pntia Magistri Thomae Gray pre-
positi burgi de Abirdein Ballivorum prefati burgi et diversorum consulum
eiusdem.

' Quo die Alexander Abemethie servus Jacobi Gibsone de Muldair
Receptus et admissus fuit in liberum burgensem et fratrem gilde burgi de
Abirdein gratiae gratia magistratuum solutis dicto preposito quinque solidis
in alba bursa vt moris est Et prestito per eundem juramento solito. Ex-
tractum etc. M' A. Chalmer.'

(3) *Apud Elgine quinto die mensis Novembris anno diii millesimo
sexcentesimo quadragesimo sexto.

* Quo die Alexander Abemethie servus Jacobi Gibsone de Muldarie et
advocati in Ed', receptus et admissus fuit in liberum burgensem dicti burgi
de Elgin et inter fratres gildi ejusdem (gratis) prestito per eundem jura-
mento solito et consueto. Extractum de libro actorum dicti burgi de
Elgin per me Jacobus Douglas notarium publicum ac scribam dicti burgi
pro tempore subscriptum J. Douglas els.' W. Cramond.

CULLEN.

538. Dr. Wishart's Will. — The following is the abbreviate of the
Last Will and Testament of William Wishart, D.D., Principal of the
University of Edinburgh, dated at Edinburgh the 22nd of August 1752,
and registered in the Commissary Court Books of Edinburgh the 19th of
June 1753. It is holograph of the testator, and is said to be written on
three pages of stamped paper, and bears to be witnessed by Mr. David
Young and Mr. John Young, both Professors of Philosophy in the Uni-
versity of St. Andrews.

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The will proceeds on the narrative of the testator's being resolved to
settle his worldly affairs, and goes on, in the first place, to ratify and con-
firm his contract of marriage with his beloved [second] wife, Frances,
dated the i6th of March 1747, in all its parts, and the provisions thereby
made both for his said wife and children [of his former marriage]. Then
for the love and favour he bears to his said wife, and to his children after-
wards mentioned, and considering that his son, William Thomas, inherits
a good estate by the last will of the testator's uncle. Sir James Wishart,
therefore he assigns, etc., to Janet, Ann, Jean, and Margaret, his daughters,
equally among them, and, failing any of them, to the survivor or survivors,
in equal portions, and failing all of them by decease without issue of any
of their bodies, to his dear son, William Thomas, and heirs of his body,
whom failing, to his beloved wife, Frances, his dear brother, Mr. George
Wishart, and his dear sister, Cordelia Wishart alias Moncreiff, and their
heirs and assignees, by equal portions, all his moveable goods and gear of
whatever kind and denomination (heirship moveables included), that
should belong to him at his death, together with all debts and sums of
money that should be due or addebted to him by any person at his death.
The testator next nominates his said daughters to be his sole executors
and universal legatories; but subject to a power to him to alter, etc., and
he at present burdens them *to give and deliver to my beloved wife,
Frances (besides the sums and other things disponed to her by the con-
tract of marriage above mentioned), her gold watch, her diamond rings,
with all her wearing jewels and ornaments, and all her wearing apparel ;
the two pictures of herself, and the large and small pictures of me ; the new
sewed bed and window curtains, partly her own work ; six silver spoons ;
with all the money or bank-notes, and all the pieces of gold that shall be
in her or my custody at my death ; together with her own collection of
books contained in a catalogue or catalogues, numbered and signed by
me : Item, to give and deliver to my said son, William Thomas, the old
sewed bed, window curtains, and chair slips, partly his mother's work \ the
walnut-tree bureau, with the model of a ship in the upper part of it, that
stands in my closet ; the picture of the late Emperor of Germany, set with
brilliants ; the pictures of my father and mother ; the oval picture of Sir
James Wishart ; the square picture of Sir George Rook, his friend ; the
two large pictures of Sir James, and my Lady Wishart ; the family picture
done by Mr. Alexander ; my gold watch, chain, and seal ; my ring, with
a green emerald in it; my amber-headed cane ; and my Bayle's Dictionary,
in French, left to me by Sir James White, all these to be kept for him by
my beloved wife, Frances, who is to have the use of them till he comes to
the years of majority, or marries ; and in case of his decease before any
of these times, I appoint the bureau in my bed-chamber to be given to
my said beloved wife ; the bureau in my closet, the late Emperor's picture,
my gold watch, chain, and seal, my emerald ring, and my amber-headed
cane, to be given to my dear brother, Mr. George Wishart, and the rest of
the things above left to my son to be given to my eldest daughter, Janet :
Item, my saids executors are to give to my said eldest daughter the large
picture of my first dear wife, her mother, the coloured print of Sir James
Wishart, and the gold watch and chain that belonged to her mother,
in the custody of her aunts. Miss Halyburtons : Item, to my second
daughter, Ann, the small picture of her mother: Item, the several
pieces of gold, and small pieces of plate, rings, and other trinkets, and

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the several pieces of bed and table linen and sewed work in the custody
of their said aunts to be divided among my said four daughters, in as
equal proportions as can be, at the sight of the saids aunts, or the sur-
vivors or survivor of them : Item, my said executors are to deliver to
each of my four daughters the books contained in these several catalogues
numbered and signed by me : Item, to my dear brother, Mr. Geoige
Wishart the manuscripts and books out of my library, contained in a
catalogue numbered and signed by me : Item, I hereby oblige my said
executors to pay, at the first term after my death, to my sister, Cordelia,
twenty pounds sterlin [sic\ And I will that the rest of my goods and
subjects above assigned and disponed shall be brought into one sum or
stock, to be laid out upon annual rent for the use of my said daughters
(my dear wife's jointure, according to the above-mentioned contract of
marriage, being always first paid) and others in the order above set down/
After some other conditions for the regulation of his property above dis-
poned, the testator continues the settlement of his afi^'rs as follows : — * And
in case through the decease of all my saids daughters, without issue of their
bodys, my said son shall succeed to my above-mentioned estate, then, and
in that case, I hereby oblige him to pay the sums after mentioned to the
persons following, viz. : to my beloved wife, or her heirs or assignees, three
hundred pounds sterling ; to my sister, Cordelia, or failing her, to her son,
William Moncreiff, two hundred pounds ; to his aunts, Mrs. Emelia, Janet
and Magdalene Halyburtons, or the survivors or survivor of them, one
hundred pounds sterlin each ; and to each of the other tutors and curators
after named, fifty pounds sterlin. And for the better guiding of my children
and their afiairs, I hereby nominate and appoint my beloved wife, Frances,
my dear brother, Mr. George Wishart, my worthy friends, Mr. Archibald
Murray, advocate, one of the commissaries of Edinburgh, Mr. James
Nimo, cashier to the excise in Scotland, Mr. James Grahame of Damside,
clerk to the signet, Mr. George Young, doctor of medicine in Edinburgh,
Mr. John Stevenson, professor of philosophy in the University of Edin-
buiigh, Benjamin Avery, doctor of laws, treasurer to Guy's Hospital in
Southwark, and Daniel Scott, doctor of laws, now hving at or near Col-
chester, in the county of Essex, to be tutors and curators to my said son
and daughters during their respective pupillarities and minorities,' etc., etc.
'And as my son during the course of his education here will certainly
want a governour, and a servant to attend him, my will is, and I hereby
appoint that, while he stays in Scotland, he and they be boarded with my
dear wife, who has been a most tender mother to him, and of whose care
of him I have the utmost confidence.' A holograph codicil is annexed to
the will, brief in its terms, but containing nothing of any great importance.

J. A. R. Lyall.

539. Artificial Caves at Newbattle and Hawthorndek. — ^The
following very interesting papers by J. W., which appeared in the Scotsman,
is reprinted by kind permission. Ed.

Persons with a feeling for archaeological pursuits have * to dree their
weird ' like other fanatics. One of their necessities is to pester others
with anything new, or considered specially interesting, which comes under
their observation. On Saturday last I had the pleasure of exploring a
cave within the private policy of Newbattle Abbey, and the well-known

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caves in the rock upon which Hawthomden mansion is picturesquely
posed Not being aware of any existing description of the Newbattle
specimen, and having noted some hitherto unpublished facts connected
with the famous group of excavations under the mansion of the
Drummonds on the North £sk, I have to crave space in your columns for
an observation or two that may be of some interest to readers who find
the politics of the day a dreary walk through corrupted sewage. The
Newbattle cave is in a low cliff on the right bank of the South £sk,
about 200 yards or so above the family residence of the Marquis of
Lothian, which is on the left bank of the small river. The work consists
of an outer and inner excavation, connected by a passage. The outer cave
is entered by a doorway 2 feet 9 inches in width and 6 feet 9 inches in
height. Getting through this, the explorer is in the outer cave, 20 feet
9 inches in length, 5 feet 9 inches in width, and with the roof 8 feet
7 inches above the level of the floor. Its longer axis is approximately
north and south, and from the inner end an opening, 7 feet 2 inches in
length, 3 feet 3 inches in width, and 8 feet high, in the roof leads to the
second cave. The longer axis of this one is east and west, and it is —
though very rUdely— quadrangular in fonn. The length is 16 feet, the
width at the east end 9 feet 3 inches, and at the western end 8 feet
3 inches, the roof 8 feet above the floor level. This ground-plan is quite
enough to prove that the double cave was never made by any natural
force, and the whole interior, excepting small portions of the roofing here
and there, from which thin flakes have fallen by natural weathering, is
strongly marked by the scars of some excavating tool, showing that the
cavities have been dug out in the solid sandstone beds, which are of the
carboniferous formation of the geologist In this respect it agrees in type
of workmanship with upwards of thirty artificial caves on the Ale, die
Kale, the Oxnam, the Jed, and the Teviot in Roxburghshire, and with
* Wallace Cave ' at Gorton, and the Hawthornden caves on the North Esk.
In none of these latter do the side walls join the end walls nor the floors
on a right angle, the junction alwa]^ being rudely rounded, and this is
also the case in the Newbatde excavation. In many of the South of
Scotland specimens there are openings from one cave into a connected
one, sometimes at the side, sometimes at one end, as we have it in the
Newbattle specimen. The length and boldness of the scars — sometimes
up to eight inches in length — is a striking feature of the south country
caves, and so it is in this South Esk example. Of the remaining doorways
in the southern area — for most of them have disappeared owing to
natural denudation of the clifls — 2 feet 8 inches and 2 feet 9 inches is the
width, and this one on the South Esk is 2 feet 9 inches, and that at
Gorton, at the narrowest portion of the weathered margin, is also 2 feet
9 inches. One still perfect doorway at Sunlaws is 2 feet 8 inches in
width. This may be no more than coincidence, but I should say it is
more likely to have arisen from the various excavators working on a
common rule. The analogies mentioned between the caves of the south
and this one on the South Esk convince me that all have been made by
the same tribe or people, probably at some prehistoric period.

From the west side wall of the outer Newbattle cave an opening, 4 feet
6 inches in height and 3 feet 6 inches in width, has been carried on a
gentle curve and horizontally into the walls to a length of 300 feet. The
tool-markings all round the excavation are bold, but the scars are not half

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72 The Scottish Antiqtiary ;

the length of those in the caves, and their general aspect is at once seen
to differ decidedly in the two works. A bed, i8 inches thick, of highly
carbonaceous shale, crops out along one side of the long tunnel, suggesting
that it was a drift in search of coal. By whom made I have no idea, but
as the Newbattle monks where the first men who mined coal in Scotland,
on their estate of Preston Grange, it is not unlikely they might have sought
coal by this drift when they noticed the black band in the side of the
cave, almost close to their abbey. A confirmation of the formation of the
side drift subsequently to the existence of the cave is furnished by the fact
that a portion of the original cave floor, to the depth of i8 inches, has
been torn up to lower it to the level of the drift, probably to admit the
outward flow of water from it. Besides, about ten or twelve feet of the
surface of the ground outside the entrance to the cave proper has been
rudely paved, and built walls carry a stone and lime arch over the pave-
ment— a bridge, in short, now joined by one of its sides to the cliff out of
which the cave has been cut, but all outside the cave and foreign to it.

A few hundred yards down the river from this point is a now disused
ice-house, into which I could not obtain access. It is cut into a cliff, and
examination of its interior, I expect, would show that it is also a cave of
the ancient kind.

The caves of Hawthomden have been described by the Rev. John
Thompson, F.S.A., in his excellent Guide to Rosslyn Chapel and Castle
(J, Menzies & Co., Edinburgh, 1892). It is enough to say here that what
he calls the upper tier consists of three distinct apartments, united by a
gallery 75 feet in length, 6 feet 6 inches in width, of which the roof is 5 feet
8 inches above the level of the floor. These have all been excavated from
the solid, and the abundant tool-markings on walls and roofs are precisely
similar to those in the Gorton, the Newbattle, and the south country caves.
The combination of several caves into a series seen here is not exactly
paralleled by any existing representative in the south, but many of these
are very ruinous owing to large portions of the cliffs having fallen. There
is one remarkable combination of united works of the kind at Crailing, but
more than a third of the original work has been denuded, and it is im-
possible to reproduce the original ground-plan. So that the complication of
the Hawthomden specimen should not be held a good reason for throw-
ing it out of the system linked together by many common resemblances
that the eye recognises at a glance. These are that the entrance is always
narrow, the junctions of the floor with the sides, and of the sides with each
other are never a perfect angle, but always rudely rounded, as if the
excavators had no artistic conception of form or line of beauty. They
were all entered from the face of the cliff, and by descending from its
summit There is no appearance of anything to suggest that fire was used
in them. In about one out of four in the forty or more I have examined,
the main cave has smaller ones attached to it by narrow apertures in the
main work. Three at least of the south country cave villages (if one may
call them so) are made up of two tiers, or, as a modern would say, the
works are two-storied. In each of these particulars the Hawthomden
series is in perfect harmony with the system as a style of human work.
From the historic notes Mr. Thompson supplies in his Gnide^ it is easy to
prove that the original and sole entrance to the long * gallery ' at Hawthom-
den was the existing opening in the north face of the cliff. Bishop Pocock,
he tells us, who described the caves in 1760, left on record, * There is no

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other passage to them but by boards laid from a shelf of the rock to the
entrance of the cave.' Grose, Mr, Thompson adds, * mentions an entrance
in the side of the perpendicular rock, of great height above the river, by
an ascent of twenty-seven steps . . . which leads into a long narrow
passage of 75 feet, called the King's gallery.' This is clearly the existing
opening in the north end of the gallery overlooking the river, and, I should
say, the only entrance to the caves when they were first finished. At
present this entrance is entirely inaccessible, and the interior is reached
through an opening in the south side of the cliff — cut, no doubt, by some
one when the way to the original entrance had become too dangerous to
be used. The general plane of this tier is, according to Mr. Thompson's
notes, 23 feet below the level of the courtyard of the old castle. Beneath
the ruined tower of the old castle is a small cave, to which the only
entrance at present is through the courtyard pavement, and the descent is
by an iron ladder placed there last year, when, according to the Evening
Dispatch, this cave was discovered. This, however, is a mistake, for Mr.
Thompson tells us {vide Guide, page 67) that the late General Drummond
informed him of its existence, and called it ' a chapel cut in the rock,
about 6 or 7 feet high, the entrance to which is under a large flagstone
below the gravel.' This cave I intended to measure on Saturday, but was
denied admittance to it. I saw it this spring and noted its main features.
One of its sides, the northerly one, and its east end, are those of an ex-
cavated cave of the same type as the others in the rock, viz. all over
with scars of a tool, and rough and irregular on the surface. The opposite
side, the southern one, is lined with building of well-dressed stone which
supports half of an arch, of which the northern margin rests on the native
rock forming the north side of the cave. The semi-arch is ribbed, and,
if I remember aright, is of the pointed form — quite ecclesiastical in aspect.
The western end is a perpendicular ordinary stone and lime wall, built
straight across the original cave — which most probably was continued
further into the rock. My impression was that probably after the time of
the Reformation, when it was illegal to say mass, and death was the
penalty for saying it a third time, the proprietor of the castle had trans-
formed this, originally one of the ancient caves, into a chapel, to be entered
only by raising a flag in the courtyard, and in which he and his family
could worship in peace and security. Now that we have seen General
Drummond's statement — which was more likely to be historical than from
personal observation — there can be little doubt of the correctness of this
view. In addition to the building inside this cave, a small opening has
been pierced to the outside of the rock to give light within the chapel,
but far too small to give access to it, and the original entrance must be
somewhere behind the built wall now closing the west end of the cave.

But the reason why reference has been made to this chapel is that its
floor is only about 10 feet below the level of the courtyard, while those
mentioned above are 24 feet below that level. The chapel, then, and
others that may be under the courtyard about the same level, is tier
number one ; and those of which Mr. Thompson gives the ground-plan
and measurements — the suite open to visitors — are really tier number two.
Mr. Thompson describes one on a third and still lower plane — the number
two of his plans. It is 24 feet long, 4 feet wide, and 7 feet 6 inches in
height of roof. In its interior about 317 square apertures have been cut
out with the chisel — he is inclined to think for pigeon-breeding. * Bruce's

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74 ^^ ScoUtsh Antiquary ;

library/ one of the tier above — viz. tier number two— has been treated in
a similar manner, very suggestive of caves in Italy, both Etrurian and
Roman, to which the name ' columbaria ' has been given, and which some
archaeologists think were used as receptacles for urns containing the ashes
of bodies that had been burned — * cremated,' as we now call it One of
the set of artificial caves at Sunlaws Mill, on the lower Teviot, has its walls
pierced round and round with similar squares. Whether made for keep-
ing doves, or applied to this purpose because the caves fitted it, it is
impossible to say ; but in the Hawthorden case, the exit from the cave is
made of regularly dressed and squared stones, and the space they enclose
is too low in the lintel to pass for the original entrance to a cave of the
ancient excavated type. If it was used as a dovecot in the middle ages,
the building may have been inserted to contract the opening. Measure-
ment of the interior end of the passage, which on the plan is five feet in
length, would determine this. * Bruce's library ' — in tier number two, as I
have called it — has a very small aperture pierced through its original
south wall, which must have been made for some other purpose than
human entrance, possibly for the egress and ingress of pigeons. In the
Sunlaws example there is no entrance but by the original doorway, still
in almost perfect preservation.

But three tiers do not exhaust the series at Hawthornden. Passing
round the western exterior of the cliff, and having reached its absolutely
precipitous face, that to the river — a space which we did not measure, but
which is about 5 or 6 feet in height, and double that in length — is seen all
distinctly marked and scarred in precisely the same manner as the interior
of all the caves in the rock at higher levels. This is all that is left of the
side of a cave of a fourth tier, the other side and ends having been
carried away by denudation of the cliff. What I have called the original
but now inaccessible entrance to the long ' gallery ' is right up the preci-
pice from this point, and, of course, the rock over which the original
pathway to it lay has fallen, along with the eight or ten feet removed at
the base of the precipice in which this now wrecked cave was excavated.
This is quite in keeping with what one sees in the southern cave colonies.
At Lintalee, on the Jed, all that is left of one cave is the interior end and
6 inches of the side walls. At Sunlaws three feet of the inner end only
remains of one ; at Crailing it is the same, and so it is at Grahamslaw, all
distinctly proving that these works must be of a high antiquity to have
suffered so severely from ordinary denudation.

But another fact must be stated regarding Hawthornden. The reader
has seen that three tiers or stories of caves are yet preserved in the rock,
and that one wall of a still lower fourth series is plainly traceable on the
exterior of the great cliff. A few feet still lower, just where the top of the
soil touches the foot of the precipice, a large portion of the interior of
another cave is seen through an opening that has been torn out of its
northern side, and this makes a fifth tier of caves in the cliff. A thorough
examination of the rock would no doubt reveal more, but this needs
investigation by some one with plenty of leisure and unlimited access to
the rock.

A few feet above its base and on the north-west angle of the cliff is
carved in relief the face of a woman, which is much weathered, and
suggests something of a Mongolian type. Whether it was originally on
the interior of a now removed cave or has anything to do with the caves I
cannot say. J. W.

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The following letter appeared in the Scotsman on the above subject : —

The Parsonagk, Kosslyn, September 8, 1893.

Sir, — I have been much interested by the article in Monday's Scotsman
on the 'Artificial Caves at Newbattle and Hawthornden,' signed by *J. W/
As the writer has kindly referred to me and my Illustrated Guide, per-
haps you will kindly give me space for a few remarks in reply.

With regard to the * supposed chapel/ I may briefly say that the second
edition of my Guide contains an ' appendix ' with a full description of it,
and the ground-plan and sections, and also a ground-plan of the whole
rocky peninsula on which the castle stands, showing the relative positions
of the caves and this new dungeon, or so-called * chapel' If * J. W.' will
kindly send his address I will send him a copy of the *■ appendix,' for I
imagine from his article he has not seen it. The north side and east end
of this dungeon are cut out of the rock ; the south side containing a
window and a niche, and from which the ribs of the arched roof spring, is
built of well-dressed stone in blocks from eight to thirteen inches in
thickness. The west end, that is, at the shaft-like entrance, is of masonry,
apparently of much more modern construction than that on the south side.
Through a small hole I was able to insert an iron rod nearly a yard in
length. I should not be at all surprised, therefore, if this modern masonry
is found to block up the entrance into another dungeon or cave, directly
under the court-yard, or perhaps into a cave or long passage similar to
what has been called the ' King s Gallery,' and directly above that cave.

Of course it is quite possible that this dungeon may have been used as
a chapel after the Reformation, but in the 'appendix ' I give my reasons
why I think it not very probable.

I wish to point out a small inaccuracy in 'J. W.'s' article. In the
lower tier of caves (No. 2 in Guide) the pigeon-holes, 317 in number,
are built of slabs of stone, and not cut out with tools as the 174 are in

* Bruce's Library.' The entrance to this lower cave is protected all round
by well-dressed stone, checked for a door ; while on one side are the
remains of iron hooks upon which the door was hung. But I do not think
this was any part of the original structure. There was an entrance to this
cave from the west, but now built up ; or, perhaps, I should be more
correct in saying an entrance from this into another cave, for as ' J. W.'
rightly observes, there are traces of the existence of other caves from the
tool-marks and good-sized holes cut in the face of the rock, just as there are
in the upper tier of caves (No. i) j and, to my mind, these holes and tool-
marks can have no meaning or purpose whatever on the outside — i.e, on
the face of the rock. But if we suppose them to have once been the inside
of caves that have long since disappeared, then they are easily explained.
There seems to have been a cave of some dimensions extending round the
north and west sides of this lower cave, and possibly at a lower level, and
from which the upper one was reached. Of course this is only conjecture.
Of one thing we are perfectly certain, both as a recorded fact and from the
present appearance of the rock on that side, that large portions of the rock
have fallen away, carrying with them doubtless some caves that once
existed there. For instance, in Stukeley's plan of 1724 he shows a

* terrass ' or terrace leading from the * Temple ' in the direction of the
'King's Gallery.' This 'Temple' I have since discovered to be the

* larder ' of Hawthomden House. It is a well-squared room, cut out of
the rock, 20 feet by 10 J feet, and 7 J feet in height, but now covered by a

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wooden floor on strong joists, supporting the flagstone floor of the kitchen
above. The descent into it is from the kitchen by wooden steps. The

* terrass ' shown by Stukeley led from the * Temple/ about half-way to the
entrance of the * King's Gallery/ on the face of what he marks as a ' preci-
pice.' Then comes a ledge of rock, after which he makes a descent (or it
may be an ascent) of some twelve steps round by the end of * Bruce's
Bedroom/ to a level platform in front of the entrance to the ' King's
Gallery/ where there is marked an ' iron gate/ Now a great deal of this
may be fanciful, and simply a work of the imagination, as undoubtedly the
form of the caves is and some other particulars in this plan. But this
much, at any rate, seems perfectly clear, that there was a way into the

* King's Gallery,' and the three caves leading out of it from the outside of
the cliff northwards; that this way has since 1724 disappeared by the
denudation of the rock ; and, further, that the present entrance on the
south side is of a date subsequent to 1724, at what date I have been
hitherto unable to discover. I wish also to observe that at the very bottom
of the precipitous rocky peninsula on the north-west, and close to the
earthy bank, is a space reaching far back under the rock, probably eight or
ten feet, and about six or seven feet wide. It looks almost like the roof
of another large cave, but nearly filled up with earth and fallen dkbris. It
seems to me to go in the direction of the well (see ground-plan A in
Appendix) ; and if so, may it not be the outlet of an opening which is said
to exist in the side of the well (and certainly facing in that direction), but
the passage of which, after four or five feet, I am told is choked up with
earth and fallen rock? The opening of this passage from the well I
mention in my Guide^ on page 113.

It was popularly supposed that there existed an underground passage
from Hawthomden to Rosslyn Castle — a distance of about a mile and a
half. Curiously enough, about three years ago, a well was discovered by
the ploughshare in the field at the back of Rosebank. It was covered
over by two heavy slabs of stone, which at first were supposed to be a
stone coffin. On being removed, a well was discovered, 40 feet deep, the
upper part well built of stone ; but it was perfectly dry. It is in a direct
line between Hawthomden and Rosslyn Chapel — not the Castle. But as
far as one could see there was no opening from the sides of the well. It
looked more like an unfinished well, the work having been given up as
hopeless of finding water at a reasonable depth. I have been unable to
discover when, by whom, and for what purpose this well was made. It is
of such a width as to allow of only one man at a time to be working in it ;
so that it must have taken a considerable time in sinking. It was shortly
afterwards covered up as before. It had no connection whatever either
with Rosslyn Chapel, Castle, or Hawthomden.

The existence of openings in the side of the well at Hawthomden may
have led to the belief of a passage leading from it to Rosslyn Castle ;
though, judging from their respective positions, on high rocks and on
opposite sides of the river, the idea seems both impossible and absurd.

With reference to the face of a woman (?) of * Mongolian type ' carved
in relief on the north-west angle of the cliff, there is little to be said. It
is 8 inches long and 6 inches broad across the cheeks (the broadest part),
and has a pointed chin. It never appeared to me, however, as ever
having been on the interior of a cave now removed ; nor do I now think
so, after having examined it and the adjacent rock again, though, of course,

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it is just possible. But it always struck me as being the work of some
one a century or two ago, who had tried his 'prentice hand at relief
carving. I do not think it stands out more than an inch from the surface
of the rock. It is fairly distinct, except about the point of the nose and
the eyes, which are indicated only by lines. It has doubtless suffered
much from exposure to the weather. — I am, etc., J. Thompson.

540. Old Accounts. — The following accounts, kindly sent us by
Victor A. Noel Paton, Esq., Edinburgh, are interesting. It is strange to
find boat-building carried on in Galashiels.

* Ane accompt of expences for ye Boat Bought from John Small in
Galla Sheils, July 1676.
Imprimis, to John Small, wright, for ye Boat .
It. ffor ye Drugg that Brought it home
It. ffor ane Boll of meall sent to him in ye end of

JuUy at ij lib ye Boll together with three stone

of cheese at 3 shillings ye stone .
It. ffor Drink money to his men
It. Given to William Scott, Boatman, for ye Buying of

meat and drink to ye tennants, and oyr" y* brought

ye Boat Home, and Likewise for buying of dealls

for fflooring and lofting ye boat, 24 lib 12 sh.

according to his accompt subscribed by himself .

096
013

00
06

00
08

016 08 00
001 10 00

024 12 00

* Accompt Laird of Langtons to Robert Reid.
Impr. for a new market whip.
Ittem for a doubel curre combe and brush
Ittem for two brydels and bitts
Ittem for a pair of french polling shiers
Ittem for two tags
Ittem for a hunting saidle
Ittem for a pair of leathers and Irons .
Ittem for a fyn gird .

151

00 00

Soume is 16

Received full sattesfaction for the above written acompt for qlk I
grant the recpt and discharges the same for ever, and all acompts qho
ever preceding this day, being the twentie day of feber. 17 10 years be
me. Rot. Reid.'

541. Old Description of Scotland. — An interesting work has lately
appeared styled Medioeval Lore^ being gleanings from the EncydopcBdia of
Bartholomew Anglicus, who was a Franciscan, and, as his name or rather
designation shows, an Englishman. He wrote in Latin in the thirteenth
century, probably before 1260. Before the close of the following century
his work was translated into French, Spanish, Dutch, and English. After
the invention of printing seventeen editions in various languages were
published in the fifteenth century. The spread of commerce, and the
consequent more accurate knowledge of the world and its contents, proved
a death-blow to the popularity of the work, which is now interesting as
showing the limited acquaintance even a learned, intelligent, and honest
man could have of things not immediately under his own notice. His

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description of Scotland is short, and if it cannot be held to be accurate,
it is not worse than some lately given to us by Mr. Hume Brown,
written in later years, and when the excuse of lack of personal acquaintance
with the country could not be put forward. * Of Scotia, Cap. clij. The
land Scotia hath the name of Scots that dwell therein, and the same
nation that was sometime first in Ireland, and all according thereto in
tongue, in manners, and in kind. The men are light of heart, fierce and
courageous on their enemies. They love nigh as well death as thraldom,
and they account it for sloth to die in bed, and a great worship and virtue
to die in a field fighting against enemies. The men be of scarce living,
and many suffer hunger long time, and eat selde to fore the sun going
down, and use flesh, milk meats, fish, and fruits more than Britons : and
use to eat the less bread, and though the men be seemly enough of figure
and of shape, and fair of face generally by kind, yet their own Scottish
clothing disfigure them full much. And Scots be said in their own tongue,
of bodies painted, as it were cut and slit. For in old time they were
marked with divers figures and shapes on their flesh and skin, made with
iron pricks. And by cause of medlyng with Englyshmen, many of them
have, changed the old manner of Scots into better manners for the more
part, but the wild Scots and Irish account great worship to follow their
fore fathers in clothing, in tongue, and in living, and in other manner
doing. And despise some deal the usages of other men in comparison to
their own usage. And so each laboureth to be above, they detract and
blame all others, and envy all others ; they deride all others, and blame all
others manners ; they be not ashamed to lie, and they repute no man, of
what nation, blood, or puissance so ever he be, to be hardy and valiant,
but them selves. They delight in 'their own; they love not peace. In
that land is plenteous ground, merry woods, moist rivers and wells, many
flocks of beasts. There be earth tillers for quantity of th« place enow.'

Ed.

542. Old Chkst. — There are few families whose history is so closely
bound up with the history of Scotland as the Campbells. Consequently
all Scotsmen, and especially Highlanders, must feel an interest in documents
which serve to throw light on their genealogy. There is in the possession
of James Campbell, Esq., representative of the ancient family of Campbell
of Craignish, a most curious and valuable genealogy of that family. It
was compiled in the early years of last century, probably about 1715, by
Alexander Campbell, Advocate, Governor of Edinburgh Castle and Com-
missary to the Royal Artillery in Scotland. The compiler tells us that on
his return from the study of law on the continent he was employed by John,
Duke of Argyll, to set in order the contents of his charter-room. Having so
good an opportunity from his access to these papers and to the Craignish
charters he, at the request of his elder brother, George Campbell of Craig-
nish, wrote the genealogy referred to. In that portion which at present
interests us more particularly he says : * Sir Paul Oduine, Knight of Lochow,
of whom in my introduction, commonly called Paul in Sporran for being
Treasurer, as I said before, to Duncan the first and to his son Malcolm the
2d, both before and after M*Beth's usurpation, I have seen his monument
in which he is buried at Icolumkell in the North West corner of that
Chappel called Relig Oran. This Sir Paul married Marian, daughter to
Godfrey or Gorrie, King of Man, by whom he had Evah (King Duncan

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the ist was crowned anno 1024).' The ms. is in a legal hand, but on the
margins are notes believed to be in the handwriting of the compiler. One
of these, which occurs opposite to the above extract, reads, * There is a
curious box in Craignishes Charter-chest said to be the strong box of the
said Sir Paul/ The box, which is of oak, is ornamented and strengthened

with bands of brass, and evidently at a later period has been repaired with
copper wire and copper nails. The key is of iron. The measurements of
the box are — length 13 inches, breadth 6^ inches, depth 5^ inches, thick-
ness of wood \ inch. It has suffered much from the attacks of wood-boring

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insects, but Mr. Campbell has fortunately taken means to check these, and
by his kind permission the accompanying illustration of this tiny treasury-
chest is given. D. W. Stewart.

543. Form of Diligence. — This form, extracted from the Kirk
Session Records of Ardlach, may prove of interest. R. H. G.

Forfti of a Diligence against Witnesses — Mr. A. B., Moderator, etc.

Forasmuch as Pursuer, etc., having applied to us for a Diligence to

cite Witnesses in the said matter, in manner and to the effect underwritten
: Therefore we require you that upon sight hereof ye pass and law-
fully summond personally, or at their dwelling-places, to compear

before us within the Kirk of upon the day of . In the

hour of cause, with continuation of days, to bear Leal and Soothfast
witnessing upon the points and articles of the said process, in so far as
they know or shall be speared at them, with Certification as Effiers : — And
this our precept you are to return duely Execute and Indorsate — Given
etc. by warrant of, etc

544. Kirk Session Records, Anstruther Wester. — ^The following
extracts are interesting as showing how discipline was exercised. The
second extract was made and prefaced by the minister of the parish, and
entered on a fly-leaf: — Ed.

*iS9i, March. Because of the great contempt of Magistrates and
disobedience to them be ignorant and orderles persones, heirfore it is
stated and ordained be the session that whosoever sail be convict in this
offence sail be debarrit fra all benefit of the kirk till they have satisfied
according to the ordinance of the counsell of the town and session of
the kirk.'

After reading over this book, in which are many uncommon sentences
and punishments inflicted on delinquents, J. Orphat transcribes the follow-
ing as a specimen, 1807 : —

* True copy of a minute of Session in January 13, 1596. — After incalling
of the name of God, etc., Alexr. Waid sent in his bill and suit with John
Loghton offering his repentance, and to submit himself to all discipline
and punishment of the magistrate for his three-fold fornication committed
by him. This Bill and Suit being considered, albeit there was no token
of repentance seen in time past, yet to try what the Lord would work with
him, it was agreed on that he should enter into the Steeple to abide
there the space of 20 days, and if the Lord shall work repentance in
him, so that the tokens of it appear, and he be handled accordingly as the
act ordains for Terlapse, he shall be suffered to win [come] to the place of
publick repentance to testify his sorrow for his fault.

* May 2. Alexr. Waid compeared before the session, in whom no token
of repentance appeared, and therefore could not be admitted to the stool
of repentance; and the magistrates are desired to execute the Act of
Parliament against him.'

545. Campvere. — We gave (vol. i. p. 73) a copy from the Records of
the Convention of Royal Burghs of Scotland of the regulations made for
the management of the *Conserzerie hous of Campheir' in 161 3. Nearly
sixty years earlier, namely, in 1565, the Lords of Council made certain
regulations for the merchants attending Campvere {Reg. Priv, Coun, i.
p. 332) which show that the trade with Flanders was then prosperous and
important. The late Professor Cosmo Innes, in his Preface to The Ledger

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of Andrew HcUyburtofi^ describes the growth of trade with Flanders. He
tells us that the staple was removed from Bruges to Campvere in 1444,
and that it remained there with short interruptions down to the French
Revolution. The position and power of the Conservator will be shown in
the following * Actis and Constitutions ' : —

' In the first, it is ordanit be our Soverane Lady, the Quenis Magestie,
and for the weill of the marchandis that passis in Flanderis, that nane of
thame sail brek bouk, nor mak marchandice quhill the tyrae that thair
gudis be housit, and the ship lost, and avysit with the Conservatour how
the mercat is, and ask his counsall, in thair selling for thair awin proffeit,
under the pane of ane unlaw of fyve schillingis greit to be tane of thame
that faillis heirintill.

' Item, that na selleris be oppynit bot thryis in the oulk for selling of
thair geir, undir the samyn pane.

' Item, quhen thai by thair geir in the mercat, that nane sal pas bot twa
in ilk burch at anis, and gif ony of thair marrowis cumrois and findis
thame thair, thai sail pas away furth and chaip na geir thai haif done, undir
the pane of the samyn unlaw.

' Item, that the symmer mercattis hald fra sex houris in the morning to
xi houris at none, and fra ane eftir none to sex houris at evin.

* Item, for the wintir mercattis fra viii houris in the morning to ellevin
houris befoir none, and fra ane eftir none to four houris at evin.

' Item, quhen the marchandis hes coft thair marchandice and utheris
nychtbouris of this cuntre cummis to thame and speir sic guid coist thame,
thai sail schaw thame the dewitie quhat sic gudis cost thame, undir the
pane of the samyn unlaw.

' Item, that na marchand, quhen he hes coft his gudis, sail bring thame
hame himself, bot he sail cause utheris on his expenssis till turs his geir to
his lugeing, or sellar, lyke ane marchand, under the pane foirsaid.

* Item, that na marchand that byis his meit in the marcat turse it hame
in his sleif, nor on his knyff point, undir the samyn pane unforgevin.

* Item, that nane saill in marchandice without he be honestlie abelyeit
lyk ane marchand; and gif he beis nocht weill cled, that the Conservatour
warn him to cleith himself, and failye he and will nocht do the samyn,
that the Conservatour tak alsmekill of his gudis and cleith him with, and
to tak the samyn unlaw.

* Item, that nae Scottis hoyis nor uther Scottis schippis, nor Flemis that
bringis doun geir out of the marcat, be frauchtit in the marcat for thair
greit fraud, bot allanerlie befoir the Conservatour, nor na utheris that cumis
in Scotland sic lyke, and that Actis be maid thairupon, undir the pane of
the same unlaw.

' Item, qnhatsumevir marchand that beis chargeit be the Conservatouris
officiar till compeir befoir him, and dissobeyis and comperis nocht, sail
pay the same unlaw.

* Item, that Scottis skipparis and thair childir sail obey ta the Con-
servatour, undir the pane, ilk man that dissobeyis, of the samyn unlaw.

'Item, gif thair be ony Scottismen that fechtis, tulyes, or drawis bluid, ane
of ane uther, or committis ony thift, that the Conservatour, with avyse of
his counsall, sail puneis the faultouris regorouslie, and tak the samyn unlaw.

' Item, gif oney Scottismen deceissis, his gudis sal be deliverit in keping
to the Conservatour, quhill his wyfe or bamis send for it, or utheris freindis
that hes entres thairintill.

VOL. vni. — NO. XXX. F

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82 The Scottish Antiquary ;

* Item, that every honest marchand sail pas with the Conservatour till
all honorabill and publict actis, as quhen ony Scottisman dois for the
honesttie of the realme, under the pane of the said unlaw.

* Item, that na Scottisman sail call ane uther befoir ony juge bot befoir
the Conservatour, undir the pane of the samyn unlaw.'

Then follow the regulations affecting the position of the Conservator,
his powers, duties, and privileges. As they are of some length it is not
advisable to transcribe them here. The reader will find the printed
Registers of the Council in any good Public Library. It may be well ere
we conclude to draw the attention of the reader to the care taken by the
Council that the Scottish merchants should, both by dress and demeanour,
uphold the credit of their country, abstaining from uncouth, slovenly, or
poverty-stricken habits. No carrying of parcels or of food * in sleeve or on
knife point' was permitted, and the merchant was to be 'honestly' clad,
suitable clothes if necessary to be provided for him by the Conservator,
the cost being taken from the wares he had to sell. It may also be noted
by those interested in the present Eight Hours Movement that the
merchant's hours for business were regulated for him — ten hours in
summer, six hours in winter, averaging eight hours, with a break of two
hours at mid-day. Ed.

546. Old Stirling Register {continued /romp, 39). —

1590-
May 31. Mane glen, daughter of Thomas glen, zwngr., and Bessie

cadbie. IV, Thomas Dwgall in cont., Alexr. cadbie in west

graden, Jone Maleice.
fors.
„ „ Cathrein M*ba, daughter of Johnne M*ba and Elet lowrie. IV.

Johnne Miln, Nicoll lowrie.
June 4. Alexr. patirsone, son of Duncan patirsone and Jonet Coffur.

JV. Duncan Name of lokishill, Alexr. Patsone, litst., Rot

Patsone in barnisdell, Thomas Ewein, not, Jone forest,

maltmS.
„ 14. Geills Drummond, daughter of Patrik Drumd. and Elet Stevin-

sone. IK James Stevinsone, cow, David stevinsone in cont,

crystie sword in Doun, Thomas cwt.
„ „ Wm. M*gregur, son of Mathew M*gregur and Jane NorwalL

IV. Wm. Aissone, mchand, Wm. Watsone, Johnne Moresone,

crop, Dunca Moresone.
Adultarars.
„ 18. Johnne CSpbell, son of Johnne Campbell off Lawris and Mar-
garet Donaldsone. IV. Johnne patirsone, Johnne Norwall,

Johnne Donaldsone, Alexr. patirsone.
„ 19. Margaret buchanS, daughter of Rot buchanS and hellein hunt.

iV, george ritchie in livelands.
„ 21. Jonet Neische (sic), daughter of James Schort and Anna

Neische. IV, Johnne Andirsone, m., Johnne rob, mchand.,

Johnne Scherm, m.
,, 25. Patrik sword, son of crystie Sword and Janet Watsone. IV.

Patrik Driind (Drummond), Wm. Aissone, m., Alexr. Sword

in . . . (illegible).

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June 25. in cout (?) Jonet broun, daughter of Alex, broun and Jonet

Wilsone. W. Thomas liddell in gray steall, Jone broun,

talzr. in Stling.
„ 28. Jonet hog, daughter of Johnne hog and Elit. boyd. W. James

hog, Servand to ye laird of gden, Wm. hude, not James

lore, mchand
„ 26. (jiV.) (sic.) of george hame and (j/V.) layng. W,

Williame gillaspie.
July 10. borne befoir 12 ho" in ye nyt [written in paler ink] William

dQcason, son of James duncason and Elit. buchane. W.

Mr. Wm. Cowper, Mr. Jone Davidsone, Williame pBestone.
„ 12. Johnne lamb, son of Walter lamb and Jonet gilmr. W. Thomas

Andirsone, Jone Stein in greinzairds, Thos. Moderall in

cabuskynet, Jone belsche.
„ „ AUeson Stewart, daughter of Jone Stewart and Issobell cristesone.

W, Rot. Stewart in mgtayt, Jone crysteson in drip.
„ 14. Jone Reid, son of Thomas reid and Jonet finlasone. W, Jone

paisone, Jone reid, flescher.
„ 19. Johnnet gray, daughter of Jone Gray and Margaret patsone.

W. Alexr. Davisone, Jone hog, staibler, Jone richardsone.
„ „ Jonet Arthur, daughter of henrie Arthur and agues Wilsone.

W. henrie Jeffray in cSbusbarron, Gilbert thomesone, flescher

in SQing, Rot. hendirson in corntoun.
„ „ Grissall bell, daughter of Williame bell and Issobell drysdall.

W. Johnne Marrshell, litst, Johnne Waa in abbayfurd, Jone

huttone in spittel.
„ „ Sara duncSson, daughter of Jone duncasone, skiner, and Jonet

gentilmane. W. Jone DucSsone, zwngr., in logy, Donald

hendirsone in craigtoun, Wm. fothringame, mchand^ James

kidstoun.
„ „ in S. Ninians prochin, Marione Donaldsone, daughter of Jone

Donaldsone and Morish Auchtmwtty. W. Jone Sinclar,

James Wallace, not henrie M'ray, mchan.
„ „ Cristane Johnsone, daughter of Rot Johnsone in ye Walt and

Margaret Cowane. W, Niniane Johnsone in hall grt., Adame

Wingzet in well park.
„ 26. Margaret hall, daughter of Johnne hall and Margaret hensone.

W. Wm. Kir, flescher, Edward hall, mchd., Jone M*Williame.
„ 30. (sic.) of Jone glen elder and Elet. Andro. W. Rot.

Downy in polmais, Jone Downy in streek, Alex. Andro, y.,

Jone Downy in Betons miln.
Aug. 4. Cathrein castellaw, daughter of James castellaw and Margaret

baverage. W, Olepheir M*ray, Johnne lowdiane.
„ „ Cristane Miln, daughter of Johnne Miln and hellein Willeson.

W, Thomas Willeson . . . (illegible) dewar . . . (illegible).
„ 23. Johnne Norwall, son of Thomas Norwall and cristane craig.

IV. Duncan Zwng, mchd., Jone gib, zwngr. cuitler, Duncan

benet, servand to Alexr. Patsone, litst
„ „ David Norie, son of William Norie and Elet. Normand. JV.

Johnne Smyt als gow, Thomas Watsone, mchd., James

Stewart in leckie.
„ „ James crawfurde, son of Johnne crawfurde and cristane

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84 The Scottish Antiquary ;

buchSnS. W, Johnne gyhytbill, baxt, Wm. Edmane, baxt.,

gilbert Edmane, baxt, Edward Alia in banokburn.
Aug. 23. Jonet ro*sone, daughter of Rot. ro*sone and Jonet Scott, W.

Jone kincuid, cuitler, Thomas Downy, smyt, Waltir scot,

pottar.
„ Jonet Wallace, daughter of Malcolme Wallace and EleL forester.

W, Mr. Johnne Colvill off {sic) priest, David forest of

logy, Duncan Wallace, laitzr.
Sep. T. Rot. Alexr., son of David Alexr. and cristian grahm. W, Rot

craigengelt of yat ilk, Rot. forester of Boquhen.
„ Agnes {sic) daughter of (sic) Johneson ane Dn ? woma, ye

allet. fayr. denyis it. W, Thomas lawsone, cordener, Thomas

Downey, smyt.
fors.
6. Wm. Bennie, son of Johnne bennie and Jonet .... {illegible),

W, Wm. hud, not, Wm. Wilsone in craiginfort, Andro hillen.
„ Jonet Smart, daughter of Johnne Smart and Margune Donaldson.

W, Rot. forest of bog, Alexr. wish, litst., Jone Downy, smyt
„ In lechie, in S. Ninians paroch, Thos. harvie, son of David

harvie and Elet. Millar. W, Thomas towbill in gaigunoch,

Rot harvie, yr., Steinmillar, in lechie.
„ In Banokburn, Wm. Johnsone, son of Thomas Johnsone and

Issobell Aissone. W, James davie in coilheut, Jone Smythe,

yonr.
„ Rot Wingzet, son of Adame Wingzet and Jonet Johnsone. W,

Jone Kincaid, zwngr., Jone M*bene, smyt.
„ In Sterling, Jonet Ro*sone, daughter of Alexr. ro^sone, wryt, and

Jonet forsyt W, Rot ro^sone, wryt., Thomas Downy, smyt,

Jone belshe, fisher.
17. Johnne M*bene, son of Jone M*bene and Margaret Cable. W,

Andro Uttein, travellur, James levenox, messinger, Andro

Wilson, tailzior.
„ James druinond, son of Abrahame drumond and Elet Mwshet.

W, Rot. cragingelt of yat ilk, David forester of Logy.
20. Jone fargussone, son of Symon fargussone of Kirkcarrane and

Cristane forester. W, Johnne Erskein, Mr. of Mar, Adame

comendat. of Cabuskynet
„ {sic) of James patirsone and Jonet Kirkwod. W, Uorni

Wysh.

23. Magdalen Crawfurd, daughter of George Crawfurd and Jane
Kirkwod. W, Thomas Downy, smyt, Johnne Caimcors.

,, Jonet brog, daughter of Williarae brog and Beatrice Williamson.
W. Rot. cragingelt of yat ilk, Jone Paterson, m., Alexr.
Zwng, baxt.

24. Thomas philp, son of Wm. philp and Bessie schort. W, Jone
Swane, Thomas Andsone, m.

27. James Jarvy, son of Thomas Jarvy and Jonet lockart W.
James AUane, flesher, Jone Reid, flesher, Thomas tailzur
in tailzurtoun.
„ Johnne gourlay, son of henrie gourlay and Jonet browster. W,
Jone Millar, baillie, Alexr. Schort, mchad, Jone duncansone,
ski, Jone Kincaid, cuitler

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Sept. 27. Hellein Mitchell, daughter of Duncane Mitchell, and Agnes Car.

W, Wm. Crawfurd in Sauchie, Rot. Paisone in barinfield,

James Davie, talzear, Thomas Scot, tailzear.
Oct. I. Catherin M'ray, daughter of Johnne M'rayand Agnes ray. W.

James Arc**., baxt., Johnne lowdiane, James Wallace, Alexr.

Cousland.
., Elit. Edmane, daughter of Wm. Edmane and Jonet Zwng. W,

Thomas pafsone in couldinhow, Gilbert Edman, baxt.
„ Hellein Swane, daughter of Jone Swane and \torn\, W. Jone

dtLcason in logy, James dQcSLson in fossoway, Alexr. thomson,

maltm.
„ Jonne bwme, son of William bwme and Barbara Jobnsone. W.

Johnne Maleice, Rot. cossur in cILbuskynet, Alexr. bwme in

grainge, Rot. bwrne in powhous.
8. Andro Cowane, son of Walter Cowane and Jonet Alexr. W,

Antone bruce, m., Andro cowane.
fors.
I u Johnne leggat, son of Johnne leggat and Marione thomesone.

W. cristopher caimis, James Mitchell, baxt., Johnne Millar,

baxt.
„ Annabill cousland, daughter of Johnne Cousland and hellein

cwnygha. W. Wm. Watsone in cowt, James Watsone his.

broy., Andro Cousland, yonr., Crystie Dwgall in ggnok.

15. Marie bruce, daughter of Antone brace and Jonet Leishman.
W. Mr. Jone Colvill off strarndie, William brg, Andro Alexr.
Duncane, patsone.

„ (sic) of Alexr. forsyt. and Issobell Donaldsone. W,

Thomas Willeson, Jone Crawfurd, baxt, Wm. hwd, not.

., In thretsie akirs, Jone pett, sone of Normond pett and Cristane
Ra. W. Jone Nicoll in park miln, Richard pet, throsh, Jone
layng in sling.

16. Rot. M'comie, son of Andro M'comie and Cristane M*kew.
W. Rot. ro*sone, pewderer. Rot. finlason, flesher, Jone
callendar, georg spittell.

18. Anna Murray, daughter of Wm. Murray and Agnes Name. W,

Mr. Jone Colvill of Strardie, Rot. craigingelt of yat ilk.
22. Elit. bem', daughter of Johnne bem' and Agnes Windezetts.

W, James ramsay, not., Jone Downy, smyt, Wm. bemwr.
25. Jone crystesone, son of Johnne crystesone and Elit. finlasone.
W, Jone Cwthbert, skiner, David airthe, skiner, Johnne
hendirsone, baxt, crystie sword^ mchSd.
„ Jone Allane, son of Jone Allane and Marione hill. W. Andro
Andirsone, baxt.. Rot. Wilsone, tailzur, Thomas crystesone,
maltmS.
29. Jonet Patsone, daughter of DuncSL patirsone and Marione Alexr.
W, Johnne Sterling, David forest, in logy, Johnne paisone,
James crystesone.
Nov. 8. Marione ro*sone» daughter of Rot ro*sone and Margaret
chalmirs. W, James levenox, messinger, James penniecwik.
„ Johnne Salmond, son of Johnne Salmond and Jonet Nichell.
W, Andro Wilsone in cowt, Johnne aitkein, yr.
Oct 21. (sic) Agnes fargusson, daughter of Jone fargusson and Jonet
(torn). W, Jone Moresone, cwg, Jone hestie, zwnger.

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Dec. 6. Jonet Andirsone, daughter of Jone Andirsone and Sara

Duncasone. W, James schort, Duncan patirsone.
„ ,, Jone Moresone, son of Jone Moresone and Cristane bwie. W.

Jone Willesone, m., Jone Mairshell, m., Jone Andirson,

baxt., Jone Gentilmane.
„ ,, Issobell richardson, daughter of Richard richardsone and agnes

tailzur. W, Rot Johnsone in grastell, Thomas Davie, miliar
* in couldinhow.
„ „ cristane Thomesone, daughter of James Thomsone and Jonet

hay. W. Jone fargussone, mchad, Wm. dark, srvand to ye

Mr. of Elphiston, Rot. Downy in polmais.
This bairne undirwrittin was baptesit be ye Mr. of

Elphiston upon sicht of ane testimonial! subscryvit by Wm.

tweidie, mist, Mr. Rot. lindsay, minister of laurig, and divers

uyers, honest psonis at laurig, ye xxvii day of februar 1589,

testifeand ye parents undirwritten to be parochinars of

glenquhon in Coklane, laiilie mareit and to be in necessitie

be raif of y gair be thevis.
„ 10. Thomas Wilson, son of Thomas wilsone and Jonet boyd. W.

Thomas boyd.
fors.
„ 13. Margaret levingstone, daughter of Alexr. levingtone and cristane

Norwall. W, Wm. harvy in sterling, henrie Mayne in carse

miln, Jone bem', maissor.
„ „ Robert Maleice, son of Johnne Maleice and Marione bwrne.

W, (torn) ro^sone, pewderer (torn), as douny, smyt (torn).
„ 20 William biohmano (sic\ son of Dunca Kirkwood and Issobell

leishmane. W, Wm. leishmane, smyt, Jone Thomesone,

bonetmaker, James ramsay, not.
,, „ James Simsone, son of George simsone and cristane richardson.

W, George Norwall, m., Wm. Edmane, baxt, Thomas dowry,

smyt.
„ „ Rot. huttone, son of Andro huttone and Margaret home. W.

Malcolme Wallace, tail., Alexr. Zwng, baxt, Duncan Leishman,

smyt
„ „ Jone Andirson, son of William Andirsone and Marione Jak.

W. Johnne Mrschell, lit, Johnne Mwresone.

547- Cloth imported from Flanders.— The Register of the Council,
under date Dec. 30, 1564, contains an interesting description of the varieties
of cloth and other goods imported. It is marked in the margin, 'Barnard
Byre, Dutcheman,' and proceeds, * The quhilk day, the Quenis Majestic
and Lordis of hir Secreit Counsall, undirstanding how that efter Peris de
Freris, Capitane of ane schip of Deip, callit the Neptune, in the moneth of
Julij, the year of God j^^v"^ Ixiij yens, arryvit in the port and hevin of
Brint Hand, and brocht in the said schip the gudis undirwrittin. That is
to say, twa ballis of blak furring of buge, contenand xviij mantillis ; three
grene cairsayis, contenand fourty fyve elnis; sevin grene wobbis,
contenand four scoir auchtene elnis; ane blew wob, contenand twenty
twa elnis twa quarteris ; ellevin blew cairsayis, contenand ane hundrith
fourty thre elnis ; sex pece of broun and taune clayth, extending to four
scoir aucht elnis ; ane steik of reid cairsay, contenand fyftene elnis ; ane

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steik of reid clayth, contenand xiiij elnis ; twa steikis of quhyit cairsay,
contenand thretty twa elnis : sevintene pece of stemmyng, contenand ane
hundrith thre scoir ellevin elnis ; elleven peces of blak, contenand ane
hundrith thre scoir elleven elnis; xij malye coittis; xi lesert skynnis;
fyve paintit claythis of the forborne sone; twa faddome of unblechit
Holand clayth ; ane culvering ; ane reidcoit ; Ixxxxvi stringis to hattis of
diverse cullouris ; thre stekis of cambrige ; ane pece of blak dinnostage ;
four rollis of Holland clayth, contenand fourty four elnis ; ane goun of
drogat, lynit with martrikis, begareit with velvot ; ane gown, lynit with
toddis of blak, begareit with velvot ; ane pair of almany stokkis of blak
sating, drawen out with taffeteis; ane lyttill knok, with ane walknar
ouregilt; twa lyttill polkis of ginger, weyand thre pund wecht; ane
lyttill polk of peppir, weyand twa pund wecht ; and ane cowip of silver
dowbill ouregilt, with ane cover peirlit with cristallyne within, weyand two
pund and ellevin unce wecht; and because her Majestie and Lordis
foirsaidis were surilie informit and perswadit that the said guidis were takin
be the said Pierie and his complices as pirattis in pinacie, hir Hienes
Thesaur, at hir command, intromittit thairwith, quhilk Andro Hendirson,
his clerk, has continewalie sensyne kepit the samyn eftir that the said
Pierie fering to be persewit departit ; and supplicatioun being gevin in and
presentit to hir Majestie and Lordis foirsaidis be Barnard Byre, in
Danskin, procurateur substitute to Henry Byre, his bruther, in Hull
dwelland in England, principall procuratour constitute to Johnne Van
Homell, Johnne Van Achelen, Johnne Cordes, Martin Vanderbrute,
Court Van Boebert, Bonanenture Bodeker, Cristopher Suafspell, all
dwelling in Antwerpe, Nicholace Phderbin, Gerard Tymmerman, Mathew
Crop, and Johnne Pretour, dwelland in Danskin, allegeand the saidis
gudis to pertane to them, and reft and taken fra thame and thair servands
in thair names on the seyis, desyrit the saidis gudis to be deleverit to
thame as awnaris thairof/ This suit received favourable consideration,
due care being taken that justice was done. Ed.

QUERIES.

CCXLIV. Campbell of Ardeonaig. — What arms, crests, and motto were
used by Alexander Campbell, first of Ardeonaig ? J. L. C.

CCXLV. Peace Tuesday. — In the Alloa Kirk Session Records, under
date 4th October 1627, occurs the phrase * peace tuysday.' I
have not met with it elsewhere. Does it stand for * Pasc Tuesday,'
Le. the Tuesday in Easter week ? The context makes it quite
possible, if not probable, that the * peace tuesday ' referred to
occurred seven or eight months anterior to October, and the
words used 'about peace tuysday' points to the day being one
of note. Discussion is invited. A. W. C. H.

CCXLVI. The Family of Forbes of Culloden. — Duncan Forbes, ist of
Culloden, had three sons —
^i) John, his heir.

(2) Captain James, married Agnes Munro, and settled in
Caithness.

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88 The Scottish Antiquary

(3) Captain Duncan, married Isobel Ruthven, and settled
in Assynt.
Can any reader give the descents of (2) and (3) — sons and grand-
sons— down to 1720?
John Forbes, 2nd of Culloden, had six sons —
^i^ Duncan, his heir.

(2) Sir David of Newhall, married Catharine Clerk.

(3) Thomas, married Jean Cuthbert.

(4) Alexander (went to New England).

(5) Jonathan, M.D., Elgin, married Jane Brodie.

(6) Colonel John, of Pittencrieff, married Elizabeth Graham.
Can any reader give the descents of (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) —
sons and grandsons— down to 1720? J. F.

CCXLVII. Smith of Bogend : Campbell of Hillhouse : M'Harev of
Kerss. — Information desired regarding * William Smith of Bog-
end,' who married, 8th June 1708, Catherine Lawrie; also
regarding * William Campbell of Hillhouse,' who married, 24th
September 1702, Janet Lawrie; also regarding 'James M'Harey,
of Kerss,* who married, 28th August 1760, Mary Lawrie.

CCXLVIII. Clan M*Ara. — Information wanted on the clan Macara or
M^Ara — names of books or records bearing on the subject

D. M'C.

REPLIES TO QUERIES.

CCXXXV. Glen. — Alexander Glen of Longcroft, co. Linlithgow,
died before 23rd August 1722. James Glen of Longcroft,
Governor of South Carolina, his son and successor, died July
1777. Elizabeth Glen, Countess of Dalhousie, was served heir
to the latter, her uncle y 26th August 1777 {Indexes to Services
of Heirs in Scotland).

Alexander Glen, was probably the first of the name in
Longcroft, as in 1699 it belonged to William Edward {Ing.
Ret Linlithgow^ 290). The Glen family seem, however, to
have been long connected with Linlithgow, as we find Alexander
Glen, burgess of Linlithgow, witness to a charter 6th June 1545
{Register of the Great Seal^ vol. iv. No. 414). There are also
several Glens mentioned in The Acts of the Parliaments of
Scotland in connection with Linlithgow, namely, James Glen,
1625 to 1641 ; George Glen, 1641 ; Andrew Glen, 1652 to 1663.
James and Andrew Glen, merchants in Linlithgow, 1650, 1651,
and i66l

Douglas of Tilwhillv. — According to Douglases Peerage
(Wood's edition, vol. ii. p. 268), Archibald Douglas, younger
son of Sir James Douglas, Lord of Dalkeith, by Elizabeth,
daughter of King Robert in., was ancestor of the Douglases
of Netherdale, Tilliwhilly, Inchmarlo, and others.

David Douglas acquired Tilwhilly by marriage about 1479
with Janet Ogstoun (Stodart's Scottish Arms, vol. ii. p. 72).

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•
David Douglas's grandson is said to have built the present
castle in 1576 {Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland^
vol. ii. p. 293).

If 'grandson' is correct, David Douglas must have been
father of Arthur Douglas of Tilwhilly, who deceased before
4th February 157 1-2, and whose son John had a charter of
Tilwhilly, 4th September 1574 {Register of the Great Seal^ vol.
iv. Nos. 2012 and 2306).

John Douglas of Tilwhilly, to which he had succeeded before
August 1581 {Reg. Great Seal, voL v. No. 253), had a confirma-
tion under the Great Seal to himself, and Mary Young his
spouse, lawful daughter of Peter Young of Seytoun, of the lands
of Stracathro, 4th March 1597-8 {Register of the Great Sea/, vol.
vi. No. 676).

Sir Peter Young of Seton married, in 1577, Elizabeth, youngest
daughter of Robert Gib of Carriber, and Mary Young was
their eldest daughter {East Neuk of Fife, edition 1887,
p. 285).

Horn of Westhall. — Mr. James Home, schoolmaster of
Grange, became minister of Bellie, in the Presbytery of
Strathbogie, in 1656, and was translated to Elgin, second
charge, in 1659 (Scott's Fasti, vol. v. p. 191). He acquired
Westhall, co. Aberdeen, in 1674. His son John left
a daughter and heiress, Anne, who married Hew Dairy mple,
a senator of the College of Justice under the title of Lord
Dunmore, and was ancestress of the Dalrymple-Hom-Elphin-
stones. Baronets (Stodart*s Scottish Arms, vol. ii. pp. 218,
219). This James Home, first of Westhall, had two elder
brothers : John, who was killed in the civil wars, and Andrew,
who went to Sweden (Nesbit's Heraldry, edition 18 16, vol.
ii. app. p. 73). A. W. G. B.

CCXXXIX. Makgill.— According to Douglas's Peerage (Wood's edition,
vol. ii. p. 345), James Makgill of Nether Rankeillour, Clerk
Register 1554, was eldest son of Sir James Makgill, Lord
Provost of Edinburgh, by Helen Wardlaw, daughter of Ward-
law of Tone, co. Fife.

Adamson of Gravcrook. — Craigcrook is the commoner form
of the name. An account of the Adamsons of Craigcrook is
given by John P. Wood in his Parish of Cramond (p. 34),
from which the following notes are taken unless stated other-
wise.

William Adamson, of Bonally, co. Edinburgh (charter 1535)
married Janet, daughter of John Napier of Merchistoun.
He acquired Craigcrook, in the Parish of Cramond, in 1542,
and was killed at Pinkie in 1547 (Douglas's Peerage, Wood's
edition, vol. ii. p. 285, and Scottish Arms, vol. ii. p. 144).
William Adamson was succeeded by his grandson of the same
name, who was served heir to him 8th March 1559, and
died 1599. He was succeeded by his son William, who died
before isth September 1621, when his son, Mr. William
Adamson, was served heir [Ing, Ret Edinburgh, 467). He

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died before i6th May 1656, when his son, Mr. Robert
Adamson, was served heir Unq* Ret Edinburgh^ 1058). Mr.
Robert Adamson sold Craigcrook in 1659, and died before
24th February 1666, when Robert Adamson, his son, was served
heir (Inq. Ret. Gen, 4969).

Forbes of Rires. — This family was descended from Sir
Arthur Forbes, third son of Sir Alexander Forbes, second of
Pitsligo, whose father Sir William was second son of the Sir
John Forbes of that Ilk who died 1405 (Douglas's Peerage^
Wood's edition, vols. i. p. 589, and ii. p. 367). An account
of the family is given in Walter Wood's East Neuk of Fife
(edition 1887, pp. 114-117).

Orme. — I can find no mention of Kingdrum, but there were
Ormes of Mugdnim, which is most probably the family referred to.

Stephen Orme, burgess of Newburgh, had a charter of two
parts of the lands of Mugdnim, 5th August 1506 (Register
of the Great Seal^ vol. ii. No. 2985).

George Orme, son of Stephen Orme, had a charter of
Mugdrum and Easter Cluny 1520 (Stodart's Scottish Arms,
vol. ii. p. 414). He had two sons, Henry of Mugdrum, and
David of Priorletham {Reg, Great Seal^ vol. v. No. 420,
and Scottish Arms),

Henry Orme of Mugdrum had one son and two daughters.
James, fiar of Mugdrum, who died without issue before
3rd August 1581 {Inq, Ret. Fife, 1468); Helen, probably
wife of Henry Adamson, burgess of Perth {Reg. Great Seat,
vol. vi. No. 2060); and Katherine, who married, 1581, George
Clephane of Carslogie {Reg. Great Seal, vol. v. No. 420).

David Orme, brother-german of Henry Orme of Mugdrum,
had a charter of Priorletham in 1554 {Reg. Great Seal,
vol. iv. No. 1458). He married Helen Lawmonth {Reg. Great
Seal, vol. V. No. 1448), and had Mr. David, Mr. Patrick, Mr.
Allan, Mr. George, and Stephen {Reg. Great Seal, vol. v. No.
2123, vol. vii. No. 1700; Reg. P. C. Scot. vol. viiL p. 361, and
Scottish Arms). There was also a daughter Helen, who married,
in September 1584, Patrick Lindsay, afterwards of Kirkforthar.
{Baronage, p. 260). The order of the sons is uncertain, and
it is possible that Mr. George was the second son. David
Orme of Priorletham either acquired or succeeded to Mugdrum
before 30th August 1588, when Priorletham was sold {Reg.
Great Seal, vol. v. No. 1950). He was concerned, along
with his sons David and Allan, in the treason of the Earl
of Bothwell, and was outlawed. Allan Orme was executed
17th September 1594 (Scottish Arms).

David Orme of Mugdrum, eldest son of the preceding,
married Margaret Adamson, and had Francis, George, David,
Helen, and Margaret. He died before i8th February 1596-7
(Register of the Great Seal^ vol. vi. No. 529). His relict
married Mr. Arthur Leiche, minister at Meretoun Kirk
(Reg. P. C. Scot. vol. viii. pp. 249, 250).

Francis Orme of Mugdrum had a charter of Navodamus,
1 63 1 (Scottish Arms).

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Stephen Orme of Mugdnim died before 12th July 1648,
when his son George was served heir {Ing. Gen. 3475).
George Orme sold Mugdrum in 1648 {Scottish Arms),

A. W. G. B.

CCXLI. Maitland of Soltra. — In answer to Mr. J. T. Maitland's
queries I send the following notes on this family : —

I. Robert Maitland, Deputy-Governor and Lieutenant of the
Bass under the Duke of Lauderdale,^ registered arms 24th
September 1673, died before 1682, and married a sister and
co-heir of John Stodhart of Camiestoun, and had issue —

1. Charles, Lieutenant-Governor of the Bass in 1683, and in

the last muster-roll of the garrison previous to Revolution
(i6th October 1688) is still so; was one of those who
held the Bass for King James vii. He married Margaret
Swan, probably a daughter of George Swan, master-
gunner of the Bass, and had issue a son Charles, born
19th September 1692.

2. James, Captain in Scots Guards, afterwards Colonel of

a regiment in the service of Holland (now the 2Sth
King's Own Borderers), and Lieutenant-General and
Governor of Fort-William, registered arms as son of
Robert of the Bass, had a charter under the Great Seal
of the lands of Pogbie in Haddingtonshire, 22nd June
1 7 13, died before 7th December 17 16, when his will
recorded ; married Theodosia Home, who had a charter
of resignation under the Great Seal, conjunctly with
Charles Maitland of Soltra, of the lands of Pogbie, on
22nd June 1719, and died at Inveresk 13th December
1732, apparently without issue, as Alexander Home,
Town Clerk of Leith, was her universal legatee.

3. David. (See No. IL)

4. Robert, in Scots Guards, father of Elizabeth, who was

served heir to her uncle James on 15th September 1732.

II. David Maitland of Soltra, M.P. Lauder 1689-1702, Com-
missioner of Supply for Haddingtonshire 1695 and 1704, married,
Sth February 1687, Agnes, daughter of David Pringle of Soltra,
and had issue —

1. Charles. (See below. No. III.)

2. Robert, bom 24th April 1689.

3. John, born isth June 1690.

4. James, born 22nd May 1691.

5. David, born nth Octobefr 1692.

6. Alexander, silk mercer in High Street, Edinburgh, Captain

of the City Guard, born 12th April 1694, died at Abbey-
hill 1 6th June 1749, married, 19th June 1728, Katherine,
daughter of Craufurd Allanton (she was alive in 1787),
and had issue —

^ It has been the constant tradition in the family of Maitland of GimmersmiU (see
e 93)9 that Robert and Alexander Maitland were brothers, and were sons of Charles,
1 of Lauderdale, the younger brother of the Duke.

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i. David, born 24th March 1729, married Miss Marshall,
and had issue a daughter, who married Captain
Purves, brother to Admiral Purves.

ii. Charles, born isth January 1730.

iii. Ann (twin), born 15th January 1730.

iv. Eliza, born 19th April 1731.

V. Katherine, bom 28th June 1732.

vi. Alexander, born 13th July 1733.

vii. Janet, bom 24th November 1734, married Mr. Walker,
Surgeon, R.N., and had issue a daughter, who mar-
ried Mr. Coffin, R.N.
viii. Ann Hay, born loth April 1737.

ix. John, bom 19th September 1738.

X. Mary, born nth March 1741, died 1833.
7. William, born nth March 1698.

III. Charles Maitland of Soltra, born 3rd November 1687,
executor of his uncle, Lieut-General James Maitland, served
heir to his granduncle, John Stodhart of Camiestoun, 29th April
1718, rebuilt mansion-house of Soltra, died before 1723, married
(first) Theodosia Gilchrist, who died at Inveresk in 17 16 (Inven-
tory recorded 30th April 1723), and had issue —

1. James, served heir to his father on 24th July 1722, executor

of his brother John 1726, died 28th July 1727; married
Elizabeth .

2. John, younger of Soltra (second son), died at Haddington,

1726.
He married (second), 29th December 1716, Alice, daughter
of George Halyburton of Eaglescairnie, and had issue.

3. David, of Soltra, born i6th June 1718, served heir of his

brother John 30th December 1727, and of his brother
James 3rd August 1732, and again in the lands of Easter
and Wester Blackies, Barony of Keith, 8th Februar}'
1742 ; had crown charter of resignation of the lands of
Pogbie as eldest surviving son of Charles Maitland,
younger of Soltra, 12th February 1742 ; died 5th January
1765 ; married Wilhelmina Stewart.

4. Thomas. (See below. No. IV.)

5. Cassandra, born 12th September 1720.

IV. Thomas Maitland of Woodcot, born 7th July 17 19, served
heir to his brother David of Soltra 26th August 1765, died 1773 ;
married, isth November 1744, Mary, daughter of James Martin
of Clermont, and had issue —

1. Alice, born 23rd September 1745.

2. Margaret, born 17th August 1747.

3. Jane, born 21st December 1748, married (first), 4th April

1768, John, Earl of Rothes, and (second), 1774, Hon.
Patrick Maitland of Freugh.

4. Mary, born 23rd September 1750.

5. Charles. (See No. V.)

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6. Catherine, born 9th January 1754.

7. Hannah, bom 28th December 1757.

V. Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Maitland, of Craigieburn,
Dumfries, and Maitlandfield, Haddington,^ born 9th April 1752,
married, 28th April 1797, Isabel, daughter of Hon. Major-
General Mark Napier. She died in 1805, aged 83, and had
issue —

1. Thomas. (See No. VI.)

2. Christian Graham, born ist February 1798, married, 26th

March 1823, James Keith, M.D., Edinburgh, who died
1863, aged 80, and had issue —

i. Rev. William Alexander, vicar of Burham, Kent,
ii. Charles, died 1833.

iii. Isabella Napier, married, 1845, R^v. Thomas Louis
Trotter, rector of Great Stainton, and died 1857,
aged 32.

3. A son, born i8th March 1800.

4. Mary, bom 5th April 1801, died 1845.

VI. Thomas Maitland of Pogbie and Maitlandfield, born 15th
September 1803, married Janet Brown, and had issue.

1. Thomas. (See No. VII.)

2. Charles.

VII. Thomas Maitland, in 79th Highlanders, married, and
had issue, an only child, Margaret, who married, 1873, Edward
Stour, Solicitor, Manchester.

Maitland of Gimmersmills.

I. Alexander Maitland, by tradition a brother of Robert
Maitland of the Bass. As servitor to the Duke of Lauderdale,
had sasine of a tenement in Musselburgh and six riggs in Easter
Holmes in August 1672, was a macer in Court of Session,
but deprived 1684; as principal keeper of the money stamp
of Scotland had sasine of a tenement of land within the burgh
of Haddington, and \Z\ acres there in 1691, and died before
2nd May 1708. He married, 6th August 1657, Catherine
Cunningham, and had issue —

1. Patrick, bom 8th September 1658, died in infancy.

2. Elizabeth, born 26th July 1660, died in infancy.

3. Mary, born 31st December 1661, died 1747.

4. Charles, bom 27th Febmary 1663, macer in the Court of

Session, died at Haddington April 1728, married
Marion Law.

5. Elizabeth, born 29th July 1664,

6. Janet, born 15th June 1666, died 1758.

7. Isobel, born 2nd June 1668.

8. Jean, born 4th May 1670.

9. Catherine, bom 23rd May 1672.

* Dr. Alexander Maitland of Gimmerstnills (p. 94) always spoke of Colonel Charles
Maitland of Maitlandfield as his cousin on his paternal side.

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94 ^>4^ Scottish Antiquary ;

10. John, born 23rd July 1673, died s,p. ante 1678.

11. Anna, born 25th August 1675, died 1770.

12. Isobel (triplet), born 25th August 1675, died 1764.

13. Richard (triplet), born 2Sth August 1675, Lieutenant of

Invalids at Plymouth, died in the Canongate, August

1749.

14. Allison, born 13th January 1677.

15. Sophia, born 20th February 1678.

16. John. (See No. II.)

II. John Maitland (son of Alexander Maitland and Catherine
Cunningham), born 20th February 1678, went out in 1745, and
was a doctor in the army of Prince Charles, for which he was
forfeited and had to fly to France; died 1765; married Jean
M'Lachlan, and had issue.

III. Alexander Maitland, married Mary, daughter of Forrest
of Gimmersmills, near Haddington, and had issue —

1. Alexander. (See No. IV.)

2. John, M.D., lived with his uncle, George Forrest, Professor

of Natural Philosophy, St. Andrews.

3. Ann, died 1808, married, 22nd January 1755* John Ainslie,

and had issue, a daughter, Jean, born 1756.

IV. Alexander Maitland of Gimmersmills, M.D., born 1757,
died 6th December 1826, married (first), 14th February 1797,
Margaret Martin (died Oct. 8, 1802), and had issue —

1. Isabella, bom 28th October 1799.

2. Margaret, born 8th October 1802.

He married (second), 19th March 1804, Jean Wilson, and had
issue —

3. Mary, bom 14th May 1805.

4. George Forrest, born 8th June 1806, died s.p.

5. Jean, bom 2nd September 1807, dead.

6. John, born 15th October 1808, died in United States s.p.

7. Elizabeth, born 2nd August 18 11, dead.

8. Alexander, born 6th February 1813, father of Alexander,

bom 1839, who had two sons born in Missouri, U.S.A.

9. Agnes, born 4th November 18 14, died in Canada.

10. Robert, born i6th January 18 16.

11. David, born 9th September 181 7, died in Canada.

12. Charles, born i8th June 1819, of Bass Crest Brewery, Alloa,

married Mary Gardyne (who died 1881), and has issue —

i. Alexander John, bom 1853, married Louisa Hossack,
and has issue — {a) Charles, born 1881 ; {b) Alexander
John; {c) Louisa Jane; {d) Mary Gardyne; {e)
Sophia Jessie.

ii. Charles William Gorrie, born 1855, died 1891, un-
married.

iii. George, born 1856, died 1891, unmarried.

iv. William Gorrie, born i8$o.

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V. Robert James Peebles, bom 1862.

vL Gardyne, bom 1865.

vii. Jean Elizabeth.

viiL Mary Ellen.

ix. Jessie Agnes.

13. Helen, bom 4th June 1822, dead.

Note. — Alexander Maitland (son of Dr. Alex. Maitland of Gimmers-
mills), who settled in America, possesses the official matriculation
of arms similar to those granted in 1673 to Robert Maitland by
Lyon King.

Colonel Richard Maitland of the 3rd Foot Guards, said
to belong to the family of Soltra, was appointed ensign in the
regiment in the service of Holland, commanded by Colonel
James Maitland, by commission dated at Namur 15th July
1695. K^ married (first) Margaret Allan, and had issue —

1. Robert Richard, served heir to his brother Henry, loth

April 1738.

2. Pelham, also served heir to his brother, died at Edinburgh

7th September 1795, having had issue — Thomas Pelham,
bom at Dalkeith 30th April 1754.

3. Obrian, also served heir to his brother.

4. Henry Smith, died before loth April 1738.

5. Elizabeth, married Sir Gilbert Grierson of Lagg.

He married (second) Elizabeth, daughter of James Bell in
Glasgow, niece of Robert Bell, writer, Edinburgh, and had
issue —

6. James, served heir to his mother, grandfather, and grand-

uncle in 1750. Carrick Pursuivant.

CCXLH. James Ross of Balneil.— According to the account in
M*Kerlie's Lands and their Owners in Galloway (vol. i. p.
^53; see also Wood's Douglas's Peerage, vol. il p. 346),
James Ross of Balneil married Jean, younger daughter of
David Macgill of Cranstoun-Riddel, by whom he had three
daughters. Margaret, the eldest, married, 21st September 1643,
Sir James Dalrymple, first Viscount Stair (Wood's Douglas's
Peerage, vol. ii. p. 522); Christian married Thomas Dunbar
of Mochmm {Baronage, p. 117); and Elizabeth married, 22nd
September 1651, Robert FarquharofGilmilnscroft (Burke's Com-
moners, vol. ill. p. 23). M'Kerlie mentions elsewhere (vol. ii. p.
237), another daughter Janet, wife of John M'Dowall of Gillespie.

A. W. G. B.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Mediceval Lore, edited by Robert Steele. London : Elliot Stock. —
Mr. Steele has done well — he has wisely refrained from printing a full trans-
lation of the once popular work of Bartholomew Anglicus — for few readers

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96 The Scottish Antiquary,

would care to wade through it — he has given us a well-selected epitome
which cannot fail to interest the reader, and which is instructive as showing
the knowledge possessed by an intelligent ecclesiastic of the thirteenth
century, who wrote with fluency and with honesty of purpose. The various
subjects dealt with are Science, Manners, Medicine, Geography and Natural
History. Mr. Steele adds a useful bibliography and glossary, and supplies
an index. The work is sent out by Messrs. Elliot Stock & Co., in their
usual appropriate style. We give at page 77, note 541, an extract from the
work, being Bartholomew's description of Scotland.

History and Genealogy of the Bulloch Family ^ by Joseph G. Bulloch,M. D.,
Savannah, Ga., Braid & Hutton. — Dr. Bulloch has long been and still is
seeking for information about his ancestors in the female as well as the
male line. We must regard the volume lately issued by him as a first
instalment of a family history. As such it must manifestly be incomplete,
and further research will also show that some details are incorrect. He
occasionally falls into the common but dangerous mistake of jumping at
conclusions. As when he asserts (p. 33) that his ancestor the Reverend
Archibald Stobo, of the Darien Expedition, and then of Georgia, was * of
Stobo Castle,' which certainly was not the case, there being no family of
Stobo of that ilk in existence at the time. The arms attributed to Stobo
are said to be registered in the Lyon Office — they do not appear in the
Lyon King's recently issued work. Apart from these and other such like
blemishes the little book will not be without its use, and we wish Dr.
Bulloch every success in collecting such information as may induce
him to print not only an enlarged, but a corrected edition of his present
work.

Feet — its Meaning and Derivation^ by George Neilson, F.S.A., Scot. —
This paper is privately printed from the Transactions of the Glasgow
Archseological Society. We recommend our readers who have access to
the printed Transactions of the Glasgow Archaeological Society to read this
contribution to the right understanding of old Scottish phraseology. Peel
towers are often mentioned. Mr. Neilson helps us to understand what the
Peel really was.

An Historical and Genealogical Account of the Bethunes of the Island of
Sky, Reprint, London, 1893. — The original work was attributed to the
Reverend Thomas Whyte, minister of Liberton, and was printed in
pamphlet form in 1778. The editor of the reprint, Mr. Alfred A. Bethune-
Baker, has done well to reprint this interesting and rare work, which deals
with a branch of the well-known family of Bethune-Beaton or Beton. It
will be news to some of our readers to find that the Fifeshire Bethunes
established themselves not only in the Isle of Skye, but * in other places of
the North Country besides those in Skye.' The editor concludes his
prefatorial note by saying, * I shall be grateful for information which will
bring down any of the genealogies mentioned in these pages to a more
recent period, and shall gladly correspond with any one interested in the
subject' We hope our readers will assist Mr. Bethune-Baker, whose
address is 12 Old Square, Lincoln's Inn, W.C.

Notices of other books received are unavoidably postponed to next
number.

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iScottish Antiquar

Northern Notes and Queries

Published Quarterly

EDITED BY

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r.$J<. SCOT.,OONC. SCOT. HIS. fiOC, F. HU(

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MDCCCXCIV ^ I

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REGISTERS OF ST. BOTOLPH,

BISHOPSGATE, LONDON.

Vol. I. (now ready for binding). Contents : —

Transcript (597 pages), i. Marriages, 1 558-1753 ( i L350
entries). 2. Baptisms, 1558- 1628 (8850 entries).
3. Burials, 1 558-1628 (19,000 entries).

Index (225 pages of 3 columns small type).

Vol. II. {now ready for binding). Contents : —

Transcript (632 pages). Burials 1629-1752 (63,190

entries).
Index (206 pages of 3 columns small type).

Vol. III. Contents: —
Transcript (368 pages) already issued to subscribers.

Containing Baptisms, 1629-1690 (18,400 entries).
Index — In the press, will be issued in one part as soon

as possible.

NOTE.— These three volumes contain 1597 pages of transcript (many being
of double columns), and give 11,350 Marriages, 27,250 Baptisms, and 82,190
Burials, a grand total of 120,790 entries, making the publication the most
important work of the description which has been issued for some years.

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The Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes and Queries

CONTENTS.

Notes.

548.
549-
550.
551.

Records of the Rebellion of 1745, .
Torphichen Refuge Stones, .
Stirling and Murray Families,
A Tragic Romance of 300 Years

Ago

Ben Jonson's Visit to Edinburgh, .

553. Old Stirling Register, .

554. Kirk Session Records, .

Old Register of Marriages at Leith,

Camelodune, , . . .

Part Pedigree of Irving of Sicaills,

Scots in America, ....

559. Glassmakers, ....

560. Campbell of Ardchattan,

561. Sir James Macdonell, K.C.B.,

562. Englishmen in Scotland,

Queries.
CCXLIX. Lawrie Family, .
CCL. Clan Forbes, .

552.

555.
556.
557.
558.

PAGE

97,

102 I
109 I

III
XI3

"3 i
X17

"5 I

129 I

130 I

132 j
132

133 i
133 I

CCLI.

CCLII.

CCLIII.

CCLIV.

CCLV.

CCLVI.

CCLVII.

CCLVIII.

CCLIX.

CCLX.

CCLXI.
CCLXII.
CCLXIII.

Rhymer, .
Cunynghame of Gilbertfield
Ramsay, .
Campbell of Auchmannock
Attainders, 1745-46, *.
Bothwell Bridge Prisoners,
Gray, Scrymgeour, Crich

ton, Campbell,
Armourers at Doune,
Bethune Family,
Caithness Highlanders and

Breadalbane Fenciblcs,
Douglas, Captain Francis
Ross, General, .
Chaffee, .

137

Replies.
CCXXXV. Bulloch and Horn Family,
CCXLII. James Ross of Balneil,

PAGE
'38
138
138
139
139
139

139
140
141

141
141
X4I
143

142
142

137 I Notices of Books 143

Note."

'The Editor does not hold himself responsible for the opinions
or statements of Contributors,
All Communications to be sent to the Editor of^ The Scottish Antiquary'
The Parsonage, Alloa.

548. Records of the Rebellion of 1745. — {From the MSS, of the
late James Lucas y Writer^ Stirling), — Orders of the Rebel Army in 1746
while investing Stirling, and while in possession of the town —

Orders of 4th to 5th January 1745-6.

Bannockburn.

Parole — Henry and Essex.

The army sojourns in the quarters they are in to-morrow, except Glen-
bucket's regiment, which marches from their quarters to St. Ringans
to-morrow morning where Lord Ogilvy's and Roy Stewart's regiments are.
Lord Nairn's regiment relieves His Royal Highness' guard to-morrow.

VOL. VIII. — NO. XXXI. G

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98 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Elphinston's Guards are to be at His Royal Highness' quarters to-morrow
by break of day. A captain, lieutenant, and 50 men of Perth's regiment
will be ready to march and under arms at New Market at two o'clock in
the morning. The post of Lord George's regiment that is at Mr. Forrester's
house will be relieved in the afternoon. The majors of the regiments to
assemble to-morrow at eleven o'clock for orders.

Orders from sth to 6th January 1745-6.

Bannockbum (His Royal Highness' Quarters), Ogilvy, St. Ringans.

Parole — Edward and Stirling.

The army sojourns here to-morrow. Lochiel's regiment relieves His
Royal Highness' guard. He will likewise furnish an intelligent active
officer with 50 men at Mr. Forrester's house near the river, of which he
will detach an officer and 20 men, in a little house near the river, to
hinder any boats from going up with provisions to the town, as corn, meal,
biscuit, bread, or coals, and will oblige all the boats that are going up or
coming down the river to come to them, seize on the boats, and send the
people to His Royal Highness' quarters to be examined. The regiments
in their different posts will be very alert, and not fail to have guards and
make their patrols regularly.

Glenbucket's, Roy Stewart's, and Ogilvy's regiments will furnish the
same number of men they did this day to make fascines. The Hussars
will patrol in the quarters they are in.

Athole's brigade are not to take possession of the miln till night.

Orders from 6th to 7 th January 1745-6.
Parole — Charles and Stirling.

The army holds themselves in readiness to march to-morrow. The
majors are to come to-morrow at ten o'clock to His Royal Highness'
quarters, to receive orders whether they will march or not Lochiel's
regiment mounts His Royal Highness' guard, and they will furnish like-
wise 70 men, viz., a captain, lieutenant, and 50 men at Carse Mill, and an
officer and 20 men in a farm called Broadlies, a little east of Livilands.
Mr. Christie, adjutant of Duke of Perth's regiment, will place them.
These two posts of 70 men are to assemble this night as soon as possible
at New Mercat, where they will meet with the Duke of Perth's regiment ;
these two posts will send a man from each of them to conduct those that
come to relieve them of the same regiment The officers of these posts
are not to let anybody pass into the town or come out of it, but to seize
upon them (to secure the provisions or letters), if they are bringing any in,
and these that are going out, oblige them to return after they are searched.
They are to have continual patrols during the night from one post to
another. Roy Stewart's, Ogilvy's, and Glenbucket's regiments will furnish
a captain, lieutenant, and 50 men in the village of Newhouse, a captain,
lieutenant, and 50 men in East Livilands, and they will furnish likewise
the same number of men for the fascines. Mr. Grant will pay them
to-morrow for what they have done already. My Lord Nairne's regiment
will furnish a captain, lieutenant, and men in the village of Torbreck.
Athole's brigade will furnish 150 men to make fascines. Mr. Grant will
be at their quarters to give them directions how to make them. The
men shall be paid for their labour. All the posts that form the blockade
of Stirling are to be extremely vigilant to let nobody come in or go out of

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the town, and to have continual patrols, especially at night. Perth's
regiment will relieve to-morrow their posts at Mr. Forrester's house.

Orders from 7th to 8th January 17456.

Bannockbum.

Parole — John and Canterbury.

LochieFs regiment relieves His Royal Highness* guard to-morrow, and
will relieve likewise the two posts of 70 men, viz., the post of an officer
and 20 men at the farm called Broadlies, below the house of East Livi-
lands, and a captain, lieutenant, ensign, and 50 men at Carsemiln, which
are to observe the most exact guard and patrol, and to order them to fire
upon any man, without distinction, that does not come to the guard at
a call, and that neither man nor woman be suffered to come out or go
into the town. Roy Stewart's, Ogilvy's, and Glenbucket*s regiments will
furnish the same guards as last night, viz., a captain, lieutenant, ensign,
and 50 men in the village of Newhouse, the like number in East Livilands ;
this post is to sustain, in case of necessity, the post of Lochiel's regiment
that are in the farm and mill above mentioned ; they will furnish likewise
the same number for the fascines. Athole's brigade will receive orders
this night, and will be posted according to His Royal Highness' orders.
Perth's regiment will relieve the post of His Royal Highness' equipage,
the post of Forrester's house, and will be very active, for what is already
consigned to them, in not suffering any boats to go up or come down the
river, and to hinder all persons going or coming from the town of Stirling.
It is very strictly recommended to all the colonels and officers to be
extremely vigilant, and keeping their troops always in readiness to march
at a call.

Orders from 8th to 9th January 1746.

Stirling, St. Ringans.

Parole — Drummond and Perth.

Athole's brigade relieve the posts they furnish this night
Ogilvy's, Roy Stewart's, and Glenbucket's will likewise relieve the posts
they furnished.

The posts that are actually for the blockade of the Carse of Stirling,
are 50 men at the Duke of Argyle's house; 100 men at the main guard ;
100 men on the churchyard ; 100 men at the Meal Market which furnish
30 men at the Borrow's Port, and 15 men on the Friars' Wynd; 50 men
at the post of the Bridge. The officers of these posts are to be extremely
vigilant and not only to visit their sentries, but that the officers shall make
rounds of all the posts at different hours.

Orders from loth to nth January 1745-6.

Stirling.

Parole — Henry and York.

The guards are to be relieved at three this afternoon, as follows, viz.,

the Athole brigade furnishes 150 men, of which 100 at the Duke of

Argyle's house, and the 50 at the main guard ; Lord Ogilvie's 50 men at the

main guard ; Duke of Perth's regiment, 50 men for the church and the

minister's house ; Glenbucket 50 for the Borrowgate and Friars' Wynd ;

Roy Stewart's 50 men at Saint Mary's Wynd gate; Duke of Perth's

furnishes a field officer, who is to see that all the officers and soldiers of

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the different guards be very alert in their duty, and all those that are not on
duty in case of an alarm, which is to be by pipe and drum, are to assemble
immediately with their arms in the market-place near the main guard.
The officers of the different guards are to take particular care that all the
men's arms be fixed, well charged and primed, and that they be most exact
in challenging and stopping all persons until examined by the commanding
officer of the guard. These are by the order of Major-General Gordon,
commander in chief of His Royal Highness' troops in Stirling.

Orders for the nth to 12th January 1746.
Stirling.
Parole — Charles and Athole.
By order of Major-Genl. Gordon, Colonel Innes and Major Gordon,
officers of the piquet. The guards are to be relieved at two this afternoon,
as follows : fifty men of Genl. Gordon's, and 50 of Col. Roy's at the Duke
of Argyle's house; 133 men of the Duke of Athole's brigade, and 17 men
of the Duke of Perth's, they will mount the main guard and the guard at
the minister's house ; 50 men of Lord Ogilvy's at the Burgh Port and
Friar Wynd ; 50 men of the Duke of Perth at Saint Mary Wynd gate.
All that are not on duty, in case of an alarm, which is to be notified by
pipe and drum, are to assemble immediately, with their arms, on the
market-place near the main guard. The officers of the different guards
are to take particular care that their men's arms be well fixed, charged,
and primed, and that they be most exact in challenging and stopping all
persons until examined by the commanding officer of the guard. The
majors are to attend particularly each morning after this by ten o'clock at
the general's quarters to receive orders. The officers of each particular
guard are ordered each morning to make a report to the general of their
guard.

Orders from the 12th to the 13th January 1746.

Stirling.

Parole — Stewart and Gordon.

The Athole brigade mounts the guard at the Duke of Argyle's house
with 100 men, and the Burrow Port and Friar Wynd guards with 33 men ;
the minister's house with 50 of Colonel Stewart's, and the main guard
with 60 of Lord Ogilvie's ; and 50 of Glenbucket's at Mary's Wynd gate.
Officers of Piquet, Sir Wm. Gordon and Kynachin. The orders to be
observed as given out yesterday.

The different guards room to be immediately furnished with sufficiency
of coals and candles, the streets to be lighted with lamps as usual, and
lanthorns to be placed at the doors of the houses where the field officers
quarter, and a dozen of lanthorns to be provided for visiting the different
posts ; that none of the soldiers walk the streets without their arms, and
that the guards be relieved at twelve o'clock. All that are not on guard
to be in readiness in case of an alarm, which is to be notified by the pipers
playing.

Orders of 13th to 14th January.

Parole — Charles and James.

Colonel Roy Stewart and Major Fletcher on the Piquet. The guards

are as follows, to be relieved at two o'clock this afternoon. Lord Ogilvy

furnishes 50 men, and the Athole brigade 50 more for guard at Duke of

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Argyle's house. Athole brigade 50 men on Saint Mary's Wynd Port
Gate ; 50 of Glenbucket's and 50 of Col. Roy's at the main guard and the
ministePs house.

Athole brigade furnishes 33 men more for the Burrow Port 2 men
out of each of the 5 above regiments are with a sergeant to mount guard
on the Friar Wynd, over and above these above-mentioned numbers.
The rest of the orders as formerly given, and are strictly to be observed.

Orders for the 14th to the 15th Jan. 1746.
Stirling.
Parole — Wallace's Oak.
Colonel Forbes and Major Patrick Stewart, officers of the Piquet
The guards are to be relieved at two o'clock this afternoon precisely.
The Duke of Perth furnishes 100 men for the Duke of Argyle's house.
The Irish Piquets furnishes 50 men for the minister's house ; Glenbucket
furnishes 50 men for the main guard ; Lord Ogilvy furnishes 50 men for
St. Mary's Wynd Port ; Col. Roy 50 for the Burrow Port and Friar Wynd.
The Duke of Perth, besides the above 100 men, relieves the guards on
the ship and the boat, 30 to the first and 10 to the last All the rest of
the orders as formerly given out are strictly to be observed ; particularly
the men and officers that are off duty are in case of alarm to assemble at
the market-place. A sergeant and two men out of each battalion are to
meet Major Gordon at the Burrow Port to get out powder and ball at
twelve o'clock this day, which ammunition is to be carried to the main
guard where it is to be divided among the different corps.

15 th to 1 6th.

Stirling.

Parole — Charles and Stirling.

1 6th to 17th.

Stiriing.

Parole — Gordon and Drummond.

Guards — Blockade and Trenches.

Thursday night, the i6th January 1746. The ground broken a little
below the Bridge Port.

Friday, 17th. Lord Ogilvy's two battalions marched out of Stirling to
review at Bannockburn, from whence marched, with Royal Standard in
second line, to hill above Falkirk, where the Prince engaged the enemy,
under General Hawley, routed them, took their artillery, baggage, ammuni-
tion, and tents, and quartered that night in Falkirk. Two men of Lord
Ogilvy's killed and three wounded. A standard taken.

Saturday loth. We marched back to Stirling to assist at the siege.
Sunday in the trenches, as also Monday and Tuesday.

Note. — The foregoing orders were copied from the original in the
possession of the Earl of Moray at his seat of Dunibirstle. ' Forrester's
House ' is the farmhouse of Cockspow adjacent to Polmaise. The picket
there commanded the River Forth at Fallin.

Note by the present transcriber. — * The Duke of Argyle's house ' is now
the Military Hospital in Castle Wynd. * The Minister's House,' originally
a pre-Reformation almshouse, stood close to the east end of the East
Church. It was taken down in 1824.

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General Blackeney's Orders for the Defence of the Town of Stirling —

Stirling Castle, -^January 1745-6.
Sir, — I approve of your keeping a good lookout this night and to-
morrow morning. I will make a disposition to receive the rebells with
powder and ball. — I am, Sir, your most obedient humble servant.

Will. Blackeney.
To Commissary Finlayson in Stirling.

Instructions for the Forces in the town of Stirling.

The six companies of the County Volunteers to have their alarm post at
the upper end of the Meal Market, and to mount guard by companies, one
company at the Burrow's Port, and another company at the Fryar's Wynd.
Captain Erskine's company's alarm post to be at the Brest Work, the
lower end of the Meal Market, and to furnish a guard of a sergeant, corporal,
and twelve men at that Brest Work.

These seven companies to be under the command of Captain Little.

The five companies of the Town Volunteers to have their alarm post
at the Cross, and to furnish a captain and subaltern with forty men to the
main guard, and two subalterns and forty men to the Mary Wynd, these
companies to be under the command of Captain Finlayson.

The detachments under Captain Hamilton's command to have their
alarm post on the Castle Hill, and to have an officer and thirty men to keep
guard at the School House, and a sergeant and twelve men at the Valley.

The Perth company to joyn these detachments and to be under the
command of Captain Hamilton, who is to take care in case of an alarm to
secure the communication on both sides of the way from the Duke of
Argyle's House to the Castle.

The Commanding Officer at each alarm post to send speedy succour
to any of his posts that shall happen to be attacked.

The Magistrates are desired to have a watchful eye over the Jacobites,
and to call on the troops in town for help if need, who are hereby required
to be aiding and assisting to them.

All the troops to maintain their posts to the last extremity, but if over-
powered they are to retreat in the best order they can to the Castle, the
men taking care to prime and load their arms as they march, face about
and fire, which will give a great check to the enemy in their pursuit.

Captain Hamilton's detachment to be the last to retreat. — Given under
my hand at Stirling Castle this fourth day of January 1745-6.

{Signed) Will. Blackeney.

NoU. — The Meal Market was in King Street (a name given in honour
of the accession of George iv.). The Brest Werk was the New Port, the
site of which has recently been marked in the causeway of King Street
The School House was the old Grammar School (now the MiHtia Store)
in Castle Wynd. The Valley is now part of the cemetery. One of the
five companies of Town Volunteers is said to have been commanded by
the famous Rev. Ebenezer Erskine. W. B. Cook.

Stirling.

549. ToRPHiCHEN Refuge Stones. — Having read with much interest
an article in the Edinburgh Architectural Magazine describing a set of
four Refuge Stones placed a mile equidistant north, south, east, and west
of Torphichen Parish Church, Linlithgowshire, I made up my mind, if

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I04 The Scottish Anliqtiary.

ever in that neighbourhood, I would try and find them, and take sketches
of them if the quest were successful. Last summer I was in Linlithgow-
shire, and made a bee-line to Torphichen Preceptory, from thence to start
operations. The Preceptory or Quhair was built by the Knights of
St. John, and it may not be out of place here to give a short account of
their history.

The Knights of Jerusalem were the outcome of religious merchants
who traded between Melphi, near Naples, and the Holy Land. They, in
their journeying to and fro, saw to what straits pilgrims to the Holy
City were put, by want of authorised accommodation, and having pro-
mised a small yearly tribute to the Calif of Egypt, were allowed to erect
a monastery and church on their behalf. In 1104, when Jerusalem was
captured by Godfrey of Bouillon, he removed them to new buildings
dedicated to St. John, which name they added to that they already
had. Saladin eighty-three years afterwards expelled them, and they were
driven westward from one point to another, till in 1534 they settled in
Malta, and took the name of Knights of Malta. No one born out of
wedlock save sons of kings or princes could be admitted as a Johannite.

Fourteen years after the Knights of Jerusalem had taken the additional
name of St. John, another religious body took up their abode in Jerusalem
as guardians of the Temple. They were termed Templars, or Red Friars.
For supposed malpractices they in 131 2 had their lands confiscated, which
became the property of the older order of St. John. They founded many
religious houses in all countries, the chief one in Scotland, Torphichen
Preceptory in West Lothian, still retains in good preservation the north
and south transept and central tower. Their privileges were thus stated
by Alexander 11. of Scotland : —

*Deo Sancti Johanni, fratribus hospitalis de Torphichen, omnes
donationes terrarum, hominum, tenementorum eleemosinarum, quae iis
rationabiliter factae sunt, tam in ecclesiis quam in aliis possessionibus
mundanis, cum sock sack, cum thol them.'

Now, having freed my mind from the foregoing dry details, I may
retiurn to the Preceptory. The central stone stands at the west end of
where the nave stood, and it is from it that the measurements have been
taken for the four outlying ones. It possesses some peculiarities, having a
cross cut on the top, and what appears to be cup markings on the side. I
got a small child of ten years old to stand by the stone as a sort of guide
to height {^ide sketch). From thence I started to look for the stones \ the
names I knew denoted the district in which they were — Craigmaling,
Westfield, Couston, and Lochcote. The stones indicate the boundary of
an area, held sacred many centuries ago, and where all fugitives from
punishment found a haven. One mile as the crow flies, I found to my
cost, is a very different length than by road. Craigmaling stone, which
has an archbishop's or upright cutting, with two transverse bars, stands on
the top of the Witches' Crag. I reached it through many perils,
such as routing cows, jubilant horses, and high stone walls. From it
the Quhair is not visible owing to a fir plantation, which lies * foment '
the dyke into which it is built. There is, I believe, not far from it
*a preaching stone,' but I had not time or sufficient strength to go
up higher! Also I passed what looked a font, in the comer of a
field, out of which a sleepy cow was drinking. In fact, one comes
across, all round about Torphichen, stones built into dykes or used as

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^^^^A)f.,,iJ/f/J/J777/^/i

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The Scottish Antiquary, 109

lintels to doors, gates, etc., which evidently have been brought from the
Precepbory — a convenient quarry. Westfield stone lies in a fir plantation.
I lay down and grubbed under it with my hand, but did not feel any
carving. *I wunner ye werena feared a stoat wud nip yir hanV a
man remarked, * or mebbe a snadrakin ! ' This stone the natives called
*a covenanting stone.* Couston was more easily found, as the late
Lord Selkirk of St. Mary's Isle had got it erected in the middle of a
field for all eyes to see. ' His lordship held an awfu* tred wi' it, an' aye
brocht ony fremb folk to see it,* a woman told me as I was inquiring in
which direction it lay. Lochcote stone was the most disappointing. I
was very doubtful of it, but was assured that it was the fourth Refuge
Stone. It stood in the middle of a potato field, and alas! the glory had
departed from it, as it was a prop to tie a scarecrow to. I closed my book,
and hastened homewards across the fields, which were traversed by the
level bars of the fast departing sun, to bed, perchance to dream, that I
was flying towards the sanctuary of my ambition — publication, and
pursued by irate editors with waste-paper baskets !

C. H. M. Johnstone.

550. Stirling and Murray Families. — The following genealogical
difficulty seems to be of sufficient general interest to justify its submission
to the readers of the Scottish Antiquary-. —

In The Stirlings of Keir and their Family Papers^ by (Sir) William
Fraser, it is stated at p. 58 et seq, that Sir John Stirling of Garden, who
was born ante 30th September 1595, and died 15th April 1643, h^<^>
among other children, a second son Archibald, born 9th June 161 7, and
a fourth son James, born 30th May 1622. The former became a man
of some distinction, was knighted, and was nominated Senator of the
College of Justice in 1661 ; and, as eldest surviving son, succeeded to the
principal family estate of Keir on the death of a cousin in June 1667.
The latter was an officer in the army and attained the rank of major. He
married before 1675 Margaret, daughter of Colonel James Innes, third
son of Sir Robert Innes, Bart, first of Balveny, by whom he is represented
to have had two sons, James and Francis, and four daughters.

The eldest son, James, died without issue before 30th April 1698;
the second, Francis, * became a colonel in the army. He married Agnes,
daughter of Robert Murray, third son of Sir Archibald Murray of
Blackbarony, Bart., by whom he had two daughters, Frances and Barbara.'
Agne3 Murray survived her husband, and married, secondly, Colonel
Robert Keith of Craig, by whom she became the ancestress of the family
of Murray Keith.

Her elder daughter, Frances Stirling, was married in 17 15 to Robert
Montgomerie, afterwards Sir Robert, sth Bart, of Skelmorlie ; an interesting
letter from whom, regarding his marriage, is to be found in the Memorials
of the Montgomeries, and is also printed at p. 532 of the Stirlings. of Keir.
It is dated 30th December 17 15, and contains the announcement that
his wife was already in the way to become a mother. The issue of the
marriage was three daughters, the eldest of whom, Lilias Montgomerie,
was married, nth June 1735, to her distant kinsman, James Montgomerie
of Coilsfield, and thus carried the Skelmorlie estates back to the house of
Eglinton.

But the parentage above assigned to Frances Stirling seems to be

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disproved by certain documents recorded in the Particular Register of
Sasines, Edinburgh, etc. It must be premised that George, Earl of
Wintoune, owed certain sums of money to a creditor, who assigned the
debt to Colonel James Innes, sometime of Drimmie, but then of Easter
Denoon. Part of the money was paid, but the Earl granted an annual
rent of 600 merks, to be uplifted from the lands of Seatoune, in satisfaction
of the balance. This annual rent ultimately devolved, after the death of
Colonel Innes and his spouse, on his son and heir, George Innes, who, in
accordance with a bond of provision executed by his father, transferred
half of it to a brother, William, and half to his sister-german Margaret
Innes, then (1675) spouse to Captain Stirling in the town of Berwick.
The following are brief abstracts of the documents referred to : —

Sasine to James Stirling, only sone and air procreat betwixt James
Stirling, brother-gerraan to Sir Archibald Stirling of Keir, and Margaret
Innes his spouse, of an annual rent of 300 merks furth of the lands of
Seatoune. Proceeding on precept of Clare Constat granted by George,
Earl of Wintoune, superior of the said annual rent, in favors of said James
Stirling as nearest and lawful heir to the deceased Margaret Innes, his
mother. Registered 30th December 1682. (Particular Register of
Sasines, Edinburgh, etc., vol. 35, fol. 352.)

Again, on the 20th March 1699, Marie, Anne, and Margaret Stirlings,
sisters to umquhile James Stirling, only lawful son to James Stirling,
brother-german to umquhile Sir Archibald Stirling of Keir, knight, procreat
betwixt him and Margaret Innes his spouse, had sasine of an annual rent
of 300 merks furth of the lands of Seatoune. Proceeding on precept of
Clare Constat granted by George, Earl of Wintoune, superior of the said
annual rent, in their favors, etc. Registered 6th May 1699. (i^/Vf., vol.
59, fol. 426.)

It seems clear from these records that notwithstanding that the accom-
plished author of the Stirlings of Keir had all the family papers before
him, he has been betrayed into an error in thinking that the father of
Dame Frances Stirling or Montgomerie was the son of Margaret Innes
wife of Major James Stirling. Margaret Innes died shortly before the 13th
May 1 68 1. This is proved by a letter from her husband printed at p. 518.
The dates make it impossible that Dame Frances should have been grand-
daughter of Major James by a subsequent marriage. Who then was her
father? Could he have been son of Major James (who was born in
1622), by a former marriage? Her husband, Robert Montgomerie, says
in the letter above referred to, printed at p. 532 (which is addressed to
his uncle) : — * When you use to press me to marrie you always told me
that you did not value money providing the woman I took was of a good
and vertuous character and of a good familie. The first is what nobody
that ever knew her doubt of, and for the last when you knowe that she is
immediatly come off Keir's and Blackbarronies families you'll be con-
vinced. ... If you *ll but frankly pardon the only crime of consequence
I 'm persuaded her unkle will doe for her handsomley, so that our furder
hapines depends upon your and Mr. Robert Murray's meeting, which hope
you *11 order soon.'

No light is thrown on the question by the settlements of this uncle. He
was a successful merchant of Edinburgh who in 1725 purchased Halmyre,
Co. Peebles, from his cousin Walter Murray, who possessed the property
Jure mariti by marriage with the heiress, Sophia Johnstoun. Robert

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Murray changed its name to Murrayshall. He executed an entail dated
25th April 1739, ^^^ recorded in the Register of Tailzies (vol. 10, p. 229),
by which he settled his landed property on his nephew Robert Keith,
afterwards Ambassador at Vienna, son of the second marriage of his
sister Agnes ; who was ' expressly bound to carry and bear my coat-of-
arms as a grandchild of the family of Blackbarony by my father, with a
proper distinction, in conjunction with his own armorial coat' In his
latter will, also dated 25th April 1739, and confirmed in the Commissariot
of Edinburgh 7th August 1744, the only allusion to the first marriage of
his sister Agnes is as follows : — * Item to Barbara Sterling my niece, lawful
daughter to the deceased Lieutenant Collonell Sterling, ane yearly annuity
of 300 Merks Scots' (sicva cop. Deeds, Mack, i6th March 1743).

The possession of this annuity would seem to have had the proverbial
effect on the lady's constitution if she was, as stated in the Stirlings of
Keir^ p. 60, the * Mrs. Barbara Stirling, daughter of Lt Colonel Stirling,'
who died on the 25th March 1795, aged loi {Scots Magazine^ vol.
Ivii. p. 207).

The father of Robert Murray of Murrayshall was also named Robert.
He 'entered prentice to Alexander Lowre, merchand, for fyv yeiris' on
13th April 1636 (Edinburgh Burgess Rolls). His wife's name and
parentage are not recorded in any of the usual sources of information.
She may possibly have been Jonet Monteith, daughter of Alexander
Monteith, merchant burgess of Edinburgh, and perhaps sister of William
Monteith, also a wealthy merchant in Edinburgh, who acquired the
Barony of Carriber in 1640. Robert Murray of Murrayshall left legacies
to two grandchildren of William Monteith 100 years later, when they
seem to have been in very reduced circumstances.

Can any contributor say who was the father of Dame Frances Stirling
or Montgomerie, or the mother of Robert Murray of Murrayshall ?

R. E. B.

551. A Tragic Romance of nearly 300 years ago (printed from
the Scotsman of November 8, 1893, with kind permission of the author). —
Within the past few days has been brought to light an interesting memorial
closely connected with a sad episode in the early career of * that most
famous wit,' William Drummond of Hawthornden. Although Drummond
died in 1649, it is only during the present year that a monument has been
erected to mark his resting-place in Lasswade churchyard, where it was
unveiled on the 21st October. By what to many may seem a strange
coincidence, so recently as the 13th of October a tombstone was discovered
which is undoubtedly that of the young lady (a Miss Cunningham) who
died, nearly three centuries ago, just before the day fixed for her marriage
with the poet. The stone was found, upon the occasion of a drain being
formed within the ancient churchyard of Crail, about 18 inches below the
surface, and immediately to the east of the vestry or session-house — a
position, therefore, at one time almost exactly in the centre of the chancel,
which extended 20 feet beyond the present east gable of the church.

This relic, measuring about 31 by 36 inches, and of a very soft sand-
stone, has formed the upper half of a large flat slab. Unfortunately, the
inscription at the head is almost entirely worn away, and no trace of the
lower portion of the stone could be discovered. Enough remains, how-
ever, to positively identify it as having commemorated a daughter of

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Alexander Cunningham, of West Barns, and one who died before 1620 in
her nineteenth year. The still surviving record runs : —

HIC • lACET • VIRGO -HO

BARNIS • OBIIT • AN • DO • l6l . . .
E • (sv)iE 19,

while upon a shield in the centre of the fragment are the arms of Cunning-
ham— a shake-fork with a star in chief — with, at the sides, the large
initials E. C. Below is the text —

'ALTHOH • THE • VORMS
MY • FLESH ■ EAT • IN

THIS • PLACE
ZIT • I • SAL • SE • MV '

(here the stone is broken ofi).

The armorial bearings are precisely the same as those which still exist
upon an old carved oak panel in the south aisle of Crail Church, together
with the initials A. C. (Alexander Cunningham), and the date 1605. Not
far from this panel is another with the initials H. M. at either side of a
shield bearing three roundels — the arms of Helen Myrton, daughter of
Thomas Myrton of Cambo, and wife of Alexander Cunningham of Bams,
whom she married in 1596 — these being certainly the parents of Drum-
mond's fiancee.

Hitherto no sepulchral memorial of any of the Cunninghams could be
found at Crail, although they had possessed the estate of West Barns
(about a mile west from the burgh) for four centuries from the year 1376.

Some time ago the present writer unsuccessfully endeavoured to ascer-
tain the Christian name of the young lady who was to have wedded
Drummond of Hawthornden ; but, judging from such as are known to
have occurred in the Cunningham and Myrton families, and from the clue
now received, it was probably Elizabeth.

The death, from a fever, of (?) Elizabeth Cunningham upon the very
eve of her intended marriage, must have taken place in the year 161 5, at
the early age of nineteen. It was in the following year that Drummond
published his * Poems — Amorous, Funerall, Divine, Pastorall ' (printed by
Andro Hart), in which the * First part ' of the principal piece celebrates the
charms of his chosen bride, and his distress at her temporary absence ;
while the * Second part * consists of bitter lamentations over her untimely
death —

* I have nought left to wish, my Hopes are dead,
And all with her beneath a Marble laid.'

If (as is commonly believed, and seems for many reasons highly probable)
Drummond was really the author of * Polemo-Middinia,* he must have
penned that famous Macaronic as a playful skit upon some right-of-way
dispute between his sister. Lady Scot of Scotstarvit (often resident at Sir
John Scot's house of Thirdpart), and the parents of Miss Cunningham,
who were close neighbours.

As is well known, Drummond ultimately married, in 1632, Elizabeth
Logan, to whom, indeed, it is said that he was first attracted by some
resemblance in her to his lost bride.

The newly-discovered tombstone is of a common seventeenth-century
type — a * through stone ' lettered round the border with an epitaph coni-

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mencing *Hic iacet honorabilis vir,' 'Heir lys ane honest young man,'
* Heir lies ane honest and virtuous gentlewoman/ * Heir lyes ane faithful
brother in Christ/ or so forth — the general formula being closely observed.
Any student of the subject must admit that there was (and, for that matter,
still is) a strongly-marked fashion even in tombstones. E. B.

552. Ben Jonson's Visit to Edinburgh (from Scotsman, Oct. 18,
1893). — In opening the class of English Literature, Professor Masson gave
an address descriptive of the visit to Scotland in 1 618 of Ben Jonson, and in
the course of it he made special reference to the fact that during Jonson's
stay in Edinburgh he was made an honorary burgess of the city. As the
event had not received the attention it deserved, Professor Masson said he
would state the facts, as he had had access to the original records. In the
preserved record of the Town Council, there might be read the entry
that, on the 25th September 1618, the Provost and Magistrates, after
transacting some other business, authorised the Dean of Guild to make
'Benjamin Jonson, Englishman,' a burgess and guild brother. The
Town Council appeared to have been resolved that it would not be right
and fitting that the admission of. such a distinguished Englishman to the
freedom of Edinburgh should be a mere form of handshaking in an
ordinary Council meeting, but that it should be marked in some more
memorable way. The proof of that was furnished by a minute of a
meeting of Council, held three weeks after the admission of Jonson as a
guild brother, at which the treasurer was authorised to pay to one James
Ainslie the sum oi £,221, 6s. 4d., 'disbursed by him upon the dinner to
Ben Jonson.' The reckoning was in pounds Scots, and the sum must
have, in those days, provided a very handsome banquet indeed. Oh
that they could have had a reporter present at the banquet to note what
took place in some famous tavern in the High Street, when the then Lord
Provost, Sir William Nisbet, must have occupied the chair, and Ben must
have responded to his heahh amid acclamation ! There must have been
a liberal supply of the choicest Scottish dishes on the table, and the con-
sumption of wine must have been immense. The habit of giving honorary
burgesses their tickets in gold or silver caskets was not then observed, but
they had evidence that Ben Jonson's burgess ticket was about as hand-
some as could be devised in those days, in the fact that at the end of the
financial year the accounts of the Dean of Guild contained a payment of
;^i6, 6s. 8d. to one Alexander Paterson for producing the burgess ticket,
after three writings.

553. Old Stirling Register {continued from p, 86). —

1590.
Dec. 24. Jone Stevinsone, son of James Stevinsone and EUt. rutherfurd

W, George spittell, Johnne fargusson, zwng, Wm. toir, Patrik

Drumond.
,. „ Issobell ro^sone, daughter of Andro ro^sone and Cathrein

Moresone. W. Dunca patsone, malt, cristopher cairns,

bax., James ro'sone, flesher, henrie mayne in cars miln.
„ 27. Wm. Moresone, son of Johnne Moresone and Cathreine cowane.

W. crystie sword, m., finlay caw, m., Thomas anifson, mch,

VOL. VIIL — NO. XXXI. H

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114 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Wm. fothringame, m., Jone leishman, cawtioner for ye beleif.

(torn) ? Wallace.

Dec. 31. Elit. wre, daughter of James Wre and Elit. hog. W. Wm.
Aissone in thoud (?), James Aissone, m., Edward hall, m.,
Johnne hall, cordener.
Jan. 3. James grahame, son of James grahame and grissell callendar.
JV. Jone name, mchand, James garrw in corntoun, James
Kincaid.
„ Jone Aissone, son of Williame aissone and Elit. Scharar. IV,
Johnne Scharar, mchand, James Aissone, m., Johnne Wille-
sone, m.
7. Margaret thomesone, daughter of Rot. thomesone and hellein
layng. JV. Wm. lawsone, inchand, Jone layng, matraa, Rot.
rotsone, pewderer.
14. Agnes forester, daughter of David forester of logy and Jonet
alschunder. W, Johnne forester, sone to Alexr. forester of
garden, archebauld alexr., mchand, Johnne patirsone,
inchand.
17. James Drumond, son of Mr. Moreis druffiond and agnes
drumond. IV. James Mentayt. of Randefurde, Mr. Niniane
drud., sone to ye laird of Rickartoun, James Reddot. of
Cam bus.
20. Rot. henrie, son of Thomas henrie, webster, and Jonet Donald-
sone. JV. Wra. forsyt. in bogwhodrok, Johnne Robein, y.,
Rot. Donaldsone, y.
„ Sibilla kinross, daughter of Patrik kinross and crislane Alexr.

IV. David forester of logy, James Watsone, mcha.
„ John iGvingjtonG (sic) Name, son of Alexr. Name and Margaret

levingstone. IV. Wm. Murray [torn] to ye king [torn].
24. Barbara Ewein, daughter of John Ewein, maissone, and Hellein
Cunynghame. W. Johnne Gib, qwarior, Johnne Gib, el**,
cuitler, Johnne Mwreson, mchand, Duncan Zwng, mchand.
31. Jone Gib, son of Johnne Gib, cuitler, and Issobell blackbume.
JV. Johnne Kincaid, cuitler, Jone M*bene, Alexr. downy,
maltmS, Waltir blakburn, web.
„ James drli**, son of Mr. Wm. drS** and Cristane bradie.
JV. Mr. Moreis Drumond, Jone dru"* of Kirkhill, Ard.
Cwnynghame, andro bowrie, James drii**.
„ Jone Wilsone, son of Johnne Wilsone and hellein Wilsone.
JV. George forest, in schiphawt, James Richardsone, y., Jone
Maleice, cSbuskn.
„ Jone levingston, son of Mr. henrie levingstone and Agnes gray.
JV. Johnne, Mr. of Mar, Mr. Johnne Colvill of Stramdie,
Provost.
Feb. 7. Andro Cuthbert, son of Johnne cuthbert and Cristane car.
JV, Andro lowrie, fnch**, Thomas downy, smyt, Johnne
Millar, cowp, Alexr. dunca, litst.
„ „ Williame gichane, son of Johnne gichane and Marjorie Philp.
JV. Wm. Watsone, baxt, gilbert crystison, ski, Thomas scot,
tailzor, Wm. lausone, m.

This bairne was borne in S. Ninians paroch & baptezit at
request of ye mister /of

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OTy Nor I kern Notes and Queries. 1 1 5

fors.
Feb. 10. harie (?) gray, son of Andro gray [torfi] of dnnenan [torn\ IV.

d^ zwng, mchand, dcS patsone, maltma, henrie ma3me in

carse miln.
,, 14. Alexr. hendirsone, son of Johnne hendirsone and Jonet zwng.

Wi Andro Andirsone, baxt., andro liddell, tailzor, Wm.

Watsone, baxt
,, „ Marione hen'^sone, daughter of George hendirsone and Marione

Machim. IV. Gilbert Mastertoun, Rot. rotsone, wryt., Alexr.

rotsone, wryt, Donald M*corrane.
fors.
,, 18. Andro Cwnynghame, son of Cristopher cwnynghatne and mar-

garet layng. W. Andro cowane, m., Johnne Willesone, m.,

Johnne Donaldsone, m., James cwnynghame.
., 25. Cathrein browne, daughter of Alexr. browne and Jonet bwrne.

IV Jone hwttone in cott cars, Mr. Alexr. JulL
„ 28. Jonet Adame, daughter of Thomas adame and Marione Wil-

sone. IV. Thomas Moderall in cambuskynt, Rot. stevinsone

in ye auld Park, Jon wryt, in craig in fort
fors.
Mar. 2. Cathreine hudsone, daughter of Jone hudsone and agnes hairt.

IV. Jone fargussone, bax., Jone Miln, tailzor.
„ 4. Jonet inschell, daughter of Jone inschell and sara kincaid. JV.

Andro liddell, tail., Alexr. miliar, m., George spittell, m.
„ „ Thomas gothray, son of Jone gothray and Jonet Jarvie. JV,

Thomas reid, fleshur, Thomas Willesone, la [tern] lawsone,

[/oni] andersone, bax.
,, „ Jone gillaspie, son of Williame gillaspie and Margaret levenax,

IV. Andro buchSnS, not, Wm. gillaspie, /nalt, Jone Downie.

mchd.
., 6. Waltir lockart, son of Alexr. lockart and bessie horwalL IV.

waltir neische, Waltir mwresone, James Wallace, not., Jone

mwresone, m.
,, 18. Wm. thomesone, son of Alexr. thomesone and Issobell forester.

fV. George forester, in schiphawt, James Aissone, inchSd,

Wm. finl^one, in dflblafi.
„ 21. Rot bavarage, son of Adame baverage and Bessie hamiltoun.

IV. Rot. craigengelt of y t ilk, David forester of logy, Antoine

bruce, portioner of levilands.

159L

„ 28. Jonet scherp, daughter of Johnne scherp and Jonet edmane.

IV. Alexr. Zwng, baxt., Jone hestie, tailzor, James Michell,

baxt. Rot finlasone.
„ „ James Clark, son of Thomas Clark and Marione Thomsone.

PV. James Aisplein, cuitlar.
Ap. I. Elir Jwnkein, son of Jone Jwnkein and Jonet Johnsone. IV.

Johnne Jeffray, svand in cabuskyii, George Name, litster.
„ 8. Jonet Wilsone, daughter of Andro Wilsone and Cathreine ruther

[torn], JV. ThomasDowny, smyt, Jone Cuthbert Shirn [/orn].
fors.
„ „ Margaret M'ray, daughter of henrie M'ray, tailzour, and Jonet

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1 1 6 The Scottish Antiquary ;

dalgleische. W, Jone Mwrray, sone to wniqll. thomas M'ray,

Andro liddell, tailzor, Johnne Watsone, Alexr. Abircfbie.
In Tullibody parochin.
Ap. 8. Elit. prestone, daughter of Johnne prestone and Margaret Wryt.

W. Thomas Millar in Lang carse, Nicoll Stein in orchard,

Jone Wryt, in craig in fo'.
„ II. Alexr. M*Nellane, son of James M'Nellane and Begis Schort

W. Johnne cowane, m., Andro liddell, tail, Jone fargusone,

barbur, Jone Archebald at M'rayis wood.
„ 1 8. Margaret richie, daughter of Stein richie and Jonet Neilsone. W.

Johnne Port, ffichand, Alexr. Neilsone, Thomas leischman,

smyt.
„ 2 2. Jonet bell, daughter of James bell and helleine Wilsone. W.

Thomas Eweing, Jone langwilt, Jone Stirling.
„ 24. Wm. Neilsone, son of Bob. Neilsone and Margaret Moderall.

W, James thomsone, traveliur, Wm. Sword, thekkar.
„ 25. Cathrein Cwnyghame, daughter of Andro Cwnyghame and Elit.

Aitkein. W, Andro Andirsone, Johnne Kincaid, cuitler,

James Aisplein, David Penecwik.
„ „ William Downy, son of Thomas Downy and Cathrein liddell.

W, Andro Wilsone, tailzor, Wm. Aissone, mchand \torn\y

blakbum, wob.
„ 26. Geilis fargussone, daughter of johnne fargussone and hellein

auwchtmwlly. W. Andro liddell, tailzour, James Richardson,

m.
May 9. Marie pennecwik, daughter of David pennecwik and Cathreine

gillaine. W, Johnne lowdiane, Alexr. W^sone, flesher, andro

cwnyha, cuitler.
„ „ Jane haigy, daughter of Petir haigy and Issobell mairschell. W,

Johnne patsone, in. Rot. ro*sone, pewderer.
„ 13. Elit. Watsone, daughter of Waltir Watsone and hellein Stein. W,

Andro liddell, tailzor, Johnne banny maisson, Jone Mwreson,

Jone lowdiane.
fors.
„ 16. Rachell archebauld, daughter of George archebauld and

helleine allane. W, Rot. Craigingelt of yt. ilk. Rot. forester

of Baqwn, Andrew buchanan.
„ „ Robert Neilsone, son of Thomas Neilsone and hellein levenox.

W. Rot. cwnyghame of ladieland, Patrik bawf \iorn\^ Wm.

Toir.
„ „ Anna Watsonne, daughter of Jone Watsone and Marjorie

gichane. W, Alexr. patirsone, James schort.
fors.
„ „ William Cockburn, son of {sic) cockbum, apperand of

Clerkintoun, and Cathrein benny. W. Mr. Wm. Erskein,

persone of Campsie, James Schort.
„ 23. \torn\ of James Cwnyghame and Elit m \torn\, W,

Johnne henre, Wm. \torn\^ Andro cwnygha \iorn\, Andro

lowrie, Johnne hog, sone law to \torn\.

fors.
„ „ Margaret fwird, daughter of Johnne fwird and Margaret

simsone. W, Johnne fwird in killing wais, James frud in

falkirk, andro M'Comie in Sting.

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May 27. Twins, Jone and Anna tulliallone, daughters of Alexr. TuUi-
allone and Jonet Mwrdo. W, Waltir neishe, James Schaw,
Andro Cowane, Mr. Johnne Stewart, Johnne Andirsone,
Jone broun.

June 13. Johnne Johnsone, son of Thomas Johnsone and Agnes
Mayne. W. Niniane Johnsone in hallq' of Condinhove,
Patrik hodge in brumrig, Thomas Mayne in Orchzeird.

554. Kirk Session Records^ {Scottish Antiquary i. and ii. comb. 15,
16, 140; iii. 17, 149; iv. 26, 37, 82, 119, 129, 160; V. 114, 177; viii. 8).
— Scotland possesses a mass of documents which are of the greatest value,
as throwing a vivid light on the social and religious conditions of the
people in the 17th and i8th centuries. In every parish there exists a church
court composed of duly ordained elders, presided over by the minister.
It is the province of this court to see that discipline is duly enforced, and
that the services and the fabric of the church are properly maintained.
The proceedings of the court are minuted by the Session Clerk and form
the Kirk Session Records of the parish. It might be supposed that
Scottish writers would have recognised the value of their parochial records,
but this has not been the case, and the ministers and elders appear to
have regarded them in very many instances as worthless rubbish, so that
-the majority of the earlier volumes are lost, and the series of the later
volumes is often incomplete. Of late years antiquaries have perused
many of these books, chiefly however for the purpose of extracting
interesting and often amusing items, but without any idea of making them
exponents of religious life, feelings and manners. Till the number and
condition of our parochial records have been carefully investigated and
catalogued it is impossible to give anything like an exhaustive account of
the treasures they may contain or to estimate the extent of their value.
At present the student must be content with the scanty materials he can
collect pretty much at random when he attempts to throw such light on
Church life and work in Scotland in bygone times as these records afford
As the secular history of a nation is to be found not only in official
documents of Parliament and statements of biassed chroniclers, but, and
perhaps more instructively, in the records of trade guilds, the still existing
ledgers of merchants, letters, diaries, and other unconscious witnesses to
the state and feelings of the people, so the history of the Church if only
read by the light of State papers will give to the student a very imperfect
idea of what was going on. In the period between 1560 and the present
day several important Ecclesiastical Revolutions took place. Episcopacy
was abolished, reinstated in a shadowy form, then restored with all the
safeguards of a regular consecration obtained from England ; overthrown
again at the Rebellion, it was restored by Charles 11., and was imposed
upon the country with all the weight of the secular power till James 11.
ceased to reign, when the Presbyterian form of Church government
became, and has continued to be, that recognised by the State. These
changes as we find them described by our ablest writers appear to have

' These notes are abridged from a paper read before the Glasgow Ecclesiological
Society. This Society has lately been formed on the model of that at Aberdeen. The
President is Dr. Marshall Lang, Moderator of the Church of Scotland. One of the
Vice-Presidents is the Right Rev. the Bishop of Glasgow, and it numbers amongst its
members Clergymen and Laymen, both Presbyterian and Episcopalian.

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1 1 8 The Scottish Antiquary ;

been violent and to have been the results of as well as the causes of much
popular agitation. The evidences gathered from Kirk Session Records do
not altogether corroborate this view. State documents show how earnestly
James vi., and how still more earnestly his son Charles i., endeavoured
to assimilate the Churches of England and Scotland not only in appearance
but in reality, but the Episcopal Churches under these two sovereigns in
the two countries had little in common. In England there was a Prayer-
book and Liturgy in general use. The Bishops visited their Dioceses,
kept registers of their official acts, attended the parish churches, and
confirmed the young — and in fact carried out the old organisation of the
Church, freed from the interference of Rome and the corruptions she had
introduced. Here in Scotland, the parishes were unvisited by the Bishops
either for the purpose of confirmation or discipline, at least no allusions
to such an event are to be found in Kirk Session Records, and had it
taken place it must have been recorded. The parochial machinery re-
mained unchanged. There were bishops, but they were shadows. An edict
of the Scottish Privy Council ordered that confirmation should be ad-
ministered. The General Assembly of the Kirk held at Aberdeen in August
1616, amongst other things recommended that * Bishops in their visitation,
either by themselves, or if they may not overtake the samine, by the
minister of the paroche, make all young children of six years old be pre-
sented to them to give confession of their faith . . . after which every two
or three years, they shall be examined, that when they come to fourteen
years of age . . . they may be admitted to the communion.' This the
King declared to be * Meer hotch-potch,' and he directed the clause to
stand * Seeing the confirmation of children is, for the good education of
youth, most necessary to be reduced to the primitive integrity, it is
thought good that the minister in every parish shall catechise all young
children of eight years of age, and see that they have knowledge to re-
hearse the Lord's Prayer, the Belief, the Ten Commandments, with
answers and questions of the small Catechism used in the Church, and the
Bishops in their visitation shall cause the children to be presented to them,
and bless them, with prayer for the increase of grace and the continuance
of God's heavenly gifts to them ' {Reg, Friv, Con. x. 600 n,), Spotswood,
however, convinced his majesty that the time was hardly ripe for these
ceremonial innovations {Ibid, pref. civ). Confirmation only began to
be administered after the Revolution, when the ejected Bishops were
brought into close intercourse with their non-juring brethren in England,
and adopted many of their views and practices, restoring confirmation,
and compiling a communion service ; a politic act, seeing that the English
prayer-book, with its prayers for the Hanoverian Royal Family, could not
well have been used by them. The Session Records prove negatively that
Spotswood's view of the matter was acted on. Each parish had its own
minister, whom we may presume to have been duly ordained by bishops,
though proof of the fact is not forthcoming. But where were the deacons
of the Episcopalian system ? Deacons continued to exist merely as the
third in rank with elders and presbyters, attending the parochial church
courts. They certainly were not deacons such as existed in England.
Elders were still appointed and ordained by the parish minister, and they
with him took charge of discipline without troubling the bishop, if an
appeal was made it was to the presbytery, not to the bishop's court. No
effort seems to have been made to secure a frequent or even periodical

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administration of the Holy Communion, and the form used continued un-
altered. The one effort made by Archbishop Laud to impose a fixed
liturgy was made after Episcopacy had been for many years recognised.
Only one reference has been found in our researches to Laud's Prayer
Book. * 1637. ist Oct. This day was propond the fear that we wer in about
the Service-book now intruding and urging against all orders and withall
full of supersticion and poperie, and that others alreidie wer troubled for
the same. It wes therefore agreed upon for to give in a supplicacioun in
name of this paroch to the counsell against the said book' {Culross Kirk
Session Records)} In fact, the story these documents tell makes it very
evident that the task undertaken by James vi. and continued by his son
Charles i., of assimilating the two Churches, was one of greater difficulty
than appears on the surface, not so much on account of the dislike of the
people to bishops, as that the whole polity of the Churches was different,
and change was distasteful to a race which has always shown itself con-
servative of what it has won for itself, and suspicion of foreign interference.
The Episcopal system scarcely ruffled the ecclesiastical life of the country
parishes, and as long as they remained unchanged, there was no difficulty
in falling back on old ways when the cities were freed from Episcopal
supervision. I am quite aware that at the Revolution many country
parishes were anxious to retain the services of the Episcopalian clergy,
and in some cases showed a strong dislike to the intrusion of a Presby-
terian minister, but the virtuous lives of the clergy may in most, if not all,
these cases, have endeared them to their people while their doctrine and
ritual were scarcely to be distinguished from their Presbyterian brethren,
in some cases also, as at Muthill and Callander, they had the support of
wealthy and powerful landowners, who were for the most part Episco-
palians. We will now proceed to treat more in detail the information to
be gathered from Kirk Session Records, but would remark that it would
make this paper needlessly long and disjointed were we to fill it with
extracts; they will be used only when their presence seems to be a
distinct advantage. Our researches have convinced us that the system of
parochial church courts did much to alienate the wealthy and highborn
laity. In country parishes the Session was of necessity composed of small
lairds, portioners, and the wealthier tenant farmers. With such men as
these the chief heritor, the representative possibly of an ancient family,
did not choose to associate by sitting with them, week after week, when
they were occupied with cases of Church discipline. If he himself led a
careless or an immoral life, he was not likely to submit tamely to be re-
primanded, much less to be put to penance by his inferiors. Thus we
find that at Clackmannan a member of the powerful family of Bruce was
summoned, week after week, to answer a charge of immorality, but he
paid no attention to the matter. The same thing occurred at Culross and at
Alloa. All these cases occurred about the end of the 17th century. A
few years later a wealthy resident in the parish of Clackmannan, instead
of appearing before the Session to answer a charge of immorality, sent five
pounds sterling by way of a self-imposed fine \ this was accepted, and the
matter ended. Sometime after, when the offence was repeated, he sent
only one pound, which was accepted with the remark that he should have
sent as much as he had done before. It might be supposed that for a
relapse the fine should have been increased. There are other notable
^ Scottish Afitiquaryy v. p. 115.

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i2o The Scottish Antiquary ;

instances to be found in Kirk Session Records, which show that the
middle-class men who were elected elders, while they spared the wealthy
and powerful, were harsh towards the poor and weak. Sabbath-breaking
was an offence heavily punished, and some cases recorded are instances of
cruelty and bigotry not to be surpassed by the Puritans in New England.
A poor mother at Clackmannan had to appear before the Session, by
whom she was severely reprimanded, for going to the well on the Sabbath
to draw water for a sick child. It need scarcely be remarked that all social
intercourse between families was strictly prohibited on that day ; yet we
find from Sir John Foulis's account-books (now being printed for the
Scottish History Society) not only that he travelled on Sunday using his
coach and horses, but that he entertained and was entertained by his
friends in the taverns of Edinburgh. Sir Walter Scott in Guy Maufiering
(chap, xvi.), gives a correct description of how a Sunday was spent by the
wealthy in Edinburgh in the last century: 'Three gentlemen now appeared
and were introduced to the stranger ; they were men of good sense, gaiety,
and general information, so that the day passed very pleasantly over ; and
Colonel Mannering assisted about 8 o'clock at night in discussing the
landlord's bottle, which was of course a magnum.' When such license
was allowed to the rich and such rigour shown to the poor, it is clear that
the former would regard a sycophantish body of men, none of whom were
their social equals, with disdain.

The merry monarch, who * never said a silly thing and never did a
wise one,' declared 'that presbyterianism was not the religion for a
gentleman.' A close study of Session Records shows that the state of
things was then such that there was much truth in what he said.
Church discipline was vigorously, nay, as we must think harshly enforced ;
but the rich man never mounted the stool of repentance or wore the sack-
cloth shirt ; his lady, however freely she used her tongue, had no fear of
the branks. As a natural result the rich and powerful despised parochial
church rulers, who only ventured to punish those who were unable to
resist. Another reason which kept the rich aloof from the Session was
that they as heritors held the purse strings, and when any repairs were
required for the church or the manse, it was for them, and not the Kirk
Session, to consider how much should be expended. When, therefore,
their vanity led them to erect private seats or lofts for their families, they
feared little opposition from those whom they were incommoding. Quarrels
about seats, and futile complaints of the invasion of the church by private
pews are frequently recorded. The poor had no remedy, the contumacious
were handed over to the secular power for punishment. How could the
peasant hope to subsist when the small land-owners or occupiers who
were his employers sat in judgment on him when he did evil, and had the
power to make him feel his weakness ? This aspect of the influence of
the Kirk Session requires more attention than it has hitherto received.

It may be well now to consider what can be learned about practical
Church work. Catechising as a preparation to the due reception of the Holy
Communion was recognised, but was not often practised. This catechising
was not confined to the young ; families were informed by the elders who
had charge of their district on what day the minister would attend, and
examine all, old and young, as to their knowledge of the doctrines of the
Christian religion. This practice, however, was, as we find from the
Records, generally neglected, and the distribution of tickets for admission

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to the Lord's Supper did not depend on an ascertained knowledge of
Christianity. The tickets I have referred to were metal counters on which
was usually stamped the name of the parish ; these were distributed by the
elders in their several districts, and were collected at the church door, the
elders being warned to see that no person was admitted unless provided
with this pass. Entries are frequently met with ordering the making of
such tickets. Some of them have been preserved and are now regarded as
curiosities,^ printed cards having now taken their place. I may mention
that the plan was in use in England in the i6th century, and a list of
households in Southwark in 1590 exists with the number of tickets
required by each.

In many parishes the Holy Communion was very rarely and irregularly
administered. At St. Ninians, near Stirling, it was administered only
once in the year during the latter part of the 17th century, and it is
recorded that in one year it was not administered at all. The elements
were provided by the heritors, who, in some cases, had charge of the
vessels; some parishes had none of their own, but borrowed them; in others
they were of tin or pewter. Those who know Mr. Burns's admirable book
on church plate are aware that, as compared with England, Scottish parishes
were ill-supplied with ancient, costly, or artistic communion plate. The
preparatory fast-day was by no means of universal recognition. In con-
nection with the administration of this sacrament it may be noted that
tents, which until lately were in use in the Highlands, were not unknown
in the Lowlands. They are mentioned in the Clackmannan and St.
Ninians Records, and doubtless in others also. A special collection for
the poor accompanied the administration, but the sums entered are very
small, and the private account-books of wealthy laymen show that they
did not recognise the duty of making liberal offerings.

We have not much information as to the attention paid to the right
administration of the sacrament of baptism. As a matter of discipline the
parents of bastards were not permitted to present their children for baptism
until they themselves had undergone discipline, and we find that at Clack-
mannan a man who was out with the Earl of Mar in the rising of 1 7 1 5
was refused baptism for his child till he had made repentance for his
rebellion, and his child was only baptised on the i8th December 1716.
Particular care was taken that no festivities followed the ceremony, and at
St. Ninians the parents and also some fiddlers were severely censured for
not observing the law. The latter pleaded that they were licensed by the
magistrates, a plea which was not received, but which seems to have been
good, as from Sir John Foulis's account-book we find that just at about the
same time he was attending the baptism of his granddaughter, the child of
Glass of Sauchie, in St. Ninians parish, and on that occasion * after the
baptism ' he paid the fiddlers — a proof that the rich could enjoy themselves
without interference from the Kirk Session.

It may be feared that this sacrament was frequently neglected, many of
the parochial registers of baptisms being very irregularly kept, and com-
plaints are recorded at St. Ninians that very many children were left un-
baptized. It is well known that the Episcopalian ministers had serious
doubts as to the validity of Presbyterian baptism, and frequently baptized
those *who had been sprinkled in the schism.' Had the fact been well
established that the rite was administered with water in the name of the
1 See Scottish Antiquary , vii. 178, viii. 18.

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Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, though it might have been held to
have been irregular, being administered by ministers not ordained by
bishops, still, by the consent of the Catholic Church, it should have been
regarded as valid, and where doubt existed, administered hypothetically as
directed in the prayer-book of the Church of England. There is, however,
no trace of this form being used, and we must conclude that grave doubts
existed as to the validity of the sacrament as administered by some, if not
many, of the Presbyterian clergy. A further examination of Kirk Session
Records might do much to throw light on this matter. At baptism two or
more friends, usually relations of the child, acted as formal witnesses, and
their names are frequently recorded in the registers. The slovenly custom
of baptizing the children of the wealthy at their own homes does not seem
to have been known till this century. We find in Sir John Foulis's 'Accounts '
that one of his grandchildren was taken to the Tron Church, Edinburgh, on
the day of its birth. Not only was the sacrament of baptism administered
in the church, but it was performed during service on Sundays, or on such
week-day as was appointed for regular public worship, so that in many cases
the registration, instead of naming witnesses, state that it took place ' before
the congregation.'

Mothers on their recovery formally attended church, though no trace of
any special thanksgiving on that occasion equivalent to the Church of
England service for * the churching of women after childbirth * has been
found.

One of the duties of the Session was to superintend the parish school,
and frequent notices are met with of the enforcing the attendance of
children, and the rebuking the schoolmaster or his assistant the * Doctor '
for negligence, unseemly conduct, or undue harshness.

The proper performance of marriage gave much employment to Sessions,
and great care was taken to prevent irregularity or improper conduct on
such occasions, and the rule that it should be solemnised in the church
publicly was observed in the case of the poor, but, at least in the eighteenth
century, the rich were often married in their own houses. After the
Revolution, much trouble was given by the ejected Episcopalian ministers
performing the ceremony without requiring the production of banns.
Some of these, however, were careful in this matter, and record in their
private registers that the banns signed by the clerk of the Kirk Session
were duly produced.^ In some cases the ceremony, when it had been
performed by an Episcopalian minister, was performed over again,
Presbyterians in this respect showing as much suspicion as Episco-
palians did in the matter of baptism. A custom was very prevalent
of insisting that before the ceremony the contracting parties should lodge
with the clerk of the Session securities styled 'pands,* either a sum of
money or an article of jewellery. These 'pands' were returned if,
after a sufficient lapse of time, it was clear that the marriage was not
defiled by antenuptial fornication. The volumes of the St. Andrews
Kirk Session Records, printed for the Scottish History Society, contain a
mine of information as to the law of marriage and divorce from 1560 to
1600, and -show the great difficulty there was in doing away with the old
custom of handfasting which, in Scotland as well as in England, had been
regarded as containing the essence of marriage, the public ceremony in
church being a comely but not a necessary adjunct. Amongst the poorer
people penny weddings were popular, but the Church set her face sternly

* Seep. 125.

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against them, and we find that at Culross both the bridegroom and the
father of the bride had to find caution that there were to be no fiddlers or
dancing after the wedding. Yet the rich sanctioned these penny weddings
by their presence and that of their children, and contributed liberally to
the fund collected for the newly-married couple on the occasion. Very
many cases are met with where the servants of county magnates had penny
weddings attended by their master and his friends, thus furnishing another
instance of the partial manner in which discipline was exercised.

The information afforded by Kirk Session Records about burials is
very slight Very great care was taken that the parishioners were secured
in their rights of burial-places, and they had to pay for the privilege of
putting up monuments, a higher charge being made for throughstones,
or full-length slabs, or altar tombs covering the graves. There is no mention
of intra-mural monuments, and very few i6th or 17th century tombs are
found inside country churches. From other sources it appears that
hatchments or escutcheons on which were painted the armorial bearings of
the deceased, were put up in the churches. Such relics of heraldic pomp
were common in English churches before the restoration craze swept
them away together with many other things better worth preserving. As
regards funerals it may be noted that at Culross in 1642 an extract is
entered of an act passed at Synod at Cupar, * that all those who super-
stitiously cary the dead about the kirk befor buriall, as also the burying of
unbaptised bairns apart, be taken notice off.' Notices also occur, though
rarely, showing that the Church was energetic in putting down Myke
wakes,' still known in Ireland as * waking the dead.' The custom, not
however in connection with any religious observance, but rather as a
health-drinking among survivors in memory of the departed, existed in
Scotland at the close of the 17th century. We find the word *dirige,'
or dirge, used in much the same way.

The exercise of Church discipline, the punishment of evil-doers, forms
a prominent feature in Kirk Session Records. What the Justice of the
Peace and the parish constable were to the English village ne'er-do-well the
Kirk Session was to the Scottish evil-doer. In fact the constable and justice
were almost unknown officials north of the Tweed. The Church Court
had an official position, and to secure greater power it was common in towns
t6 elect as elder one of the burgh bailies, who could hold the terrors of
civil authority over those who were inclined to scoff at the spiritual keys.
The offences punished were drunkenness, profanity, unchastity, slandering.
Sabbath-breaking, unseemly behaviour, which included dancing, fiddling,
and keeping late hours — and lastly, witchcraft. It is not advisable that
all these should be considered seriatim. There is no sadder, but at the
same time no more instructive reading in the Kirk Session Records than
the proceedings taken in such cases. Though the Court had legal powers
it lacked legal training. The evidence led was in many cases irrelevant
and unsatisfactory, some of the witnesses were of tender years, and were
compelled to speak of things bad enough in any case but totally unfit for
them to have any cognisance of. The decisions were frequently harsh,
and occasionally against the evidence led. The charges of witchcraft are
perhaps the most innocent portion of this strange literature. One thing in
connection with them is very striking — there is no indication that the
minister or the session regarded the accused as being an impostor or even a
deluded fanatic. The powers of the prince of darkness were held to
extend to the furnishing witches with the means of doing his work, and the

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judg.es clearly believed in their genuineness as much as those who thought
they suffered from or benefited by the charms and spells employed. As
to punishments a few words must be said. Their very nature shows how^
impossible it would have been to have enforced them if wealthy and
influential culprits had chosen to appear before the judgment-seat.
Some had to stand at the church door while the bell was ringing for
service in a sackcloth shirt, occasionally with a written paper describing
their offence affixed to their heads. Others mounted the stool of repent-
ance before the congregation and stood there for three successive Sundays
while the service proceeded. A man accused of Sabbath-breaking at
Culross promised never to do the like again, * bot because of his ignorance,
not knowing what Commandment he has broken, it was enacted that if he
should not get (i.e, learn by heart) the commandments betwixt this and
twenty days he should be brought bak and scurged publickly.' Women
who were found guilty of railing or of slandering were condemned to stand
at the church door as the people assembled for worship on the Sabbath
with the branks on their head. Specimens of this instrument of punish-
ment, or rather of torture, are to be found in our museums,^ and at least two
remain in situ, aflftxed to the church walls at Duddingston and Crailing.
An iron frame was passed round and sometimes over the head of the
victim, and an iron tongue was thrust between her jaws which must have
caused not only inconvenience but in many cases extreme suffering.
Sometimes when the evidence led was weak, the accused was allowed to
take an oath of purgation, though even this does not seem to have com-
pletely cleared him.^

Lastly, it may be mentioned that the Session took notice of political
offences. At Torryburn those who took part in the ' Engagement * were
solemnly excommunicated, while in the Clackmannan Records we read,
under date 28th April 1644, 'Intimation was made by Mr. James
Edmonston, minister of St. Ninians [the charge being vacant], of these
persons excommunicate, viz.. Marquis Huntley, Alexr. Irving, yr., and
Robert Irving his broy', James Kennedy servant to ye s** Marquis [and
others ; names torn off] who were excommunicat by Mr. John Adamson,
preacher, East Church of Ed°, upon ye 14 of ye s"* moneth.'

But little is recorded about care taken for the preservation of
churches in their pristine beauty, or for any adorning of them.
Whitewash was freely applied, and necessary repairs executed by local
workmen. Pews were erected for the wealthier parishioners, and
lofts or galleries for the chief heritors and for trades guilds. At Crail
the front of the seamen's loft was decorated with a picture of a
sailor which is still preserved,^ and we learn, incidentally, that the ten
commandments were painted on the walls of Linlithgow Church. If
Churchwarden Architecture has become a by-word in England, Kirk-
Session Architecture was not behind it in general want of all reverent
feeling and artistic taste. Many of the churches in country places
were thatched. None possessed more than one bell save some of the
old cathedral and monastic churches, where, by some strange good luck,
more than one of the original peals had escaped the spoiler's greed. Old
and cracked bells were usually sent to Holland to be recast, and from

^ See Scottish Antiquary^ iv. p. 32.

^ For a fomi of this oath, see Scottish AiUiquary, i. and ii. comb., p. 63.

' See Scottish Antiquary ^ iv. p. 154.

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that country new ones were obtained. Some churches, such as Culross,
possessed a knock — as the clock was then styled. Hour-glasses suggestive
of the length of the sermon were provided, and the baptismal basin be-
came the successor to the old font: of old fonts but few have been
preserved, so complete was the destruction of every particle of church-
furniture arrangement that had existed before the downfall of Papacy
in 1560.

In concluding these notes it may be well to urge the necessity
there is of cataloguing the existing Kirk Session Records. The work has
been begun in the North, under the auspices of the Aberdeen Ecclesio-
logical Society and the new Spalding Club. The Glasgow Society might
well undertake this work for the West of Scotland, and if a good catalogue
of the South-eastern district could be formed, we hope the Scottish
History Society would take the printing of it under their favourable con-
sideration. To past neglect is now added the even more formidable risk
of volumes being lost by injudicious and careless lending. We know of
early and valuable volumfes of these records which have been so lost in
the last few years. We would urge upon all Session-Clerks not to let any
volume out of their possession without taking a written receipt, and
using any other prudent precaution for its safe keeping and return.

A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

555. Old Register of Marriages at Leith. — By the permission
of the Rev. Canon Jackson, Rector of St. James's, Leith, we are able to
give a transcript of the old Register kept by the Right Rev. Robert
Forbes, Bishop of Ross and Caithness, who was also minister at Leith.
We hope in future numbers to give the Baptismal Register and some
account of the interesting volume which contains these entries and others
well deserving notice. Ed.

►J^ A. D. O. M. P. F. S. S.

Quod foelix faustumq^ sit Deum optimum Maximum precor.

A Register of Marriages performed by me, R.F.

Anno.

1738. Jan. 25, Edinburgh. George Cooper, ship-master, and Jean Cooper,
relict of John Steuart, gardner, dfter proc. of Banns in North
Leith Kirk. W. George Dalling and his wife, John Goodbraun
and Murdoch Smith.
„ Feb. 12, Links of Leith. Robert Ranken, wine-merchant in Leith,
and Janet, lawf. daur. to the deceased James Williamson, mercht.
there, after Proc. of Banns in South Leith. W, George Fenwick,
grandfather of Janet, John Cheyne, surgeon in Leith, James
Angus, writer in Edinbr., and his wife.
„ Feb. 13, Citadel of Leith. Hary Allan, of Brignees, Esquire, and
Mary Drummond, relict of the deceased Thomas Cornwall, of
Bonhard, Esquire, * upon producing a Certificate from the Kirk
Treasurer of South Leith that the sd. Hary Allan had paid all
the kirk dues and given something considerable to the poor.'
W. Hugh Clerk, wine merchant in Edr., Charles Allan, brother
to the bridegroom, and surgeon in Edr., Robert Smith, wine
merchant in Leith, Mrs. Christian Main, and Mrs. Rachel
Houston.

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1738. April 4, Newhaven. James Morton and Margaret Stalker. W,

Thomas Morton, father of the bridegroom, David Stalker, father
of the bride — after banns.

,, April II, South Leith. James Malcolm, Esquire, at Mithill, and
Bettie, daughter of Mr. John Durward, schoolmaster at Kirk-
caldie. W. Archibald Balfour, son of Dr. Balfour in Kirkcaldie,
Richard Seaman, baxter in Leith, Katherine Durward, sister of
the bride, and Elizabeth Seaman, sister of aforesaid Richard
Seaman. By * Licence granted by the Bishop of Edr.'

„ Oct. 3, Bowling Green of Leith. Thomas Thomson, schoolmaster
in Edr., and Dorothea Moor. W. Captain M'Leod, William
Seton, Writer to the Signet, Mrs. Renny, Mrs. Margaret Forbes,
eta, etc.

1739. Nov. 27, Yardheads of Leith. James Wilson, stocking maker in

the Cowgate of Edr., and Margaret, daughter of the deceased
Robert Kay, shipmaster in Leith. W, William Clarke, uncle to
the bride, Robert Fisher, kinsman to the bridegroom, Mrs.
Laing and Mrs. Clarke, aunts of the bride, Mrs. Groat, sister of
the bride, etc., etc.

1740. Sep. 10, North Leith. Donald M*clarin (my Lady Bruce's

gardener), and Elizabeth Miln. W, Robert Stewart, James
M'Kay, John Chalmers, Janet Stewart, Margaret May, etc., etc.
„ Oct. 28, South Leith. John Dunbar, glover, and Janet Drummond,
shopkeeper, married in the house of Murdoch Smith. \V,
Murdoch Smith, James Donaldson, and Helen Drummond,
sister of the bride.

1742. Feb. 3, Citadel of Leith. * In the Lodgings of my very worthy

friend, my Lady Bruce of Kinross.* John Rattray, son of the
Right Reverend Dr. Rattray, of Craighall, and Christian,
daughter of the deceased George Main, Jeweller in Edr. W.
Mrs. Anne Main, Mrs. Rachel Houston, and James M'Kay.

1743. June 28, South Leith. Hector Shiels, wright, and Anne, daughter

of the deceased William Garrioch, inhabitant of Leith. W,
Dr. Garrioch, Wm. Frazer. Alex. Tod, John Young, the mother
of the bride, etc., etc.

1744. Dec 20 (* being Thursday, the birthday of Marcellus '),^ Yard-

heads of Leith. George Donald, gardner, and Margaret Angus,
servant to Mrs. Laing. W, Mr. Stewart Carmichael, John
Miller and his wife, Mrs. Barbara White, and Mrs. Jean
TurnbuU.
1747. April 28, Sheriff-brae of Leith. William Home, Laird of Basenrig,
and Mrs. Margaret, daughter of Mr. Alexander Home, land-
waiter. W. Alex. Home, aforesd., Charles Home, Mrs. Helen
and Anne Homes, and Margt. Thomson.

„ Nov. 14, South Leith. James Smith, Junr., writer in Edr., and
Mrs. Katherine, daughter of the deceased Wm. Ferguson, farmer
in Dirleton, were married in the house of Mrs. Kirkwood. W.
Hary Maul, Hugh Rose, James Smith, Senr., writers, and Mrs.
Mary and Isabel Kirkwoods.

„ Dec. 24, in the house of James Oliphant, wigmaker in the Canon-

* It is almost certain that by Marcellus the young Chevalier is intended. His
birthday was Dec. 20, 1720. See Virgil, Aen, vi. 86o-883.

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gate. Robert Mitchell, barber and wigmaker, journeyman in
Leith, and Barbara Fotheringham, shopkeeper in the Canongate.
W. James Oliphant, John Armour, Geo. Yorston, etc.

1749. Aug. 20, South Leith. William Wilson, writer in Edr., a clerk to
Mr. Alexr. Lockhart, and Mrs. Barbara, daughter of the deceased
Mr. Patrick White, clergyman in Edr. W. George Donald and
Elizabeth Henderson.

1751. May 2, *in my own House in South Leith.' James Crichton,
mason in Fisherrow, and Mrs. Margaret, daughter of \sic\

Christian in Fisherrow. W. John Smith, David Ramsay, and
Anne and Marjgaret Stewarts. Married * upon a letter from the
Revd. Mr. William Forbes in Fisherrow.'

1753. March 5, in the house of Mrs. Norris on the Shore of Leith. David

Watson, vintner and merchant, and Mrs. Francis, daughter of
the deceased John Norris, land-waiter. W, Thomas Fothering-
ham, \sic\ Mackenzie, Betty and Susan Norris's, etc., etc.

„ May 10, at Fisherrow, in the house of Mrs. Dairy mple. The Rev.
Mr. William Forbes, and Mrs. Grissel Dalrymple, married in the
presence of the Rev. Mr. William Abernethie, Mrs. Dalrymple,
and Mrs. Fullarton alias Lady Carberry.

„ June 26, in the house of Mrs. Eliiisel, South I^ith. Robert
Paterson, journeyman wright, and Janet Jaffray, servant-maid.
W. Lauchlan Farquharson, Mrs. Elmsel, Anne Elmsel, and
Betty Cheyne. .

1754. June 27, South Leith. James Thomson, wheelwright, and Florence

Dunbar. W, John Barrass, Walter Scott, Mrs. Crokatt and
daughter, and Isabell Hood.

1755. July 8, South Leith. James Mien, and Mary Sutor, W. [no

names].
1757. Sep. 9, in the House of Mrs. Eraser, Borthwick Close, Edr. William
Pargillies, residenter in South Leith, and Helen Crockat, sert.
in the family of Capn. Hugh Clerk. W. George Donald,
George Cuthbertson, Mrs. Eraser, Mr. Ogilvie, etc., etc

1760. June 19, Avenue-head. William Granger of Wariston House, and

Mrs. Agnes, daughter of Mr. Robert Barclay, merchant taylor.
W. Robert Barclay, Wm. Barclay, Baillie Macgill, Mrs. Crafurd,
Mrs. Macgill, etc
„ Sep. 12, South Leith. John Ritchie, quartermaster on board the
Amazon ship of war, and Mary Lawtie. W, Mrs. Crockat,
mother of the bride, Janet and Jean Chapmans, and Anne
Bennet.

1 76 1. Feb. 3, South Leith. Alexr. Robertson, mercht. in Leith, and

Elizabeth Anderson, relict of John Ranken. W. Convener
Simpson, Thos. Clark, David Clark, Mrs. Simpson, Mrs. Clark,
Mrs. Rearson, etc
„ July 16, South Leith. James Thomson, wheelwright in Leith, and
Janet Grant. W. Thos. Dow, Donald Cameron, Marjory Grant,
Mrs. Murray, etc.

1762. June II, South Leith. Alexr. Smith, journeyman blacksmith, and

Helen Greig. W. David Fife, James Lawson, David Fife's wife,
etc., etc.
„ June 15, South Leith, in the house of Lady Stirling. John

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128 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Hamilton, Esq., and Miss Isabella Stirling. W, Sir Wm.
Stirling of Ardoch, Hamilton of Wishee, Mr. Jas. Lindsay, Mrs.
Campbell, Miss Menzies, etc., etc.

1763. Aug. 9, South Leith. Alexander Laidly, and Isabel Carle. W,

Denholm and Sutor, shipmasters, Barrowman and baxter, Mrs.
Denholm, Mrs. Watt, etc.
"„ Sep. I, South Leith. John Hamilton and Mary Ogilvie. W. John

iEdie, Mrs. Crockatt, Mrs. Ritchie, and Anne Lawtie.
„ Dec. 22, South Leith. William Watt and Mary Muckle. W,
Thomas Muckle, James Watt, John Watt and his wife. Christian
Muckle, etc.

1764. Dec. 8, South Leith. Alexr. Steven, baxter, and Anne Rattray.

W. Charles Leslie, Mr. Rattray, brewer, and his nephew, and
Mrs. Forbes.

1765. Feb. 12, South Leith, in my Chapel of Ease. Wm. Walker, wine-

cooper, and Janet Calder. W, William Watt and Marjory

Gilmore.
„ April II, South Leith, in the House of Lady Stewart. John

Balvaird of Ballomill, in the parish of Abernethie, and Christian

Graham. W» Messrs. Graham, Balvaird, and Macantyre, Lady

Stewart, Mrs. Goodlet, Mrs. Carmichael, etc.
„ Dec. 5, North Leith. John Liddell, shipmaster, and Helen, daur.

of Capn. Chalmers. W, John Cheyne, Rot. Liddell, Mrs.

Pringle, and her daughter, etc.

1767. July 31, South Leith. Lieutenant John Sutherland of the County

of Sutherland, and Isabel, daur. of Gray of Rogart, of said
county. W, Rot. Gray, Writer to the Signet, Wm. Rose,
mercht, Tho. MacDonnell, surgeon, Mrs. Rose, Miss Mack-
donell, and Miss Monroe.
„ Nov. 21, South Leith, in my own Private Chapel. Wm. MacGlashan
and Margt. Sangster. W, Jas. Wilson, Pal. Sangster, Arthur
Giles, etc., etc.

1768. Jan. 20, S. Leith, in my Private Chapel. Robert Chesior, stay-

maker, and Agnes Crafurd. W, Wm. Pirie, 2 Miss Inglises,

Isabel Tower, etc. '
,, Feb. 2, S. Leith, in my privat Chapel. John Ferguson, sailor, and

Isabel Henderson. W, John Taylor, John Anderson, Isabel

Tower, Mary Bain, Barbara Wilson, etc.
Feb. 3, Edinburgh, in ye House of Sr. Geo. Chalmers. Thos.

MackDonell, surgeon, and Kat. MackDonell, daur. of Major

Donald MackDonell of Trendrish. W, Sr. Geo. Chalmers,

Robert Stewart, etc.
„ May 26, South Leith, in my private chapel. James Cowley and

Janet Forbes. W, Geo. Reidford, John MacDonald, Isabel

Tower, etc.

1769. Nov. 17, Links of Leith. Charles Hay, shipbuilder, in North

Leith, and Janet, daur. of the deceased John Pew, farmer. W,
Jonathan and John Pews, John Sim, Margt. Balfour, Mary
Pew, etc.

1770. Feb. 15, South Leith, in the house of Capt. Mudie. Two of his

servants, John Kennedy and Mary Drysdale. W, Capt Mudie,
James Stewart, 3 Misses Stewarts, etc., etc.

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1770. July 24, South Leith, in the house of George Tod, shipmaster.

Richard Baillie, baxter, and Mary Pew. W, Jonathan and John
Pews, Charles Hay, Margaret Balfour, Mr. Tod, etc.

177 1. May 2, South Leith, in my private Chapel. Alexr. Bruce, vintner,

and Jean Ironside. W. John Dick, Geo. Norrie, Jacobina
Elphinstone, Isabel Tower, etc.
177a. March 23, South Leith, in the house of Mr. Wm, Edmunstone,
surgeon. Mr. John Cheyne, surgeon, and Miss Peggie Edmun-
stone. W, Wm. Bell, John Cundell, Mrs. Edmunstone, and
Miss Cissie Edmunstone.
„ Dec. 4, Edinburgh, in the house of Alexr. Robertson, printer, head
of Nidderys Wynd. John Mackenzie, tayler, and Janet Stewart.
W. Alexr. Robertson, John Stewart, Donald Stewart, Mrs.
Robertson, Bell Robertson, Alison Morison, etc.

1773. Ap- i3> Easter Tuesday, South Leith, in my private chapel. Robert

Auld, writer, and Girsil Don. W, Alexander Hart, David
Norris, Mrs. Forbes, Peggie Rattray, Bell Tower, Jean Kennedy,
and Elison Morison.

1774. Ap. 17, 2nd Simday after Easter, in my large chapel, immediately

after Vespers, twixt 3 and 4. William Wilson, wright, and
EHzabeth Burnet. W, Geo. Anderson, Andrew Donald, Mrs.
Forbes, Mrs. Gordon, etc.

1775. Oct 15, Bonnyhaugh. William Douglas, merchant, and Stewartina

Catherine, daur. of the deceased Stewart Carmichael of Bonny-
haugh, Alex. Hunter, mercht. in Edr., acting the part of father.
W. The father of the bridegroom, the mother of the bride,
James Chalmers, merchant, and Anne Hamilton.
[End of Marriages.]

556. Camelodune (viii. p. 61). — Senex follows Boece upon treacherous
ground in trying to explain the name Camelon as Camelodunum,
Cynobeline's fort. In the Red Book of Hergest, xxii. 30, it is written
gamlatiy and in the Black Book of Carmarthen^ xix. stanza 13, it is
written camian. The late Mr. Skene was both bold and guarded in
speculation, and though with little hesitation he identified the battle of
Camian, where King Arthur and Modred fell, a.d. 537, with Camelon in
Stirlingshire, he was far too sagacious to be led away by the accidental
similarity of Cynobeline's name with the form given by Boece to the
place-name. The fact is that Camelon, like many other place-
names to which a romantic origin has been assigned, is of extremely
nuttter-of-fact significance. It is the Gaelic cam linn^ ^ winding pool,'
referring to a bend of the river Carron, close to the village of Camelon.
It is not an uncommon name in other parts of Scotland, e,g. Camling on
Pulmaddy Burn, in Carsphairn parish, and Camelon Lane, in Balmaghie
parish, both in Galloway. 'Lane,* of course, is a Norse word which found
its way into the local dialect in the south-west, meaning a slow, running
stream. There are several small streams in Ireland called Camling and
Cameline ; the latter being the name of a river in Antrim flowing through
a glen called Crumlin, i.e. crom ghleann, 'the crooked glen.'

Herbert Maxwell.

VOL. VIII. — NO. XXXI.

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557. Part Pedigree of Irving of Skaills, in Annandale. —

I. David Irving of Stackhewch and Skaills. He was alive in 1506.
He was the father of

II. John Irving of Skaills and Woodhousleis, who, on 22nd April
1506, had seisin of the former from Andrew, Lord Terregles,
his feudal superior. He died prior to 12th November 1526,
leaving at least one son,

III, John Irving of Skaills and Woodhousleis, who, on 12th November

1526, had a Precept of Clare Constat from the Tutor of
Henries for infefting him in Skaills and Woodhousleis, as heir
to his father (No. 11. ). He died anterior to 6th November
1 56 1, leaving

IV, A son whose name is not known.

V. John Irving of Skaills, who, as heir to his grandfather (No. III.),
had a Charter of Skaills and Woodhousleis from Sir John
Maxwell of Terregles, knight, as lord superior thereof, on 6th
October 1561, He died on or about loth February 1596, and
was succeeded in Skaills by his son,

VI. Richard, alias Dick, Irving of Skaills, who, as heir to his father
(No. v.), had, on 6th December 1606, a Precept of Clare
Constat from John, Lord of Herries, his superior, for infefting
him in Skaills. He died in March 1610, and was succeeded in
Skaills by his eldest son,

VII. Arthur Irving, who, on nth January 1612^ had, on his father's
resignation (made previous to the death of the latter in March
1 6 10), a charter of Skaills from Sir William Maxwell of
Gribtoun, knight, as his over-lord therein. He died sometime
between 30th November 1653 and nth June 1658, Skaills
having been adjudged from him for debt by David Irving of
Mossknow (who assigned his right of adjudication to his son-in-
law, Mr. William Graham, minister at Kirkpatrick-Fleming,
and afterwards of Mossknow, who was infeft in the said lands
on 27th October 1666). He had the following issue : —

1. Richard Irving, who died vita patris and sine prole h^iox^

nth June 1658.

2. John Irving, who also died in like manner as his elder

brother prior to the last-mentioned date.

3. William, for whom infra as No. VIII.

VII f. William Irving of Skaills, who, on the nth of June 1658, was
retoured heir-special to his grandfather, Richard (No. VI.), in
' The five pund land of old extent of Skailles^ within the
parochine of Rampatrick^ and Stewartrie of Annandale^ — the
lands having been forty-eight years in non-entry. He died
between 31st July 1694 and 7th November 1707. He had a
son,

IX. John Irving, called of Rockloaf, from whom Skaills was adjudged
in the year 17 10 by William Graham of Mossknow, A.M. (son
of the before-mentioned Mr. William Graham), as in right of a

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bond for 1000 merks granted by his grandfather, Arthur
Irving (No. VII.). He was alive in 1724, and, on 2nd June
of that year, disponed Skaills to John Rae, merchant in Annan,
in trust for the said Mr. Graham (secundus). He had a son,

X. William Irving, who was a party with his father to the disposition
of Skaills in 1724. He is conjectured to have been the
father of

XI. Robert Irving, who, in the year 1755, was using proceedings
at law to recover Skaills, but ineffectiially, and of whom nothing
more is at present known.

Note. — ^That XI. was a son of X. is not certain. He may have been
a brother's son.

The above pedigree has been drawn up from notes made by me
of title-deeds and family papers at one time in my possession. Do any of
your readers know of existent descendants of this family ? J. R. L.

558. Scots in America.— The following extracts from a letter of an
American correspondent seem worthy of insertion as showing the
interest taken by Americans in Scotland^ and their gratitude for any
information we can give them. Ed.

I have often consulted the pages of the Scottish Antiquary in the rooms
of the Pennsylvania Historical Society. There is a wide-spread interest
among Americans as to their forefathers in foreign lands. I have been
astonished at some facts which recent study of mine makes clear, viz. : the
prevailing ignorance here and elsewhere of what we call the- Scotch-Irish
people, and their relation to our local and national history. I began
several years ago by collecting a few facts for a paper read before our
historic^ society, and became so much interested that I have studied all
I can find upon the subject, and expect at some time to publish the results.
One witty Scotch-Irishman has explained the situation by saying that the
Scotch-Irish were so busy making history that they never had leisure to
write it. The extraordinary absence of any literature treating of them
except in the most superficial way has prevented popular information, and
has given many intelligent and well-informed men ideas which are absurdly
incorrect. The Scotch-Irish came to this country, and especially to this
State, and the Carolinas, by thousands between 17 18 and 1776, and poured
into the West Indies in the same way. They were the sons and grandsons
of the Scotch who colonised Ulster between 1605 and 1700. Froude says
they were of more value to Ireland than California gold-mines, and Lecky
clearly shows how inevitable it was that English misrule in Ireland during
that period would drive from her shores the most active, progressive and
intelligent among her people. Statistics show that the Scotch out-
numbered the English and native Irish in Ulster five and even ten to one.
I suppose that of these five or ten, four or nine, as the case might be,
went to Ulster from the lowlands of Scotland, chiefly from Renfrew, Ayr,
and Wigtown. There is not a familiar name in these districts which was
not represented among these people, and sometimes by half a dozen
founders of separate families. While they comprised all classes, many of
them were younger sons whose place in Scotch families is well known,
and the average of education among then) I believe to have been higher,

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132 The Scottish Antiquary ;

than among any other considerable body of colonists to this country.
You will then see why your publication would interest many American
readers if these facts were commonly known.

But many of them in the present day have a vague idea that any con-
nection with Ireland is something to be ashamed of, and they confuse
these Scotch-Irish with the modern Irish emigrant, ignorant of the fact
that their ancestors looked upon his a few generations ago about as we
regard the Indian, and not knowing that the Scotch-Irish were as pure-
blooded Scotch as could have been found in Scotland itself. This
emigration from Ireland drew after it to this country many Scotch who had
no further connection with Ireland than the presence there of friends and
relations whose accounts sent back from here persuaded others to follow.
Comparatively small as was this influx of Scotch, those two classes of
colonists, which it is almost impossible to distinguish one from the other,
furnished an astonishing proportion of men who have left their mark upon
every institution or event in which we take pride in this country.

I did not intend to bore you with such a disquisition on the subject.
My purpose was to show how interesting your periodical would become to
many American readers if all this were understood, and if the further fact
were known that just as genealogy is the foundation of local history, it is
the only basis upon which can be built any accurate history of the Scotch-
Irish race. Another purpose was to show how much I, and no doubt
many readers, would value any historical matter bearing upon Scotch
colonisation in Ireland or America. Perhaps I may as well confess also
to a wish that you should credit me with a broader-minded and less selfish
interest than the pedigree of any one family.

559. Glassmakers (vol. vii. 145, viii. 15). — The following notes may
prove of interest. Oscar Paterson.

Glasgow.

*Bee,' Edinburgh 1792, says: * Thirty years before there was only one

glass company in Scotland, the hands working one half the year in

Glasgow and the other half at Leith' ; and adds *now there are six glass

houses in Leith alone, besides many others in different parts of the country.'

Bottle House Company, Leith, 1746.

1747. New brick houses were built on the sands of South I^ith near
the present Salamander Street
1764. An additional furnace.

Old and New Edinburgh^ vol. ii. 239 (Grant).

The following glassmakers appear in the Register of Baptisms, St.
Andrew's Episcopal Church, Glasgow. Editor.

1763. Cornelius Groves, bottlemaker.
„ Amos Robertson, „

1764. John Gardener, „

1765. Timothy Warren, „

1770. Joseph Wilkins, * Englishman,' bottlemaker.

1773. Thomas Rowand, bottlemaker.

1774. William Fletcher, ,,

560. Campbell of Ardchattan (vol. viii. 3, 64).— We have received
the following further corrections : Isabella Wellwood was not as stated

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(pp. 7 and 64) sole child of her father ; she had a sister Mary who married
Captain Laurence Johnston of Sands, grandfather of the present Laurence
Johnston of Sands, Esq., and of John J. Dalgleish, of Brankston Grange,
Esq.

X. Ann Campbell (p. 7) sister of (IX.) Alexander, Captain, married
Mr. Popham; he was not in the Royal Navy, but in the Indian Civil
Service, and was a son of Admiral Sir Howe Popham, R.N. Ed.

561. Sir James Macdonell, K.CB. (vol. vii. pp. 108, 156). — We
give below an extract from a letter just received from Miss Macdonell of
Glengarry, a daughter of Alastair Ronaldson Macdonell of Glengarry, and
a niece of Sir James. Our readers have, we hope, seen her reminiscences,
lately printed in Blackwood's Magazine. As at the date of the Battle of
Waterloo she was old enough to appreciate what occurred in her family, her
evidence is most valuable. She writes : * My uncle Sir James told us that
there was no truth in the legacy story, and I think an old officer told
him it was fortunately a good one, as it would certainly stick to him.
As the story runs, it was ;^Soo, and the Duke of Wellington named him
as the bravest man in the British army — that he received the ^500, and
gave the half of it to the sergeant (Fraser, I think) who held the gate
[of Hougomont] with him.' Miss Macdonell adds that the pipe banner
(vol. vii. p. 120) was embroidered by one of her elder sisters in 1826, the
materials being sent from Edinburgh by her mother's sister, Mrs. Skene,
the mother of the late William Forbes Skene. Ed.

562. Englishmen in Scotland. — Reference has been made to the
presence of very many Englishmen in Scotland in the 17 th century {Scottish
Antiquary^ vii. 155, viii. 20). We here give names of Englishmen, together
with a few foreigners and men carrying on curious trades, taken from the
Register of Baptisms, Canongate, Edinburgh, commencing September 8,
1645, to July 28, 1658. Ed.

1645. Sep. 8. Ismaell, sonofjohnequhite, hamerman, andMansieReed.
„ Sep. 12. George, son to John Smith, knokmaker, and Margt.

Neilsone.
George, son of Johnearnot, burneman, and Margt. Lourie.
Eupham, daughter to Harie Brookis, hameis maker, and

Isobel W°*sone.
Jonet, daughter to Jon Cornelius, silkweaver, and Katherin

M'Clure.
* Elizabeth, daughter to Ralph Potter, indweller in the

Canongate, and Elspith Clogie.
James, son to Wm. Foucanott and Jonet Broun.
William, illegitimate son to Better Sallaway, soldier.
Henrie, son. to Harie Brookis, harneis maker, and Isobel

Williamson.
Sampson, son to David Desgrange, painter, and Jiideth

Desgrange.
Robert Cameron, panton heillmaker.
Sarah, daughter of Richard Traveis, looking-glass maker,

and Sarah Crispe.
Robert, son of Ralph Potter, harper, and Elspeth Clogie.
John, son of John Cornelius, and Catherin M*Clure.

1648.

Oct.

Jan.

5
9

>»

May

16.

June

1649.

July
Sep.
Mar.

16.

S-
9.

>»

May

29.

1650.

Dec.
Mar.

14.
8.

}»
»>

April
June

9-
7.

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1 34 ^^^ ^Scottish Aniiquary ;

1 65 1. Dec. 19. Elizabeth, illegitimate daughter of Abraham Stansfeild,

Inglishman, and Barbara Smith.

1652. Feb. 21. Richard, son of Richard Traves, maker of soing glasses,

and Sarai Traves.
April 4. Harie, illegitimate son of late John Garleine, Inglishman,

and Jonet M*Kie.
April 25. Hercules, son of Hercules Broun, Inglishman, and Phoebe

broun. W, Robert Langlands, Vallentine Frestoun,

Henrie Ogell.
April 28. Barbara, illegitimate daughter of William Barone, Inglish-
man, and late Jonet quhyte.
May 19. Edward, son of Robert Davinport, Dyellmaker, and

Mayable Wilson.
Aug. 18. James, son of Samuell Japhcott, merchand of Leith, and

Jonet Ramsay.
Sep. 5. Marie, daughter of Ronnald Elcok, Inglishman, and

Margaret forbes.
Oct. 3. Jeane, daughter of John Cornelius, silkweaver, and

Catharine M'Clure.
Oct. 31. Brent, son of Williame Hix and Cicill Kintunis. W,

Brent Elie, Bassin blue.
Dec. 3. Margaret, daughter of John Barred, Inglishman, Waggoner,

and Margaret Badzenoch.
Dec. 3. Elizabeth, daughter of John Clerk, Inglishman, and Margt.

Wilsone. W, Stevin Antribus.
Dec. 19. Charles, illegitimate son of Thomas Davies, Inglishman,

* who is gone to England to his wife.'
Dec. 30. NicoUas, son of James Herrieson, merchan, Leith, and

Murie Stanfeild. W, NicoUas Hartlay, Robert Stan-

feild.

1653. Jan. 5. John, son of Thomas Henrie, Inglishman, and Marion

Scott.
„ Mar. 16. Note ' that Rodger Bune and Jonet Hodge were lawfully

married in England at Canterbury.'
„ Mar. 16. John, son of John Wood, Inglishman, and Cathrin

Alexr. W. Lourence Ambrose, Charles Marley.
„ Mar. 25. Helene, daughter of Henry Wickome, Inglishman, and

Jeane Lamb.
„ April 8. Anna, daughter of Richard Travels and Sfirah Traveis.
„ April 20. James, son of Robert Brammel, Inglishman, and Marie Ka.
„ May 27. Issoble, daughter of John Layne, servant to Capt Olie,

and Agnes Mylne.
„ June 3. Sarah, daughter of William Calvert, Inglishman, and

Marjorie Chapman. W, Thomas Riskew, Michaell

Baiker.
„ July 6. William, son of William Staresmore, Inglishman, and

Catharine Loudon. W, John Dylton (who declares

they were married at Leith), John Hansone.
„ Oct. 16. Aleis, daughter of Bassingburne Layre, Inglishman, and

Marie Layer. Said parties married in Ireland 7 years

ago.
„ Oct 18. Jeane, daughter of William Kight, Inglishman, and Jeane

Kight (they were married at Berwick).

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1653. Nov. II. Richard, son of Thomas Goodin, Inglishman, and Sophia
Wood (married in Edinburgh).

Nov. 18. Robert, son of William Westberrie, Ingh'shman, and Agnes

Burd. W. Robert Rackstead.
Nov. 20. Andro, son of Mathew Goodwin, Ingh'shman, and Christian

Matheson.
Dec. 16. Alexander, illegitimate son of late Richard Cairter,

IngHshman.
Dec. 20. Margaret, daughter of Francis Gift, and Anna Coilzer.

W, John Hardin, who states they were married at Leith

in March 1653.
Dec. 27. Zechariah, son of John Mairtene, tailler, and Elspeth

Colquhoune. W. Zechariah Bishop, Bassingburne

Layre.

1654. Jan. 15. Henrie, son of Robert South, Inglishman, and Helene

Strang. W. Henrie Gib, Henrie Carter.
„ Feb. 12. John, son of John Burrell, Inglishman, and Janet More.

W, John Hansone, Robt. South.
„ April II. Alexander, son of Timothie Oldfeild, and Catharine

Watt. Parties were married at Leith by an Inglish

minister.
„ April 23. William, son of William Burginshaw, Inglishman, and

Janet Hood, W, Robert Watson, John Broulands,

John Dent.
„ April 30. Rebecca, daughter of Andrew High, Inglishman, and

Dorathie High. W, Samuell Brooks, John Dent.
May 28. John, son of John Vause, one of the Inglish traine of

Artillerie, and Rachaell Fultoun. W. William Fultoun,

cordiner.
„ May 30. Rachaell, daughter of Josiah Dausone, Inglishman, and

Margaret Drummond.
„ June 6. Annas, daughter of John M*cree, Inglishman, and Marion

Ker.
„ June 13. Barbara, daughter of Charles Martin, Inglishman, and

Margaret Phin.
„ June 20. George, son of Myles Polwart, Inglishman, and Jeane

Ogilvie.
„ July 23. Anna, daughter of Hew Stodart, Inglishman, and Janet

Meikiljohn.
„ Aug. 8. Moses, son of umquhil John Cornelius, silkweaver, and

Catharin M'clure.
„ Aug. 15. William, son of Christopher Bodley, Inglishman, and

Magdalen Bodley.
„ Sep. 10. Jonet, daughter of Nathaniell Lauson, Inglishman, and

Beatrix Pantoun. W. Wm. Waters, John Boltoun.
„ Sep. 10. Robert, son of John Hardin, Inglishman, and Margaret

Lyle.
„ Oct. 10. Francis, son of Robert Saxon, Englishman, and Jean

Pollok.
„ Nov. 5. Helene, daughter of Samuell Brooks, Inglishman, and

Jonet Patersone W, John Brooks. Had been married

at Leith.

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136 The Scottish Antiquary ;

1654. Nov. 12. Marie, daughter of John Scott, Inglishman, and Margaret

Cuthbertsone.
„ Dec. 3. Margaret, daughter of John Hamilton, Inglishman, and

Margaret Thomson. W, Richd. Mathews, Arthur

North.
„ Dec. 12. John, son of Thomas Gordon, Inglishman, and Fayth

Gordon.
„ Dec. 26. Ephraim, son of Ephraim Bennet, Inglishman, and

Marion Young.

1655. Jan. 7. Anstisse, daughter of Robert Brammell, Inglishman, and

Marie Ker. W, John Layne, John Darew.
„ Jan. 7. Margaret, daughter of Thomas Riskew, Inglishman, and

Agnes Drummond.
,, Jan. 14. James, son of Ronald Eleok, Inglishman, and Margaret

Forbes,
„ Feb. 18. Elizabeth, illegitimate daughter of William Lamb, Inglish-
man, with Marion Kniblo.
„ Feb. 18. Robert, son "of Harie Quhet, Inglishman, one of the

Maissers, and Grissel Stewart
„ Mar. 1 1. James, son of Edward Thomsone, Inglishman, and Elspet

Blair.
„ Mar. 18. Catherine, daughter of Thomas Stokwall and Jonet Ross.

W, Myles Polwart.
,, Mar. 27. William, illegitimate son of William Peale and Agnes

Park. W. Thomas Faltles.
„ April 8. William, son of William Hicks and Cicill Tunis.
„ May I. Margaret, daughter of Thomas Featlie and Magdalen

Park.
,, May 8. John, son of John Lane, Inglishman, and Agnes Mylne.
„ May 15. Annas, daughter of Richard Mathews, Inglishman, and

Francis Mathews. W, Philip Couper and Richard

How.
„ June 3. Nathaniell, illegitimate son of Nathaniell Peats, Inglish-
man.
„ June 5. Thomas, son of Richard Willane, Inglishman, and

Euphame Fairlie.
„ June 12. John, son of Henry Antonius, Dutchman, and Jean

Wood.
„ July 8. John, son of Mathew Goodwin, Inglishman, and Cristane

Matheson. W, John Dent, Samuel Brooks.
„ July 8. Robert, son of William Maning, in the Canongate, and

Sara Nicol. W. Samuell Brooks and Robert Porrage,

who declares they were married by Benjamin Bume,

Inglish minister.
„ July 8. Jeane, daughter of John Bolton, Inglishman, and Helen

Bolton. W. John Darlington, John Hallowell.
„ July 10. Margaret, daughter of Richard Child, Inglishman, and

Margaret Couper. W, Thomas Stockwell, Myles

Newall.
„ July 15. John, son of Frances Clift, Inglishman, and Anna Collyer.

W, Patrick Maistet.
„ Aug. 16. Alisone, daughter of William Pailuig, Inglishman, and

Elrebeth Heugh.

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1655. Sep. 2. Williame, son of Thomas Brown, Inglishman, and Gather.

M*Millane.
„ Sep. 4. Thomas, son of John Dabson, Inglishman, and Jonet

Rutherford.
„ Sep. 16. Thomas, son of John Burres, Inglishman, and Jonet Mure.
„ Sep. 23. George, son of Richard Cob, Inglishman, and Rebecka

Cob. W, Thomas Nash, Bassingbourne Layre.
„ Sep. 25. Robert, son of Robert South, Inglishman, and Hellen

South. W, Richard Histome, Mathew Clerk.
„ Sep. 30. William, illegitimate son of John Newbank. W» William

Caverlie, William Byres, William Mairtene.
,, Oct. 13. Elizabeth, daughter of John Clerk, Inglishman, and

Isobel Brysone. W. Andrew Fin, Christopher Smith,

Ronald Elcock, witness to the marriage of the said

pair, the father being in Barbadoes.
,, Oct. 16. William, son of John Wood, Inglishman.
,, Oct. 23. John, son of John Lechford, Inglishman, and Margaret

Warden.
„ Nov. 27. Euphame, daughter of John Makrell, Inglishman, and

Marion Ker.
,, Dec. 2. Margaret, daughter of Richard Tukie, Inglishman, and

Agnes Clerk.
„ -Dec. 16. William, son of William Glew, Inglishman. IV, Willm.

Burkinshaw, John Gregorie, Thomas Riskero.
„ Dec. 18. Archibald, son of William Westberrie, Inglishman, and

Agnes Burd.
,, Dec. 23. Jonet, daughter of John Hardin, Inglishman, and Mar-
garet Lyle. W, Andro Smith and Francis Clift
„ Dec. 30. Marion, illegitimate daughter of John Abbot, Inglishman.
{To be continued.)

QUERIES.

CCXLIX. Lawrie Family.— I should be glad to know to which Scottish
family Gavin Lawrie belonged, who was circa 1662 a merchant
in London. He became one of the twenty-four proprietors of
East Jersey, U.S.A., under James, Duke of York, and was ap-
pointed, first of all, Deputy-governor, and then Chief Governor of
the province. He was a Quaker, and probably left London on
account of his religious opinions. He had business and friendly
connections with Quakers at Aberdeen and in the Merse. I wish
to find out to what coat-of-arms he was entitled.

Fess Checquy.

CCL. Clan Forbes. — Information is desired concerning the parent-
age of David Forbes, Writer, Brodie's Close, Lawnmarket, Edin-
burgh. He died 19th August 1796 at Laurieston, Edinburgh,
aged 90. He married Helen Dalmahoy, daughter and co-heiress
of {a) William Dalmahoy of Carnbee, Pittenweem, Fife, and had
two sons, William (b. 1763), and Captain Alexander (b. 1767).
Witnesses to baptisms : (b) Alexander Munro, Physician in

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13^ The Scottish Antiquary ;

Edinburgh, and Sophia Lundie, Lady Innergellie. Trustees
named in will : John Swinton, of Swinton, and Sir William Nairn,
of Dunsinan, both senators of the College of Justice ; (b) Dr.
George Munro, late His Majesty's Physician in Minorca; Dr.
Joseph Robertson, Surgeon in Edinburgh ; Dr. Nathaniel Spens,
Physician there; and Charles Stewart, Writer to the Signet.
Cautioner to Notary Bond : Daniel Forbes, Writer in Edinburgh,
son of Daniel Forbes, Lybster, Latheron, Caithness. Amongst
his effects were: two old seals, (i) an eagle displayed, with
motto, ^ Spurnit Humum^ \ (2) an old coat-of-arms (not matricu-
lated) I St and 4th as for Forbes of CuUoden, 2nd and 3rd as for
Dalmahoy. Also two portraits: (i) a Lord (?) David Forbes
(Sir David Forbes of Newhall ?) ; (2) a Lady Margaret Hume.

(a) Who was William Dalmahoy of Cambee ? Was Helen
Martin, who married (say about 1679) William Dalmahoy i. of
Ravelrig, Midlothian, the daughter of George Martin, 2nd son
of Dr. George Martin, of St. Salvator's College, St. Andrews?

{b) Who were Alexander Munro, Physician in Edinburgh,
and Dr. George Munro, late His Majesty's Physician in Minorca?
(Lumsden's Family of Forbes states that Captain James Forbes,
of Caithness (2nd son of Duncan Forbes i. of Culloden) married
Agnes Munro, daughter of George Munro of Pitlundie, elder
brother of Sir Alexander Munro of Bearcrofts : also that Margaret,
4th daughter of Duncan Forbes in. of Culloden (and sister of
Lord President Forbes of Culloden) married George Munro of
M . ) * Absque Metu. '

CCLL Rhymer. — Is Rhymer a name associated with any particular
locality in Scotland. So far as I can gather it does not appear
to be an historical name save for its accidental association with
Thomas the Rhymer. I would be glad to learn, then, if the name
is a Scottish one, if it is in any way territorial, if any represen-
tatives of the name have ever been settled in Lanarkshire.

O. P.

CCLIL CuNYNGHAME OF GiLBERTFiELD. — Information wanted as to
the descent of Sir Robert Cunynghame of Gilbertfield, and of
Janet Hamilton, his wife.

It is possible that he is the Robert Cunynghame mentioned
in a list of the Hamiltons and their vassals, 2nd January 1565-6
{Reg, Privy Seal, vol. xxxiv. fol. 29), but I have no doubt of his
identity with Robert Cuninghame of Easter Moffet, servant of
John, Commendator of Abirbrothok, witness to a charter, 20th
May 1577 {Register of the Great Seal^ vol. iv. No. 2687). He
was Captain of Dumbarton Castle under John, Lord Hamilton,
1585-1591. He acquired Gilbertfield, co. Lanark, before 1594,
and died there in 1628. Sir Robert Cunynghame was also
possessed of lands within the burgh of Dumbarton.

A. W. G. B.

CCLIII. Ramsay. — Mr. David Ramsay of Lethendy and Murthly,
CO. Perth, Writer to the Signet, who afterwards acquired Mungall,

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oy, Kortkern Notes and Queries. 1 39

CO. Stirling, was son of Mr. William Ramsay of Murthly, by
Margaret Campbell, his spouse {Perthshire Sasines). Was this
Margaret Campbell of the family of Campbell of Murthly?

Mr. William Ramsay of Murthly was son of David Ramsay
in Grantullie {Reg, Privy Sea/). I will be glad of any informa-
tion as to Mr. William, or as to the descent of his father, David
Ramsay.

In some editions of Burke's Peerage {voce Sir Archibald
Campbell, Bart.), it is stated that Duncan Campbell of Dun-
n eaves married Grace, daughter of David Ramsay of Lethendy
and Murthly, the Writer to the Signet being evidently intended ;
but this seems impossible ; she was more likely sister or aunt.

Information wanted as to this point also. A. W. G. B.

CCLIV. Campbell of Auchmannock. — Referring to the interesting
account of the old chest and charters of the family of the
Campbells of Craignish (vol. viii. p. 78), will the writer, or any
other, kindly give information on another branch of the same
wide-spread family ?

What were the names of the sons and brothers of Sir Hugh
Campbell of Loudon Castle, co. Ayr, who lived in 1406, also of
those of his son. Sir George Campbell of Loudon, who was
hostage for the payment of the ransom of King James l in 1424 ?
During these times the ancestors of the Campbells of Auch-
mannock, CO. Ayr, branched off. Any information as to which
will be very acceptable, as tending to elucidate old family charters
which have become too obliterated to decipher. Y.

CCLV. Attainders, i 745-46. — In what record can one find these ?
Were the attainders by Act of Parliament, and if so, what are the
statutes, and are they special, naming the attainted persons, or
general, attainting all persons who had joined the rising and done
certain acts. If not by statute, what constituted the attainder 7
*• Jacobite.

CCLVI. BoTHWELL Bridge Prisoners.— -I observe the following in
vol iii. of Wodrow's Church History (1830 edition), chap. iii.
sect. 2 : — * The lords of his majesty's privy council, in obedience
to his majesty's letter, of the date June 29th [1679], ordain such
of the prisoners as were taken in the rebellion ... . to the no.
of 300 or 400 conform to the list brought in by the committee,
and to be approven by the council,' etc. etc.

Is the list referred to in existence, and if so, where can it be
seen ? A. G. Scorr.

CCLVII. Gray, Scrymgeour, Crichton, Campbell.— Perhaps some
of your readers can throw light on the following statements in
Douglas's Peerage^ sub voce Gray.

* Isabel, the eldest daughter of Andrew, third Lord Gray, by
his second wife. Lady Elizabeth Stewart, is stated to have married,
1st, Sir James Scrymgeour of Dudhope, Constable of Dundee,
and, 2nd, James Crichton of Ruthven.'

* Isabel, second daughter of Patrick, fourth Lord Gray, is

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140 The Scottish Antiquary :

stated to have married, ist, Sir Adam Crichton of Ruthven, and
2nd, Sir John Campbell of Lundie.'

There is evidently some confusion here about the marriages,
if not as to the identity of the ladies themselves. About the first
marriage the evidence is satisfactory enough. On the 30th June
1595, there is a charter by Andrew, Lord Gray, in which he sells
to James Scrimgeour a third part of the lands of Dudhope, to be
held by him and Isabella Gray 'ejus apparentem sponsam/
Scrimgeour died about 1503. On 24th August 1510, there is a
confirmation of a charter by Robert Middleton, in which he sells
certain lands to Adam Crichton of Ruthven and Isabella Gray,
his wife. Adam must have died previous to 15 16, as on 15th
November of that year we find Isabella Gray styled relict of the
late Adam Creichton of Ruthven, and on 26th March 15 17 she
is styled in addition ' domina de Dudhope.'

The above charters, all of which are in the Register of the
Great Seal, show that Isabella Gray, the wife of James Scrimgeour,
subsequently became the wife of Adam Crichton. On the 27th
of April 1529, there is a grant of the lands of Balquhan to Mr.
John Campbell and Lady Isabella Gray, his wife : they are also
mentioned under the designations of Sir John Campbell of Lundy
and Lady Isabella Gray in charters of date 27th April 1539, and
13th March 1541-42.

Was Lady Campbell of Lundy the same Isabella Gray who
had previously married Scrimgeour and Crichton ? In point of
time she could quite well be : if she were married to Scrimgeour
in 1495 ^t t^^ ^gc o^ twenty, it would make her fifty-four when
we find her described as the wife of Lundy, aa elderly but not
an impossible bride. On the other hand, while the Isabella Gray
of the charters of 15 16 and 15 17 is called 'widow/ there is no
such qualifying word designation used in the charter of 1 529. But
against that may be put the fact that neither in the charter of
1 5 10 is Isabella styled ' widow,' which she seems to have been.

As to the statements in Douglas, the marriage to Scrimgeour
is apparently correct: that to James Crichton of Ruthven is
wrong. So far as I have been able to ascertain, James Crichton
of Ruthven, who was alive in 1480, had only one wife, Agnes
Hepburn. Her son, Adam, married, ist, — probably about 1482
— Elizabeth, daughter of William Stirling of Keir, and, 2nd,
Isabella Gray as above. Adam's son James is styled ' quondam '
in 1537, and, as appears from a charter of date loth November
of that year, married a Janet Ogston, and had a son, James, who
ultimately married a daughter of Fraser of Lovat.

The question still remains, were there two Isabella Grays, or
one ? If two, how are the marriages mentioned in Douglas to be
apportioned ? L * *.

CCLVIII. Armourers at Doune. — Can any reader supply information
(or give name of a work and where it is to be obtained) respect-
ing the colony of armourers who appeared to have worked at
Doune, Stirlingshire, from about 1650 to commencement of nine-
teenth century? Their specialty, the steel Highland pistols,

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have always been famous, with names on them of Caddell,
Campbell, Murdoch, etc., who were all believed to have lived at
Doune. V. A. F.

CCLIX. Bkthune YhJAWN.—Bethunes of Cubiaskea^ Ross-shire, — Are
there any available records of this family ? When and by whom
was the estate purchased and sold, and what became of the
family on the sale of the estate ?

Bethunes of CraigfudiCy Fifeshire. — This family was founded
by William Bethune, Advocate, son of Bethune of Bandon.
William, according to the Macfarlane ms., had many children.
What became of them and of the further issue ? Apparently in
1 72 1 the then Laird was John Bethune, who had issue. When
and by whom was the estate sold, and what became of the
family ?

Rev. Joseph Bethune^ M.A.y Minister of Renton^ Berwick-
shire, licensed by the Presbytery of Edinburgh, 25th August
1790; tutor and chaplain in family of Sir John Stirling of
Glovat, Bart.; called and ordained 1794; demitted to go as
Missionary to Jamaica 1799; died at Kingston, Jamaica, June
1800. Of what family or parentage was he ?

Any information concerning any of these will be greatly valued.

Alfred A. Bethune-Baker.

12 Old .Square, Lincoln's Inn.

CCLX. — Caithness Highlanders and Breadalbane Fencibles. —
What were the uniforms of these regiments ?

St. Andrews.

CCLXL Douglas, Captain Francis. — Will any person be so kind as
to give information of this gentleman or extracts from any
Douglas pedigree in which the name of Francis appears, and
also that of Mackenzie, Calvert, Furlong, Mason, Leane, or Lee ?
Francis Douglas, who was a man of education, was born about
1735-40, and dead, drowned at sea, by 1810. He married at
Rochester, Kent, in 1763, one Sarah Clark. They were my
grandmother's parents. In the London Evening Sun for 1820,
Sarah Douglas' (nee Clark) death is recorded as * Widow of the
late Captain Douglas of Newcastle.' He may have been of the
Killhead Douglases. W. H. Cottell.

CCLXIL Ross, General, CB. — Can any of your readers inform me to
which family Lieutenant-General John Ross, C.B., who died at
Southampton 17th May 1843, belonged? General Ross had a
distinguished military career. Ensign in the 36th, 2nd June
1793; Lieutenant in the 52nd, 8th May 1796; attaining the
rank of Lieut-colonel in that regiment i8th February 1808.
He commanded his regiment at the Battle of Vimiera, through
Sir John Moore's campaign, and at the Battle of Fuentes
d'Onor. After filling a number of distinguished posts at home,

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he was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey, 14th August
1828, and he held it until 31st March 1837. C.B. in June 1815.

CCLXIII. Chaffee. — Information as to the Scottish habitat of this family
is earnestly requested by an American citizen who has reason to
believe that it is of Scottish origin. W, H. C.

REPLIES TO QUERIES.

CCXXXV. Bulloch and Horn Family. — Some particulars may be added
to the account of the Horns of West Hall given at p. 89. Mr.
James Home, Vicar of Elgin, was probably son of John Home
of Balgownie and his spouse Agnes Touch. He may have had
elder brothers, but there is no authority for the fact except a
section in Fleming's Appendix to Nisbet, which contains much
that is obviously apocryphal. Mr. James Home married Anne
Leslie, daughter of John Leslie of Pitcaple and Agnes Ramsay
(2nd daughter of Sir Gilbert Ramsay of Balmain, ist Bart).
His son and successor, Mr. John Horn, Advocate, married the
Honourable Anne Arbuthnot, daughter of Robert, 2nd Viscount
Arbuthnot and his second wife, Katherine Gordon (daughter of
Robert Gordon^ of Pitlurg and Straloch), and had by her a
daughter, Anne Horn, eventually heiress of Horn, who married
3rd March 171 1, Hew Dairy mple. Lord (of Session) Drummore,
a son of the Honourable Sir Hew Dalrymple, Bart., of North
Berwick, Lord President of the Court of Session, when the family
of Horn became merged in that of Logie-Elphin stone.

R. E. B,

CCXLIL James Ross of Balneil. — The notices quoted from M*Kerlie's
Lands and their Chvners in Galloway are incomplete and mis-
leading. Gilbert Ross, designed of Milneanerdaill, Parish
Colmonell, Provost of the Collegiate Church of Maybole, pos-
sessed of large landed property in Ayr and Galloway, and a
notary, married Christian Forester, relict of Simon Fergusson
Younger of Kilkerran, and daughter, according to Playfair, of
Forester of Garden. Their eldest son, John Ross, married
Anna M'Gill (daughter of David M*Gill and Marie Sinclair his
spouse, and) sister german to Mr. James M^Gill of Cranstoun-
Riddell. (Sasine dated 28th April, and registered i6th June
1 6 2 1 , General Register of Sasififs, vol. viii. fol. 54.) Their second
son James, afterwards designed Major James Ross of Balneil,
married, contract dated ist August 1622, Sara Syme, daughter
of umquhile Mr. Alexander Syme, Advocate. The marriage did
not take place till after 8th February 1623. (Genera/ Register
0/ Sasines, vol. 12, fol. 250.) The issue was 8 daughters.

Margaret, the eldest, who inherited Balneil, married, firstly,
contract dated 20th January 1640, Fergus Kennedy of Knock-
daw ; and, secondly, contract dated 29th September 1643, James

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Dalrymple of Stair, afterwards Lord President of the Session,
and first Viscount Stair.

Of the other daughters, Christian married, contract dated
loth June 1643, Thomas, eldest son of John Dunbar of
Mochrum, with a portion of 8000 merks.

Elizabeth married, (22nd September?) 1651, Robert Farquhar
of Gilmilnscroft, with the same portion, 8000 merks.

Helen married, contract dated 23rd July and i8th September
1656, John Cunninghame.

Jean married, contract dated 19th August 1658, Ronald
Chalmers,

Janet married John Macdowall, brother german to

Macdowall of Gerthland, with a portion of 6000 merks.

The remaining two daughters possibly did not marry.

R. E. B.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

CraiL Privately printed. — Mr. Erskine Beveridge, in his history of
Crail and the monuments which adorn the churchyard there, has suc-
ceeded in producing a work which must give satisfaction to every
antiquary and ecclesiologist. The work is privately printed and the
number of copies are few, but those who do not possess it will find it in
our public libraries, and cannot fail to draw instruction and enjoyment
from a perusal of it. The illustrations are from photographs taken by Mr.
Beveridge, and have been reproduced with great care and success. Crail
well rewards a pilgrimage. Situated in the very corner of the East Neuk of
Fife, it is full of tokens of the past, and not one of these has escaped Mr.
Beveridge's careful pen, nor where possible his camera. The volume is
royal quarto in size, and is handsome and tasteful in appearance as well as
valuable from its contents.

The County Families of the Zetland Isles. Lerwick : T. and J. Manson.
— Mr. Francis James Grant, W.S., Carrick Herald, has with much labour
compiled the pedigrees of upwards of eighty Zetland county families. His
skill has been shown in former works, and his readers may rely on such
accuracy as it is possible to attain in the compilation of such a work. It
will be seen that many of the families whose genealogy are recorded were
settlers, and in many cases several branches of the family became pos-
sessed of property, there being 8 families of Bruce, 7 of Scott, and 3 of
Mitchell. We have to lament the scarcity of good histories of the
Scottish Counties. When each possesses a genealogical account as full and
well arranged as this volume of Mr. Grant's, much will be done to clear
away the mists that surround the eariier history of many of our county
families. The work is well printed and got up.

77ie Coinage of the European Continent, by W. Carew Hazlitt. London :
Swan Sonnenschein and Co. — ^To a Scottish antiquary this volume should
be extremely serviceable. Scotland was overrun with foreign coins, and it

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144 ^'^^ Scottish Antiquary.

is often extremely difficult to understand the nature of commercial transac-
tions, owing to the payment being madein ducadoons, rex-dollars, leg-dollars,
French crowns, and other coins whose values and nationalities are not
always given. Mr. Hazlitt has illustrated his work copiously and effec-
tively, and has added a valuable list of the sovereigns of European States,
some of which are not to be found in Haydn's Book of Dignities,
There is also a full catalogue and description of European mints which
will prove exceedingly useful to the numismatist. England, Ireland,
and Scotland are not included in the work. For Scotland a handbook
such as Mr. Hazlitt's is much needed, especially with an account of the
introduction of foreign coins. We hope Mr. Hazlitt will make his work
complete by giving us another volume.

Weather Lore, by Richard Inwards, F.R.A.S. London : Elliot Stock.
— Mr. Stock has the happy knack of bringing out handy-sized volumes,
attractive in appearance and interesting to those who have a love for the
past. The volume before us is no exception. Mr. Inwards has collected a
vast amount of information about weather lore. It is exceedingly well
arranged, and a good index is added. A careful study of it should make
the reader weather wise ; and though the auguries may at times disappoint
him, yet he will not regret the perusal of a book full of interest.

London Signs and Inscriptions, by Philip Norman, F.S.A. London:
Elliot Stock. — The use of signs in England was not confined to inns.
Every shop had its sign, and the custom is not yet quite extinct. In
Scotland this was not the case. Very few instances are to be met with of
shops or inns bearing a distinctive sign. London, as was natural, was
full of signs. Some were boards hung out, or wooden figures placed
on brackets. These have in most cases long since perished. There
were, however, signs carved on stone and let into the walls. These are
fast disappearing, owing to the destruction of old streets. Mr. Nopnan
has done a good work in describing such as remain, either in situ or in
museums, and he has illustrated his remarks with quotations from old
writers. The book is well arranged and well got up.

T/ie Gentleman's Magazine Library, Part IV. London : Elliot Stock.
— This part carries on the work undertaken by Mr. Gomrae of extracting
from the Gentlematis Magazine interesting items, and arranging them
under counties. The counties dealt with in Part iv. are Durham, Essex,
and Gloucestershire, and the volume is not of less value than its pre-
decessor, which we have already noticed.

We hope to give in the next number a notice of the proceedings of
the Edinburgh Bibliographical Society, which is doing a good work. We
regret that our notice is not ready for this number. Ed.

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BISHOPSGATE, LONDON.

Vol. I. {now ready for binding). Contents : —

Transcript (597 pages). I. Marriages, 1558-1753 (^ i>350
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3. Burials, 1 558-1628 (19,000 entries).

Index (225 pages of 3 columns small type).

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entries).
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Containing Baptisms, 1629- 1690 (18,400 entries).
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NOTE.— These three volumes contain 1597 pag^es of transcript (many being
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Burials, a grand total of 120,790 entries, making the publication the most
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The Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes and Queries

CONTENTS.

Notes.

Sir James MacdoneU, K.C.B.. . 145

Palaeolithic Weapons in Scotland, 147

Good FViday called Peace Friday. 151

Old Rhyme : * We are three Jews,' 151
Visit to London, 1687. . .152

The Haunted Tower. St. Andrews, 158

Ancient Tombstone firom the Hovrff, 161

The Groat Tombstone, . . 169
Inventory and last Will of Sir John

Lyell 162

Macdonell of Barrisdale, . 163
The Fordoun Tombstone, . 165
Stirling and Murray Families, 166
A Tinker Desperado, . 166
John Knox's Watch, ... 168
Watch of Dnimmond of Hawthorn-
den. 169

Old Registers at Ldth, . . 169

Brass &anch Lights in Churches. 170

Burial of an Old Scots Guard, 170

An Old Dunkdd Seal. ... 170

Preservation of Old Records, . 172

Names of Scots Guards in France, 172
Old Stirling Registers, . '173

Parish Registers in Scotland, 175

QUESIKS.

CCLXIV. la) Norman ; Id) Orcadian ;
{£) Earls of Athole ; (d)
Earb of Angus ; {e) Earls

ofStratheme, . 179

CCLXV. Campbell of Glenlyon, . 181

563.
564.
565.
566.
567.
568.

569.
570.
57<-

57a.
573-
574.

576.
577.

578.
579-

581.

583.
584.
585.

CCLXVL

ccLxvn.

CCLXVIH.

CCLXIX.

CCLXX.

CCLXXI.

CCLXXIL

ccLxxm.

CCLXXIV.
CCLXXV.

Families of Grant, Camp-
bell, Amot, Law, Innes,
and Gibson, .
A Milnwright, •
Families of Vesey and Ker,
Archibald Stobo, .
Baillie of Dunain, .
John Forbes. Annabella
Bruce, ....
Mirambel,
' Racabo undes,'
Family of de Lardi,
General John Forbes of
Skellater,

Replies.

CCXXXIL
CCXXXV.

ccxxxvn.

CCXLII.
CCXLIII.

CCL.

CCLL

CCLVIII.

CCLIX.

CCLX.

The ' Regiment
Douflas,'

Bulloch and Home Fami-
lies

Drysdale,

James Ross of Balneil, .

Colonel Douglas's Regi-
ment, ....

{a) Forbes Family; {d)
Monro Family,

Rhymer, ....

Armourers at Doune,

Bethune Family,

Uniform of Caithness
Fencibles,

x8i
182
182
X83
183

183
183

184
184

184

I8S
185
x86

186

187
187

191

Notices of Books. . .191

Note. — Tke Editor does not hold himself responsible for the opinions

or statements of Contributors.

All Communications to be sent to the Editor of*^ The Scottish Antiquary*

The Parsonage, Alloa.

563. Sir James Macdonell, K.C.B. (vol. vii. pp. io8, 156 ; viii. p. 133).
— The interest taken in the notes under this heading has not yet died
away. The information given suggests the view that while there may have
been no formal decision as to the pre-eminence of any individuals in
respect of personal bravery manifested at Waterloo, the battle was so full
of striking incidents that special heroes were not wanting. It is certain
that the closing the gates of Hougomont in the face of the foe was regarded
as a most noteworthy exploit, and it was made the subject of an historical
picture which has been engraved. In this picture two soldiers are
represented: one we know was Sir James Macdonell, and the other a
soldier of his regiment Major-General Sir John C. Cowell, K.C.B., who

VOL, VIII. — NO. XXXII. K

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has taken a deep interest in the matter, writes : ' I beg you will allow me
to make a further statement to you upon the subject of Sir James's com-
panion in closing the gate upon the French in their attack upon the post.
With all due respect to Miss Macdonell, who states she thinks that Fraser
was the name of the man who assisted her uncle, I would submit that the
word she uses implies uncertainty, and as I am most tmwilling to suppress
anything which bears out my [former] statement that his name was Colin
Macdonald, I wish to mention that when I was introduced to the old
soldier by the late Sir Edmund Head (the then Governor-General of
Canada), who mentioned at the time that he was Sir James Macdonell's
companion on that memorable occasion, Macdonald accepted the descrip-
tion in a pleasing manner. The late General the Honourable Charles
Gray, who commanded the 71st Highland Light Iniiantry, in which
Macdonald had at one time served, knew him very well in Canada when
the regiment was stationed there, and it was he who communicated with
the military authorities in England respecting the appointment which
Macdonald told me he wished to have, when I asked him what would be
most acceptable to him in recognition of this very service to which refer-
ence is made in connection with Sir James Macdonell. I should add that
General Gray was delegated to be the medium of communicating with the
military authorities upon the subject of the appointment being granted, as
he was so well aware of the gallant service which Macdonsdd had per-
formed with Sir James Macdonell, and he told me afterwards with great
satisfaction that he had obtained what he so much desired to have, rather
for the benefit of his widow than for himself, if she survived him.'

The post here referred to was Fort Adjutant at Kingston, Canada.
Surely, if he had no children, there must be surviving friends who can
give some further information about him.

The story of the special legacy and its allotment is probably, as Miss
Macdonell believes, apocryphal, but we have two heroes concerned in one
notable exploit, \\z. Sir James Macdonell and his comrade in arms,
Colin Macdonald.

Sir John Dalrymple Hay (vii. 156) adds the name of Lord Saltoun.
Doubtless he was engaged with the enemy at the same time and place as
his comrades, Macdonell and Macdonald, but the painter of the picture,
which represents two figures in the act of closing the gate, must have
inquired into the particulars of the incident, which was then of recent
occurrence. So we must give Lord Saltoun credit for gallantry distinct
from the particular act of gate-shutting. As to Macgregor who is mentioned
(p. 158), there must be a mistake ; indeed, the story appears to mix up two
incidents. The latter may be the real exploit for which he received the
appointment of Yeoman of the Guard.

Yet another soldier has received credit for a share in this remarkable
exploit. Mr. T. M. Deane, Bray, Dublin, has sent me the Giiide to the
Royal Hospital^ Dublin, Page 28 contains an account of an old pensioner,
James Graham, who died in 1845, ^g^^ 54* From an extract from
Siborne's History of the Catnpaigne ^ 1815 we find him associated with
Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonell, Captain Wyndham, Ensigns Gooch and
Harvey, * who succeeded in closing the gate against their assailants.' It
is added that *in August of that year (1816), and while the Anglo- Allied
army was in Paris, the Duke of Wellington received a letter from the
Rev. Mr. Norcross, rector of Framlingham in Suffolk, expressing his wish

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to confer a pension of £,\o a year for life on some Waterloo soldier to be
named by his Grace.' It is added that this James Graham, then of the
Coldstreams, received it for two years, when it ceased owing to the bank-
ruptcy of the donor.

Of this fresh version of the gate story we would suggest that the
number of defenders mentioned and their names differ from the other
version materially, but it may be noted that in every version Sir James
Macdonell's name appears, and we think that Sir John Cowell has
made out a very sufficient case for Macdonald as his companion — and,
according to family report and the evidence of the picture already
mentioned — as his only companion. I hope some reader having friends
in Kingston will obtain some information about the death and ^mily of
the old hero of Hougomont. Ed.

564. Palaeolithic Weapons in Scotland. — On grounds which appear
to me quite inconclusive, scientific men have, whenever the question has been
mooted, insisted that evidences of palaeolithic man have not only not yet
been found in North Britain, but that they never would be found there. I
had, so long ago as 1867-68, made some search in the gravels of Cambridge-
shire for possible evidences of this ancient race of men, with what I
regard as affirmative results. Twenty-two years ago I came to Scotland.
I then unfortunately accepted the prevailing opinion, held by such scientists
as Sir Archibald and Professor James Geikie, that they were not to be
found in this country, and thus I spent eleven years in active study associated
with rivers and their physical phenomena without ever dreaming of looking
for evidence of palaeolithic man, which, as I now believe I have evidence
to show, lay under my eyes the whole time.

Scientific men, however, know that the eye does not necessarily mark
the most conspicuous phenomena if the mind be in quest for something
different : — Thus the enthusiastic botanist does not notice ornithological
objects, nor does the ornithologist the plants under his feet. In my case
the functions and phenomena of the rivers of to-day wholly absorbed my
attention, whilst I was constantly treading the gravels and sands of the
beds of streams, or climbing denuded cliffs whence they were derived.
An event, however, at last occurred, which showed me the possibility, nay,
probability, of the existence of the relics of palaeolithic man in Scotland,
and I discovered evidence sufficient to satisfy me that palaeolithic weapons
will ere long be recognised as occurring as commonly in North as they do
in South Britain.

In 1883 I journeyed to the south of England, and to several localities
in N.-W. Europe, with the primary object of satisfactorily completing
my investigations of certain river phenomena. While on this excursion,
which extended over several months, I became perfectly convinced that
the recent geological phenomena (fluviatile and otherwise), which were in
those regions intimately associated with the history of palaeolithic man,
destroyed any argument that he did not exist in North Britain. I there-
fore concluded that his relics would be found' by patient search.

I have followed out ray quest as occasion offered during the past ten
years, with results briefly put as follows —

First I have found in the Tay Valley that the soils of certain areas
contain raany fragments of stone almost always angular and unrolled
(where not mellowed or decayed chemically), and that these areas always

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148 The Scottish Antiquary ;

occur above certain other areas which my river observations show me are
of an origin much later than the former. There exists therefore a parallel
of occurrence of these stones with an historical demarcation caused by
physical agency.

Secondly. Similarly distributed angular stones abundantly occur in the
palaeolithic areas in South Britain and in N.-W. Europe, according to my
own observations. In these regions there are areas of more modem origin
without such scattered stones corresponding with such areas in Scotland.

Thirdly, Many of the stones of such soil distribution in South Britain
and N.-W. Europe are, as I have plenty of evidence to prove, of intentional
form, and therefore of human origin. It is the same with specimens
taken from the soils of similar areas in Scotland.

Fourthly, I can show geologically that these stones were not accidentally
detached from inferior strata, as, for instance, by the plough bringing them
up into the soil. I affirm that no physicist can suggest any natural agent
save man that could have distributed such stones as they occur.

Fifthly, In England and France the best evidence that palaeolithic
man was coexistent with the great extinct mammalia is found in ancient
gravels ; so in Scotland I believe I have found in ancient * kame ' or other
gravels undeniable evidence of these ancient men.

Sixthly, In England and France no very definitely accepted relics
of this man have been found in older deposits than those of (probably)
fluviatile origin, and in caves; although assertions of such discoveries
have been made. It is my opinion that relics of this race are, in Scotland,
and perhaps the north of England, to be found in so-called * till ' which is
generally presumed to consist of glacial deposits. The better-marked
relics will probably be found in low-lying glacial deposits, because the
last of the glaciers crept down the Scotch valleys, and ousted palaeolithic
man ; his weapons left on the then valley floors and in the ancient river
gravels became mixed up with the glacial debris — these same glaciers not
intruding upon Southern England and Northern France have left the
gravels, etc., which contain the weapons buried and untouched during the
closing inception of cold. That this old race afterwards returned to these
Scottish regions there is, I maintain, evidence in the soils to show. The
reasons why his weapons are here not so conspicuous as in lower regions
can only be elaborated at too great length for the Scottish Antiquary, I
hope, however, to maintain my position in two works I have in hand, * The
Rivers^ and ^Palaeolithic Man in Britain,^ On these I have been engaged
for twenty-two years.

Antiquaries have, I believe, too readily acquiesced in the opinion of
scientific men concerning this matter, and have done so because, in Scot-
land in particular, the solution of the question demands a fuller apprecia-
tion of geological phenomena and geographical occurrence than it has
received. Of such consequence is this, that I lay imperative stress upon
mere occurrence of intentionally hand-wrought stones, since, irrespective of
form or any attributes save their universal angularity, it can be shown
that no agent save man carf have distributed them over the wide areas
of their occurrence. Their forms are, nevertheless, of the greatest value,
since in the matter of form I have found cumulative evidence which
appears to me to be as remarkable as it is undeniable.

The story of neolithic man has been enthusiastically and successfully
studied by antiquaries and scientists, museums are crowded with their

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149

polished hatchets and perforated hammers, but the story oi palaeolithic
man (and as is lately suggested miolithic) has yet in almost its entirety
to be studied. The French and English flint hachts, the only (commonly)
recognised forms of his relics, tell but an insignificant part of his story so
far as it is possible to be read around us. Many of the soils are
crowded with his relics, rough arrow and spear heads, and still more
coarsely-wrought hachhs, being, as I myself have seen, collected by the
cart-load and used as common and easily obtained road-metal.

The appearance of the excellent article in the Scotsman (Feb. 20th,

1894) upon Palaeolithic Man in the Caves of Men tone has led to the
writing of this brief paper, which my old friend (the Editor of the Scottish
Antiquary) requested me more than a year ago to undertake.

The accompanying plates illustrate the common forms of some
palaeolithic weapons. Of the three specimens in Plate I., No. 2 is of
flint from the soil in the South of England. No. i from the soil near
Edinburgh, and No. 3 from the soil near Perth. These are not water-
worn, but are more or less decayed. They are formed of felsites, the one

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exceedingly close grained, and fashioned from a rolled cylindrical mass, the
other coarser and more decayed, fashioned on all its sides by hand. Plate
11. represents six specimens from river gravels, derived directly ixomkamc
ox boulder-clay beds; they are more or less rolled. Nos. i, 2, 4, and 5 are
from the bed of the Esk near Musselburgh, Nos. 3 gnd 6 are from the
Earn. All the specimens (which are f natural size) give in section a well

balanced triangle, which in some cases is marred by recent accidental
breakages — these recent fractures being easily distinguished from the older
surfaces. It may be well to expose a common fallacy that flint was the
only material used. In the South of England these weapons are made
not only of flint but of various rocks, generally volcanic. In Scotland,

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owing to the absence of flint in situ^ they were fashioned out of any
suitable material, including agate or other silicious rock.

Frederick Smith,

Rector of St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Glasgow,
Sometime Science Master, Dollar Institution, N.B.

Since the above note was printed, I have seen the new work by Mr.
Worthington G. Smith, Man the Primeval Savage. I have noted with great
interest many things in it which tally with Mr. F. Smith's views. I feel it
will interest my readers to quote part of a striking description of the
makers and users of palaeolithic weapons. I only regret the whole chapter
is too long. * At the time when the earliest known race of men approached
what is now Great Britain, the climate was probably not unlike the climate
of to-day, varying only in its more equable, genial, and continental
character. Britain formed part of the Continent, and much of the ground
now under the sea was then dry land, the high and cold positions to the
North of England, judging by the absence of stone weapons and tools,
were seldom reached by the primeval savage.* As a rule primeval man
kept near to the margins of the wide and shallow rivers and brooks of the
South; sometimes he lived on moderate elevations.' After describing the
general nature of the flora at this period, he speaks of the fauna, and
includes the hippopotamus, mammoth, elephant, rhinoceros, lion, wild
cat, bear, hyena, bison, and wild horse : he proceeds, * The interest in all
other animals completely palls before the presence of man himself,' and
then follows a most forcible picture of the probable appearance and habits
of this past race. Ed.

565. Good Friday called Peace Friday in Orkney. — Though I
have not received any direct reply to the Query about * Peace Tuesday,'
the following extract from a letter from Lady Balfour of Burleigh shows
that * Peace Friday ' is a phrase still in use. * Last year a friend of
mine, who is a native of Orkney, in course of conversation told me of
her great pleasure in returning, after an absence of many years, to her
distant island. She added that she had arrived on ** Peace Friday," and
that the custom is for the inhabitants of the Orkneys to exchange eggs
on that day. Not one egg (as in England) is given, but apparently large
numbers at once. These gifts are called " Peace eggs," in commemora-
tion of the day. I was the more struck by what my informant said, as
she is a Free Church woman, brought up in a Presbyterian family.'
Perhaps other readers will tell us of old customs and names which
still exist, and are connected with Pasch or Eastertide. Ed.

566. Old Rhyme: *We are Three Jews.' — A few weeks ago the
candidates of the S. G. F. S. in Clackmannan came to tea at Kennet.

Amongst the games which they played during their visit was the follow-
ing;— Three of the children advanced into the centre of the room singing —

• We are three Jews come out of Spain
To call upon your daughter Jane.

' Mr. F. Smith has, however, shown that such weapons do exist in Scotland, and thus
Mr. W. G. Smith's area must be extended. Ed.

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1 5 2 The Scottish Antiquary ;

. To which the others replied —

' My daughter Jane is fiur too young,
-She canna bear a flattering tongue.
My daughter Jane is far too young,
And you must go away alone.'

In The Caged Lion^ by Miss Yonge, this game is described as having
been played in the time of King Henry v. of England.

The speaker is a * Mistress Bolt,' who, at a feast supposed to have been
held during the reign of that monarch, is made to say as follows : —

* Well, fair sirs and sweet lady, though you be younger than I, you
have surely heard of the Black Death. Well named was it, for never was
pestilence more dire ; and venom was so strong, that the lips and eyelids
grew livid black, and then there was no hope. Little thought there was of
such disease, I trow, in the king's houses, and all the fair young lords and
ladies, the children of King Edward, as then was, were full of sport and
gamesomeness, as you see these dukes be now. And never a one was
bhther than the Lady Joan — she they called Joan of the Tower, being a
true Londoner bom — bless her ! My aunt Cis would talk by the hour of
her pretty ways and kindly mirth. But 'twas even as the children have
the game in the streets —

" There come three knights all out of Spain,
Are come to fetch your daughter Jane.*'

* 'Twas for the King of Castille, that same Peter for whom the Black
Prince of Wales fought, and of whom such gruesome tales were told. The
pretty princess might almost have had a boding what sort of husband they
had for her, for she begged and prayed, even on her knees, that her father
would leave her \ but her sisters were all espoused, and there was no help
for it' — Chap, v., pages 8i, 82. (Macmillan & Co., 1892.)

I am told this game is well known in Elgin, and I have also heard of
its being played in Berwickshire. Mary Bruce.

Kbnnbt.

567. Visit to London, 1687. — Amongst the account-books of Sir
John Foulis of Ravelston, which I am at present editing for the Scottish
History Society, is a small volume, apparently at one time a school-boy's
exercise-book. Some of the spare pages have been made use of to enter
an account of expenditure during a journey to and from London, and a
residence there. The money was laid out on behoof of *the laird,* and
the accountant seems to have been superior in rank and education to a
servant, and probably only entered such items of his own expenditure as
could properly be charged to his ward's account. I write ward, for I fancy
that * the laird ' was young and was paying his first visit to London. Who
he was can only be conjectured — if a member of Sir John Foulis's family,
which is almost certain, he might be George Primrose (Foulis), his eldest
surviving son, then nearly 21, and already Laird of Dunipace, having been
served heir to his elder brother who died under full age in 1684. In Sir
John's account-books he is more frequently styled the Laird of Dunipace
than * George.' The paymaster who kept the accounts may have been
his father's chaplain, who made himself generally useful. Unfortunately
there is an hiatus in Sir John's accounts extending from 23rd August
1 68 1 to 6th February 1689, but in March 1681, when Archibald, the eldest

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son^ who died 1684, was about 21 years of age, we find a pony was bought
for him to ride to London, and possibly one was afterwards provided for
George, who certainly travelled as his elder brother had done before him.
J. Foulis, Esq., M.D., Edinburgh, the owner of the Foulis papers, has
most kindly given me permission to print this interesting account in these
pages. I have omitted some frequent repetitions of ^ bread and beer,' etc,
which made the account needlessly long. I hope in next number to give
a few notes concerning commissions to be executed in London, which
are not without interest. It may be noted that on arriving in England
the money column is extended to four columns, though that allotted to
farthings is but rarely used. A. W. Cornelius Hallem.

Received from Craigaliard, 3 rex doUers and 3 leg doUers at lawder
Agust 29th, from the laird at Kelso ane leg doller, more from the laird at
uller haghe head,^ ane dewcat down and halfe ane leg doller. Mor fro
the laird ther, 20 guinies.

Impr. given out at lauder for dyet and horse ane night
Agust 29 . . . . ' . 08 01 g6

Mone left to ye servants yr. .

It. at Kelso for ane pynt of wine and 2 pynts of ale

It. ther for ane iron band to the Cloaghbag saidle

It. for ane pound of tobaco, ....

It. for halfe ane peck of Corne yr. .

It. for hay ......

It. at Newton e for beer and brandy
It. to the laird to give Robestone halfe a leg doller
Aug. 30 At Uller hach head for the lairds pairt of the dyet

bill

It. for the 3 horses a night ....

It. to the maid and hostrer ....

It. at Morpit^ for nailes and some shos and mending
ane brydel . . . . . . 00 02 00

It. to the poor folks . . . 00 02 00

It. at Newcastle for 2 new shos to the black horse and
3 removes to the gray horse, i Sept.
Sept. 2 at darntoun* to give the barber . . 00 06 00

It. to the laird ane sixpens at ye gait . . 00 06 00^

3 at York to roger to buy an horse sheet . 02 08 00

It. to himselfe to tack him hom, 16 shil.
It. to the laird 5 guinies, of qch he gave 20 shill in arls.
the Coach to Cockpen for the lairds pairt of the
expenses he hed led out on the rod . . . 01 19 00

S at York for the lairds pairt of the dyet from Satur-
day till Munday, 8 shill, 6 pense
It for the 2 horses went hom . ' . . 00 02 00

It. for the punie 2 nights . . 00 03 06

It to the hostler and house . . . 00 04 00

It. ferrebridge^ for 2 new showes and ane remove to
pounie • . . . . . 00 00 10

^ I cannot identify this place ; it is called Unter-hauchhead later on.
' Morpeth. ' Darlington.

^ Sixpence English, about six shillings Scots. * Ferrybridge.

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154

The Scottish Antiquary :

It. to the horse and denner

at Duncaster for ane dossen of nightcaps

It. for ane paire of stockings .

It. for super and the horse

It at Tucksford^ for denner

It. for the pounie

at Newwork* for supper and the horse .

It at Granton^ for denner and the horss

at Stamfoord for supper and the horss .

It. for horss hyre

It for dressing the pounies foot

It huntingtoun for denner

It. for the horss

at Cambridge for the horses

It for myselfe .

at Barley for the horses

It. for myselfe

It. at hadstath* for the horss

It for myselfe .

It is to be remembered the laird cam to London on

Saturday the 10 of Sept 1687.
Impr. for ane quart of beer at Mr. Monroes, 10 Sept.
It in his chamber for ane pot of beer and an roll
It. for a faggot .
It. for paper
for rost beef to denner
It. for beer
It for bread
It at night for beer
It for bread
It for an aple tairt
for 3 yards & ane half of black cloath
It. for 6 yards & ane half of rataine at 7 sh. 6 pen. per

yard, and 3 yards and ane halfe of black taifetie .
It for 2 potts of beer .
It. for bread ....
received from Mr. James foules 30 lib. ster.
It. for ane muming hat string .
It. for ane paire of gloves
It. to the laird at the george and vulter tavern
It for my own denner .
It. for the pounie 2 nights in the Citty
It. to a man for brong the Cloaghbag to the new lodging
for ane plaine muslein Carvat
It for a sword blackmounted
for half a dossen tobaco pups
It. for a Carolina hat and dressing the lairds bever
It keeped off by Mr. foules for 18 guinies in 30 lib. .
It. for the ponny 3 nights in the mewes and half a

peck of oats .....

^ Tuxford. 2 Newark-on-Trent.

^ Grantham. * Hoddcsdon.

00 01

00 10

00 03

00 02

00 00

00 03

00 19

00 00

00 01

00 00

00 02

00 01

00 OT

00 01

GO 01

00 00

00 01

00 00

02 19

02 16 08

00 00

00 02

00 10

00 00

00 02

00 00

00 02

00 08

00 00

10 0

00 II

00 0

00 01

06 0

00 01

10 0

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It. for the laird in his chamber

It. for a link ......

It for ane botle of, mum wt. Mr. Marr and Major War-
drom.

16 for 2 pair of shoes ...
It. for wax taper for lighting of tobaco pyps
It. to the laird at the swan tavern in fish street 2 guinies

— ^which I got back at night
It. for ane pair of black si{k stockings .
It. for 2 plain muslen carvats ....

1 7 for dressing the lairds watch . .
It. for 2 tankards of ale and bread

18 to Bayly Brand to tack to france

19 for ane pynt of wine and ane roll wt. Mr. Mar .
It. for ane link .....

20 for 2 botles of wine wt. Mr. Marr, Major Wardrom,

and Mr. Maxwell « . . . .

It. for fruit ......

It. to Sandy Bryson
for pyps

21 to Mrs. de peer for 2 nights at her house.
It. for paper, pens, and ink .
to the laird in sandy pryds 25 shil. and ane guinie

2 2 for ane botle of wine with Major Wardrom and B. Brand

23 It to the laird qn. he went to Windsor 3 guinies and

21 shil. 6d. money ....

It. for washing .....

24 for ane pair of lether bags ....
It for chamber maill 2 weeks .
It. for candles and fire the tym

25 for a littl manwelP .....
It for coach hyre betwixt London and Windsor
It for a link . . .

26 for ane botle of wine wt abbot fieming and Mr. constable

27 to Sandy Bryson . , . ...
It for my own dyet from ye 2 1 to the 2 7
It for tobaco pyps .....

28 for ane botle of wine wt abbot fleeming and Mr. Con-

stable ......

It. to ane link qch. the landlady had given out

29 for 2 potts of ale and a roll ....

30 for ane quart of mum wt. Mr. Stennis and Major War-

drum ......

It. for ane weeks lodging at Windsor .
• It for 3 faggots the tym ....

It to the maid of the house ....

It. for carieing the bagag from the coach to the lodging
Oct. I, to the laird in the morning ....

It. to Mr. falconer, a guinie ....

It for brandy.

It for paper . * . . . . 00 00 02 o

. ^ Manual.

06 06

03 04

.00

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156

The Scottish Antiquary ;

It. for tobaco pyps

for ane pair of shoes

It. for bread and drink at night

It. for ane periewig 3 guinies and a halfe

for an soap ball

It. for muslein 2 cravats

It. for holland for an shirt 4 yards and a quarter

It. for half an ell of coarss muslein.

for rost beef to denner .....

It. for peper and vinagar ....

It for brandy .....

for boyled beef and turneips to denner

It. for ane yard and half a quarter of fyne holland for

sleives . . . . .

for ane glass to a puir of spect . . • .

for ane bever hat . . • .

It. for making an shirt and pair of sleives and 2 cravats

and mending stockings and linnens
It. to the laird in his chamber five guinies
for ane pair of shoes .....

It. for ane peirewig box ....

It. for ane peirewig 2 guinies . . .

for washing and dressing ....

It. for pattridg for denner ....

It. for rost beef . . . ; .

It. for ane pynt of wine ....

for ane keg of paradise ....

It for ane quarter of pound of tobaco . .

It for brandy ......

for 3 pair of little cuffes ....

It for ane weeks lodging in Sussex Str.
It. for an coach to bring ye baggadge. .
It for faggots and candle ....

It for ane botle of wine wt. Mr. Menzies, Major Wardrom

and Mr. Max
It for ane bottle of mum
It for cold beef for super
for 18 faggots .
It. to the laird in the morning ,
It. for tobacco pyps
It to sandy to pay for a coach for ye laird at night
It for 2 botles of wine wt. Mr. Constable and Mr. Mar
for ane quarter of pound of tobaco
for ane dossen of faggots ....

It. for ane pynt of mum wt. Mr. Marr .
It for hereing and soil flucks to denner
It. for ane botle of win at night wt. Mr. Mar .
for ane pynt of mum and bread in the morning wt Mr.

Mar ......

for ane pair of shoes and stockings

for bread and drink in the morning wt. Mr. Marr

It for an tankard of ale afternoon

00 00 02
00 04 06
00 00 06

0
0
0

03 15 03

00 00 02

0
0

00 03 00
00 16 10

00 01 02

00 00 00

00 00 03

00 01 00

0
0

00 05 06
00 00 06

0
0

02 10 00

00 04 00

OS 07 06
00 04 00
00 06 00

0
0
0
0

02 03 00
00 02 00
00 00 06

0
0
0

00 00 10

00 00 06

00 03 00
00 00 06

0
0

00 00 03
00 01 00

0
0

00 13 00

00 01 00
00 02 06

0
0

00 10 00
00 00 06
00 00 08
00 01 06

0
0
0
0

00 01 00

00 00 02

00 01 00

00 02 04
00 00 06

0
0

00 01 00

00 00 04*
00 02 06

00 01 02

00 00 05
00 08 00

0
0

00 00 03
00 00 02

0
0

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157

29
31

Nov.

It. for tobaco pyps

for 2 dossen of faggots

It to Mr. Monro taylor

It for washing and dressing

It. for 2 pound and a half of tobaco .

for 4 botles of wine wt Collonel Wauchop, Major

Wardrom, Mr. Marr, and Mr. Constable .
for 2 pair of worset stockings and an pair of silk
It for 2 pair of do. gloves and a hat strink and a cravat

string ....
for 2 pair of sleev buttons
It. for pottaige and boyled beef for denner
for 9 yards of cambet .
It. for 8 yards of rattain
It for 3 yards of plush
It. for eye sav .
for cutletts for denner .
It for 4 fresh eggs

It for salt fish and hereings for denner
It for cheese at denner
to the laird in his chamber 2 guinies .
It. for ane tairt at night wt Mr. Mar .
It. for postage of a letter
for cutlets to denner .
It for 4 horn combs •
It to Mr. foules for chaing of 20 guinies
It. for ane tairt

I, to Balcarres to pay for a marble chimney
It to a coachman brought the laird from ye citty
It for ane pair of boots wt. spurres and fill boots
It for an coat to Gairltons son
for ane tortishel comb .
It. for 2 horn combs .
It. washing ane silver handle sword
for 4 pair of spectickles wt. 2 caises .
It. for ane litle glas botle wt. ane silver head
It. for coach hyr to ye citty
for earnest of 2 places in the york stage coach
It 3 hats for the bairns
It for ane gill of brunt brandy wt. Mr. Marr
to the loune after dinner
It for pottaige and boyled beef to dinner wt. Mr. Marr
It. for ane pullet
for 2 floured cravats .
It. for ane snuff napkin
It. for 2 flannen westcots
for an map and cord to wrap about the trunk
It 24 pound weight of wheit wax lights at 2 id. a pound
It. for a box to hold them
It for 3 pound and a half of small yellow wax at i6d.
It for 3 iron graites . , . .

It to the perfumers

*oo

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158

The Scottish Antiquary ;

It. for an silk nepkin .
1 2 for kairting and unkairting the trunk

It. for 2 pair of laced shoes
14 It. for pouder and shott
20 at Tedcaster for supper

It. to the mare and hostler

It. for postand betwixt Tedcaster and Borrobridge

to the post-boy 4d. to give the porter and a shilling
himself ......

It. at Borrowbridge half a pynt (rf seek, bread and ale

It. for postand betwixt Burrobridge and Northalertown

It. to the post-boy

for the black meir at Northallerton

It. for ane saidle

It. for^yet night befor cleverhous cam up

It. for 2 flagons of ale belo

It. for ane flaggon above wt Robeson the queker

It. for a fyre in ye rorae befor the rest cam up

It. for a pair of maill girds

It. small cords for ye clock bag

It for the meir a night

It. to the hostler

It. to the boot catcher .

23 at Richmond for a hunting saidle mount* wt. bridle and

lapps to the black saidle

24 Darntown^ for a clock bag saidle wt. hulsterts cruper

and tee stirrops and maill pillion
It. for the bey geld in 10 guinies

25 Durham for ye 2 horses
It. for ane wheip
It. to the lady Clevers for lace .
Newcastle for a saidle wt» furniture
It. for a pound of tobaco
to the laird . • .
for canvas to wrap the saidles .

28 Morpit for the horses 2 nights .

29 at Unterhauchhead for the horses
It. to the guyd to yettam^
It. at yettam payed for Johnstoiv
It. for roger ....
It. for a pair of shoes to John Johnston
It. at lauder the bill
It. Kelso 2 nights roger and the horses
It. payed for meat and drink when the laird was ther
It. for hey to ye 5 horses

It. given to a waitter to give Roberton's groom

00 01 08
00 00 06
00 07 00
00 00 06
00 03 00
00 01 00
00 09 04

GO 01 04
00 01 00
00 09 04
00 01 00
10 00 00
00 II 08
00 06 00
00 00 06
00 00 03
00 00 04
00 00 01
00 00 02
00 01 00
00 00 06
00 00 04

00 17 00

01 00 00
10 15 00
00 02 04
00 02 00
00 04 08

02 07 00
00 02 00
00 10 00
00 00 10
00 05 04
00 01 08
00 00 06
00 01 04
00 01 06
00 02 00
00 18 04
00 07 06
00 05 00
00 00 05
00 02 06

568. The Haunted Tower, St. Andrews. — The following interest-
ing note by one of the contributors to the Scottish Antiquary appeared in
the St, Andrews Citizen : —

The various accounts of discoveries made from time to time in this
^ Darlington. ' Yetholnu

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or. Northern Notes and Queries. 1 59

Tower, which have recently appeared in the public prints, when divested
of those elements of superstition and mystery which tradition and popular
fancy delight in, will leave yet a residuum of fact upon which to found a
fair amount of theory as to the occupants of the Haunted Tower.

There is no room for doubt that this Tower was explored in 1868, and
that at that time several coffins containing bodies in a fair state of pre-
servation, and presenting other peculiar features of interest, were seen by
the explorers. From these revelations very interesting questions are raised
as to the age of the interments.

The Abbey wall is stated by Mr. Hay Fleming in his Guide to St. Andrews
to have been erected by Prior John Hepburn early in the i6th century. I
presume there is undoubted evidence of this statement. Corroborative
proof that it cannot claim, in the upper part at least, a greater, if indeed so
greats an antiquity, is to be found in the niches with which its many towers
are ornamented. The stones which compose some of these niches have
done previous service in some ecclesiastical building, and they have been
so utilised by masons who either did not know or did not study the
component part of a niche, since some of the stones have been inverted
and capitals of pillars have been made to do duty as corbels. The two
niches in the north wall of the Haunted Tower itself furnish the best
illustration of this, and between these two niches there is a row of mulUons
inserted as common rubble. If, then, the Abbey wall cannot claim to be
older than the beginning of the i6th century, I think there are good
grounds for believing the interments to be far older than the vault in
which they were found in 1868.

I base this conclusion on several considerations. These are derived
from features brought out in the information which has been published.
These are, first, that * some of the coffins were of oak, and some of them
had been ridge-topped ' ; second, the evidences of embalming and of vest-
ments ; and third, the appearance of ' wax-cloth.' In order that the signi-
ficance of these features may be realised in a question affecting the age of
the interments, it may be well to review the evidences afforded by history.
Examples of ridge-topped coffins in stone have been ascribed to the fifth
century. The earliest forms were probably those curious mound-shaped
examples, something like a boat laid keel uppermost, of which class there
are late examples at Meigle and Brechin. This shape was probably an
imitation of the primitive monumental cairn, as doubtless the stiU more
modem grassy mound, so common yet in some country churchyards, is
a survival of the same fashion. By-and-by the mound or boat form
gave way to the roof or ridge-topped form, and there is reason for believ-
ing that even inside of churches coffin-lids to stand above the floor and
mounds of earth were common in very early times. In Cutts' Manual, p.
16, it is stated that in one of the laws made in the reign of King ^thelred,
A.D. 994, to regulate burials in churches, it is provided * Where mounds
appear, let them either be buried deeper in the ground ... or let them be
brought to a level with the pavement of the church, so that no mounds
appear there.' The coped coffin-lid, however, held its own against all
law, and in the thirteenth century was very common. It was now highly
ornamented, and by the fourteenth century was frequently elevated on a
base, and so led up to the magnificent altar-tombs of a later age.
About the Reformation, and probably before this, the ridged stone coffin
had disappeared, but the fashion was continued in the ridged monumental

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1 60 Tht Scottish Antiquary ;

slab made in the form of the ridged coffin-lid, which until well on in the
seventeenth century held its own in our burying-grounds. The wood
coffin has a different history. Coffins of oak are as old as the Bronze
Age in Britain ; but the ridged or coped oaken lid doubtless came in when
stone coffins were placed on or near the surface, so that the lid would
be above the ground, that when the bodies of saints were embalmed their
relics might be seen. The difficulty of lifting a stone lid would doubtless
suggest the employment of a less weighty material, and oak, which from
its durability would be almost as lasting as stone, offered a ready and
lighter substitute. Richly carved, and ornamented with the precious
metals and jewels, such a lid formed a fitting covering, easily removed to
exhibit to the faithful the precious relics enshrined within. When the
Reformation led to a change in the reverence for relics, this use of coped
lids for wood coffins would cease ; moreover, it was frequently only after
the lapse of years from the death of a beatified or canonised person that
their relics were enshrined. It is therefore unlikely that the first half of
the sixteenth century would add many examples of such shrines.

The evidences of embalming seem indubitable. The bodies, it is said,
could be lifted up and ' set on end.' They presented more or less the
appearance of mummies. Some of them were arrayed in vestments.
The process of embalming in Christian times was usually performed on
the bodies of saints, that their relics might be exhibited. It was in these
times seldom performed on any but the most exalted in rank or piety.

Another indication of age is the ' wax-cloth ' which Mr. Smith stated
was seen in some of the coffins. This was doubtless the ' cere-cloth,' a
cloth prepared with wax, and used as a winding-sheet. It is of great
antiquity, and seems to have been almost universally used by civilised
nations in ancient times. It was occasionally used in the century which
preceded the Reformation, as in the instance of Archbishop Dunbar, who
died in 1547, and was buried in the chancel of Glasgow Cathedral, whose
tomb was opened in 1855, and adhering to parts of the skeleton were
pieces of waxed cere-cloth.

All of these peculiarities of interment are indicative of ancient modes
of burial, which, although possibly still occasionally represented in rare
instances in the sixteenth century, render it unlikely that so many instances
of these different practices would be brought together in one set of inter-
ments. Moreover, we have the evidence as to the condition of the oak
coffins, which are said to have been more decayed than the fir ones, thus
pointing to great age.

A consideration of these circumstances seems to render it impossible
to attribute the interments to any part of the sixteenth century — that to
account for the aggregation of so many bodies exhibiting the age-peculiari-
ties referred to above, some other explanation must be forthcoming than
the supposition of ordinary interment, and an interment, be it remembered,
in the second story of a tower I These circumstances raise a problem
incapable of solution on the supposition of a sixteenth-century interment.

The explanation I venture to give — and which, I submit, meets all the
difficulties— is that these bodies were those of saints preserved in the
Cathedral of St. Andrews, and possibly in other ecclesiastical edifices in
the city, which relics were hurriedly and secretly removed to this Tower as
at once the nearest and safest repository when the sack of the churches
took place in 1559. Who shall say what sacred relics may have been

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i6i

enclosed in this secret vault, so rudely broken in upon and so sacrilegiously
handled — perhaps those of the Patron Saint of Scotland, perhaps of the
Pictish Princess Muren, the first, according to the legend of St. Andrew, to
be buried at Kylrimont, and perhaps of the early founders of the Christian
settlement there? The relics of St. Andrew, which are supposed to have
consisted of one or two bones, would doubtless be enclosed in a reliquary,
and may have been buried or otherwise secreted by themselves in the floor
or walls of the Tower. The bodies of the other personages supposed, being
of local distinction, may have been preserved whole and not subjected to
subdivision as was the case with the more noted Scottish Saints.

The removal would probably leak out in some fashion, possibly when
the mural monument of 1609 was inserted, and so account for the reputa-
tion of the Tower being haunted — a reputation which existed long before
the interments were known of by the present generation. I would suggest
that a careful examination be now made by experienced observers of what
yet remains of the coffins, etc., to see how far this theory is supported
thereby. A. Hutcheson.

Broughty Ferry.

569. Ancient Tombstone from the Howff (from Dundee Ad-
vertiser^ Sept. 23, 1893). — When the workmen were engaged in the

Mil

restoration of the Wedderburn monuments in the Howff" they came
upon the fragment of the old tombstone shown in our sketch.^ It has
apparently been one side of the sloping top of a sarcophagus monu-
ment. The heraldic shield shows the arms of Auchinleck of Woodhill,
as distinguished from those of Auchinleck of that Ilk and Auchinleck
of Balmanno. The position of this shield at the (heraldic) left side of
the stone suggests that it has been the cognisance of a married lady,
and as it was found in the burying-place belonging to the Wedder-
biurns, it has been concluded that the lady was married to one of that
family. A search in the Wedderburn genealogy has shown that Barbara
Auchinleck was married about 1 616 to Alexander Wedderburn, merchant,
who was Bailie and Dean of Guild repeatedly from 1613 to 1626. He
was nearly related to the Wedderburns of Kingennie and Blackness, while
his wife was the daughter, probably, of James Auchinleck of Woodhill,

* We have kindly been allowed by the Dundee Advertiser the use of the block.
VOL. VIII. — NO. XXXII.

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1 62 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Provost of Dundee in 1593, and sister of William Auchinleck, who was
Provost continuously from 161 4 till 1625. A comparison of the letter-
ing of this stone with that found on other Howff monuments proves
that it belongs to the first half of the 17th century. Previous to that
time the lettering was mostly in floriated Gothic character, the plain
raised letter being introduced about 1600, and giving place to the
incised letter about 1650. This Auchinleck stone has a literary as well as
heraldic value. The passage of Scripture will be at once recognised as
that beginning — *I know that my Redeemer liveth' (Job xix. 25-27); but
in this case the English Authorised Version has not been quoted. The
existing fragment of the stone measures 4 feet 3 inches by 2 feet, and
when complete it would be at least 6 feet long. Supposing that the
husband's shield were at the right (heraldic) side, the remaining space
would exactly leave room for the passage as it is found in the Bishops'
Bible of 1572, which is as follows: — *For I am sure that my Redemer
liveth and He sal rayse up at the leter day thame that ly in the dvst.
And thocht efter my skin the vermes destroy this body yet sal I sie God
in my fleashe whom I myself sal sie and my eies sal beholde and none
other for me thocht my reynes are consvmed vthin ma Job 19 chaptor,
25, 26, and 27 versis.' The only difference here from the printed version
is the Scottish form of the word * though.' It is worthy of notice that the
passage in the Bishops* Bible differs considerably both from the Genevan
translation printed at Edinburgh by Alexander Arbuthnot in 1579 and
from the Authorised Version of 161 1. This very interesting stone has
been presented to the Dundee Museum by Mr. Henry Scrymgeour-
Wedderburn of Wedderbum and Birkhill.

570. The Groat Tombstone (viii. 51). — A correspondent writes:
' When lately in Caithness I was told that the local antiquary who interested
himself in this stone took the rdle of " Old Mortality," and with hammer
and chisel deepened the lettering, and where lettering was illegible, supplied
the blank with, I fear, more zeal than knowledge. It may be well to make
a note that too much trust cannot be placed on the stone now ; a photo
was taken of it before it was improved. Your illustration is from the
modernised stone. I feel sure Dr. Cramond will gladly give his advice
and opinion, and, if a photo exists of the untouched-up stone, perhaps
kindly allow your readers to compare its two states.' D. W. K.

571. Inventory and Last Will of Sir John Lyell, Vicar of
Abernethy, 1544. — The following is a translation of the Latin of the
Inventory of the goods, and Last Will, of Sir John Lyell, Vicar of Aber-
nethy, in the county of Perth, as the same is recorded in the Books of
the Commissariot of Dunblane under date the month of May 1544.

Inventory of all the goods of Sir John Lyell, Vicar of Abernethie,
made at his place of abode, the 29th day of May, in the year of our Lord
1544: Item, In the first place, he acknowledges that he has in his
possession 25 light crowns \ Item, Two gold crowns of just weight \ '31
auld Inglis grotis^ anehalfgrot^ ane Strivling peny^' \sic\ : Item, In a scrip,
4 pounds: Item, one cup of silver of the value of 16 shillings: Item, 4
robes, the value of all, 13-6-8 : Item, Linen of the value of 20 merks:
Item, One bullock of the value of 4 merks: Item, 16 bolls of barley,
price of the boll 22 shillings: Item, 15 bolls of oats, price of the boll 13s.
4d. : Sum of the inventory is four score and nine pounds, ten shillings,

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ar^ Northern Notes and Queries. 163

and eightpence: Debts due to him^ His clerical fee 8.13.4: Item,
Andrew Dron, for a pure debt, [a debt unconditional] 3 pounds, 6 shil-
lings : Item, John Clark, also for a pure debt, 3 bolls of malt, amounting
to the value of 4 pounds : Item, John Scott for malt 20 shillings : Item,
The Lady of Balmano [an estate in the conterminous parish of Dron],
22 shillings: Item, Sir Robert Cristie [one of the Choristers in the
Collegiate Church of Abernethy] 28 shillings and eight pence: Item,
William Chisom [one of the prebendaries of the said Collegiate Church]
for fee for service 50 merks : Item, Mr. William Schaw [Provost of the
said Church], for service in the Collegiate Church of Abernethie, 5 pounds :
Item, The wife of William Geddes, 40 shillings : Item, John Walker, 3
bolls of barley, price of the boll 20s. : The sum of the debts due to him is 32
pounds : The sum of the Inventory, with debts aforesaid, is six score and
one pounds, ten shillings, and eight pence : Debts due to others : First, to
Euphemia Wemis for corn tithes, 20 merks ; for the rent of land, 3 bolls
of malt, price 22 shillings : also to George Anderson [one of the Bailies of
Abernethy] for a marriage contracted and solemnized with Catherine
Lyell, the daughter of my brother [Michael Lyell], 20 merks : Sum of the
debts is 29 pounds i6 shillings and eightpence, [Follows the Will.]
I, Sir John Lyell, Vicar of Abernethie, seeing that nothing is more certain
than death, etc., etc. : Item, To the priests, and clerks on the day of my
burial, 9 pounds : Item, to the priests in the Collegiate Church of Aber-
nethie, to pray for my soul at the high altar for the space of one year, 10
pounds : Item, to Sir Robert Cristie, 5 merks : Item, to Sir John Pettar,
10 shiUings : Also I constitute Michael Lyell, my brother german, and Sir
David Lyell, chaplain, his son, my executors and sole intromitters with
my goods, that they may dispose of them for the weal of my soul.

Note. — On i8th May 1545, Mrs. Anderson, the daughter of Michael
Lyell, supra^ had seisin of 9 acres of land lying within the burgh and
barony of Regality of Abernethy, with tenements, etc., from James Clark,
one of the bailies thereof, on the resignation of her husband above-
mentioned Michael Lyell had another daughter, Mariotae, who, on 26th
February 1550, was betrothed, by marriage contract of that date, to
James Lessal, son of John (or Thomas) Lessal in Pitlour (near Strath-
miglo). The contract is expressed with commendable brevity, as follows :
— 'That is to say, the said James sal mary the said Mariotae in al guidly
haist ; for the qlk the said Michael [Lyell] sal pay to the said Thomas
[Lessal] xl lib. the morn efter they be mareit, and xl merkis at Mertimas
in anno fifty ane : and the said Thomas sal put them in the shaddo half [the
north half] of Pitlour for v yeir takis : in the qlk the said Thomas sal
saw x bolls quheit, xii boll beir, and xl boll aittis to them at their entres
(entry), and sal haue the hail crop, and the teind, for the payment eftir
the tenor of the lettir of tak ; and the said John sal deliuer at Michilmes
next to cum aucht oxin, ii hors and xxx yovis [ewes], and ten outcum
sheip [sheep with lamb] to thaim, ii forow ky [cows not giving milk], and
ane kow to the toyl. Jas. Ronaldson Lyell.

572. Macdonell of Barrisdale, in the Parish of Glenelg. —
I. Archibald Macdonell of Barrisdale, fifth son of Ranald Macdonell
of Glengarry, was present at the battle of Killiecrankie in 1689 and was
alive in 1736. He does not appear to have had any written title to Barris-
dale, as none is recorded in Register of Sasines, He was father of

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164 T^^ Scottish Antiquary ;

2. Coll Macdonell of Barrisdale, who, as eldest son of Archibald Mac-
donell of Barrisdale, had three charters from his kinsman, John Macdonell
of Glengarry, in 1729, of the lands of Kytries, Cullachies, Inverguseran, and
others. In the rising of 1 745 he was appointed a colonel of the Glengarry
Regiment, and served throughout the Rebellion. He was not, however,
present at Culloden. He was afterwards apprehended and imprisoned in
Edinburgh Castle, where he died on ist June 1750. He married (first)
Helen, daughter of George Mackenzie of Bellamuckie, and had issue (i)
Archibald, his heir. He married (second), contract dated at Cullachie
14th August 1736, Mary, eldest daughter of the deceased Roderick
Mackenzie of Fairburn, and had issue an only son, Coll, who was served
heir of provision to his father on 17th January 1757, and died within the
parish of Glenelg before 19th January 1769, when John Steven, writer in
Edinburgh, was decerned executor dative qua creditor to him. In the
testament he is designed as of *■ Barrisdale.'

3. Archibald Macdonell of Barrisdale, born 25th December 1725,
accompanied his father in the Rebellion of 1745, and was attainted by the
Act of Parliament 1 746. He was carried off to France along with his
father by a body of Camerons, and kept in prison at St. Malo, and after-
wards at Saumeur, but, making his escape, he returned to Scotland, where
he was apprehended, tried, and sentenced to death on 22nd March 1754.
The sentence was not carried out, he obtaining a reprieve. He afterwards
received a commission as lieutenant in the 105th Regiment, and died at
Barrisdale on 19th September 1787. He married, while in hiding in
1746, Flora, daughter of Norman Macleod of Drynoch. She died at
Achtertyre, Lochalsh, February 1815, and had issue (i) Coll, his heir;
(2) Catherine, married Mr. Robertson, a Glasgow merchant, and had issue
General Robertson and a daughter ; (3) Flora, married Donald Macleod
of Ratagan.

4. Coll Macdonell of Barrisdale succeeded his father. He married
Helen (? Duncan), and had issue (i) Archibald, last of Barrisdale, who died
about 1864, unmarried; (2) William, in the East India Company's service,
died abroad, unmarried ; and (3) Christian, next mentioned.

5. Christian Macdonell, only daughter, married, on 29th January 18 18,
Major-General Sir Alexander Cameron of Inverailort, K..C.B., Colonel
95th Regiment. He was born in 1778, and died 26th June 1850. They
had issue —

f i^ Duncan. See No. 6.

(2) Colin William, bom 1823, died 1840.
Arthur WeUington, Colonel 92nd Highlanders, bom 1827.
Helen Cameron, died 1839.
Jane Cameron.

6. Duncan Cameron of Inverailort, born 28th May 181 9, died 26th
June 1874, married (first), 1849, Louisa Campbell, daughter of George
Mackay of Bighouse, and (second), 1857, Alexa Marion Macleod, second
daughter of Thomas Gillespie, Ardachy, and had issue by first marriage —

(i) Louisa Campbell Christian Cameron, died in infancy.
Issue by second marriage —

(2^ Christian. See No. 7.

(3) Frances Alexandra.

7. Christian Helen Jane Cameron of Inverailort, married, 8th Septem-
ber 1888, James Head, son of Sir Francis Somerville Head, Bart.

Carrick Pursuivant.

(4)
(5)

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573. The Fordoun Tombstone. — The stone of which a representa-
tion is here given was discovered a few years ago when making repairs on
S. Palladius Chapel, Fordoun. The stone was found reversed and doing
duty as a h'ntel to a disused doorway. It is 4 ft. 10 in. high, and i ft. 10 in.

broad, and of red sandstone. It is much ruder in execution than stones
somewhat similar in appearance and shape to be seen at Finhaven and
Arbuthnot. The latter is figured by Jervise, ii. 201, who conjectures that
it may date from the time of Sir Hew Arbuthnot, c, 1282. Another stone

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of like character is at the Church of Kingoldrum (P. Chalmers' Sculptured
Monuments of Angus), This Fordoun stone or coffin slab was probably
removed a considerable time ago from the old Parish Church.

W. Cramond.

574. Stirling and Murray Families (viii. 109). — A Correction.—
I regret to find that my note on the Stirling and Murray families, No. 550,
Scottish Antiquary for January last, contained two inaccuracies, due to its
having been written at a distance from books of reference. I should be
glad to be allowed to correct them.

Sir Robert Montgomerie of Skelmorlie succeeded as 5 th Baronet in
1694, many years before he married Frances Stirling. {Memorials of t?te
Montgomeries, vol. i. p. 165.)

The Walter Murray who sold Halmyre was the son of Walter Murray
who became possessed of that property jure mariti by marriage with the
heiress, Sophia Johnstoun. (Chambers's Peeblesshire^ p. 495.) R. E. B.

575. A Tinker Desperado of Seventeenth-Century Scotland.
— The following extract from the Records of Justiciary at Edinburgh
(made by permission of G. L. Crole, Esq., Clerk of Justiciary) is of much
interest, testifying as it does to the fierce and lawless nature of the
* tinklers ' and gypsies of Scotland during the seventeenth century. It is
a fact not generally recognised, that the reason why the * sorners,* * tinklers,'
and gypsies of that period were enabled to become so notorious as * master-
fidl heggBXSf' and * oppressors,' was that they were armed men; whereas
the country-people upon whom they *sorned,' were practically quite
defenceless. For example, in the trial of a celebrated Scottish gypsy,
William Baillie, in 1699, it came out that while he was furiously attacking
a certain countryman with his drawn sword, the latter * was defending him-
self the best he could with a rung,' or cudgel. This is a single
instance, but it typefies the whole situation. For many references could
be given showing that those gangs of idle desperadoes maintained their
otherwise untenable position by means of the weapons which they pos-
sessed ; whereas the rural population on whom they lived were unarmed,
or at least did not invariably use such weapons as they may have had.

It will be noticed that the man whose trial is recorded in the subjoineti
extract, is described as a 'tinkler,' and not as a gypsy or 'Egyptian.'
The two terms have so often been used interchangeably that one hardly
knows where to draw the line between them. Two notorious Scottish
gypsies, who were tried at Edinburgh in August 17155 described them-
selves as * brasiers,' a term which the authorities modified into ' pretended
brasiers.' And both 'brasier' and * tinkler ' have been repeatedly borne
by unmistakable gypsies. So that the ' William Scot, tinkler,' about to
be referred to, may have been at the same time a gypsy.

One notable feature of this trial is that it took place when Scotland
was governed by * My Lord Protector ' Cromwell, which explains the cir-
cumstance that the judges all bore English names. My attention has
been drawn to this detail by an authority in such matters, who adds that
the English influence during that period may easily be traced by the
execrable handwriting of the English scribes, which partially superseded
the more clerkly and more 'Continental' style that had previously
characterised Scottish manuscripts.

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The following is an exact copy of this ' tinkler ' trial, as it is given in
the Justiciary Records : —

* In the Justice court haldin within the Sessione Hous at Edinburgh

the saxt day of Junii 1654, be the honourabill Edward Mosley, Williame

Lawrance, and Henrie Goodem, Judges and commissioneris in criminal]

causses to the people in Scotland. The Court laufullie fencet.
« « « • #

' Intrans the same saxt of Junii 1654, Wm. Scot, Tinkler, prissoner,
Indyttit and accuised for that upone the twentie nyne .day of Apryle last,
under silence and cluid of nycht, betuix aucht and nyne houris at evin, He
being accumpaneid with Wm. Lyndsay and utheris, his assosiattis, all
armed with durkis, quhingeris, and utheris wappenes, invasive come to the
calsay end of Bigger, within the Sherefdome of Lanerk, quhair Alexander
Bailzie, now deceist, brother to Mathow Bailzie of Murhous, was in sober
and peaceable maner goeing with his brother to Culter, and thair, with
thair wappones foirsaidis, vpone premeditat malice, felloniouslie gave the
said Alexander Bailzie divers crewall and deadlie straikis in his rycht syd
throw his bodie to the effusione of his bluid in grit quantitie, off the
quhilkis woundis he languisched be the space of tuelff houris thaireftir, and
than deceissed of the samyn, off the quhilk crewall murder the said Wm.
Scot was the onlie actour airt and pairt, and for the quhilk he aucht to be
puneist.

* Persewer, Mathow Baillie of Murhous, brother germane to the deceist
Alexr. Baillie.

* Procuratour for the persewer, Mr. Peter Wedderburne.

* The pannell denyed the dittay above writtin to be of veritie, and did
plead not guiltie thairunto. Thaireftir the commissioneris referrit his
tryell to the knawlege of ane assyse and of the witnesses eftir following.

'Witnesses against Wm. Scott — Wm. Baillie in Lambingtoun, Ard.
Foulten thair, Thomas Baillie, sone to the-said Wm., and the said Mathow
Baillie, brother to the defunct, witnesses to the fact and quha saw the dead
comittit. Robert Blak in Coulter, Jon Braidfut thair, Jon Thomesone thair,
Andro Uilsone thair, Patrik Thripland thair, James Patoun thair, witnesses
to the pannellis confession.'

(The assize having retired after hearing the depositions of the
witnesses), *re-enterit agane in court, quhair they all in ane voce, be the
mouth of David Akinhead, chancellor, fand, pronuncet and declaired the
said Wm. Scot to be guiltie and culpable of the slauchter of the said Alexr.
Baillie, in maner contenit in his dittay.

* Thaireftir the commissioners, be the mouth of Patrik Barrie, dempster
of court, decemit and adjudged the said Wm. Scot, as fund guiltie of the
slauchter of Alexander Baillie, one Setterday nixt, the tent of this instant,
to be tane to the Castelhill of Edinburgh, and thair, betuix tuo and four
houris in the eftir none, to be hangit upone the gibbet quhill he be dead,
and his moveable goodis to be escheit to my lord protectours use.

* Also, it was ordanet that ane commissione sould be drawin favouris
of Mathow Baillie, for apprehending of the persones accessorie with Wm.
Scot of the slauchter of umquhile Alexr. Baillie his brother. And that law
borrows be direct at his instance against the saidis persones and thair
freindis, quhom the said Mathow dreadis bodelie harme.*

D. M*R.

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576. John Knox's Watch. — By the kindness of the proprietors of the
Evening Dispatch we are able to give our readers a representation of an
old watch recently exhibited at the Free Church Jubilee.

This curious and interesting relic of the celebrated reformer is the
property of the Free Church of Scotland's College in Aberdeen, to
which it was bequeathed, along with a valuable museum and extensive
library, by the late Alexander Thomson, Esq., of Banchory, at his death
in 1868. It had been long preserved in his family as an heirloom, and
the tradition was that it originally belonged to one of
Knox's daughters from whom they were descended.
In a lengthened note in M*Crie's Life of John Knox
(edition 1855, p. 408) their pedigree is recorded
thus: *John Knox, the celebrated Reformer, left
three daughters, one of whom was married to a Mr.
Baillie of the Jerviswood family,^ and by him had
a daughter, who was married to a Mr. Kirkton of
Edinburgh. By this marriage Mr. Kirkton had a
daughter Margaret, who was married to Dr. Andrew
Skene in Aberdeen. Dr. Skene left several children,
the eldest of whom. Dr. Andrew Skene, had by his
wife. Miss Lumsden of Cushnie, several sons and
daughters. One of these, Mary, was married to
Andrew Thomson of Banchory, who had issue by
her, Margaret, Andrew, and Alexander. Andrew
married Miss Hamilton, daughter of Dr. Hamilton
of Marischal College, Aberdeen, and by her had issue,
Alexander, born June 21, 1798, and present pro-
prietor of Banchory.'

The watch is said to have been presented to
Knox by Mary Queen of Scots, on the occasion of
one of her interviews with him, when she wished
to propitiate him and win his approval of some of her measures. It is of
French handiwork, and on the brass-plate of the inner case the words
* N, Forfaict d Paris ' are engraved. The late Sir John Leslie, Professor
of Mathematics in Edinburgh University, an expert in such subjects, after
carefully examining it, gave it as his opinion that the watch in question
migh/ have been the property of John Knox, and that the tradition in this
case was not improbable, though pocket watches were extremely rare at
that period, and probably confined for the most part to princes and the
more opulent nobility. Sir John says, that he had inspected another
antique watch, the property of a lineal descendant of a Frenchman of the
name of Massie, who, having come to Scotland with Queen Mary, had
received it from his mistress. It was a small round watch, scarcely ex-
ceeding an inch in diameter, and was made by a watchmaker of the
name of Hubert, in Rouen. This antique time-keeper was precisely of
the same structure, but without carving or other ornament, as the one with
which the artful Queen is said to have tried to bribe the stern Reformer.

R. P.

Dollar.

Dr. M*Crie suggests that she was more probably z, granddaughter.

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169

577. The Watch of Drummond of Hawthornden (from Evening
Dispatch^ Oct. 24, 1893). — In connection with the opening of the Drum-
mond of Hawthornden memorial
tablet, Mr. Robert Bryson, the well-
known Edinburgh clockmaker, has
shown us a very old watch which is
believed to have been worn by the
poet. The sketch indicates its size
and shape. ^ It is described in an
old note by Alexander Bryson,
printed in the Proceedings of the
Antiquarian Society of Scotland
(vol. iii.), as follows : * A melon-
shaped gilt watch made at Rouen
by David Du Chemin. It has no
balance spring, and has catgut in-
stead of a chain. It was long in
possession of the Drummonds of Hawthornden, and is believed to have
been the watch worn by the poet.*

578. Old Registers at Leith (viii. 125). — In my prefatory note to
the transcripts of the marriages at the Episcopal Church at Leith, I ex-
pressed a hope that I should be able to give a transcript of the Baptismal
Register. On further consideration I think that my readers would not
find so much satisfaction as in the marriages. The Baptisms registered
by Bishop Forbes are 883 in number. There is also a contemporary
register of Baptisms by his coadjutor, the Rev. William Law, which
contains even more entries. To every entry are appended names of
witnesses, and Bishop Forbes usually adds details which could not in all
cases be left out in a transcript It will be seen, then, that very many
pages of the Scottish Antiquary would be taken up with this work alone.
If the names found were likely to be of interest to men of letters or to
genealogists, I should not hesitate about printing the two registers ; but in
the great majority of cases the names are not of much interest. I dislike
printing extracts, for it often prevents a full transcript being afterwards
printed. I hope that the present Episcopal congregation at Leith will see
the propriety of having these registers printed in book form. I have
already spoken of the volume as being of great interest, for it contains not
only these registers, but lists of persons confirmed by Bishop Forbes, or
before his consecration presented by him for confirmation. The first entry
is * 24th June 1736 William Areskine, my countryman and schoolfellow.*
The period covered by the various entries is from 1735 ^^ '775/ ^ ^^i^^
not yet suggested to the Rector of St. James's, Leith, the advisability of
printing this work, the editing and transcribing of which I should be glad
to undertake myself. I have little doubt that if his approval is obtained,
it .would not only be subscribed for by Members of the congregation, but
that many of the readers of the Scottish Antiquary would also be glad to
possess the work. They could strengthen my hands by sending me a
postcard stating their willingness to take a copy at a. price not exceeding
2S. 6d. With a guarantee of outside support, I think those locally
interested would not hold back.

^ The block has been kindly lent us by the proprietor of the Evening Dispatch. — Ed.

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579. Brass Branch Lights in Churches (vol. viii. p. 62). — At
the end of last, and during the first quarter of the present century,
the churches of Greenock, in which evening service was conducted
on the Lord's Day, were generally lighted by tallow candles in brass
chandeliers, having projecting arms or branches in which sockets were
placed for the candles. These chandeliers were, in some instances,
suspended from the centre of the church by pulleys, and lowered
when being lighted; in other cases, they were fixtures and lighted
by rneans of a long rod with taper attached. The New or Middle
Parish Church, of which the Rev. Dr. John Adam was incumbent, was
lighted by one of those lowering chandeliers. In the year 1791, when
the incidents to be related occurred, the Gaelic-speaking population, then
increasing in number, having no place of worship of their own, applied to
Dr. Adam, who, being desirous of meeting their wishes, allowed the use
of the church to their preachers. This caused much dissatisfaction to the
regular day pew-holders, who complained that the book-boards. Bibles,
and psalm-books were smeared by the grease which dropped from the
candles, while the pews themselves were left in a dirty and untidy con-
dition. The minister paid no attention to these remonstrances, and the
pew-holders then appealed to the Magistrates and Town Council, the
principal patrons, representing the grievances of which they complained,
and pointing out that as the Gaelic preachers retained the evening collec-
tions, the poor of the parish, for whom they were intended, suffered much
hardship. At first the Magistrates allowed an extension of the privilege
for six months to allow time for the Gaelic population providing them-
selves with a church of their own ; but as the complaints still continued,
the Magistrates were themselves induced to take action. This they did
by formally protesting against Dr. Adam, who disregarded their threats,
and then they resolved to take the opinion of eminent counsel for their
guidance under the circumstances. The counsel ihey consulted was Mr.
Robert Blair, Advocate, afterwards Lord President of the Court of Session,
who gave it as his clear opinion that, as the minister held the keys of the
church, they had no title to interfere with him in the exercise of his un-
doubted rights. In the course of the following year a new Chapel of Ease
called the Gaelic Chapel was built, the Magistrates being among its prin-
cipal promoters. Dr. Adam died soon after, in the 74th year of his age,
and 42nd of his ministry. G. Williamson.

Greenock, 25M Dec, 1893.

580. Burial of an old Scots Guard. — Forbes-Leith in his most
interesting account of Scots Men-at-ArmSy mentions Robert Anstruther,
whose name occurs in the lists as early as 1541. In 1575 ^^ ^^
designated 'Ensigne and Exempt' The following notice of his burial
occurs in the registers of Anstruther Wester: Burials, 1583, Nov. *Ane
honorabill man Capitane Robert Anstruder, Enseinzie to the Scottis gairde
in France.' We think this worth recording. Ed.

581. An Old Dunkeld Seau — ^The accompanying sketch^ is taken
from the matrix of an old seal now in the antiquarian collection of Mr.
James Isles, J. P., Blairgowrie. It has been the seal of the Chapter of
Dunkeld Cathedral in pre-Reformation times. There is nothing on the

^ Kindly lent by the proprietor of the Dundee Advertiser,'^ED»

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171

seal itself to give a clue to its date ; but the style of the engraving makes
it probable that it was in use early in the fifteenth century. The descrip-
tion of this seal, given by Henry Laing in his valuable work on seals, is
as follows: *The Seal of Causes of
the Chapter of Dunkeld A round
seal of excellent work and in good
preservation. A figure of St. Co-
lumba, with the nimbus, in pontifical
vestments, sitting on a plain throne,
his right hand raised, and his left
holding the crozier. At each side
of the Bishop is a half-length figure
of an angel waving the thurible, and
the words S. Columba. The mscrip-
tion is S. Capituli Dunkeld^ ad
Causas et cetera Negocia,^ In the
Chapter House at Westminster there
are seven of the Seals of Bishops of
Dunkeld appended to documents
preserved there, and these all differ from that in Mr. Isles's possession.
The oldest of these is attached to a parchment dated 25th May 1303, and
represents a Bishop in the act of Benediction, with pastoral staff in his
left hand. The inscription shows that it was the seal of Matthew, who
was Bishop of Dunkeld from 1288 till 131 2. Another Dunkeld seal is
fixed to a fragment of parchment undated, but the inscription shows that
it was the seal of William, Bishop of Dunkeld from 131 2 till 1337. It
has two figures, a monk and a bishop, in niches below a spire with a cross,
a bishop at prayer underneath. The seal of John, Bishop of Dunkeld,
appears attached to two documents dated September 1357, and is thus
described : — * In upper central compartment the Virgin, half length, and
Child, beneath a canopy; an angel in compartment on either side; in
centre compartment a mitred and vested figure under dexter arch, a
crowned female figure with nimbus, sword in left hand, under sinister
arch, both standing ; in lowest compartment a bishop, vested and mitred,
with crook, standing.' The seal of the Chapter of Dunkeld has been a
double seal, the obverse having had a church with triple, central, and two
end towers, in base a church with transept, fl^che, and turrets at each
end ; while the reverse has a church at top, and, in the centre arch below,
an abbot seated giving the benediction, the pastoral staff in left hand.
There are two examples of the Chapter Seal at Westminster and two of
the Bishop's Seal. The seventh Dunkeld seal is affixed to a document
dated June 1369, and is much defaced. It has been in three compart-
ments, a saint, vested and mitred, occupying the centre, and saints in the
niches on each side, all standing j beneath, a bishop kneeling in prayer
with a crook in front This must have been the seal of John, Bishop of
Dunkeld from 1356 till 1373. The seal shown in our sketch is evidently
later than any of these. It is not impossible that it was used by Thomas
Lauder, who was Bishop from 1452 till 1476, and who built the bridge
over the Tay near his own palace. His successor was Bishop James
Livingstone, who held the bishopric from 1476, was Lord Chancellor in
1482, and died the following year. Should the seal be of a later date, it
may have been that used by George Brown, son of George Brown, Trea-

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surer of Dundee, who was bom in that burgh, and was a munificent donor
to the Church of St. Mary in Dundee. He was Bishop of Dunkeld from
1484 till his death in 15 14. The seal does not appear to be of a more
recent date than the latter year, or it might have been assigned to the
famous Gawain Douglas, the translator of the /Endd^ who was Bishop
from 1 514 till his death in 1522. The seal is a heavy brass matrix, about
three-quarters of an inch thick, the above sketch showing the full size of
the face of the seal. R. H.

582. Preservation of Old Records. — ^The following letter received
by the Editor deserves due attention : —

Dear Sir, — I have read with pleasure your suggestion in your in-
teresting article on Parochial Records for steps being taken to preserve
and protect these valuable records. I fear, however, that the work will
never be done satisfactorily until some legislation takes place.

It is a matter of grief that valuable records in all parts of the country
are crumbling into dust for want of preservation and attention. If you
go into any Sheriff-CkrUs office you will find lumber-rooms with heaps of
processes, etc., tossed about as if they had been thrown out of an ash-
bucket. Just a few months ago I wanted to see a Petition for General
Service presented about 1805 in a County Sheriff Court. I knew the
Depute Sheriff-Clerk well, and I offered to pay any fee he liked to charge
if he could possibly find it. After weeks of fruitless search he wrote me
that it was simply impossibU to get anything that had been put into their
old repositories.

But the General Register House in Edinburgh is little better in many
respects. They do not know what they possess^ and the indices are most
unsatisfactory. The only guide to the various departments is that neat
little work that Mr. Bryce, the Searcher, prepared some years ago, but it
is far from complete, and any reference to it brings z. frown (rom the
officials, as they look upon it as illegal and unofficial.

I have often thought of starting a correspondence in our daily papers,
and an agitation for the preservation of records that have not been in-
gathered, but my time is so wholly occupied with business that I have
always hoped that some abler hands may take up the agitation.

There are several members of Parliament whom, I think, you might
readily enlist in the work. I cannot see how a short Bill could not be
introduced into Parliament, ordaining all Session Records to a certain
date to be deposited in the Register House, and ordaining all papers with
the Sheriff-Clerks, Commissary-Clerks, Fiscals, and other public officials,
to be properly preserved and indexed. A small additional grant from the
Exchequer would place the whole on a proper basis, though probably
most of the Sheriff-Clerks in Scotland might be able to do the work
themselves in a few months with their ordinary staff, as I know none of
them that are burdened with overmuch work. — Yours faithfully,

CR.

583. Names of Scots Guards in France. — In the Scots Men-at-arms^
by Forbes-Leith, the following names occur which may interest those of
our readers who are interested in the families of Cant and Younger : —
A.D., 1471, Alexandre Kant; 1480, Alexandre Cant; 1482, Alexandre
Caen; 1554, Jehan Yongard. Ed.

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584. Old Stirling Registers {continued from f age 117). —

June 17. Johnne leischmane, son of Thomas leischmSL and Elet.
Aissone. W, Jone M*bene, Alexr. zwng, baxt., Jone Reid
in greink.
„ „ Williame gilm', son of George Gilm' and Margaret ewing. W.
Wm. gillaspie, malt, Waltir Mwresone, Wm. Wilsone, Moreis
Eweing.

In Towt w*in S. ninians parochin.
July I. Margaret Stevinsone, daughter of Alex, stevinsone and Elit.
Andirsone. W. george forester in Schiphow', Johnne
Stevinsone in tow'.
In polmais w*in S. ninans parochin.
„ „ Wm. buchane, son of David buchane and agnes Mayne. W.

Richard richardsone in Sterling, Wm. wilsone in polmais.
„ 4. Wm. Norwall, son of Thomas norwall and Elit. pell [tom\, W.
Jone Scot in cambusbarron, Thomas nowall, baid, Rychard
Pett, throsk.
„ „ Jonet drumond, daughter of Patrik drtimond and Elit.
Steveiisone. W, Andro Andirsone, baxt., Rot. finlasone,
flesher, andro liddell, tailzour, Johnne Downie, fiichand.

The parents of zis baime following ar parochinars of Hally-
rud hous, quha ar testefeit to be mareit yair be Andro*
kilbwry and Wm. hud. The woman come heir to vesie hir
mother and was dely vir of ye mane chyld following —
„ 6. William glen, son of Arthur glen and hellein hadeintoun. W.
Wm. hwd, Jone Millar, cowper, Jone caircross, Jone Downie,
sauchie.

In Cowie, w^in S. ninians parochin.
„ II. hellein smart, daughter of James smart and Jonet gillaspie. W,
Jone lowrie in cowie, huchene gillaspie in plaine.
In Drip.
„ 18. Margaret lowrie, daughter of Jone lowrie and Elit. gillaspie.
W. Thomas Willesone, cordenar, alexr. turbill in gargunnok,
James Dawsone in Spittell.
„ 25. James name, son of Johnne hame and Issobell Callender. W.
James schort, ffichand, Alexr. Millar.
Aug. I. Margaret dark, daughter of Johnne dark and Jonet crystesone,
W. Rot Downy in murssyd, Johnne moresone, cowj, Thomas
Willesone, cor., Wm. EdmS, baxt.
„ „ Cathrein glen, daughter of Wm. glen and Jonet sibbeld. W.
James Kidstone und' ye Craig, Jone Glen, tailzor.

[torn]. W. andro anderson, bax., James michell, baxt.,
Wm. Watsone, baxt., Wm. callend' in
„ „ Thomas Wingzet, son of Johnne Wingzet and Cathrein steven-
sone. W* Jone Moresone, zwnger, cowper, Wm. Norrie,
Thomas bow.
„ 21. Archibauld M'williSL, son of Jone M'Williame and Cathrein
Shathie. W, Ard. Alexr., fikchand, Alexr. patsone, list,
Duncan LeishmS, smyt, Thomas Andersone, m.
„ „ John M'comes, son of Andro M'comes and christane M*KewD

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174 '^^ Scottish Antiqnary :

W. Johnne willesone, m., Wm. Donaldsone^ m., Mr. Jone
Stewart.

Aug. 22. Annabill («V), daughter of Mr. Jone Elphingstone, persone

of Innernachtie, and Agnes bruce. W» Jone, Mr. of Mar,
Mr. Jone Colvill of Shamdie.

29. Jone aissone, son of James aissone and hellein froster. W.
Wm. finlason in diiblane, Wm. aissone, inchand, crystiesword,
Johnne gow.

„ Alexr. forest, son of Jone forrest and margaret com well. W,
Jone forester, sone to ye laird of gden, Jone willesone.

30. Jone Layng, son of Johnne Layng and margaret watsone.
W, Rot. thomesone, malt, Jonne Layng, Walter scott.

Sep. 5. Robert allane, son of ard. allane and marion scharer. W.
Rot. forest of bogwhen, Jone norwall, Waltir Mwrisone.
„ Johnne \torn\i son of Thomas Michell and Issobel Gilleis.

W. Alexr. Zwng, baxt., Wm. Gillaspie, malt \torn\,
19. Rob. leishman, son of Johnne leishman and Jonet cowane.
W, andro lowrie, mchant, Wm. uir, flesher, david ewein in
wast grainge.
„ Cathrein hud, daughter of Wm. Hud and agnes Ro'sone. W.

andro liddell, James foresi, chapmS.
23. Elit. thomesone, daughter of Williame thomesone and agnes
feirlie. W, Johnne moresone, cowp., william feirlie, duncan
leishmS, smyt.
26. Andro Cowane, son of Waltir Cowane and Jonet Alschander.
W, Antonie bruce, baillie, Johnne Millar, baxt
Oct. 10. Cathreine wilsone, daughter of Whl wilsone and Jonet aissone.
W, Wm. aissone, mchand, Alexr. Cowane in Touchgorme,
Thomas Dugall in Pwrogame.
14. Neill Kincaid, son of James Kincaid and bessie Campbell.
W. Mr. Neill campbell, B. of argyll, Alexr. kincaid,
archebauld carswal.
„ \torn\ as button, ? of wait huttone and Jonet \iUegible\. IV,
James garrw in cortoun, wm. Crystie in guidup, Jone kemp,
zwnger.
17. [dlank] of Johnne gwthrw and Margaret cairns. IV. adame
wingzet in awld park, cristall wingzet in Bad.

This Bairne wndir writtin, was baptezit at comand of
ye eldership of yis kirk albeit ye alledgit ye father y'of nolat
be ye Mother of ye said deunyis it, be rassone ye bairn
appeirs not to leive and ye mat in tryell qwha is ye father y'of
cannot be hestallie tryed.
„ 21. Cathrein [d/ank], daughter of Margaret Ro*sone. JV. Bartilmo

thomson, cordener, Wm. philp, webster.
„ 27. James bruce, son of George bruce and agnes donaldsone. IV.
Mr. James elphingstone of Innernachtie, Rot craigingelt of
yat ilk, James mentay* of Randefurd,
„ 28. Bessie glen, daughter of Jon Glen, elder, and Elit andra. IV.
Rot cossur in cambuskynet, James andro in sheok, patrik
downy, y.
Nov. 4. Cristane murray, daughter of Wm. murray and agnes name.
IF. Mr. Patrik sison, minister, Mr. henrie levingstone,
ministeri Waltir neish.

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or, Northern Notes and Queries, 175

Nov. 7. Jone broun, son of Johnne broune and margaret ewein, W.

duncane gib, maissone, Johnne gib, qwarreori George gilmS

mailmaker, adam quhyt.
,, 14. Cathrein stevinsone, daughter of Johnne stevinsone and Jonet

allesone. W. alex, alesone in touch, Thomas alesone, y.,

Rot. patsone in bavinfeild, Jone andirsone, baxt., in sterling.
„ „ David wilsone, son of David wilsone and Cathrein stevinsone.

W. David mentay*, cwik, duncan patsone, maltm., Jone gib,

cuitlar.
,, 18. \j?lanK\ of duncan kirkwood and Elit. leishman. W. Rot.

thomsone, maltma, Thom. leischman, smy*.
„ 21. Ewffame garvey, daughter of Johnne garvey and cathrein

Uttein. W, alexr. dawsone, tail., alexr. broun, webstar.
„ 28. Agnes name, daughter of George name and Eli* Layng. W.

Johnne pafeone, baillie, James schort, Wm. Murray, varlat

to o' soflane lord.
1 )cc. 2. Janet crystesone, daughter of Thomas crystesone and agnes

thomesone. W, Johnne crystesone in drip, lowe yyilsone, y.,

Wm. hendirsone, Ro. hendirsone in comtoun.
„ 5. Johnne M*Kewn, son of Patrik M*Kewn and Issobell ranald.

W, Alexr. thomesone, maltmS, Jone swane, loremer, Jame

aisplein, cutler.

(To be concluded in next Number,)

585. Parish Registers in Scotland (vols. i. and ii. (comb.) 89, 130,
172 ; vol. iii. 57, 142). — ^The foregoing lists have been much appreciated ;
the present list completes the names of all parishes possessing Registers
down to the year 1700. Dates of first entries from 1676 — 1700.

The parishes with an asterisk prefixed should have been inserted in
earlier lists. Ed.

*Abbey, b, 1676, m, 1670, d. 1759.

Aberdour (Aberdeenshire), . b. 1698, m, 1698, d, 1786.

Aberfoyle, b, 1692, m, 1692, d, 1750.

Abemethy, b, 1690, m. 1690, d, 1690.

Airlie, b, 1682, w. 1682, d. 1706.

Arngask, b. 1688, m, 1686, d, 1702.

Auchindoir and Kearn, ^.1694, w. 1705, ^. i739-

Auchinleck, , b, 1693, m, 1693, d, 1753.

Auchterless, . b, 1680, m. 1753, d. None,

Auldearn, b, 1687, ;//. 1687, d, 1819.

Avondale, ... . ^.1698, »/. 1703, d. None,

Balfron, b, 1687, m. 1691, d. None.

Balquhidder, . . , . b, 1696, m, lyio, d. None.

Barr, b, 1689, ///. 1689, d. None,

Bedmle, b, 1690, m, 1690, d. None,

Benholm, b, 1684, nt, 1720, ^.17x8.

Bervie, ^.1698, w. 1735, d. None.

Blantyre, ^.1677, m, 1679, d. 1788.

Bolton, b, 1686, m, 1685, d, 1697.

Botriphnie, . . , . b, 1683, m, 1683, d. None,

Bowden, h. 1697, ;//. 1697, d, 1697.

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176

The Scottish Antiquary ;

Cameron, ^.1695, »«• 1695, d. None.

Campbeltown, , b. 1682, w. 1682, d. None,

Canonbie, b, 1693, m, 1768, d, 1783.

Carluke, b, 1690, m. 1694, d, 1697.

Carmichael, . b, 1695, m, 1694, ^. 1764.

Carmyllie, b, 1684, w. 1684, d, 1723.

Carriden, b, 1687, ^'- 1688, ^. 1749.

Cavers, b, 1694, w. 1695, //. 1796.

Clatt, b, 1680, w. 1784, d, 1784.

Clcish, ^. 1700, m. 1702, ^. 1745.

Cockpen, b, 1690, /«. 1747, d, 1747.

Coldingham, .A 1690, m. 1694, ^ 1694.

Coldstream, , b, 1690, w. 1693, ^. 1698.

Collessie, b, 1696, m, 1696, ^. 1727.

Comrie, b, 1693, w. 1700, d. None,

Coupar-Angus, , b. 1683, m. 1682, ^. 1747.

Craigie, k 1679, w. 1679, d. None.

*Crail, b, 1684, w. 1655, ^. 1685.

Cranston, b, 1682, »i. 1784, d, 1738.

Crawford, b, 1698, »». i^«^, ^. None.

Crawfordjohn, , b, 1694, »i. 1693. d. 1817.

Creich, b, 1695, w. 1694, </. 1783.

Crichton, b, 1682, m, 1679, ^. 1679.

Crieff, b, 1692, »i. 1692, d. None.

Cults, <^. 1693, w. 1693, </. 1704.

Cumbernauld, , b. 1688, w. 1689, d. 1798.

Dailly, /a 1691, m. 1692, ^. 1780.

♦Dalmeny, b. 1679, w. 1628, d. 1679.

Dairy, b. 1680, »». 1679, ^. None.

Dairy (Kirkcudbright), b, 1691, w. 1691, d. 1758.

Dalrymple, . ^. 1699, m, 1699, ^. ^(7/i^.

Denny, b, 1679, «r. 1680, d. 1783.

Douglas, . ^, ^691, m. 1698, </. 1790.

Dron, b, 1682, »i. 1682, d. 1784.

Drumoak, ^.1692, m. 1715, d. None,

Dunbog, ^.1695, w. 1705, d. None,

Dunnichen, , b, 1683, tn. 1683, ^. ^<w^.

Dunning, b, 1708, xv. 1691, d, 17 15.

Dunsyre, b, 1687, w. 1694, </. 1785.

Earlston, b, 1694^ m, 1694, ^. 1784.

♦Echt ^. 1678, w. 1648, d. None,

Eckford, b, 1694, m, 1694, d. 1783.

*Edzell, A 1684, m. 1641, d. None.

Ettrick, b, 1693, ^- '693, ^. 1746.

Farnell, b, 1699, m. 17 16, rf, 1752.

Fenwick, b, 1691, »». 1691, d. None.

Flisk, ^. 1697, m. 1697, ^* 1775-

Fordoun, b. 1693, w. 1765, d. None,

Forgan, ^•1695, w. 1703, d. None,

Forgandenny, , b, 1695, m, 1695, ^' -A^^.

Forgue, b. 1684, »i. 1787, d. 1787.

Foulden, b. 1682, w. 1727, ^. 1809.

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or^ Northern Notes and Qiieries,

Fyvie, ..... ^. 1685, m, 1685

G^ald, b, 1694, m, 1694,

Girth on, b, 1699, m, 1700,

Gladsmuir, b. 1688, tn. 1692

Glammis, b, 1699, ^* '^99

Glassford, ^.1692, m. 1692

Glencairn, b, 1693, m. 1694

Govan, . , b. 1690, ;/i. 1689,

Grange, b. 1684, w. 1683

Greenlaw, b, 1699, »i. 1780

Greenock, Old or West, b. 1698, w. 1698

Heriot, b, 1685, m. 1692

Holywood, ^. 1687, '''• '688,

Hownam, b. 1689, w. 1703

Huntly, b, i68o, »i. 1684,

Innerkip, b, 1694, w. 1757

Insch, b, 1683, w. 1683

Inverkeithing, . ^ 1676, ;;/. 1676

Irvine, . . - . . ^. 1687, ///. 1721

Keith, b, 1686, m, 1705

Keithhall and Kinkell, . ^.1678, w. 1678

Kells, b, 1698, m, 1698,

Kilbirnie, b. 1688, w. 1688

Kilbride, East, . . . . b, 1688, w. 1688

Kildrummy, . b. 168 1, ///. 1678

Killearn, b. 1694, w. 1694

Killin, b. 1689, w. 1687

Kilmaurs, ^. 1688, m, 1693

*Kilmorack, . . . <^. 1674, w. 1674

Kilpatrick, New or East, . A 1691, w. 1693

Kilpatrick, Old or West, . ^.1688, w. 1689

Kilwinning, . b. 1699, w. 1678

Kincardine, . . ^. 1691, w. 1692

Kinloss, b, 1699, w. 1699

Kinnellar, b. 1697, ;;/. 1732

Kinnettles, b. 1696, ///. 1709^

Kinross, b. 1676, m. 1676,

Kirkinner, /^. 1694, ///. 1694

Kirkoswald, A 1694, w. 1694

Kirkpatrick-Juxta, . b. 1694, ;//. 1736

Ladykirk, /^. 1697, m. 1698

Lauder, b. 1680, m. 1677

Legerwood, . b. 1689, ;//. 1690.

Leslie, b, 1699, m. 1701

Lesmahagow, A 1692, m, 1692

Lethendy and Kinloch, ^.1698, w. 1698-

Lochgoilhead and Kilmorich, b. 1692, w. 1692

Lochrutton, . . . , b. 1698, w. 1698

Logie, b, 1688, w. 1688

Logie Buchan, , b, 1698, m. 1698^

Loumay, A 1687, tn, 1687

Luss, ....•• ^. 1698, m. 1698

VOL. VIII. — NO. XXXII.

177

d. 1783.
d. None,
d, 1699.
d, 1746.
^. 1685.

^. 1733-
d. None,
d, 1817.
d 1783.
^. 1780.
</. 1722.
d, 1 69 1.
^. 1773.
d. None,
d. None,
d. None,
d 1783.
-d. 1702.
d 1783.
^. 1748.
^. 1738.
d. None,

d 1753-
d. None.
d. None,
d. None,
d. None,
d 1783.
d, 1674.
d. None,
d. None,
d. None,
d. None,
d. None,
d. None.
d. 1718.
d, 1684.
d. None,
d, 1724.
d, 1799.
d, 1784.
d 1785.
^. 1788.
d. None,
d, 1765.

^. 1754.
d. None,
d. 1766.
d. None,
d. None.'
d, 1716.
d. Nonet
M

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178

The Scottish Antiquary ;

, Makerston, .
. Maryculter,
. Marykirk, .

Maxton,

Minnigaff, .

Monkland, New,

Monkland, Old,
. Monymusk,

Morton,

Muckart,

Muiravonside,

Murroes,

Neilston,

New Abbey,

New Deer, .

New Luce, .

New Machar,

Olrig, . .

Orwell,

Panbride,

Penninghame,

Pettinain, ,

Port-Glasgow,

Port of Menteith,

Prestonpans,

Rafford,

Ratho,
*Rayne,

Rescobie, .

Rhynd,

Riccarton, .

Roberton, .

Rothes,

Rothesay, .

Rutherglen,

St. Boswells,

St. Cyrus, .

St. Fergus,

Selkirk,

Skene,
♦Skirling, .

Slamannan,
. Sorbie,

Som,

Southdean and Abbotrule,
♦Stenton,

Stewarton, .

Stonehouse,

Stromness,

Symington,

Tannadice, .
. Tarves,

1692,
1696,
1699,
1689,
1694,
1693,
1695*
1678,
1692,
1698,
1689,
1698,
1688,
1691,
1684,

169s,
1676,
1699,
1688,
i693»
1695.
1689,
1696,
1697,
1687,
1682,
1682,

1679,
1688,
1698,

i695»
1679,

1698,
1691,
1698,
1692,
1696,
1688,
1697,
1726,
1683,
1681,
1700,
1692,
1696,
1679,

1693,
1696,

1695,
1692,
1694,

1695.

m. 1716,
m. 1783,
m. 1699,
m. 1691,
m, 1694,
m. 1703,
m. 1790,
m. 1678,
m, 1692,
m. 1698,
m. 1692,
m, 1 7 1.7,

»»• 1737,

m, 1692,
m. 1690,

M. 1694,
;//. 1676,
///. 1699^

M. 1693,
m. 1771,

m, 1696,

m, 1689,

tn. 1696,

m. 1697,

m, 1687,

m, 1721,

m. 1 741,

m. 1672,

m. 1783,

m. 1700,

«. 1695,

;//. 1679,

m, 1698,

m. 1 69 1,

M. 1698,

;//. 1697,

;//. 1696,

m. 1783,

w. 1697,

PL 1681,

m, 1665,
m. 1681,
w. 1700,
m, 1692,
m. 1736,
m, 1668,
m. 1693,
m. 1696,
m. 1695,
m, 1700,
w. 1717,
m. 1736,

</. 1716.

</. 1783.
d. 1704.
//. 1696.
it. None,
d. 1748.
//. None,
d. 1784.
^. JV^«^.
d, 1707.
^. 1783.
^. I7P5-
d. 1744.
^ 1699.
d, 1690.
</. 1730-
^. 1738.
d. None,
d 1783.
d. 1771.

^. 1696.
d. None,
d. None.
d, 1799.
d. 1816.
^. 1682.
d 1783.
//. 1784.
d. None,
d. None,
d. 1744.
d, 1718.
^. 7\^/r^.
d, 1705.
^. 1784.
^. 1783.
d. None,
d. 1741.
d, 1 72 1.
^. 1723.
^. None,
d, 1706.
^. ^^»tf.
d, 1736.
^. 1668.

^. 1754.
d, 1706.

^. 1763-
d. 1743.
^. 1722.
^, None,

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or, Northern Notes and Queries. 1 79

Temple, b. 1688, m. 1689, d, 1697.

Tibbermore, . b. 1694, ,m. 1694, d, 1728.

Tongland, ^. 1693, m, 17 12, ^. 1807.

Torphichen, , b. 1693, «. 1808, d. 1808.

Torthorwold, . ^. 1696, m. 1696, ^. 1697.

Traquair, b, 1694, w. 1694, d, 1695.

Troqueer, ^, 1690, w. 1690, if. 1764.

Turriff, b. 1696, »f. 1724, d. None,

Twynholm, . b, 1694, m. 1694, </. 1762.

Walston, , b, 1679, ^* 1680, d. None,

Ween, ^. 1692, m. 1692, ^. 1800.

Westerkirk, . b. 1693, w. 1693. d. None.

West Kilbride, .... ^.1691, w. 1716, //. 1783.

Whitekirk and Tyninghame, . ^.1695, /«. 1695, ^.1749.

Wilton, ^. 1694, m. 1767, ^. 1707.

Witson and Roberton, b. 1694, m. 1689, ^* 1689.

Yarrow, b. 1691, w. 1691, d. 1759.

Yetholm, ^. 1689, m. 1693, //. iV5?;f^

QUERIES.

CCLXIV. {a) Norman—

1. Odinic descent of Rollo. In a footnote to Mallet's Anti-
quities it is stated that Rollo has been derived from Odin. Can
any reader supply an outline of the descent ?

2. Mcdahulc, alleged uncle of Rollo. What is the authority
for his being 2^ paternal uncle? The sagas are silent as to him.

3. Malger, Earl of Corbeil and Mortain, 3rd son of Richard
Sans-Peur. He acquired the Earldom of Corbeil by marriage
with the heiress thereof. Who was she ? His son William, the
Warling, was exiled to Apulia, 1051. Is anything further known
of him or his descendants ? Is there any support for the state-
ment that Hamo Dentatus (slain at Val-es-Dunes in 1045), grand-
father of Robert Fitz-Hamo, was a son of Malger. Corbeil is
said to have been inherited by the latter.

4. De Coucy, What relationship existed between Islande de
Coucy, who married Robert, 2nd Earl of Dreux, and Mary de
Coucy, Queen to Alexander 11. of Scotland ? Are there any books
of authority upon the Dreux and de Coucy families ?

(p) Orcadian —

1. Coin ofSomerled. In the list of British coins this is ascribed
to Somerled, royalet of the Hebrides. Why not to Somerled,
Earl of Orkney, to whose father the Hebrides were tributary.
The latter were frequently subject to the overlordship of Orcadia.
Is the evidence conclusive that the coin was Hebridean ?

2. Earl Roguvald Brusison. In the Orkneyinga Saga, '^. 24,
his son is referred to as Erling^ while in Laing's Hemiskruigla

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i8o The Scottish Antiquary ;

(vol. ii. p. a) he is named Eilif. He only appears once. Which
name is right ?

3. Orkn. Saga (p. vi, preface) has *A fuller history of the
Orkney Earls has long been in progress, in abler hands.* To
what work can this allusion refer ?

{c) Earls of Athole —

1. Malcolm^ 2nd Earl {^. 1 153-1 180). Is it known whom he
married ?

2. Henry, ^rd EarL Is it known whom he married ? Is it
correct that he had issue a son Conan or Gumming, who had

. issue a son Ewen or Eugenius. As these apparently survived
Earl Henry, how is it that he was succeeded by his daughters ?

{d) Earls of Angus —

1. Gilchrist^ Earl of Angus {^, 11 $yi IT ^), Bishop TuUoch's
Mss. marries him to Mauld, a natural daughter of King Malcolm.
Is this capable of confirmation ?

2. Magnus^ Son of the Earl of Angus, is present at the Aber-
brothock perambulation, i6th Jan. 1222 {Heg, ret. de Aber-
brothock^ p. 163). Is this correct? Was the then Earl of Angus
named Duncan. In 1 231 King Alexander n. granted the Earldom
of North Caithness to Magnus, the second son of Gilbride, Earl
of Angus {Ork, Saga, Intro, p. xlvi). Is this correct? On 2nd
Oct 1232, J/., Earl of Angus, and Kataness, witnesses a
charter of King Alexander n. to the chapel of St. Nicholas at Spey
{Regist. de Moraviense, p. 123). Is this correcit? Does M.
Stand for Malcolm (then Earl of Angus) or for Magnus (then
Earl of Caithness)? According to Nisbet, Earl Malcolm m,
a daughter of Sir Humfrey Barclay. He died about 1237,
leaving a daughter, Matilda, Countess of Angus in her own right.
How is it she does not succeed to Orkney and Caithness, and
if M(alcolm) were Earl of Angus and Kataness in 1232, what
degree of relationship existed between Malcolm of Angus and
Magnus and Gibbon or Gilbride of Orkney ?

(e) Earls of Stratherne —

1. Does any History of the Erasers state who the heiress of
Caithness was, by whom Simon Eraser (d. 1333, at Halidon)
acquired lands in the North.

2. There is mention in 1292 of Maria, Comitissa de Stratherne^
who was wife of Hugh de Abernethy. Can she be Maria Comyn^
who, on the death of Malise n. in 127 1-2, may have then married
Hugh. Her son, Alex, de Abernethy, claimed certain properties
in 1292.

* 3. Matilda, daughter of Malise, Earl of Stratlurne, was con-
tracted in 1293 (being not yet in her 20th year) to Robert
de Thony. Did marriage result? Robert ^.j./. in 131 1, when
he was heired by his sister.

4. Did Malise^ Earl of Stratherne^ fall at Halidon Hill in
1333? I^ *iot it is to be presumed that the Malise mentioned
before and after that date is one and the same person.

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5. The Orcadian Diploma states that the last Earl Malise
married as first wife Johanna, daughter of Sir John Monteith,
by whom he had a daughter, Matilda. If this is correct, then
the preceding Earl Malise also married a daughter of a John
de Monteith, also named Johanna, by whom he had a daughter
Johanna, married ist to John Campbell, Earl of Athole {d. 1333) \
2nd to John de Warrenne, Earl of Warrenne and Surrey, created
Earl of Stratherne, and from whom she must have obtained a
divorce \ and thirdly to her cousin, Maurice de Moravia, created
Earl of Stratherne, and fell at Durham in 1346 (Vide Papal
Dispensation — Theiner's Monumenta^ p. 275). During widow-
hood (? which) she executed a charter in favour of her cousin,
Christian Erskine, only daughter of Sir John Monteith by Elyne,
daughter of Gratney, Earl of Mar.

6. In 1334 or 1344 Earl Malise, by instrument at Inverness,
granted William, Earl of Ross, the marriage of his daughter
Isabella {Orkn, Saga^ p. Ivi). Has this document been dis-
covered ?

7. Malise Speir, grandson of Earl Malise, last of Stratherne,
was Lord of Skuldale (see Amnesty in Rosslyn Chartulary).
Is Skuldale in Scotland?

8. Alex, de Ard, grandson and heir of Earl Malise in 1375,
* resigned his Scottish possessions to King Robert 11. Are there

any subsequent notices of Alex, de Ard ?

Rowland St. Clair.
{To be continued,)

CCLXV. Campbell of Glenlvon. — Who was the wife of Duncan
Campbell, 2nd of Glenlyon, * Donnachadh-Ruadh-na-Feileachd ' ?

•Recta.'

C.'CLXVI. Families of Grant, etc. —

1. Alexander Grant married, about the year 1780, Camp*

bell, daughter of Campbell of Auchindoune. His father had a
property upon the moor of Drummonie or CuUoden, and was
directly descended from Grant of Grant. Alexander Grant had
three sons — William, Alexander^ and Archibald — and two
daughters— Mrs. Eraser and Mrs. Rose. Can any information
be given regarding the descent of the family from Grant of
Grant?

The arms of Alexander Grant are gules three antique crowns
or, but no mark of difference.

2. Campbell of Auchindoune, mentioned above, was related
to Campbell of Cawdor, now represented by the Earl of Cawdor.
In some papers they are called cousins. Can the exact relation-
ship be given ?

3. Can any account be given of the family of Arnot of Capel*
drea? A daughter of the family married a son of Bruce of
Airth. Can the names be given ?

4. Is the family of Law of Pittilloch extinct? Can the
pedigree of the family be given ?

5. Can any information be given concerning — Innes,

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1 8 2 The Scottish A nttquary ;

Provost of Leith, living about the beginning of the x8th century?
He had two sons —
(i.^ James, Minister of Merton.

(2.) William, an officer in the army, whose descendant General
Innes of Bath had a son who lately married the daughter
of Michael Coote, Esq.
James, minister of Merton, had three sons —
(i.) James, minister of GifTord.
(2.^ Captain Albert Innes.

(3.) Dr. Robert Innes of GifTord, who married, yfrj/, a daughter

of Gibson of Ladhope, and second, Wilhelmina Wilson,

cousin of Gibson of Ladhope. He had issue by both

marriages.

6. Can any information be given concerning the family of

Gibson of Ladhope, mentioned above ? G. Makgill.

CCLXVII. MiLNWRIGHT.—

1. Can any one give me a pretty minute account of the work
done by a milnwright in Scotland about 1745? They made
waulk-milns and grain-milns I know, but I should be glad of
some idea of the different branches of work done in the work-
shop, and if the milnwright made all his own iron machinery.
Is there any book on the subject ? ^. S.

2. Information is also much wanted as to the work done in
waulk-milns towards the end of last century. Was any weaving
done in them, or did the weavers bring their cloth to be beaten ?
Does any reader know anything of the weaving and waulking
business in Blackford at the above-mentioned period ? A. S.

3. Does any one know anything of three brothers, described
in the will of their father, who died at Bridge of Allan in 1701,
as 'James Stewart in TuUiallan, Alexander Stewart there, and
Walter Stewart there'? They had an aunt Beatrix Stewart
married to Andrew Pennie in Kincardine. These brothers may
have been maltmen, or workers in iron of some description.
Any information of them, or of a son or grandson of one of them
named James Stewart, would be gratefully received. The said
James Stewart returned to Bridge of Allan, and was married
there in 1 744. A. S.

4. Can any one tell me who * Mr. Peter Douglas, minister,*
was, who married (irregularly) the above-mentioned James
Stewart in 1744? The Kirk-Session of Logie on hearing his
name declared themselves to be 'quite non-plussed,' and so am
I, as I have been unable to discover who the rev. gentleman was,
or where the young couple would go to be married. A. S.

CCLXVIII. Families of Vesev and Ker. — I am informed that an
ancestor of mine, one William Vesey, an Englishman, married
about 1600 a lady of the family of Ker of Cessford, and that
they then went over to Ulster and lived in the county of Armagh.
Their son was Thomas Vesey, clergyman at Coleraine in the
time of Cromwell. He is often mentioned in Reed's History
of the Irish Presbyterians, He was of Trinity College, Dublin,

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but I have never been able to find out who he married, except
it may have been a person of the family of the famous George
Walker of 'Deny — perhaps his aunt. The son of Thomas Vesey
was John, Archbishop of Tuaip, who died 1716. I want par-
ticularly to find out who was the Scotch lady of Cessford who
married the original William Vesey.

This is all given in Archdale Lodge's Irish Peerage^ 1789,
and copied into Burke's Peerage^ pedigree of Viscount de Vesci,
but not in the later editions. It is also to be seen in Burke's
Extinct and Dormant Peerage^ pedigree of Lord Fitzgerald and
Vesey.

I have never been able to make out who this ancestor of
mine, William Vesey was, or where he came from in England,
where there were several families of them, and then I find that
Lodge is incorrect in saying they came from Cumberland, where
the name is not known except in very ancient times.

I have inquired from the Duke of Roxburgh and from Lord
de Vesci about all this, but in vain. Dominick Browne.

Christchurch, New Zealand.

CCLXIX. Archibald Stobo. — Information wanted about Rev. Archibald
Stobo, who went with Darien Colonists from Scotland. He
landed in South Carolina in 1700, and became one of the
representative men and ministers in that section, and corresponded
with some high official in regard to the Darien Scheme and ship-
of-war Rising Sun^ which was lost. J, G. B.

CCLXX. Baillie OF DuKAiN.— Will R. E. B. give me the descent of
Baillie of Dunain, and state if a certain Kenneth Baillie went to
Georgia in 1734-40, and who he was the son of, and who he
married? J. G. B.

CCLXXI. John Forbes — Annabella Bruce. — The following informa-
tion would oblige: Date of the marriage of John Forbes,
Advocate, of Newhall, with Annabella Bruce, daughter of James
Bruce of Powfoulis, and issue. Date of his death and place of
interment Date when Newhall passed out of the family.

Spernit Humum.

CCLXXII. Mirambel. — In the Scots Men-at-arms^ by Forbes-Leith, are
full lists of the soldiers who composed the Scots Guards in
France. I find (vol. i. page 171 and vol. ii. 106) Francoys de
Mirambel^ a.d. 1498 and 1518 respectively, and (vol. ii. p. 128)
Loys de Mirambel, 1536. The name is not Scottish. Is any-
thing known about these men ? A. W. C. H.

CCLXXIIL Racabo undes. — ^Racabo undes, quoth the Laird of Bemer-
syde, when he brake a bearmeal cake on a Feast day.' Mylne
and Russell after him gave this proverbial saying, in which the
italicised words are presumably a corruption of Rogado unde^
i.e., * I should like to know where this came from.'

In what does the strangeness consist of eating a bearmeal
cake on a feast day ? Was it too coarse for the Laird's table on
high days ? Fess Checquy.

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CCLXXIV. Family of de Lardi. — Can any of your readers give me arty
information about the family of 'de Lard,' *de Lardi/ or *de
Lart'? Mathilda, third daughter of Malise, seventh Earl of
Stratherne, married a certain de Larde; their son Alex-
ander de Lard, or de L'ard, claimed the earldom of Stratherne
through his mother. King Robert 11. granted to David, Earl of
Strathern, 2nd creation (1374-5, Mar. 21), *all the lands in
Caithness, including Brathwell Castle, and all rights and claims
to the Earldom of Stratherne, which Alexander de Lard had by
reason of his mother, Matilda^ both on the designation of the
said Alexander.' Is anything known of any members of this
family in Scotland 1 The family of * de Lart ' or * de Lard ' is of
Gascon origin, and a Lard settled in England, coming in the
train of the Black Prince. Malise, sixth Earl of Strathern, was
engaged in the Gascony wars, and possibly his granddaughter
Matilda married one of this family. Are there any branches of
this name in Scotland ? C. E. Lart.

CCLXXV. General John Forbes of Skellater.— I shall be greatly
obliged to any correspondent of The Scottish Antiquary who will
give me information regarding one of our most notable * Quentin
Durwards,' — General John Forbes of Skellater.

I have read the meagre account of him in the Dictionary of
National Biography^ and the obituary notice in the Gentleman's
Magazine for September 1808, but these are only the barest
outlines of his adventurous career.

In what army did he win his first commission at the siege of
Maestricht in 1748? In whose army did he serve through the
Seven Years' War? When and why did he enter and leave the
French service? and when and under what circumstances did
he enter that of Portugal? He is said to have married a Portu-
guese princess, under curious and romantic circumstances. The
date of his marriage, the name of his bride and her parentage ?
Did he leave any family ?

I shall be grateful for answers to these queries, and for any
further information about Forbes not given in the two short
biographies I have named. James Neil (M.D.).

REPLIES TO QUERIES.

CCXXXII. The 'Regiment de Douglas' is incorrectly styled 'the
Scots Guards in France.' With the old Scots Guards {La Garde
Ecossaise) of France it had no connection ; but the mistake may
have arisen from the fact that there was for a short time in France
another regiment of Scots Guards {Les Gardes Ecossaises\ raised
by the Earl of Irvine in 1642, The account of them will be
found in William Forbes-Leith's Scots Men-at-Artns and Life
Guards in France^ vol. ii. p. 211.

This latter regiment was broken up in 1660 and incorporated
with the regiment of Douglas {Le Regiment de Douglas), This

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regiment is the one of which George Douglas, Earl of Dumbarton,
was Colonel ; but it was always known as ie Regifnentde Douglas^
not as Scots Guards. It did go over to England or Scotland in
1 66 1, but apparently only for a year, and then returned to France,
where it remained till 1678, when it went over to Scotland, still
under Lord Dumbarton's command. Dumbarton did follow
James into exile as stated ; but the regiment was not incorporated
into the British army, but remained on the Scots establishment
till the Union in 1 707. It is not represented by the Scots Guards,
but by the Royal Scots or Lothian Regiment.

The Scots Guards were raised in Scotland in 1662, and com-
manded first by the Earl of Linlithgow, and afterwards, in 1684,
by James Douglas, second son of the second Earl of Queens-
berry, who was killed at Namur in 1691. The confusion in the
article has perhaps arisen from each regiment being commanded
by a Douglas at the same time.

The present Scots Guards represent the Earl of Linlithgow's
regiment.

I hope this may be of use in correcting what is rather confus-
ing in the paragraph.

Douglas, in his Peerage of Scotland^ gives the date of the
creation of Lord George Douglas, Earl of Dumbarton, 9th March
1675. I believe the march tune of the Royal Scots, *Dumbar- -
ton's Drums,* is supposed to date from his time.

C B. Balfour.

CCXXXV. Bulloch and Horne Families. — R. E. B. is wrong when he
says James Horn married Anne Leslie. He married Isobel
Leslie, daughter of John Leslie of Pitcaple. John Leslie of
Pitcaple married Agnes Ramsay, daughter of David Ramsay of
Balmain, son of Sir Jno. Ramsay,, created Lord Bothwell. Sir
Gilbert Ramsay, Bart, of Balmain, was the son of David Ramsay,
and brother of Agnes Ramsay. One of these Ramsays married
a Forbes of Watertoun, the other James Douglas of Inchmarlo
of Tillchilly family. Will R. E. B. kindly give the descent of
John Leslie of Pitcaple ? Who was Agnes Finch, and was John
the father of James Horn, vicar of Elgin ? J, G. B.

The Complete Peerage {voce Bothwell) states that Sir Gilbert
Ramsay, first Baronet of Balmain, was son of William, son and
heir of Sir John Ramsay, who sat as Lord Bothwell until 1485,
but forfeited 1488. Ed.

CCXXXVII. Drysdale. — The following account of the original settle-
ment of the family of this name in this part of Scotland has been
carefully preserved by its various ' representatives : — * On the
twentieth day of May, one thousand five hundred and three
years. We, Thomas, William, and James Douglas, sons of the
departed Thomas Douglas, of Brushwood Haugh, in the parish
of Drysdale (Dryfesdale), and shire of Dumfries, left our native
place for the reason here assigned, viz. : — Defending our just
and lawful rights against our unjust neighbour, Johnston of Green-
stonehill, who, being determined to bring water to his mill

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through our property, and having obtained leave of his friend,
the King (James iv.), began his operations on Monday, the i6th
May. We prevented him by force. The next day he brought
twenty of his vassals to carry on the work. We, with two friends
and three servants (eight in all), attacked Johnston with his
twenty, and, in the contest, fourteen of his men were killed
along with their base leader. A report of these proceedings
was carried to the King, and we were obliged to fly. We took
shelter under the shadow of the Ochil Hills, in a lonely valley
on the river Devon. After having lived there full two years,
we returned home in disguise, but found all our property in
possession of Johnston's friends, and a great reward offered for
our lives. We, having purchased a small spot, called the Haugh
of Dollar, and changed our names to the name of our native
parish, were clearly in mind to spend the residue of our days
under the ope of the Ochils, and with the name of Drysdale to
flourish in the lonely valley. The King passed through this with
his court on the 12th of June 1506, going from Stirling to Falk-
land ; dined on Haliday's Green ^ (an eastern neighbour) ; but
w(B were not recognised.'

The earliest mention of the name of Drysdale in this quarter
occurs in the Regis frum de Dunfermline^ about 1557, when a tack
of three bovates of the Mains of Dollar was granted to Agnes
Dryisdaill and Andrew Vannand
Dollar. R. P.

If Mr. Charles Drysdale will con%yA\. Dit^wall Fordyce Records^
he will find something of interest about the Drysdales.

J. G. B.

CCXLIL— James Ross of Balneil.— Thanks to R, E. B. for his very
satisfactory note in the January number.

There was a tradition among the descendants of Jean Ross,
who married Ronald Chalmers, that all her sisters were married,
and that one was the wife of a Fergusson of Craigdarroch
(Dumfriesshire), and that another was married to a M'llwraith.
Information regarding these two is requested. J. M. H.

CCXLIII. Colonel Douglases Regiment. — An account of the regiment
of Douglas is given in the same book to which I have ahready
referred (reply to Query ccxxxn.), on page 214, vol. ii. This
is the regiment referred to as Colonel Douglas's regiment in
Query ccxliii. C B. Balfour.

CCL. Clan Forbes.— (a) The father of David Forbes, Writer, Edinburgh,
was probably Daniel Forbes, Writer and Tacksman of Kinloch
and Ribigie, parish of Tongue, Sutherland. In 1746 Daniel
took an active part in the engagement with the French who were
compelled to land on the north coast of Sutherland from the
sloop Hazard^ and were taken prisoners. In 1760 he entertained
Bishop Pococke when travelling through that county. He is

^ TuUibole, then the property of a family of this name.

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buried in the Churchyard of Tongue, close to the door of the
church leading to Lord Reay's aisle ; the tombstone is a thick
flat one, bearing his arms in high relief and name incised. When
I visited the Churchyard in 1888 some parishioner had ap-
parently taken possession of the grave, and a mason was in the
act of cutting a family inscription on the opposite end of the
stone, and the older inscription was in imminent danger of being
eventually chiselled off.

For further references, see my notes in Pococke's Tours in
Sutherland and Caithness^ App. pp. 56, 57, also the Rev. Murdo
Macdonald's MS. Diary ; ibid, D. W. Kemp.

Trinity, Edinburgh.

Monro Family— (^) If * Absque Metu,' will consult the
Dingwall Fordyce Records and Kay's Portraits^ he will find
much about the Monro family to interest him. There were
a number of this family who rose to eminence, among
whom were, ist. Dr. Alexander Monro, primus^ who married
Isabella Macdonald, daughter of Sir Donald Macdonald of
Sleat. They had Dr.| Alexander Monro, secundusy Professor
of Anatomy in the University of Edinburgh, who was an
eminent surgeon and anatomist. He married Catharine Inglis,
daughter of David Inglis of Auchindinny, and Catharine
Bining, his wife, and had a numerous issue They had Dr.
Alexander Monro, tertius, also Professor of Anatomy and
Surgery in University of Edinburgh. He married Maria, eldest
daughter of the distinguished physician. Dr. James Carmichael
Smith, and had nine children, several quite distinguished.

J. G. B.

CCLI. Rhymer. — There is the Rhymer's Glen, near Melrose, through
which the rivulet meanders which flows out of Cauldshiels Loch.
Sir Walter Scott refers to it D. W. K.

CCLVIII. Armourers at Doune. — Doune was a great resort of High-
landers, and other things besides cattle were bought and sold at
Doune Tryst The Kettells or Caddells had a shop near the
Cross, and the last of them died not very long ago. They may
have been of the same race as the Kettells of Muthill {Transcript
of Muthill Registers), for they sometimes spelt their name in the
same way, and an old man in Doune knew them by this name.
The Kettells of Muthill were weavers, and possibly originally
Dutch, for the name is common in Holland. The Kettells of
Birmingham (metal-workers), were from that country, and I find
in a list in Foreigners resident in England^ Camden Soc., that
in 1 619, John Kettle, gunmaker^ resided in the ward of
Farringdon Without, London, and in 1672 there was a Dutch
family of Kettell at Norwich. A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

CCLIX. Bethune Family. — From Bethune memoranda of mine I am
happy to be able to give your querist, Mr. Bethune-Baker, some
of the information desiderated by him regarding the Bethunes

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of Craigfoodie. Preliminarily, however, I wish, with your per-
mission, to interject some remarks descriptive of the two pro-
• perties mentioned in the query— Craigfoodie and Bandon. Both
are in Fifeshire, the former being in the parish of Dairsie, and
the latter in that of Markinch. Anciently Craigfoodie belonged,
in frank-almoigne, to the Priory of St. Andrews. After the
Reformation, and during the first Episcopal period in Scotland,
it was located, in feu-farm and socage, in four divisions. In
1577 Patrick [Adamson], Archbishop of St. Andrews — cum
consensu capituH S. Andree^ promagna pecunie summa persoluta —
alienated in feu-farm to David Kynneir, senior, in Craigfoodie,
and his wife, Margaret Hunter, a fourth part of the said town
and lands, with a reddendo in grain, capons, and poultry, cum
areagiis^ careagiis^ et servitiis. In the course of the same year,
David Averie in Craigfudie (come of an ancient family in the
service of the Crown at Falkland, and uncle, maternally, of
Robert Arnot, the second Lord Balfour of Burleigh), and Agnes
Traill, his spouse, had a similar grant of another fourth : as also
did John Wemis in Craigfudie. I have not ascertained to
whom the remaining fourth was feued out. In 1649 two quarter
parts were vested in a family of the name of Falconer, nearly
related to the Bethunes of Creich, and to David Halkerston of
Rathillet, who w^as executed in connection with the murder of
Archbishop Sharp. At a later period, circa 1657, John Scheves
of Kemback, owned a fourth of Craigfoodie, with other lands, * all
unit into the tenendrie of Kemback,^ After the abolition of
Episcopacy the dominium directum^ or superiority, of these lands
became the annexed property of the Crown, and the feuars held
in capite of the king. What was known as Easter Craigfoodie,
extending to about 160 acres, appears to have been the portion
owned by the Bethunes. Sir Robert Sibbald, in his History of
Fife (2nd edition, Edin. 1710), bestows upon it the following
brief notice : ' South-west of it ' [the parish church of LogieJ,
* and in the border of these hills, is Craigfoodie, a very pretty
new house belonging to Mr. John Bethune.'

And now as to Bandon, in legal writings anciently written
BailindonCj from the Celtic Baiie-an-duin^ the fortified house.
Till about 130 years ago, when it was acquired by Robert Balfour
of Balbirnie (the predecessor in blood of the present proprietor,
John Balfour, Esq.), from the Bethunes, and became merged
in that estate, it was, and always had been, a separate small
lairdship. As far back as I have been able to trace it — that is,
to the time of King David the Second — it was the inheritance of
one of the then numerous propertied Fifeshire families bearing
the surname of Balfour. They were feudal retainers of the old
Earls of Fife, and held Ballindone of them reddendo unumpar
calcarium alborum nomine albefirme, and after their forfeiture, of
the Crown. * Their square tower, or fortalice, strongly built in
the old Scotch baronial style, though now roofless, is still a con-
spicuous and interesting object, on the rising ground, to the west
of the public road, midway between Balfarg and New-Inn.
Sibbald in his History, referred to supra^ gives it the following

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notice : — * Higher up on the hill, and to the east ' [of Pitcairn] * is
Bandon, the house of a gentleman of the name of Bethune, the
nearest cadet of the Laird of Balfour.' And in an ms. * Descrip-
tion of Markinch, in the Shire of Fife, by the Laird of Balfour,
1725,' there occurs this allusion to Bandon : * And after ye pass
Balfarg ye see the house of Bandon lying up the hill upon the
west hand : the house is an old tower, and a little house join'd
to the tower, by Robert Bethune, a second brother of the family
of Balfour.' This property was acquired, in the beginning of the
fourth decade of the seventeenth century, by Robert Betoun,
second son of David Betoun of Balfour, from the Balfours of
Bandon above referred to. On the 30th of July 1633, ^c> desig-
nated * Robert Betoun, lawful son of David Betoun of Balfour,'
and Mary Inglis, his spouse, had seisin of the lands of Bandon,
on disposition of sale thereof, in their favour, by Michael
Balfour, the elder, and his son Michael Balfour, the younger, of
Bandon, with consent of Euphemia Schethum, wife of the
former, and of Jean Hepburn, spouse of the latter, and other
consents, dated at Cupar 31st May 1633. This is satisfactory as
filiating, in express terms, the progenitor of the Bethunes of
Bandon. Marion or Mary Iriglis, to whom Robert Betoun was
wedded on 8th January 1629 {Edin, Marriage Register), is said
to have been a daughter of Thomas Inglis of Aithernie, co. Fife,
a merchant-burgess of Edinburgh. The contract matrimonial
entered into between them is of certain dates in November and
December 1628. It is registered in the books of Council and
Session. I have not yet made a note of it, and cannot there-
fore give particulars. Robert Betoun and Marion Inglis had,
with other issue, David, their eldest son, who inherited Ban-
don; and a second son, Mr. William, an advocate, who
conquest Craigfoodie. The paternity of the latter is instructed
by the following extract from the Fifeshire Retours : — * 1680, May
10. — Mr. William Bethune of Craigfoodie, Advocate, heir of
James Bethune, son of Robert Bethune of Bandone, his brother,
in anno redditu 100 lib. de villa et terris de CouU [a farm con-
tiguous with Bandon], and out of the lands of Easter Lathrish
[parish of King's-Kettle], in special warrandice of Coull.' Mr.
Wm. Bethune was admitted Advocate in 1661. In May 1680
he had seisin of the lands of Craigfudie \Fifeshire Seisins\
He had to wife his cousin, Mary Bethune, daughter of his
paternal uncle, Andrew Bethune, the founder of the Bethunes of
Blebo, who, at this moment are flourishing in Fifeshire, as pro-
prietors of that estate. By this lady he had the following issue
known to me, viz. : — (i) Mr. Robert, who, vitapatris, was styled
'younger of Craigfoodie.' He was admitted advocate in 1687,
by which time he would be about 21 years of age. In 1695,
under this designation, he was a Commissioner of Supply for
Fifeshire. His career was a short one, for he predeceased his
father, sine prole, prior to 15 th Feb. 1699, because of that date we
find his brother, Mr. John, designed as * of Craigfoodie ' [Edin-
burgh Marriage Register"] : (2) Mr. John, of whom later on as
proprietor of Craigfoodie, and carrying on the line of the family :

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(3) James, whose baptism is chronicled in the Parochial Regis-
ter of Cupar thus : — ' 1674, Oct. 29. — Mr. William Bethun of
Craigfudie, Advocate, and Mary Bethun, his spouse, had their
son James baptised, qo wes born on the 21 instant. Witnesis,
John Bethun of Blebo, David Bethun of Bandon, Doctor Alex-
ander Balfour ot Lelethem [Physician in Cupar], and James
Pringell, apothecarie [there] ' : (4) A daughter, Margaret, tn. on
7th August 1696 to Thomas Fisher, writer, Edinburgh. Mr.
Wm. Bethune of Craigfoodie died before 27th January 1703, of
which date his confirmed testament is recorded in the Commis-
sary Court Books of St. Andrews. Mr. John Bethune, whom I
have placed second in priority on the list of issue supra^ eventu-
ally inherited Craigfoodie. Like his father and elder brother, he
had the benefit of a University education, and was an M. A. He
may have been identical with a person of the same name who
laureated at Edinburgh University, April 11, 1 716, though the
date is perhaps somewhat late for him. St Andrews, from its
greater proximity to Craigfoodie, is more likely to have been his
Alma Mater. The following extract from the Edinburgh
Marriage Register relates to his marriage, but, as it stands, it is
inaccurate and misleading, as will afterwards be seen : — ' 1699,
Feb. 15. — Mr. John Bethune of Craigfudie, and Ann Verty
daughter of Mr. Andrew Vere, late minister at Mordingsyd^
[were proclaimed or married]. Urie, not Vere, was the name of
the lady's father, and the place of his ministrations was MuiR-
AVONSiDE, in Linlithgowshire — not Mordingsyd. Mr. Urie had
been curate of that parish under the Episcopal rkgime^ but after
the Revolution of 1688, he was, as the phrase goes, ^rabbled^
and had to leave it. Mr. Scott, in his Fasti^ stigmatises him as
having pointed out persons attending Conventicles in his parish
to be shot by the Government dragoons during that arbitrary
period. In 1704 we find Mr. John Bethune of Craigfoodie a
Commissioner of Supply for Fifeshire. Before July 7, 1 709, he
had become impecunious, of which date Craigfoodie was judici-
ally adjudged from him for debt by his brother-in-law, Charles
Bell, VV.S. Whether it was before or after this that he entered
holy orders, I am unable to say, but he became curate of St.
Michael, Cornhill, London, and chaplain to the Lock Hospital
(then situated at the south-east corner of Kent Street in South-
wark). He died April 17, 1734 (Gentleman^ s Mc^azine\ sur-
vived by his wife, Ann Urie, by whom he appears to have had a
large family. On Oct. 11, 1735, Ann Bethun, or Urie, widow of
John Bethune, curate, Ix)ndon, was served heir-portioner general
to her father, Andrew Urie, minister, Moravenside, the other co-
parcener being her sister, Elizabeth, the wife of Charles Bell
before mentioned. About this time, Andrew Bethune, curate at
Hartfield, was served heir of conquest to his brother, Charles, son
of John Bethune, curate, London, once of Craigfoodie \General
Reiours], Besides the sons mentioned above, Mr. John Bethune
had another named Andrew, who died in infancy of small-pox,
on July 24, 1704, and was buried the same day in the Greyfriars'
Churchyard, Edinburgh, * before Beaton's Tomb^ which belonged

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to the representatives of an eminent Writer to the Signet, Mr.
Alexander Beaton of Longherdmanston, and with whom the
family we have been giving an account of was consanguineous.

James Ronaldson Lvell.

A family of note of the name of Bedon now resides in South
Carolina, U. S. A. ; they are of Scottish extraction, and I think
the name must have been Beton or Bethune. J. G. B.

CCLX. Uniform of Caithness Fencibles. — A coloured print in my
possession shows the uniform as follows :— Coat, red with yellow
facings ; Vest, white ; Trousers, 42nd with a yellow stripe down
the inner seam of the leg. The headgear is the large black
feather bonnet, with a checquer of red and white, and a heckle
of white, yellow, and red shading into each other.

A plaid also of 42nd tartan is worn, passing across the breast
from the right shoulder.

The remaining item is a sporran^ which makes a very odd
effect, seeing that there is no kilt, but trousers.

Sir John Sinclair had this coloured print prepared at the
time the regiment was raised, 1795. A copy of it falling
into the hands of Sir David Wilkie when a boy made him a
painter {Life of Sir/, Sinclair), A. Millar.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Proceedings of the Edinburgh Bibliographical Society ^ 1892-93. — This
Society prospers, and the nature of the work done shows it can find
material for investigation and discussion. As books are our best friends,
it is natural we should study the rise and growth of printing and preparing
books for their future use after the author had done his task. Early
printers had not an easy time of it. The fathers of the craft were supposed
to be in league with the prince of darkness, though their business was
rather to scatter than encourage darkness. Next they were regarded as
disseminators of treason and heresy, and their freedom of action was
hampered by a suspicious and at times a tyrannical government; from
these latter annoyances or persecutions Scottish printers were not free.
Mr. Cowan's paper on * Andro Hart and his Press,* is full of interest.
Andro died in 1621, and was brought in contact with many notable
literary men. Drummond of Hawthornden, Napier of Merchiston, and
Sir William Alexander, afterwards Earl of Stirling. Mr. E. Gordon Duff
read a paper * On the Two First Books printed in the Scottish Language,'
printed, not in Scotland, but at Paris, in 1503 or thereabout. Both these
papers are illustrated with capital facsimile pages on tinted handmade
paper. Mr. J. P. Edmond shows a great deal of research in his ' Notes on the
Inventories of Edinburgh Printers, 157 7-1 603.* We may conclude that
this, the third report, shows that the Society is doing a most useful work.
Mr. G. P. Johnston, George Street, is the Secretary of the Society, and
with him its interests are in good hands.

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192 The Scottish Antiquary.

The Poet of Foets^ Edmund Spenser: London, Elliot Stock. Mr.
Grosart, who has edited the complete works of this great Elizabethan poet,
has produced a small volume of his * Love Verse from his Minor Poems.'
The selection is well made, and those who have not studied Spenser might
well begin with these selections, which are full of tenderness and grace.
What, for instance, can excel —

' For love is a celestial harmony
Of likely hearts composed of stars consent
Which joins together in sweet sympathy,
To work each other's joy and true content, *

We antiquaries rejoice that such literary treasures have been handed
down to us.

In appearance the volume matches Thoughts that Breathe^ noticed in
our last number, precious pocket books, which will come in well during
the summer holidays.

Folklore of Scottish Lochs and Springs^ by James M. Mackinlay.
Glasgow : William Hodge & Co. In noticing Mr. Hope's Holy Wells of
Englandy we expressed the hope that he would turn his attention to Scot-
land, but Mr. Mackinlay has taken up the subject and treated it well ; he
includes lochs also. In his prefatory note he states that his 'list makes no
claim to be exhaustive.* This leaves him material for another volume,
which we trust he will take in hand. While Mr. Hope arranged his matter
according to counties, Mr. Mackinlay offers us a history of the rise, growth,
and extent of worship of water in Scotland. That it was extensive we
have abundant evidence from the accounts of the parishes given in the
Origines Farochiales (which was unfortunately never finished). We could
from it compile a good list of wells dedicated to various saints, and supposed
to possess peculiar virtues. Mr. Mackinlay 's work deserves a large circu-
lation, and does credit to Messrs. Hodge & Co.'s taste in paper, type, and
binding.

The Making of a Banffshire Burgh — The Milnes of Banff. Banff
Journal Office. From Dr. Cramond's fertile pen we have two interesting
little books. The first, an account of the early history of Macduff. As
usual, his research is industrious, and the results are well applied, so that
to him the Burgh owes a capital history which deserves a more handsome
edition than the one he has issued. Surely Macduffians will see to this.
The second booklet is a short history of the Banffshire family of Milne.
In this case Dr. Cramond states that his paper, read before the Banffshire
Field Club, is a compilation from materials collected by a descendant of
the Banffshire Milnes. The arrangement of the work is good, and it is
a proof that family histories need not be uninteresting to the general-
reader.

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INDEX TO VOL. VIII

Accounts, Old, 77.
Angus, Earls of, iSo.
Armourers at Doune, 140*187.
Arms of Campbell of Ardeonaig,

87.
Athole, Earls of, 180.
Attainders, 1745-46, 139.

Barclay, Janet, 21.

Ben Jonson's visit to Edinburgh,

"3-
Bethune, Abbot of Melrose, 45.
Bleaching Greens, 39.
Both well Bridge, 40, 139.
Brass Branch Lights, 62, 170.
Breadalbane Fencibles, 141.
Burgess Tickets, 68.
Burial of an Old Scots Guard,

17a

Caithness Fencibles, Uni-
form OF, 191.

Caithness Highlanders, 141.

Camelodune, 61, 129.

Campbell of Hillhouse, 88.

Campvere, 80.

Caves, Artificial, 70.

Chaffee, 142.

Chest, Old, 78.

Clan Forbes, 137, 186.

Clan M'Ara, 88.

Cloth imported from Flanders,
86.

Communion Tokens, 18.

Cradle of James vi., i.

Cromwell removes Scotsmen, 20.

Denizens, 8.

Description of Scotland, Old, 77.
Diligence, Form of, 80.
Divming Rod, The, 49.
Douglas, Archibald, EnxLsdxJ^-
Douglas, Francis, Captain, 141.
Douglas George, 40.
Douglas' Regiment, 186.
Dmmmond's Watch, 169.
Dankeld Seal, Old, 170.

Englishmen in Scotland,

133-

Episcopalian Register at Leith,

125, 169.
Epitaph, Old, 67.

Family of Adamson, 43, 89.

Bailie of Dunain, 183.

Bailie of Lamington, 45,

Bennett, 44,

Bethune, 141, 187.

Blaw or Blow, 64.

Boyd, 24.

Bulloch, 40, 142, 185.

Campbell, 139.

Campbell of Ardchattan,

3. 64, 132.

Campbell of Auchman-

nock, 132.

Campbell of Glenlyon, 181.

Chaffee, 142.

Cochranes of Shillings-
worth, 40.

Colquhoun, 24.

Crichton, 139.

Cunynghame of Gilbert-
field, 138.

de Lardi, 184.

Denham of Westshields, 64.

•' Douglas of Tilwhilly, 88.

Drysdale, 43, 185.

Forbes, 43.

Forbes of CuUoden, 87.

Forbes of Newhall, 183.

Forbes of Rives, 90.

Glen, 88.

Gordon of Glenbucket, 43.

Grant, 181.

Gray, 139.

Horn, 142, 185.

Horn of Westhall, 89.

Hamilton of Bangour, 64.

Irving of Bonshaw, 15.

Irving of Skailes, 130.

Ker, 182.

Lawrie, 137.

Macdonell of Barrisdale,

--^163.

Maitland, 43, 91.

Mackgill, 43, 89.

Mirambel, 183.

Monro, 187.

Murray, 109, 166.

Orme, 43, 90.

Ramsay, 138.

Ross, 26.

Ross of Balniel, 44, 95,

142, 186.

Scrymgeour, 139.

Family of Stewart of Stenton,
20.

Stirling, 109, 166.

Stobo, 183.

Tod, John, 43.

■ Ves€y, ^82.
yes of

Forbes of Skellater, General,

184.
Foreigners made Denizens, 8, 58.

Genealogy, Pleasures of,

17.
Glass Makers, 15, 132.
Good Friday, 151.
Gretna Green, 21.
Groat Tombstone, The, 51, 162.

Haunted Tower, St. An-
drews, 159.

Inventory and Will of Sir
John Lyell, 162.

James vi.. Cradle of, i.

Kirk Session Records, 117.
Knox's Watch, 168.

Lothian, Archdeaconry of,
43-

Macdonell, Sir Jambs, 133,

145.
M*Harey of Kerss, 88.
Marriage Contracts, Old, 24.
Milnwnght, 182.
Murray, William, 20.

Notices of Books, Coinage of

Europe i 143.
County Families of Zetland

Isles, 143.
Cratl Churchyard, Me-
morials of 143.
Edinburgh Bibliographical

Society, 191.

English Topography, 47.

Folklore of Scottish fVells,

192.
Gentleman's Magazine

Library, 144.
Historic Episcopate in the

Diocese of Moray, 48.

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194

The Scottish Antiquary.

Notices of Books, Historical

Account of Bethunes of SkyCy

96.
History and Poetry of the

Scottish Borders, Atl-
History of Bulloch Family,

96.
Holy WeUs of England,

47.

London Signs, etc., 144.

Making of a Banffshire

Burgh, 192.

Mediceval Lore, 95.

Peel, its meaning, etc, , 96.

Poet of Poets, Edmund

Spencer, 192.

Tartans, Old and Rare, ^S.

Underground Life, The,

47.
WecUher Lore, 144.

Old Rhyme, 151.

Orkney Folk- Lore, 26, 53.

PALiEOLiTHic Weapons, 147.
Parish Registers, 175.
Peace Friday, 151.
Peace Tuesday, 87.

Racabo Undes, 183.

Records of Rebellion of 1745,

97.
Records, Preservation of Old,

172.
Regiment de Douglas, 184.
Regiments of Colonel Douglas

and Colonel Lockhart, 44.
Rhymer's Glen, 187.
Rhymer, Thomas the, 138.
RoUo, 179.
Ross, General, 14 u

St. Monans, 24-

Scots Guards, Names of, 172.

Scots in America, 131.
Scotsmen Removed from Eng-
land, 20.
Seal, Old Dunkeld, 170.
Smith of Bogend, 88.
Stirling Registers, 32, 82, 11,

173.
Stratheam, Earls of, 180.

Tinker Desperado, 166.
Tombstone, Ancient, 161.
Tombstone, Fordoun, 165.
Torphichen Refuge Stones, 102.
Tragic Romance, ill.

Visit to London in 1687,
152.

Watch of Drummond, 169.
Watch of John Knox, 168.
* We are three Jews,* ici.
Wishart*s, Dr., Will,

, 68.'*

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INDEX TO THE EARLS OF ROSS.

Note. — In fulfilnient of a promise formerly mcuU^ we give our readers a full Index to the valuable
account of the Earls of Ross and their descendants written by the late Mr. F. Neville
Rbid, which has appeared in Volumes iii., iv., v., vi., vii. and viii, of the ^Scottish
Antiquary ^^

Abdy, vii. 126.
Abercom, Margaret, v. 158.
Aberdeen, viL 126.
Abesteen, Catherine Elizabeth,

V. 6$.
Achaciaich, v. 156.
Achany, iv. 58.
Achiltie, v. 117, 156.
Achintowle, v. 157.
Achmoir, iv. 169.
Achnacloich (Ross oQ —

Eleanor, vi. 171.

George, vi. 170, 171.

Hugh, iv. 67, no; V. 57;
vi. 170, 171.

Janet, vi. 171.

Jean, vi. 171.

John, V. 32.

Katherine, iv. iia

Robert, iv. 170.
See also Toll^.
Achnagaim, iv. 104, 105; vi.

37 ; vii. 186.
Achnagyll, v. 34.
Abr, Hans, vi. 85.
Aikman, Andrew, iv. 66,

Elizabeth, iv. 66.

Albany, Robert, Duke of, iv. 7,

ID.

Aldie (Ross of>—

Andrew, iv. 107,

Ann, iv. 108.

David, iv. 108.

Duncan, iv. 108, 109.

Elizabeth, iv. 108.

George, iv. 109.

Hugh, iv. 59.

Isobel, iv. 108.

John, iv. 107, 108, 164;
V. 36.

Robert, iv. 108.

Sibilla, iv. 108.

Simon of Rosehill, iv. 108
and »•

Thomas, iv. 107, 108.

William, iv. 53 «., 58,
107, 108.
Aldyharves, iv. la
Allen, Anthoiw, vii. 17.
Allerton, v. 160,
Allonsty, viL 185.
Allt Charrais, iv. 9, 64.
Ahiess, iv. 9, 62; vi. 171 ; vii.

186.
Alnewick, v. 160.

Amherst, General, viiL 29.

Elizabeth, viii. 29.

— William Pitt, viii. 29.
Amherst's r^ment, iv. 109.
Anderson, John, v. 29.
Animadversions upon Raleigh's
History of the World, vii,
125.
Ankerville, Lord, iv. 54, 55, 70,
108 ; V. 64.

Margaret, iv. 54.

Estate, iv. 54.

and Easterfeam (Ross of) —

Alexander, iv. 59, 61, 103;

V. 63 J vi. 35.
Amelia, iv. 61.
Charlotte, iv. 61.
Christian, iv. 61.
David, iv. 59-61; v. 63;

vui. 29.
Edward, iv. 60.
Elizabeth, iv. 60, 61 ; v.

63.
Helen, iv. 61.
Hugh, iv. 59, 63 ; v. 31.
Isabella Mary Margaret, iv.

61.
Isobel, iv. 61.
Janet, iv. 60, 61.
Janet Gordon, v. 63.
Jean, iv. 6i.
John, iv. 61.
Margaret Gordon, v. 63.
Mana Ann, iv. 61.
Robert, iv. 59-61 ; vi. 35.
Thomas, iv. 59.
Walter, iv. 59-61.
William, iv. 55, 59-61 ; v.

63.
See also Easterfearn.
Annat, lands of, iv. 13, 105.
(Ross of and in) —

Alexander, iv. 164.

Ferquhar, iv. 164.

Hugh, iv. 164.

John, V. 29.

Robert, iv. 164.
Anstruther*s Regiment, v. 65.
Applecross monastery, iv. 2 n,
Ardblair, iv. 164; v. 158.
Ardgye (Ross in) —

Alexander, iv. 165.

David, iv. 165.

Farquhar, iv. 164.

Hugh, iv. 165.

Ardgye (Ross VD)—contd,

John, iv. 164, 165.

William, iv. 10, 55, 164,
165.

Ardinsh, vii. 185.
Ardullie, vii. 185.
Arkboll, iv. 12, 102.
Arlington, Earl 6f, vii. 18.
Arran, Earl of, v. 28.
Athole, David, Earl of, iv. 4.

John, Earl of, vii. 183.

Walter, Earl of, iv. 5.

Auchinlony, vii. 183.
Augustus, King of Poland, iv.

59.
Auldearn, iv. 3.

battle of, vi. 35.

Austen, Master, viii. 28.
Awath, vi. 32, 33, 169.
Aylisham, v. 161.

Babbuf, vi. 40.
Bacinet, v. 161.
Badfearn, v. 34.
Baillie, Alexander, writer, vi.

36.

of Knockbreak, iv.

167.

— George, iv. 57.

Major James, v. 64.

Katherine, iv. 59.

William, of Ardmore, iv.

54.
of Knockbreak, iv.

59, 167.
Bam, Alexander, of Knockbain,

iv. 166.
Jean, iv. 1 10.

— Thomas, iv. no.
Bakel in Brabant, vi. 86.
Balblair, iv. 67 ; vii. 185.
(Ross of)—

Andrew, iv. 73, 74.

David, iv. 73.

Elizabeth, iv. 74.

George, iv. 73.

Hugh, iv. 74.

John, iv. 74.
Balchroggan, vii. 185.
Balfour, Willemyne, v. 119.
Balkeith, iv. 106.
Balkeny, vi. 33.
Ballavraid, v. 157.
Ballellone, v. 157.
Ballintore, iv. 62.

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Index to The Earls of Ross.

Ballintraid (Ross of aAd in)—
Alexander, iv. 165.
David^ iv. 165.
Donald, iv. 165. !

Margaret, iv. 165.
Thomas, iv. 165.
William, iv. 165. i

Ballivat (Ross oO, iv. 165.
Ballone, Balon or Bellon (Ross
of and in) —

Alepcander, iv. 166.
Andrew, iv. 166.
Angus, iv. 165.
Donald, iv. 165.
Hugh, iv. 165.
Nicholas, iv. 165.
Walter, iv. 165.
Balmachy, iv. 64, 72.

(Ross of)—

Agnes, iv. 73, 109.
Alexander, iv. 72.
Andrew, iv. 73.
Bridgett, vii. 15.
David, iv. 73, 109; v. 33,

62 ; vi. 173.
Donald, iv, 72, 73 ; v. 62 ;

vL 172.
Elizabeth, vii. 15.
George, iv. 73 ; v. 62 ; vi.
172, 173; vii. 15; viii.
27.
Hugh, iv. 13, 72, 73 ; v.
62; vi. 172, 173, 174;
viii. 27.
Issobell, V. 62.
James, iv. 73 ; vi. 172 ; vii.

15.17.
Jane, vii. 15.
John, iv. 73, «.; vi, 172.
Katrene, v. 62; vi, 173;

vii. 15.
Margaret, vi. 173 ; vii. 15,

16.
Mary, iv. 73 ; vii. 15.
Robert, vi. 173, 174; vii.

15, 16; viii. 28.
Sara, vii. ij.
Thomas, vi. 172; vii. 15.

18.
Walter, iv. 73 ; v. 27, 30,

62; vi. 172; vii. 15.
William, iv. 73 ; v. 62 ;
vii. 15, 17.
Balmaduthie, v. 27.
Balmerino, John, Lord, iv,

169.
Balnagal, iv. 108 ; v. 34.
Balnagore, v. 63.
Balnagown (Ross of) —

Agnes, iv. 9, 10; v. 58;

vi. 169.
Alexander, iv. 9-12, 73 ;

V. 28, 29, 35 ; vi. 33.
Andrew, iv. 9.
Christian, iv. 10.

Balnagown (Ross oiy—contd, I

David,iv. 9-12, 53, 55,61,1
72, 110, 165.167, 171,1
172 ; V, 34, 35, 38, 60-
62, 117, 122, 158; vi.
171.

Donald, iv. 9.

George, iv. 102, 163, 167 ;
V. 122 ; vi. 34. j

Hugh, iv. 4, 8, 9,63; v.!

Isobel, iv. 10, II ; vi. 169. '
Janet, iv. 10.
Jean, iv. 8, ii.
John, iv. 9, 62 ; v. 62.
Katherine, iv. 10, 11 ; vi.

33-35.
Malcolm, iv. 9, 10.
Margaret, v. 62.
Munella, iv. 11.
Thomas, iv. 9.
Walter, iv. 9, 10, 102 ; v.

"7. 123.
William, iv. 8, 9, 55.
Balnespeck, iv. 53.
Balniel, vi. 38.

Balon or Bellone, iv. 64.66, 72.
Bamburgh, v. 160.
Banister, Sir EdWard, vii. 125.
Bannockbum, iv. 3.
Barbour, James, iv. 62.

Margaret, iv. 62.

Barclay, Sir David de, iv. 5.
Elizabeth, of Culeme, vii.

183.
John, iv, 4,; V. 156; vi.

169.

Margaret, iv. 8.

Countess of Caith-
ness, iv. 5.

Robert, t. 157.

Barrowe, John, viii. 28.

Margery, viii. 28.

Bastwick, Dr. John, vii. 18.
Batavia, vi. 86.
Bayne, Andrew, vi. 36.

Jean, vi. 37.

Margaret, iv. 172.

of TuUoch, vi. 37.

Beauclerk, Lord George, iv. 71.
Beebenaus, Mary, v. 120.
Beest, Lt.-Col. Joshua van, v.

122.
Belintom, v. ij;8.
Bellacherrie, vii. 184.
Belladuth, v. 157.
Belladrum, iv. 103.
Bellamuckie, v. 61, 156.
Bellamuckie, Walter, iv. 62.
Bellinger, iv. 163.
Bellone. See Balon.
Belmaduthy, v. 36.
Bergen, vii. 127.
Bergen-op'Zoom, v. 121 ; vi. 81
Berkread, Colonel, vii. 18.

Berlin, vi. 84, 85.
Berwick, v. 161.
Beton, Daniel, minister of Ross-
keen, iv. 173.
Bichard, Amelia Rachel, v. 32.

Rev. T. G., V. 32.

Blaksale, Adam of, v. 159.
Blyth, V. 160.
BommeT, v. 118-120.
Bonmayres, iv. 165.
Bonn University, 'vi. 85.
Borr6wman, James, iv. 54.
•^— Margaret, iv. 54.
Bothwell, Earl of, iv. r^.
Boyd, Captain, v. 118.
Boyle, John, Lord, vii. 185.
Brahan, v. 35.
Bramford, viii. 27.
Bramshill, vii. 126.
Brandt, Mina, vii. 127.
Brealangwell, iv. 57.
(Ross of)—

Anna, iv. 58.

Anne, iv. 59.

Elizabeth, iv. 59.

Georgina, iv. 59.

Helen, iv. 58.

Hugh, iv. 57.59, 108, and
«.; V. 60.

Isabella, iv. 59.

Margaret, iv. 59.

Mary, iv. 59.

Sibella, iv. 59.

Simon, iv. 58.

Walter, hr. 58 ; vi. 170.

William, iv. 58.
Breda, v. 1 19, 120.
Brefa, Margaret, v. 119.
Brinkman, Catherine Gertrude,

vi. 82.
Broadfoord, iv. 57.
Brodie, Thomas, vi. 38.
Brody, William, of Whytwray,

iv. no.
Brora, v. 157.
Broune, Agnes, v. 158.
Browne, Letitia, iv. 53.

Sir Thomas, vii. 125.

Bruce, Major, ▼.12a

Alexander, Earl of Carrick,

iv. 3.

Edward, Earl of Carrick,

iv. 3.

Elizabeth, iv. 104.

Lady Maud, iv. 4.

Brussack, Elizabeth, iv. 13.
Buchan, Earl of. See Comyn,

Earldom, iv. 6.

Budberg, vi. 84.

Billow, Margaretha Luise von,

vi. 86.
Buonarroti, Antonia, vi. 40.

Faustina, vi. 40.

Filippo, vi. 39, 40.

Leonardo, vi. 39, 4a

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Index to The Earls of Ross.

Buonarroti, Michelangelo, vi. 39.
. Burke, Hoaora, iv. 13.
Buschen, Margaretha, vi. 82.
Byres, David, iv. 70.
Bjseth, William de, iv. 2.
Byth, lands of, iv. 8.

Cadboll. See Catboll.
Caithness, Alan, Earl of, iv. 5.

David, Earl of, iv. 5.

John, Earl of, iv. 10.

Marjory, Countess of, iv. 6.

Waller, Earl of, iv. 5. .

Calrichies, iv. 105.
Calrossie, iv. 6a
(Ross oO—

Alexander, iv. 55.

Elizabeth, iv. 55.

John, iv. 55 ; vi. 170.

Katherine, iv. 55 ; v. 62.

Malcolm, v. 63.

Thomas, iv. 55, 61 ; v. 62,
122.
Cambascurry, iv. 10, 57, no,

165; V. 61, 169, 17a
Cameron, Serjeant John, v. 121.

John, vi. 172.

William, vi. 172.

Campbell, Charles, v. 118.

Colin, of Delnies, iv, 68.

Duncan, of Boath, iv. 10.

Elizabeth, iv. 65.

Janet, iv. .67.

John, of Calder, iv. 1 1 ;

vi. 35 ; viii. 32.

Margaret, iv. 68.

Margery, vi. 34.

Marian, iv. 11.

William, of Delnies, iv.65.

Canorth, vi. 34. .
Cardoll, John, vii. 18.
Carisbrooke, vii. 124, 126.
Camecors, William, v. 35.
Carrick, Earl of. Set Bruce.
Carroll, iv. 58.
Cassimbazar, vi 83.
Caston, James, iv. 57 ; vii. 16.
Catboll, iv. 166 ; v. 36, 58, 1 58.
Cattanach, Alexander, in Delnies,

iv. 63.
Cavallier, James, v. .118.
Celevermayl, v. 161.
Chadwick, Samuel, viii. 30.
Chandemagore, vi. 86.
Chapel de fer, v. 161.
Charles i., vi. 172, 173 «., 174 ;

vii. 16, 17, 18 »., 124.
Charles 11., iv. 65 and //. ; vii.

124; viii. 31.
Chazin, Edmund, viii. 27.
Chen, Reginald de, vi. 32 and n.
Chesson, John B., v. 32.
Chisholm, Christian, iv. 64.
Christian^ TJuy vii. 125.
Christian VII. of Denmark, v. 66.

Christina, wife of Olaus, King oflCooper, W. R., viii. 29.

Man, iv. 2, 9 and »,
Cinlich or Cunlich (Ross of) —

Alexander, iv. 109 fi., no.

David, iv. no.

Elizabeth, iv. no.

Hugh, iv. 107, iia

John, iv. no.

Nicholas, iy. i lo,

Nicol, iv. 109 ».

Robert, iv. 1 10.

Walter, iv. 1 10.
Clarke, Elizabeth, viii. 28.

Richard, viii. 28. .

Clephane, Alesone, v. 31.
Qiffbrd, Charles, viiL 31.
Cloggan in Strathbqg, v. 56.
Clunes, Agnes, v. 34.

Alex., of Dunskeath, vi.

36.

of Easter Gany, iv.

168.

^ of Newtaine, v. 34-

Helen, v. 119, 12a

Isobell, iv. 168.

John, V. 33.

Jean, vi. 36.

Margaret, v. 33.

William, v. 155.

Clynes, v. 157 ; vii. 187.

Corbat, Elspet, iv. 16S.

James, of Balnagall, v. 34.

John, of Little Ranie, iv.

51, 168.
— T Katherine, iv. 51, 53, 55,

64, 168.

William, iv! 168.

Corsini, Adelaide, vi. 38.

Prince Tommaso, vi, 38.

Cotiller, John le, v, 159.

William le, v. 159.

Coupar, David, iv. 170.

Courtray, v. n9, 121.

Cox, Alfred, New 2^ealand, iv.

107.

Jane Wilson, iv. 107.

Craigam, iv. 2.
Cramer, Sibilla, vi. 82.
Crawford, Christina, of Kerse,

vi. 172.

George, v. 117.

Jean, vii. 185.

Margaret, vi. 169.

Ronald, of Restalrig, iv.

55 «. ; vi. 169.
Patrick, of Achmanes, vi.

169.
Creich, vii. 184.
Cromarty, vii. 186 ; viii. 30.

Cochrane; John, of Ravelrig, iv. castle, iv. 62.

54f 55 ; vi. 169. George, Eari of, iv. 58.

Margaret, iv,.54. Cruickshank, John, iv. 67, 74.

0)ckburn, John, of Rowchester, Crumbathy, lands of, iv. 4.

iv. 70. Cuffield, vii. 126.

Major William, iv. 104.

Coke, Secretary, viii. 31.
Colyear, General, v. 118, 122.
Comyn, Jean, iv. 2.
John, Earl of Buchan, vi.

Mar^ret, iv. 3.

William, Earl of Buchan,

iv. 2, 3.
Coningham, Sir David, vL 173

and n. ; vii. 16 ; viii. 26, 28.
Conti, Countess of, vi. 38-40.

Cosimo Maurizio, vi. 38.

Michelangel, vi. 38.

Elisabetta, vi. 38.

Carolina, vi. 38 and n,

— Emilia, vi. 38.

— Filippa, vi. 38.

Gino Ginori, Prince of Tre-

vignana, vi. 39.
Giovanni Guiseppe Pas-

quale, vi. 38.

Maria Anna Teresa, vi. 38.

Luisa, vi. 39.

Piero, vi. 39.

Ugo, vi. 39.

tomb, Hampstead, vi. 37.

Conway or Cormay, Francis, viii.

28.
Cooper, Gray, viii. 29.

Culcame, iv. n ; vii. 186.

Culkengie, lands of, iv. 172.

Cullicudden, vii. 183.

Cullys or Culliss, iv. 9, 54, 70.

Culmaly, vii. 182.

Culmalachie, vii. 186.

Culnahall, v. 28.

Culnauld, iv. 57.

Culrain, iv. 106.

Culy, William de, vi. 33.

Gumming, Anna, v. 150.

Elizabeth, iv. 172 ; v. 66.

Cumjrn. See Comyn.
Cunningham, Colonel, v. 119,

122. See also Coningham.
Cuthbert, William, of Castle

Hill, vii. 183.
Cuttle, vii 182.

Daan, lands of, iv. 56 and ft.

(japtain Re

Dalhome, iv. 56.

- Captain Ross of, v. 6^*

56 an
►f, V. (

Dallas, James, of Balblair, iv.

73-

John, Dean of Ross, iv. 66.

Lilias, iv. 66.

Dalnaclevach, lands of, iv. 173.
Dairy mple, Sir Hugh, vii, 185.

Margaret, vii. 185.

Robert, vii. 185.

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Index to The Earls of Ross.

Dameine, vi. 174.
Darlington, v. 160.
Davidson, Duncan, vi. 37.

Henry, vi. 37 ; vii. 37.

Isobel, V. 59,

James, provost of Dundee,

iv. 52 ; V. 59.

John, of Buchies, iv. 59.

Justina, vi. 37 and n.

Day, William Stuart, iv. 107.
Delnies, iv. 3, 63, 65, 165.
Denovane, Alex., v. 34.

Andrew, v. 34.

Cristiane, v. 34.

— ^ David, V. 34.

Elspeth, V. 34.

Issobell, V. 34.

Janet, v. 34.-

John, V. 34.

Kathrine, v. 34.

William,v. 34.

Denune (Denone, Denoon),

David, V. 34.

Sir Donald, v. 58.

John, of Cadboll, iv. 10 ;

v. 29, 30.

Tain, v. 34.

Margaret, v. 33.

William, v. 34, 58.

Dibidale, iv. 53; v. 32, 64,

and n.
Dingwall, iv. 3.

bailie, v. 63.

Janet, v. 63.

Roderick, v. 62.

Thomas, iv, 165 ; v. 58.

Dochmaluak, iv. 10, 56.

Donardbag, v. 158.

Doncaster, v. 160.

Donee, viii. 31.

Douglas, Hector, of Mulderg,

iv. 13, 66, 164 ; vii. 184.

Isobel, iv. 66.

Jean, vi. 172; vii. 15.

Margaret, iv. 12.

Walter, v. 33.

Downie, lands of, iv. 1 1.
Dresden, vi. 85.
Drokenesford, Sir John de, v.

158, 160.
Drugellie, v. 27.
Drum of Fearne, iv. 12 ; v. 62.
Drumgellie, iv. 56, 66, 67, 72 ;

V. 64.
Drummeddeth, iv. 102.
Drumnalochan, v. 157.
Duden, Bemhard Everard, vi.

82.
Duff, Alex., of Drummuir, iv.

170.

Anna, 68 n,

Duffus, Lord, iv. 52 ; vi. 169.

Laird of, vii. 182.

Duisburg, vi. 81, 82, 84.
Dulton, Mr., vii. 18.

Dttmfries, Countess of, iv. 55;

vi. 170.
Dumphail, iv. 58.
Dunbar, Alex., of Munness, iv.

12.

David, of Priesthill,iv. 165.

of Dumphail, iv. 58.

Elizabeth, iv. 165.

Grisel, iv. 64 n, ; v. 30.

Helen, iv. 58.

Isabella, v. 60.

James, of Dalcross, v. 34.

of Tarbart, iv. 169.

Jean, iv. 12, 51, 52.

John, of Burgie, iv. 14;

vi. 169.

of Moyness, vii. 184.

Lilias, iv. 105.

Marjory, iv. 172 ; v. 66.

Nance, vi. 36.

Naomi, iv, 14.

Sir Patrick, of Sidera, iv.

51.

Susanna, vi. 169.

Dunbar Castle, iv. 3.
Duncan, John, iv. 69.
Dundalk, battle of, iv. 3.
Dundas, Robert, of Amistoun,

vii. 185.
Dunfermline, monks of, iv. i.
Dunkirk, vi. 172.
Dunskaith, iv. 64; v. 28, 29.
Dunstable, v. 1^9.
Durand, John, iv. 107.
Durham, v. 160.

battle of, iv. 4, 5.

Dumes, v. 155.

Dutch East India Co., vi. 86.

Duthace, St., iv. 3, 4 and ».

Easterfearn, iv. 55, 61.
See also Ankerville and Easter-
fearn.
Easter Geanies or Gany (Ross
oO—

Alexander Clunes, iv. 168.

Walter, iv. 168.
Edderton, v. 157.

(Ross in), then of Rives

and Priesthill —

Arthur, iv. 166 and ;/., 167.

David, iv. 166.

Jean, iv. 167.

John, V. 158.

^Catherine, iv. 167.

Thomas, iv. 167.

William, iv. 167.
Edward I., iv. 2.
Eglemans, Mary van, v. 120,

121.
Eister Alane, lands of, iv. 8.
Elderton, M. E., iv. 68.

Matilda, iv. 68.

Ellandonan, iv. 8.
Embo, vi. 171; vii. 184.

Emmott, Richard, vii. 186.

Walter Green, vii. 186.

Erskine, Captain, v. 121.

Sir Alexander, of Cambo,

V. 65.

David, of Cardross, vi. 169.

William, of Cardross, iv.

55.

Esbolg, iv. 103.

Esch, Rev. Henry, vi. 84.

Euphemia, Queen, iv. 5.

Euran, Magdalene Elisabeth,
V. 66.

Evangelical churches in West-
phalia, vi. 84.

Evers, T. E., vi. 84.

Eversley, vi. 174; vii. 126,

Exelmans, Mary, v. 120.

Eye, vi. 81, 170. See also
Fychie.

Fabbri, Count Luigi, vi. 39.

Paolina, vi. 39.

Fairely, John, viii. 27.

Fanintraid, v. 64.

Faria, Lucia Diaz, vi. 39 n.

Faro, Portugal, v. 65.

Farquharson, George, viiL 30.

Fearn, David, of Tarlogie, iv.
60 n,

Isobel, iv. 60 n.

Fell, David, of Caversham
Grove, iv. 107,

Euphemia Louisa, iv.

107.

Ferguson, Bessie, iv. 107, 109.

John, iv. 107, 109 ; v. 36.

Ferncrosky, iv. 3.

Feme, v. 158.

Abbey, iv. I, 64, 70; v.

2830, 56, 57, 158.

Alexander, v. 33.

Andrew, v. 33.

Anna, v. 60.

Helen, v. 158.

James, minister of Fraser-
burgh, V. 60.

Fitzwarren, William, vi. 31 w.

Fleming, Elizabeth, iv. 72.

Flode, V. 158; vii. 185.

Forbes, A., viii. 27.

Duncan, of CuUoden, iv.

52.

Griselda, iv. 52.

John, viii. 27.

Katherine, vi. 169.

Margaret, iv. 13.

William, v. 1 19.

Forres burgh records, extracts

from, V. 155.
Forrester, Alexander, of Culnald,

iv. 13.

John, V. 156.

— of Culnauld, vi. 36,

Fortrose, vi. 36, 37.

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Index to The Earls of Ross.

Foulis, Katberine, Lady, vi. 33-

35.
Fowler, Donald, v, 156.
Fox, Sir Stephen, viii. 27.
Fraser, Sir Alex. , of Cowie, iv.

Anne, iv. 105.

Dora Loraine, vi. 37.

Duncan, of Achnagairn, iv.

104, 105 ; vii. 186.

Hector, v. 157.

Hugh, of Belladrum, iv.

38.

See Lovat, Lord.

James, of Pitkellyan, iv.

65.

John, in Kinkell, iv. 63.

of Spring Gardens,

viii. 30.

of Glenvacky, v. 156.

of Achnagairn, vi. 37.

V. 118, 120; viii. 29.

Katherine, iv. 104; v. 156;

vii. 186.

Margaret, iv. 103.

Maria, iv. 11.

William, v. 118.

of Mullochie, iv. 169 ;

v. 156.
writer, Edinburgh, v.

35.
Frauleen, Johanna, v. 121.
Frademburg, Bernard, vi. 82.
Frederica Louisa, vi. 83.

Wilhelmina, vi. 83.

Frederick William, of Prussia,

vi. 83, 84.
French, Sophia, iv. 59.
Friwater forest, vi. 171.
Fychie, Little Allan, and Eye
(Ross of)—

Alexander, iv. 64, 102, 109.

Angus, iv. 1 10.

Charles, iv. 109, 1 10.

David, iv. no.

Donald, iv. 109.

George, iv. 109.

Hugh, iv. no.

}ames, iv. 109.
ohn, iv. 109, no.
Simon, iv. 1 10.
Thomas, iv. no.
Walter, iv. 73, 109.
William, iv. 9, 63,

Galdie, Donald, v. 156.
Gall, Colonel, iv. 54.

Marian, iv. 54.

Gallie, Margaret, iv. 74.
Galtres forest, vii. 16.
Gambessoun, v. 161.
Gany or Ganies. See Geanies.
Gassendorf, vi. 85.
Gastenatus, son of the Earl of
Mar, vi. 31, and ».

Gavitie, vii. 184.

Geanies or Ganies, v. 28, 36.

See also Easter Geanies : Mid

Geanies : Wester Geanies.
Gello, vi. 38.
George ii., vi. 37.
Gerloch, iv. 9.
Gibraltar, v. 65.
Gibson, Donald, v. 33.
Gilchrist, Dugald, of Ospisdale,

iv. 14, 69.

John, iv. 62.

Katherine, iv. 14.

Gingibo, v. 159.
Ginori, Giovanni, vi. 38.
Gladfield, Simon, iv. 58.

Hugh, iv. 59.

Glasgow, David, Earl of, vii.

185.
Glastulich, v. 158. See also

M'CuUoch.
Glencanish, iv. 59.
Glendinning, Janet, V. 156.
Glenvacky, v. 156.
Goodsir, John, iv. 53.
Goosedales, vi. 35.
Gordon, Colonel, v. 118; vi. 172.
Adam, Earl of Sutherland,

vii. 182.

Sir Adam, iv. 7 n,

Alex. , of Sidderay, vii.

183.

Elizabeth, iv. 163.

George, viii. 3a

Sir George, vii. 185.

Helen, vi. 172.

Jane, vii. 185.

John, of Carroll, iv. 58.

of Embo, vi. 171;

vii. 184.

of Gavitie, vii. 184.

Joseph, viii. 30.

Sir L., of Southerland,

vii. 126.
Margaret, iv. 169 ; v. 35 ;

vi. 171.

Lady Mary, iv. n.

Robert, vii. 184.

Sir William, of Invergor-

don, iv. 25.
Gorger, v. 161.
Gorges, Sir Arthur, vi, 173.

— Edward, Lord, vi. 173.
Graham, Charles, vi. 37.

— Sir David, iv. 4.
George, v. 156.

Margaret, wife of Hugh,

Earl of Ross, iv. 4, 8.
Grant of Balintoune, iv. 53.

Duncan, iv. n.

John, iv. 53.

of Balhntome, v. 64

and ft,
of Dalrachney, v. 64

Grant, John, of F^euchie, v.

117.
Sir John James, iv. 10 ; v,

117.

Mary, iv. 9.

Sara, viii. 28.

Thomas, vi. 39.

Grantham, vii. 15 ; viii. 26,
Gray, Alexander, v. 57; viii.
29.

Bessie, v. 36.

David, V. 61.

George, of Creich, vii. 184.

Hugh, vii. 185.

James, vii. 185.

John, in Arboll, v. 36 ; vii.

184.

of Newmore, vii. 185.

in Newtown, v, 61.

Margaret, iv. 57.

Mary, iv. 57; v. n7.

Patrick, iv. n.

Robert, vii, 185.

— of Creich, v. 27.

William, in Spainzeedale,

vii. 184.
Gray of Skibo and Over Skibo—

Alexander, iv. 105 ; vii.
182-186; viii. 29, 30.

Andrew, vii. 182, 183.

Anna, vii. 184.

Bessie, vii. 183, 184.

Caroline, vii. 186.

Christian, vii. 184, 186.

Ellen, vii. 184, 186.

George, iv. 104, 108; vii.
184, 185.

Gilbert, vii. 183, 184.

Harriet Susanna, vii. 186.

Helen, vii. 184.

Issobel, vii. 185.

James, viL 183, 187.

Jane, vii. 183, 185.

Janet, vii. 184, ifo.

John, vii. 182-185.

Katherine, vii. 186.

Luq^, vii. 184, 185/

Patrick, vii. 183.

Sir Patrick, vii. 182.

Robert, vii. 183-185.

Sir Thomas, vii. 187.

William, vii. 183, 185, 186.

minister of Assynt,

vii. 187.

treasurer of Caithness,

vii. 187.
Green, George, vii. 186.
Greenyards, iv. 52, 57.
Gregory xvi., vi. 38.
Grove, Captain Joseph John, iv,

55 and n.
Gunn, David, v. 56,

Hague State Archives, ex-
tracts from, v. 121.

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Google

Index to Tlie Earls of Ross.

Hakett, Lieut. -Col., v. ii8.
Haldane, Captain David, v. 64.

John, of Aberathven, v. 64.

Haldimand, Will., viii. 52.

Brigade-General, viii. 32.

Halidon Hill, battle of, iv. 4.
lialket, Colonel, v. 122.
Halkelt, Rev. D. S., iv. 107.
• Katheriue Euphemia, iv.

107.
Halsey, viii. 31.
Hamilton, William, of Sanquhar,.

V. 28.
Hanley Castle, viii. 28.
Hans Loo estates, vi. 85.
Harlaw,*iv. 7.
Harris, Lady, viii. 29.
Harrison, Charlotte, v. 32.

William, v. 32.

Harvey, Margaret, v. 156.
Hay/ Charles, of Hopes, v. 35.

Elizabeth, iv. 64.

Emily Henrietta, iv. 55.

Thomas, abbot of Glenluce,

iv. 102.
lleligenhoven, vi. 174.
Henderson, Elizabeth, v. 157.
Henelay, Walter of, v. 159.
Henley, Sir Andrew, vi. 174.

Mr. Andrew, vii. 126.

Hermani-Werthebruch, vi. 84.
Hertford, Earl of, vii. 124, 125.
Herzogenbosch, v. 1 19.
Hoymans, Anna Catharina, vi.

84.
•Highfield, iv. 62.
Hill, A. F., iv. 67.
Hilton, v. 58; vii. 185.

John, iv. 61.

Hinchman, Dr., vii. 18.
Hintre, Israel Gotthelf, vi. 82.
History 0/ the World, vii. 125.
Holland, Register of Scotch Ke-

giments in, v. 120.
Holmer, Will., viii. 3a
Homberg, vi. 84.
Hood,> Helen, iv. 165.
Hoofman, Kathrine, v. 78.

Mary Kathrine, v. 120.

Hoogly Factory, vi. 82.
Hooper, G. H., v. 33.

Rev. Robert Poole, v. 33.

Hopton, viii. 31.
Homer, Nancy, v. 32.
Hospittill, vii. 183.
Hossak, Alexander, v. 156.
Houston, Ann, v. 56.

Anna, vii. 186.

Colonel, V. 118.

. Hugh, vii. 186.

Katherine, vii. 186.

Thomas, \4i. 186.

Hume, Captain, v. 118.

• r Susan, iv. 61.

Hurchard, vi. 32, 33.

INCHCOLM, Island of, iv. 7.
Inglis, Helen, v. 33. ■

Innershin, v. 157. |

Innes, Agnes, iv. 165.

Alex., of Catboll, v. 58, 59.

Elizabeth, v. 31 ; vi. 34.

James, v. 62.

of Cairossie, iv. 56 ;

vi. 17a '

_ of Lightnet, vi. 169.

Janet, iv. 57.

Margaret, iv. 56 ; vi. 172.

Sir Robert, of Innes, vi.*

169.

Walter, v. 63. ,

of loverbreaky, iv. 57. •

William, iv. 63.

• of Calrossie» iv. 163.

Innocent vi.. Pope, iv. 4. \

Inschefiiir, v. 156.
Inverbreakie, iv. 52, 57; v. 31.
Invercharron, iv. 54-56, 63. 1

(Ross of) —

Ada, iv. 57, 63.
Alexander, iv. 55-57, 63 ;

V. 35.
Ann, 64 ». '

Charles, iv. 54, 58. \

Christian, iv. 57.
David, iv. 56-58, 62; v.

64, and n,
David, Sir, of Broadfoord,'

iv. 57.
Donald, iv. 56.
Effie, iv. 56. I

Elizabeth, iv. 58 ; v. 64.
George, iv. 56, 58.
' Hannah, iv. 58.

Helen, iv. 58 ; v. 64.
I Hugh, iv. 56, 57; vi. 170.!

Hughina, iv. 58. ,

Isobel, iv. 57, 66 ; V. 64.
I Janet, iv. 57, 58, 63.

John, iv. 56.
Katherine, iv. 57, 58.
Margaret |anet, iv. 58.
Nicholas, iv. 56.
Robert, iv. 57.
Thomas, iv. 56.
Walter, iv. 56, 57, 63.
William, iv. 52, 54.58, 63,

66 ; v. 29, 35, 64.
Inverchasiey, iv. 11, 14, 51, 52.

(Ross of)—

Alexander, iv. 168 ; vi. 81.
Ann, iv. 54, 58 ; v. 64.
Charles, iv. 53, 54 ; v. 64,

65, 123.
David, iv. 14, 52-54, and

«., 58, 60 »., 66, 70,

108; V. 32, 33, 57,61,

64 and »., 122; vi. 81,

82, 170.
Elizabeth, iv. 54.
George, iv. i68.

Inverchasiey (Roi>s oQ — coftid,

Isobel, V. 64 and //.

James, iv. 54.

Jane, iv. 54.

Jean, iv. 54; v. 61, 64.

John, iv. 54.

Laurence, iv. 54.

Malcolm, iv. 53 ; v. 122
and n.

Margaret, iv. 54 ; v. 64.

Marian, iv. 54.

Mary, v. 64 and /i.

Mary Ann, iv. 54.

Robert Ferguson, iv. 54.

Ronald Crawford Fergu-
son, iv. 54.
Invereshie, iv. 65.
Inverleal, iv. 11, 62, 165.
Inverness, vi. 31, 32.
Inverness Sasines, extracts from,

V. 155.
Ipre, V. 118, 121.
Isla, John de, iv. 8.
Isselburg, vi. 82, 84.

Jamberis. v. 161.

James i., Murder of, iv. 5.

James v., vi. 170//.

James vi., v. 29, 30, 33; vii.

183.
Jameson, Helen, v. 29.
Janet, iv. 71.

John XXII., Pope, iv. 3, 4.
Johnston, G., of Skerrins, iv. 14.

Sarah, iv. 14.

Walter Ros, v. 31 n.

Jong, Anne de, v. 120.

Johanna de, v. 120.

Junes. See Clunes.

Keandloch, iv. 65.

Keandruife, v. 27.

Keith, Ann, v. 157 ; viii. 29.

Elizabeth, viii. 28, 29.

Helen, iv. 10, 55.

James, viii. 28.

Peter, viii. 28, 29.

Keppel, Hon. Augustus, vi. 37.
Kerse, iv. 67; vi. 172. See also

Skeldon.
Kilchrist, vii. 184.
Kilmaine, Lord, iv. 53.
Kilmuir, iv. 102.
Kilravock. See Rose.
Kilteam, iv. 25.
Kincardine (Ross in)—

Alexander, iv. 168.

Charles, iv. 168.

David, iv. 169.

Donald, iv. 168.

Janet, iv. 169.

John, iv. 168.

Margaret, iv. 169.

Robert, iv. 168.

Walter, iV, 168.

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Index to The Earls of Ross,

Kincraig, iv. 62.
Kindeace (Ross of) —

Alexander, iv. 52, 170 ; v.
65, 66, 122, 123.

Andrew, iv. 53.

Anna, iv. 53.

Anne, iv. 53.

Caroline, iv. 53.

Charles, iv. 169.

Christian, iv. 52, 57.

David, iv. 52, 168 ; v, 57,
64, 122 ; vi. 36.

David M*CuUoch, iv. 51.

Donald, iv. 169, 170.

Duncan, iv. 13, 52.

Duncan Forbes, iv. 52.

Elizabeth, iv. 170.

George, iv. 169.

Grace, iv. 53.

Hi^h, iv. 53, 169, 170; V.
35. 122.

James Caulfield Innes
Munro, iv. 53.

Lieut. James, v. 122.

{can Rose, iv. 53.
ohn, iv. 52, 53, 169; V.

122, 123.
Katherine, iv. 52, 170.
Letitia, iv. 53.
Malcolm, iv. 12, 15, 51-

53. 55»57. 168, 170; V.

59, 65, 122, 123, 157.
Margaret, vi. 36.
Mary, v. 65.

Innes, iv. 52.

Nicholas, iv. 52 ; v. 122,

123.
Paul Alexander, or Walker,!

V. 66.
Peter Vilhclm, v. 66.
Thomas, iv. 52; v. 122,

123-
Walter, iv. 169, 170,
William, iv. 51, 52, 169;
V. 122.
King, Mrs., vii. 126.
Kingsteinton, vii. 18.
Kingston-on-Thames, vi. 37.
Kinkell, iv. 63. '

Kinmjriies, iv. 55, 105. I

Kinnaird, Alexander, v. 29 ; vi. ,
170. I

Isobel, V. 29, 30; vi. 170. !

Kinnald, vii. 183. |

Kinnoch, vi. 36. 1

Kintail, Kenneth, Baron of, vi.

35-
Kirk, Ann, viii. 29.

Jane, viii. 29.

Kirke, Jean, iv. 104.

Robert, iv. 104 ; vii. 186.

Kirkskeath, iv. 60, 165.
(Ross oO—

Alexander, iv. 170.

Captain Alexander, iv. 170.

Kirkskeath (Ross oV^—c^tiiL

Andrew, iv. 171.

Christian, iv. 170, 171.

Hugh, iv. 170, 171.

Walter, iv. 170.

William, iv. 170.
Kirkton, vii. 182.
Knight, Dr. James, viii. 29.
Knockan, iv. 55 ; v. 157.
Knockbreak, iv. 59.
(Ross of, and in)—

David, iv. 171.

Donald, iv. 171.

Elspat, iv. 171,

Hugh, iv. 171.

Janet, iv. 171.

Katherine, iv. 171.

Margaret, iv. 171.

Marjory, iv. 171.

Mary, iv. 171.

William, iv. 171.
Knockgartie (Koss of) —

Agnes, iv. 172.

Alexander, iv. 172.

Andrew, iv. 172.

Charles, iv. 172.

David, iv. 1 72.

Donald, iv. 171, 172.

Helen, iv. 172.

Issobell, iv. 172.

Walter, iv. 171.

William, iv. 171, 172.
Krantz, Joanna, v. 121.
Kynedwa^d, Barony of, iv. 8.

Lachlanson, William Ross,

V. 59, 60.
Laer, Herminie van der, v. 119,
La Gour, Thomas, vii. 126.
Lancett Castle, vii. 16 ; viii. 26.
LangoU-Strathokell, iv. 168 ; v.

157.
Langwell, iv. 102, 109 //.
Laon Fortress, vi. 86.
Laud, Archbishop, vi. 174; vii

I^unceston Castle, vii. 18.
Law, George, of Duddingstone,

iv. 70.

Jean, iv. 70.

Lawedis, Robert de. Lord of

Quarelwood, iv. 4 n.
Leachavak, or Leakdavak, iv.

57, 164.
Lead, red and white, vii. 16, 17.
Leicester, v. 160.
Leighton*s Regiment, v. 65.
Leipzig, viii. 32.
Lepanto, battle of, vi. 37 n,
Lesley, Alexander, Earl of Ross.

iv. 7, 9- . ,

Euphemia, iv. 6.

Janet, v. 156.

^-^John, Bishop of Ross, v

29.

Lesley, Lady Margaret, iv.7.

Sir Walter de, iv. 6, 7.

Lewis, Robert, viL 16 ; viii. 26,

27.
Lillie, Robert, iv. 17a.
Lindsay, Thomas, v. 157.
WUliam, sdiooliiiastcr, v.

35-
Little Allan, v. 63.

and Muldarg (Koss

of)—

Alexander, iv. 64.
David, v. 61.
Hugh, iv. 164.
Tanet, iv. 164 ; v. 59.
Iohn,iv. J9, 16 1; v. $9-
William, iv. 9, 03.
See also Fychie.
Little Daan, iv. 60, 67.
Little Rany, iv. 64 n,^ 163; v.

30-
Little Tarbftt, V. 156.
Little Tarrell (Ross ol)—

Alexander, iv. la, 61, 103,
109 J V. 123; vi. 35,36.

Cristina, iv. 102.

David, iv. 102, 103.

George, iv. 103.

Hugh, iv. 103, 104.

Isobella, iv. 102, 103, 109.

Janet, iv. 61, 103; v. 60;
vi. 3j.

John, IV. 51, 102-105; V.
60.

Maj^ret, iv. 103 ; vi. 36.

Marjory, iv. 102.

Nicholas, iv. 102, 103; v.
56.

Walter, iv. 102 ; v. 56.

William, iv. 103.
Livingstone, Christian, iv. 9.

James, Lord, iv. 9.

Lochaber, iv. 8.
Lochlochy, iv. 10.
Lockhart, Captain, v. 118.

Sir James Ross, iv. 12.

Logie or Logy (Ross of)—

Alexander, iv. 172, 173.

David, iv. 172, 173.

Donald, iv. 172, 173.

Elizabeth, iv. 172, 173.

Hugh, iv. 172; V. 66.

KaUierine, iv. 173.

Thomas, iv. 172.

Walter, iv. 173.

William, iv. 172.
Logie Easter, iv. 55.
(Ross of)—

Alexander, iv. 72.

Andrew, iv. 72.

David, iv. 71, 72.

George, iv. 72.

Hannah, iv. 72.

James, iv.-72.

Jean, iv. 72.

Digitized by

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Index to The Earls of Ross,

Logic Easter (Ross of) — contd,

Margaret, iv. 72.

John, iv. 72.

Robert, iv. 72.

Thomas, iv. 72.
Lonesdale, John of, v. 159.
Louis, Alexander, iv. 62.
Louis Philippe, vi. 40.
Lovat, Hugh Fraser, Lord, iv.
10, II.

Simon, Lord, iv. 173.

Lumbard, Reynald, v. 159.
Lund, Mrs., vii. 127.
George Ross, vii. 127.

Maastricht, v. 118, 120, 121.
Macalester, Captain, v. 120.
M*Caw, David, iv. 58.

William, v. 64 and «.

M'Culloch, Abigail, iv. 106.

Agnes, iv. 56, 64.

Andrew, iv. 71.

Angus, iv. 102.

of Badferne, v. 61.

of Pitmillie, iv. 13.

Ann, iv. 58.

David, iv. 14, 51, 58, 164.

Donald, in Fumess, v. 61.

Hugh, v. 61, 64 «.

Isobel, iv. 14, 106.

James, v. 157.

of Piltoun, IV. 13, 57.

Jean, iv. 13, 52.

John, iv. 57 ; v. 61, 62.

Margaret, iv. 73 ; v. 34,

61.

Mary, v. 64.

Robert, iv. 52, 71 ; v. 65.

M*Culloch of Plaids, Kindeace,
and Glastulich —

Abigail, v. 59.

Alexander, v. 58, 59.

Andrew, v. 59, 60.

Angus, v. 58.

Anna, v. 59.

Charles, v. 59.

Christian, v. 58, 61.

Da\'id, v. 59-61, 64 and
«.

Donald, v. 58.

Helen, v. 61.

Hugh, v. 60, 61.

Captain James, iv. 13.

James, v. 58-60.

Janet, v. 59, 60.

John, iv. 164; v. 58-60,
62.

Lauchlan, v. 60."

Malcolm, v. 60.

Mary, v. 61.

Robert, v. 58, 59.

Roderick, iv, 171; v. 61,
64.

Thomas, iv. 52, 106; v.
58, 59.

M'Culloch of Plaids, Kindeace,

and Glastulich — contd,
Walter, v. 61.
William, v. 34, 58, 59;
vi. 169.
Macdonald, Alexander, Earl of

Ross, iv. 7.

Celestine, iv. 7.

Donald, Lord of the Isles,

iv. 7.

Grizel, iv. 64.

Rev. John, iv. 59.

Margaret, iv. 7.

Rebekah, vii. 186.

M*Dormet, Hector, v. 157.
M'Gilendris, John, v. 30 w.

Mary, v. 30 «.

M*Gilies, George, in Arlx>ll,

V. 62.
MacGregor, Duncan, v. 119.

Gregor, iv. 66.

John, iv. 66.

Malcolm, of Marchfield, iv,

66.
Macintagart, Ferquhard, iv. 2 ;i.
M*Intosh, Angus, iv. 11.

Katherinc, v. 57.

Lauchlan, iv. 68 «. ; vi. 35.

Margaret, v. 33.

Wilham, of Balnespeck,

iv. 53» 66.
Mackay, Major-General, v. 118.

Adam, of Dornoch, v. 157.

-^— Alexander, v. 118.

Angus, iv. 63; V. 119, 120.

Donald, v. 119.

George, of Bighousc, iv.

52.

Hugh, of Scourie, iv. 51.

John, V. 119.

Robert, iv. 59.

Captain Tye, v. 119.

William, v. 119.

M*Kean, Thomas, a warlock,

vi. 34-
Mackenzie, Alexander, v. 121;

vi. 36 ; vii. 183.
of Davochmaluak, iv.

56. •

of Gairloch, iv. 1 10.

of Kilcoy, iv. 12.

of Lochsline, iv. 104.

Anna, vi. 36.

Annabella, v. 30.

Barbara, v. 30.

Bernard, of Kinnoch, iv

52 ; vi. 36.

Majbr, vi. 35.

of Sandilands, iv. 104;

vi. 35.
Episcopal Minister in

Cromarty, vi. 36.

Charles, iv. 74.

Christian, iv. 104 ; vi. 36,

Colin, iv. 106, 1 10.

Mackenzie, Colin, of Kintail, iv.

63 «.

Daniel, vi. 35, 36.

Colonel, vi. 35.

Delicia, vi. 37.

Donald, of Orloch Hill,

iv. 52.

Elizabeth, vi. 36.

George, iv. 104; vi. 35,

3^- . ^

— Sir George, iv. 51.

George, of Moorfields, vi.

37.

Dr. George, vi. 35.

Issobel, V. 27 ; vi. 36.

Janet, iv. 106, 173 ; v. 117,

156; vi. 37.
Jean, iv. no; vi. 36, 37,

39.
John, iv. S3, 61, 62; v. 30;

vi. 36.

in Balmaduthie, v. 27.

of Inverlael, iv. 11,

62.

in Milnlown, iv. 172.

in Cromarty, vi. 35,

37. . .

Justma, VI. 37 and «.

Katherine, iv. 10, 12, 62;

vi. 36.
Kenneth, iv. 10-12, 57, 63,

107 ; V. 30.

of Kilchrist, vii. 184.

of Lang>^'ell, iv. 109

n.
Lilias, vi. 36.

Magdalen, vi. 36.

Margaret, iv, 12, 62, no,

165 ; vi. 37.

Murdoch Riach, vi. 35.

Rorie Beg, v. 117.

Rorie Mor, v. 117.

Sibella, iv. 58, 107, 108.

Captain Simon, 109 «.

Thomas, viii. 30.

of Inverlael, iv. 165.

Captain Thomas, v. 118.

William, vi. 36.

Mackeyes Regiment, vi. 174.
Mackie, George, iv. 59.
M*Lean, Mary, v. 118.
M*Lendris, David, iv. 60 and

«., 68; v. 63.

Donald, iv. 171.

Macleod, iEneas, vi. 170.

Christian, v. 61.

Donald, viii. 29, 30.

of Assynt, iv. 12, 57.

of Geanies, iv. in.

Duncan, viii. 30.

Helen, iv, 58; vi- 170.

Hugh, iv. 57 ; v. 61.

Katherine, vi. 172.

Roderick, of Cambuscurrie,

iv. no; v. 61, 169, 170.

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Index to The Earls of Ross.

Madeod, Roderick, of Catboll,
iv. 1 66.

Torquil, iv. 4, 9.

M*Ley, Donald, of Alnes, v.

156.
M*Neil, Delicia, vi. 37.

Donald, in Achillie, v. 156.

Macpherson, Alexander, iv. 14.

Captain, v. 122.

M'Sheumais, Gunn, v. 56.
M*Tyre, Katherine, iv, 9.

Paul, iv. 9.

Maelnibha St. , iv. 2 n,
Mahony, Captain J. A., v. 122.
Maitland» Charles, viii. 29.
Malta, vi. 169.
Mansfield, viii. 30.
Manson, Finlay, v. 33.
Marjorybank, General, iv. 58 ;
V. 119, 121.

Colonel, V. 11 8- 1 21.

Mars-Ia-Tour, battle of, vi. 86.
Mathesoun, Jonet, vii. 183.
Maxwell, General, iv. 54.

Marian, iv. 54.

Maydwell, Lawrence, vii. 126.
Meddat, v. 33.
(Ross of)—

Colin, V. 27.

David, V. 27.

George, v. 27.

Robert, v. 27.

Walter, v. 27.
See also Meikle Meddat.
Afedicus Medteatui^ \\\, 125.
Meenes, v. 119.
Meikle Allan, iv. 64, 103 ; v.

36.
Meikle Dallas, v. 60.
Meikle Meddat, iv. 73.
Meikle Rany, iv. 11, 53, 64 and

n. ; V. 64.
Meinhold, Adelheid, vi. 85.
Mel Heliconium^ vii. 125.
Mellersh, Thomas, viii. 27.
Melsetter, vi. 172.
Mercer, Colonel, v. 121.
Merre, Jefrei, v. 161.
Metcalfe, Captain Charles, vi.

172.
Mey, Laird of, iv. 74.
Middleton, Dr. John, iv. 108,
109.

Rebecca, iv. 108.

Midfeam, iv. 59, 66, 70.
(Ross oO—

Alexander, v. 27, 28.

David, V. 28.

Donald, v. 27.

George, iv. 59.

Hugh, V. 27.

Martha, v. 27.

William, v. 28.
Midganies, iv, 51, 165 ; vi.
172.

Mid Geanies or Gany (Ross oO —

David, iv. 168 ; vi. 174.

Donald, iv. 167.

Hugh, iv. 167.

James, iv. i6iS.

Nicholas, iv. 167.

Robert, iv. 168.

Walter, iv. 167.
Migdale, vii. 184.
Millar, Jean, v. 36.
Milncraig, iv. 69.
Milntown, iv. 57, 166, 167.
Minsker, Sarah, v. 33.
Mitchell, Thomas, vii. 126.
Monakill. See Monnakiln.
Monte, Orsola, vi. 38.

Marchese Pompeo Bourbon

del, vi. 38.
Monymusk of that ilk, iv. 5.

Janet de, iv. 5.

Moodie, Benjamin, of Melsetter,
vi. 172.

Captain James, of Mel

setter, vi. 172,
Moore, Eleanor, v. 32.

James, v. 32.

Moorfields, vi. 37.

Morangie, iv. 53, 54, 59; v.

64.
(Ross of)—

Alexander, v. 28, 31, 33.

Amelia Charlotte, v. 32.

Andrew, v. 30.

Anna, v. 32.
I Arthur, v. 32.

I Barbara, v. 30.

Charles, lieut. -general, v.
I 64, 65.

! David, V. 31.

Donald, v. 28, 29.
i Eleanor Pocock, v. 32.

Elizabeth, iv. no; v. 31.
I George, iv. 53, 168; v.

I 31, 32, 64 n.

I Hannah, v. 33.

Henrietta Mabel, v. 32.

Henry, v. 32.

Henry Harrison Stockdale,
V. 32.

Henry Ross, v. 32.

Hugh, V. 31.

Isobel, V. 31,

James Moore, v. 32.

John, V. 31-33.

Margaret, v. 32, 33.

Brewse, v. 33.

Mary, v. 32.

Nicholas, iv. 167, 169 ; v.
28 and n, , 29.

Stephen, v. 32.

John, V. 32.

Ross, V. 32.

Thomas, iv. no, 167; v.
28-30 and «., 31, 32,
36.

Morangie (Ross oQ — contd.

Waller, iv. 59, 73 ; v. 29-

32; vi. 170.
William, v. 28-32, 64 «.
William Horner, v. 32.

Moravia, Andreas de, vi. 31,

John de, iv. 4.

Thomas de, vi. 169.

Walter de, iv. 2.

Moray, James, Earl of, iv. 12.

John, Earl of, iv. 4.

Morinches, iv. 10, 108; v. 30.
Morray, Gilbert, v. 157.
Moreh water, iv. 169.
MoresoD, Andrew, v. 30 and n.
Morpeth, v. 160.
Morrison, Margaret, iv. 72.
Morton, Regent, v, 66.
Morvichwater, v. 64.
Mowatt, Margaret, vi. 34.
Motte, John Peter de, vi. 83.
Muirsone, Maigaret, iv. 64.
Muldarg. See Little Allan.
Mullochie, iv. 169; v. 156.
Munro, Alexander, in Alnc&s,

V. 34.

of Daan, iv. 103, 109.

of Teannaird, iv. 66.

Andrew, iv. 72, 73, 103,

104, 167, 173 ; V. 28 «., 59,

vi. 172; vii. 183.

of Milntown, iv. 57.

Ann, iv. 58, 108.

Anna, vii. 185.

Barbara, iv. 72, 106.

Charles, iv. 53, 54, 74;

vii. 186.
Christian, iv. 53, 66, 103,

171 ; V. 60; vii. 183.

Christina, iv. 13.

David, of Allan, iv. 74 ;

vii. 186.

of Culnauld, iv. 57.

of Nig, iv. 63 «.

W.S.,iv. 74.

Duncan, viii. 29, 30,

lieut., v, 121.

of Culcaim, iv. 104 ;

V. 61 ; vii. 186.

Esther, iv. 70.

Euphemia, vi. 170.

Ferquhar, iv. 172.

Finlay, v. 157.

George, iv. 70, 72, 105,

106, 108, 164, 169; V. 32,

58, 64; vi. 33, 34; vii. 184.

lieut., iv. 59.

of Culrain, iv. 13.

of Foulis, iv. 7 If. , 10.

of Miltown, iv. 61.

of Newmore, iv. 13.

of Obsdale, iv, 10,

13.
of Tarlogie, iv, 59.

Digitized by

Google

Index to The Earls of Ross.

Munro» Gustavus, of Culrain, iv.'

io8, 167.
Hector, iv. 56, 65, 102,

109; V. 59. 155. ^56; vi. 34»

35-

Helen, v. 156.

Hugh, V. 56, 119.

of Achany, iv. 70.

of Assynt, iv. 12, 56,

103.

— of Kiltearn, iv. 106.

of Newmore, iv. 53 ;

V. 61 ; vi. 170.

of Teaninich, vii. 186.

Isobel, iv. 37, 61 ; vii. 184.

Janet, iv. 64, 72, 103, 104.

Jean, iv. 13.

John, iv. 58, 72.

of Aldie, iv. 172.

of Contulich, v. 155.

of Culcairn, iv. 55.

of Fearn, iv. 11, 72.

of Fyvish, iv. 13.

in Inverbreakie, iv.

72; V. 156.

of Ketwal], iv. 66.

of Lemlair, vii. 184.

of Meikle Davanch,

iv. 64.
of Obisdale, iv. 103 ;

V. 156.
lieut.-col., iv. 108 ; v.

60.
Katherine, iv. 105, 168 ; v.

61 ; vii. 186.

Margaret, iv. 57, 74, 102,

103, 100, 172; V. 62.

Mary, iv. 108, 171 ; v. 61,

157 ; VI. 170.

Neil, iv. 34.

R., iv. 72.

Robert, iv. 58, 62, 107 ; v.

15s; vi. 34; vii. 183.
of Achnagairt, iv. 12 ;

v. 156.

of Foulis, iv. 8, 10,

: of Suddie, v. 156.

Biajor-general,vi. 173,

vili. 27.
More, of Foulis, vi.

33,34.

Susanna, vi. 81.

Thomas, of Kilmorack,

iv. 164.
-^—William, iv. 58, 67, 70,

72; V. 27; vii. 183.
Murray, lieut. -general, v. 118,

122.

Alexander, sergeant, v.

118.

of Drumsergorth, iv.

7 Sir Alexander, of Aber-

caimey, iv. 5.
^— pidyAnnabella, iv. 11.

Murray, Christian, iv. 166.

Fanny, iv. 60.

Fraqcise, iv. 119, 120.

George, of Calrossie, iv.

57.

John, of Pulrossy, vii. 185.

-Robert, of Pulrossy, vii.

183.

Susanna, iv. 169.

Walter, iv. 5.

Will., viii. 3a

Musselburgh (Ross in) —

Andrew, v. 35.

Christian, v. 35.

Grissel, v. 35.
Afystagogus Pottkus^ vii. 125.

Nae, Mary, v. 121.
Nagel, Mary, v. 120, 121.
Namur, v. 118.
Nesham, v. i6a
Nether Pitkerie (Ross oQ—

Alexander, iv. 105.

Andrew, v. 34.

Charles, iv. 105.

George, iv. 105.

Thomas, v. 34.
Nether Skeldon, vi. 172.
Newcastle-on-Tyne, v. 160.
Newmore, iv. 54 and #1., 108;

vii. 184, 185.
Newnakill. Set Nonnakiln.
Newport-Paignel, v. 159.
Newton of Tarlogie, v, 64.
Newton, Sir Henry, of Charle-

ton, vi. 173; vih. 28.
Newton Ross, iv. 55.
Nicholas, Secretary, vii. 18 ; viii.

32.
Nisbeih, Captain Thomas, v.

122.
Nonnakiln or Newnakill, iv. 72,

109 «., 167; V. 34.

(Ross of)—

David, iv. 109.
George, iv. 109.
John, iv. 109 and n,
Nore, M Thomas, v. 33.
North Allerton, v. 160.
Northampton, v. 159.
Norway, Maid of, iv. 2.
Nottingham, v. 160.
Nova Farina, Abbey of, iv. 2.
Nymegen, v. x 18, 120, 121.

O'BEALANOrBUILTON FAMILY,

iv. I.
Observations upon Hobbeii

Leviathan^ vii. 125.
O'Callaghan, Denis, iv. 61.
O'Connor, Patrick, v. 33.

Admiral Sir Richard, v. n,

Ogilvie, Marjory, iv. 169.
Ogilvy, John, viii. 29, 30.

Olaus, King of Man, iv. 2, 9

and n,
Oldenburg, vi. 174,
Oleron, Isle of, vL 4a
Oppenhauer, Major Ignazio, vi.

38.
Orkney, Earl of. Su St. Clair.
Orloch Hill, iv. 52.
Orroch, Captain, v. 118.
Ospisdale, viL 183.
OsthofT, John, vi. 82.
Oswald, Alexander, vii. 186.

George, viii. 29.

James Townshend, of

Dunnikier, vii. 186; viii. 29.
Owen, Hannah Margaretta, iv.

106.
Oxenden, Henry, vii. 125.
Oxensteme, Chancellor, vi. 173.
Oxford University Library^ vii.

126.
Ozgate, V. 62.

Paip, Gilbert, iv. 64.
nANSEBEIA, or a view of all

Religions, viL 125.
Pape, Barbara, iv. 169.
Parkins, Edward, vii. x86.
Pas, Anna Margaret Ros or,
vi. 86.

Peter, vi. 86.

Patent for white lead, vii. 16, 17.
Paterson, John, in Wester
Ganies, iv. 167.

Thomas, rector of Assynt,

V. 58.

William, v. 58.

Peddiestoun, vii. 186.

Peter Leopold, Grand Duke,

vi. 40.
Petersen, Frances, iv. 107.
Philorth, lands of, iv. 6, 8.
Philosophical Touchstone^ viL

125.
Phipps, Colonel, v. 61.

Annabella Margaretta, v.

61.
Piers. Will., viii. 27.
Pik, Dick, viii. 31.
Pilchys, Allexander, vi. 32.
Pipe, Philip, vii. 18.
Pissone, v. 161.
Pitachgussie, vii. 185.
Pitcairn, Rev. Alex., v. 118.
Piicalnie (Ross oO —
>Eneas, iv. 57.
Alexander, iv. 13 and //.,

57,73. 105; V. 122.
Angus, iv. 13 ; v. 122.
Anne, iv. 13.
Blenerhassett, iv. 14.
Charles, iv. 13 ; v. 122.
Christian, iv. 12, 13, 57.
David, iv. 12, 13, 51, 165 ;
V. 35, 60, 122.

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Index to The Earls of Ross.

Pitcalnie (Ross oi)—contd,

George, iv. 12-14, 69; v.

122.

Henry, iv. 14.

Issobel, iv. 13.

James, iv. 13, 14; v. 122.

Katherine, iv. 12, 13.

Malcolm, iv. 13, 165 ; v.
122.

Margaret, iv. 12, 105.

Munro, iv. 14.

Nicholas, iv. 10, 12, 57,
102; V. 122.

Roderick, iv. 57.

Sarah, iv. 14.

William, iv. 13.

William Munro, iv, 14.
Pitcalzeane (Ross of) —

Alexander, v. 33.

Andrew, v. 33, 34.

David, V. 33.

Donald, v. 33.

George, v. 33.

John, V. 34.

Robert, v. 34,
Pitkellyan, iv. 65.
Pitkene, iv. 11, 72; v. 64.
Pitkerie (Ross of) -

Alexander, iv. 72, 104, 105,
109 If., 164.

Andrew, iv. 104 ; vii. 186.

Benjamin, iv. 104.

George, iv. 56, 104 ; vi.
171 ; vii. 186.

Hugh, of Cunlicb, iv. 104.

Jean, iv. 104.

Robert, iv. 104.
See also Nether Pitkerie.
Pitmaduthie, iv. 56 and »., 66,

169; V. 34.
Pitneileis, iv. 55.
Pittogarty, v. 58.
(Ross of)—

Alexander, v. 34.
Plaids. See M*Culloch.
Poleyns, v. 161.
Poilson, Sir John, v. 28.
Poison, David, of Kinmylies,

iv. 55.
Pottichel estate, vi. 85.
Preston, Colonel, v. 156.
Priesthill, iv. 173.
(Ross of)—

Arthur, iv. 166 ft. ; vi. 171.

Barbara, iv. 63.

David, iv. 166 n.

Donald, iv. 9, 62, 63, 164.

Ilelline, iv. 63.

Hugh, iv. 63.

Isobel, iv. 63.

John, iv. 63.

Katherine, iv. 63.

Margaret, iv. 63; vi. 171.

Thomas, iv. 63, 65 ; iv.
. 165.

Priesthill (Ross o()—contd. 1

William, iv. 56, 63 and ». ;
vi. 171.

See also Edderton.
Prieur, Anna Margaret, v. 119,

121.
Prussia, G>unts von Ross of, vi.

81.
Prynne, William, vii. 18.
Pulrossie, vii. 183, 185.
Purves, Sir Alexander, iv. 69.
Anne, iv. 69.

QUALL, vi. 86.

Questions and Answers , , , on

Genesis^ vii. 125.
Quinlichmore, iv. 104.

Rademaker, Christine, vi.

81.
Ramsay, Mrs., vi. 35.
Randolph, John. See Moray,

Earl of.
Rany. See Little Rany : Meikle

Rany.
Ran^lome, iv. 11.
Karichies (Ross of and in) —

Alexander, v. 34.

Andrew, v. 34.

Helen, v. 34.

Hugh, V. 34, 122, 123.

Isobell, V. 34.

James, v. 34.

Janet, v. 34.

John, V. 34.

Margaret, v. 34.

Samuel, v. 34.

Waller, v. 34.

William, v. 34.
Kath, Dom. Andreas de, vi. 31.
Reay, Lord, i^. 54.
Reid, Andrew, of Lionsdown,
vi. 37.

Hugh, VI. 37.

John, of Tain, iv. 68 ; v.

56.

Rol)ert, vi. 37.

Thomas, v. 56.

Richmond, vii. 15, 16 n. ; viii.

30.
Ridolfi, Giovanni Battista, vi.

39.
Rigg, Thomas, of Eddernie, iv.

172.
Rinfes, v. 156.
Risollis (Ross of) —

John, V. 35.

Thomas, v. 35.

William, iv. 169.
Rives. See Edderton.
Robert i., iv. 4.
Robert ii., iv. 4.
Rol)erts, Alexander, vii. 17.

Colonel Cramer, iv. 54.

John, iv. 54.

Robertson, Francis, iv. 106.
Gilbert, of Kindeace, iv.

60, 62, 169.

Janet, iv. 60 j vi. 35.

Sarah, iv. 61.

William, iv. 169.

Robespierre, vi. 40.

Rogart, vii. 182. .

Roger, Mr. Attorney, vii. 126.

Rogers, Hes, v. 121.

RoUok, Walter, of Pitmedie,

63 «.
Ronald of the Isles, iv. 6.
Rose, Dr., viii. ^o.

of Kilravock, v. 35.

bailie of Tain, iv. 59. .

Alexander, iv. 69.

Helen, v. 32.

Hugh, v. 66.

minister of Creich, v.

61, 64.

of Kilravock, iv. 52,

173.
r of Glastttllich, iv. 105;

V. 61 ; vii. 186.
Munro St. Vincent, of

Glastullich, v. 61.

Issobel, iv. 167.

James, writer, Edinburgh,

V. 64.

Jean, iv. 52.

John, iv. 59.

of Ballivat, v. 66.

of Blackhills, v. 32,

3S.

Katherine, iv. 69.

Patrick, iv. 167.

Captain Thomas, of Bin-

dal, V. 61.
Rosenbach, Captain Robert Ross

von, yi. 86.
Ross, Agnes, iv. 13.

of Skaidy, v. 59.

Alexander, iv, 168; v. 33,

63, H8-121, 157, isiS; vii.

124, 125.
. Dr., vi. 173, 174;

viii. 27.

Earl of Ross, iv. 7-9.

Macdonald, Earl of,

iv. 7.

Gray, vii. 186.

of Cracow, iv. 59.

of Eye, vi. 81.

of Little Daan, iv. 67.

of Scatwell, iv. 57.

Alice, viii. 131.

Alida, V. 118, 121.

Amelia, iv. 71.

Donald Ankerville,iv.

Amoldus, y. 121.

Andrew, iv. 9, 56 «., 7i>

107,164; v. 34, 62,63, 156,

158; vi. 81, 169.

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Index to The Earls of Ross.

Ross, Andrew, in Culinald, v. 59.
provost of Tain —

Alexander, v. 36.

Andrew, v. 36 ; vii. 184.

Margaret, v. 36.

Munel, V. 36.

William, v. 36.

Angus, V. 157.

Anna, iv. 53 ; v. 118.

Margaret, vi. 86.

Maria, v. 1 18.

Anne, v. 119, 121, 157.

Antoinette, vi. 85.

Barbara, v. 61, 157.

Beatrix, iv. 10,64; v. 121.

Benjamin, v. 157.

bailie of Tain —

Benjamin, v. 36.

Elizabeth, v. 36.

George, v. 36.

James, v. 36.

Margaret, v. 36.

Mary, v. 36.

Bridgett, viii. 26.

Caroline, vi. 85.

Catherina, v. 118, 121.

Godofreda, vi. 84.

— Henrietta, vi. 84.

Catherine, viii. 30.

Cecilia Luise, vi. 85.

Charles, v. 63.

• of Eye, V. 64 «. ; vi.

81, 170.

Hon. Charles, iv. 12.

General Charles, iv. 12,

54 ; V. 61.
Christian, iv. (i^^ 172; v.

•56- . ^ .

a witch, VI. 34.

Christine, vi. 81.

Maria, vi. 81,

Constance Luise Maria,

vi. 85.

Daniel, vi. 86.

David, iv. 9, 13, 14, 60,

64, 66, 69, 71, 164, 168, 170,

171; v. 63. 119-122,157,158;

vi. 172; viii. 27, 29.

lieutenant, v. 58.

M'Lendris or, v. 63.

of Logie, iv. 104.

Donald, v. 35, 57, 118-120,

122, 156-158.

' — of Tain, iv. 71 ; v. 62.

bailie of Tain —

David, V. 56.
Donald, v. 56.
Huch, v. 56.
Katherine, v. 56.

in Hiltoun, iv. 63, 171.

of Torranliah, iv. 173;

V. 117.

Dorothea, iv. 4.

Sibilla Catharina, vi.

82.

Ross, Duncan, iv. 71.

Edmond, vi. 86.

Elizabeth, Countess of, iv.

7.
iv. 55, 67, 71, 102,

108 ». ; V. 64, 118, 120, 121,

156.

Elspeth, V. 34, 62.

Euphemia, iv. 2, 4 ; v. 62.

Countess of, iv, 7

vi. 33.
Ferquhar,in Leachavak, iv.

164.
Ferquhard, second Earl of,

iv. I.

Fingoll, V. 155.

Finlay, v. 62.

Frances, v. 62, 118.

Francientie, v. 120.

Francis, v. 119- 121. .

of Hanley Castle, viii.

28.
Count Frederick William,

vi. 85, 86.

George, Lord, iv. 12.

iv. 70, 71; V. 56,63,

I i8-I22, 156, 158 ; vi. 34 ; vii.

124-127, 186; viii. 28, 32.

in Pitmadwry, iv. 56.

of Cromarty, vi. 82 ;

viii. 29, 30.
of Morinchie, iv. 108 ;

V. 31.

O., vii. 127.

William Holmes, of

Cromarty, iv. 55, 105 ; v. 61.

Grissell, iv. 73.

Gustavus, 123 «.

Hanna, v. 121.

Harriet Goldie, iv. 55.

Helen, iv. I71 ; v. 156.

Henry, v. 120, 121.

Gottfried, vi. 82, 84.

Hermann, vi. 82.

Earl of, iv. 4 and «.

Hugh, iv. 171 ; V. 56, 63 ;

vi. 172; viii. 29.

of Kerse, iv, 62 ; v.

123 /f. ; vi. 82.
of Breakauche, vi. 170

and tu

of Knockan, v. 157.

in Langoll Stralhoc-

kill, V. 157.
Isabel, iv. 3 ; v. 119, 121,

155. 156. .

Isabella, iv. 3, 59.

Isobel, iv. 9, 55, 56, 165 ;

V. 35»6i, 119.
James, iv. 171; v. 32,62,

1 18-122, 156-158; viii. 26-28,

31.

Captain James, v. 29, 35.

Jane, v. 120; viii. 26-28.

Janet, iv. 5, 6, 164, 167,

169; V. 30, 59, 63, 120, 121,

156, 157; vi. 36.
Ross, Jean, iv. 70, 106, 166 ; v.

64, 120, 157 ; vii. 186.

Johann, viii. 32.

— Carl von, vi. 86.

Johanna, v. 118, 121.

-^— Helena Frederika, vi.

84.
Maria Elizabeth, vi,

82.

John, Earl of, iv. 8.

iv. 3, 9, I2» 61, 71,

167; V. 34, 56, 61, I19-121,

156-158; vi. 169; vii. 127;

viii. 28, 32.

Admiral, vii. 127,

Count, vi. 81.

Sir, iv. 3, 6, 167.

r- overseer at Craigroy,

V. 56.

in Cullicudny, v. 34.

of Gruinards, iv. 52,

57-
in Newnakill, iv. 109

;;.

Frederick, vi. 83, 85.

Gottfried, vi. 82.

James, v. 118.

Matthias, vi. 82-84.

Theodore, vi. 86.

Joris, V, 118, 121.

Joseph Charles, iv. 55.

Katherine, iv. 55, 69, 105,

106; v, 62, 118-120, 156, 157,

viii. 26, 28.

of Ratcliffe, viii. 29.

Maria, vi. 86.

Lauchlan, v. 158.

Lilias, iv. 5.

Luise Christiane Cecilia,

vi. 85.

Marie, vi, 85.

Macpnus, v. 119.

Malcolm, first Earl of, iv.

iv. I, 9 ; V. 120, 158,

of Cambuscurry, iv,

12.
of Knockan, iv, 170 ;

V. 59. 63.
Margaret, iv, 12, 72, 107,

164, 165, 168 ; V. 36, 62, 64,

156. 157; vi. 34, 35, 173;

viii. 26, 28.

Maria, viii. 27.

« — Catharina, vi, 84.

Elizabeth, vi. 82.

Matilda, vi. 82.

Marion, vi, 175 ; vii, 126.

Marjory, iv. 4 ; v. 158.

Mary, iv. 68 and «. ; v. 64

w., 121, 157 ; viii. 27.

Ferguson, iv. 55.

Matthias, vL 81, 82.

Digitized by

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Index to The Earls of Ross.

Ross, Matthias Gerard, vi. 82.

Mungo, V. I x8.

Nanon, v. 118.

Nicholas, burgess of Dor-
noch—

Helen, v. 56.
John, V. 56.
Katherine, v. 56.
Nicholas, v. 56, 57.
William, v. 56.

dyer in Tain —

Alexander, iy. 106.
Amelia, iv. 106.
Anna Sophia, iv. 106.
Cecilia Elizabeth, iv. 107.
Cecilia Louisa Annette,

iv. 107.
Charles Frederick Mac-
kenzie, iv. 107.
Christian, iv. 106.
Colin, iv. 106.
Da\4d, iv. 106.
Edward Dalhousie, iv.

106, 107.
Edward James, iv. 107.
Elizabeth Anne, iv. 106.
Ellen Catherine Margar-

etta, iv, 107.
Emily Bertha, iv. 107.
Fitzgerald Edward Tur-

ton, iv. 107.
George, iv. 106.
George Arthur Emilias,

iv. 107.
George Henry Dunbar,

iv. 107.
Gilbertha, iv. 107.
Henry Francis, iv. 107.
Henry John, iv. 106.
John, of Newtown, iv.

106.
Julia Elizabeth, iv. 107.
Katherine, iv. 106.
Laurencia Dorothea, iv.

106.
Louisa Euphemia, iv.

107.
Margaretta Susannah, iv.

106.
Margaret Louisa, iv. 107.
Nicholas, iv. 106.
Owen Charles Dalhousie,

iv. 107.
Philip Hedgeland, iv.

107.
Rachel Lucy, iv. 107.
Sibdla Euphemia, iv.

107.
Thomas, iv. 106.
Thomas, M.D., iv. 106.
Walter, iv. 106.
William Hunter, iv. 107.
William Sutherland, iv.

106.
Williamina, iv. 107.

Ross, Nicholas, chaplain of Duns

kaith, iv. 167 ; v. 28.

Sir Nicholas, v. 28.

Paul, vi. 86 ; viii. 28.

Peter, vi. 81, 82.

Dr. Peter Matthes, viii. 32.

Peter William, vi. 82.

Philip, v. 120.

Robert, iv. 64, 103 ; v. 29,

118, 119, 121, 122; vi. 173,

175; vii. 126; viii. 27, 32.

of Logic, iv. 106, 171.

in Fearn, iv. 164.

Captain, vi. 86.

Robertina, v. 118.

Roderick, v. 118, 121, 157

Sara, viii. 26.

Sibilla, 108 n,

Margaret, vi. 82.

Simon, of Rosehill, v. 64

Theodora Frederica, v. 121

Theodore Bemhard, vi. 82.

Thomas, iv. 64 «., 70, 72,

105, 163,167; V. 34, 57, 121,

I57> 158; vi. 170; viii. 26,

27, 31.

of Greenhill, iv, 102.

parson of Rosskeen,

iv. 9, 172.
rector of Alnes, iv.

172.

of Knockan, v. 62.

Walter, v. 121, 122, 156

158; vii. 184.

of Rhiznell, iv. 170.

in Tain, iv. 72, 171 ;

V. 3if 32.

in Mil town, iv. 172.

Sir Walter, iv. 3.

Wilhelmina, iv. 7a

Johanna Dorothea,

vi. 84.

Willementa, v. 121.

William, Earl of, iv. 2, 4,

5, 12; V. i59-i6i; vi. 169.

Count, vi. 85.

iv. 64, 107, 108 «.,

171; V. 56, 63, II8-I22, 156-

158; vi. 35, 82, 173; vii. 126;

viii. 26-28.

Captain, iv. 14.

of Balkeith, iv. 106.

of Belladuth, v. 157.

of Culnahall, iv. 64 ;

v. 28.

of Gladfield, iv. 66.

of Greenyards, iv. 57.

of Pitmaduthie, iv. 56.

of Slines, v. 157.

bailie of Tain —

Alexander, v. 57.
David, V. 57,
George, v. 57, 58.
Gilbert, ▼. 57, 58.

Ross, William, bailie of Tain —
contd,

Margaret, v. 57.

Mary, v. 57.

Robert, v. 57.

Roberta, v, 58.

William, v. 57-59.

John Gottfried, vi. 84.

Rosskeen, iv. 9, 172.
Rothemurchus, iv. 11.
Rous, Hugh le, v. 159.
Rojr, John Keith M*Donald,

vi. 34.
Royal Letters, vi. 31-32.
Royal Manchester Volunteers,

v. 65.
Runnington, Charles, iv. 71.
Rye, Walter de, v. 161,

St. Albans, v. 159.

St. Clair, Sir Henry, Earl of

Orkney, iv. 4.

Sir William, iv. 4.

St. Privat, battle of, vi. 85.
Sallchy, iv. 57.
San Giuliano, vi. 38.
Sandilands, vi. 35, 36,
San Miniato, vi. 40.
Saxisser, John le, v. 159.
Santa Croce, vi. 39 and n,
Santa Maria a Novoli, vi. 38.
Santa Maria Maggiore, vi. 38.
Sauf Napior,.v. 160.
Scaldie, v. 157.
Scatterby, lands of, iv. 8.
Scatwell, iv. 57.
SchlUters, Maria Dorothea, vi,

81,
Schneider, Frederic, vi. 85.
Schoonhoven, Catharine van,

V. 120.
Schubert, Joanna Catharina de,

vi. 83 and n.
Schultz, Gesina Cornelia, vi. 86.
Schwitzer, Dorothea, iv. 71.
Sdlly Isle, vii. 18.
Seaforth, Lady, iv. 52.
Colin, Earl of, vi. 35 ;

viii. 31.
George, Earl of, iv. 165 ;

V. 156; vi. 35.

Kenneth, Earl of, vi. 36.

—^ Estates, iv. 60.
Seton, Sir Alexander, iv. 8.

Elizabeth, iv. 8.

Settignano, vi. 39.
Shandwick, iv. 54, 64.

(Ross of)—

Alexander, iv. 65, 70, 166;

V. 29, 57.
Andrew, iv. 10, 53, 54,
57. 64-66, 68, 69, 71,
166; V. 56,57,
Benjamin, iv. 71,
Charles, iv. 71.

Digitized by

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Index to The Earls of Ross.

Shandwick (Ross ot\—<ontd.
Christian, iv. 70.
Christina, iv. 68, 71. :

David, iv. 65 and »., 70. |
Donald, iv. 64, 65 ; v. 56. 1
Elizabeth, iv. 66, 70.
Esther, iv. 65. '

George, iv. 71, 166. |

Hugh, iv. 64, 66-70.
Isabella, iv. 71. '

Isobel, iv. 66.
James, iv. 64.
Janet, iv. 66.
Jean, iv. 70.
John, iv. 65.
Katherine, iv. 65, j68, 70,

71 ; V. 57.

Margaret, iv. 69, 71 ; v.

Mary, iv. 53, 66, 68, 70.

Nicholas, iv. 64.

Robert, iv. 64, 65.

Thomas, iv. 64, 65.

Walter, iv. 64, 72, 165;!
V. 28. I

Wilhelmina, iv. 70, 71.

William, iv. 64-68, 70, 71, j
165, 169; V. 56, 123;'
vi. 172.
Sharp, Captain John, iv. 71.
Shirebume, v. 160.
Shone, Colonel, iv. 54.
Sidderay, vii. 183.
Simpson, Duncan, of Nether
Culcraigy, v. 57.

lackey, v. 32.

Janet, iv. 64.

John, V. 32.

Simson, Duncan, v. 157.
Sinclair of Dunbeath, v. 35.

Helen, iv. 9.

Janet, iv. 10.

Robert, of Geise, vi. 169.

William, of Mey, iv. 11;

v. 30 ; VL 34.
Sir William, of Catboll,

V. 35.
Skftidie, v. 58.
Skarlet, Elys, v. 159.
Skeldon, iv. 67.
(Ross of)—

Alexander, iv. 68.

Andrew William, iv. 68.

Campbell Clay Grant, iv.
68.

Elizabeth Anne, iv. 67.

George, iv. 68.

Hugh, iv. 67, 68.

Jane, iv. 67.

William, iv. 67.
Skibo, vii. 182. See also Gray

ofSkibo.
Skinner, Alexander, v. 156.
Skye, lands of, iv. 4.
Slines, v. 157.

Sluis, V. 121.

Smith, Colonel William, vi. 36.

Snell, John, viii. 27.

Sordell or Swardells, vii. 182-
185.

Southampton, vii. 125, 126.

Spainzeedaie, vii. 184.

Sprail, Benjamin, v. 32.

Steinmann • Mellintin, Frederic
Carl von Friderici, vi. 85.

Frederick, vi. 85.

Stewart, Sir Alexander, iv. 7.

Andrew, Bishop of Caith-
ness, vii. 182.

Lady Anna, v. 35.

Annabell, v. 157.

Elizabeth, vii. 182.

Francis, iv. 12.

Jean, v. 31.

Sir John, Earl of Buchan

and Ross, iv. 7.

Robert, Bishop of Caith

ness, vii. 182.

Stork, Richard, viii. 28.

Strathcarron, iv. 9, 64; v. 158.

Strathconan, iv. 4.

Stratheam, David, Earl of, iv. 5,

Euphemia, Countess of, iv.

Malise, Earl of, iv. 4.

Robert, Earl of, iv. 4.

Strathglass, iv. 4, 8, 60.
Strathnaver's R^ment, iv. 60.

William, Lord, viL 185.

Strathoykell, iv. 9, Ii, 55, 63;

vi. 171.
Stronach, Margaret, iv. 73.
Stuart, Colonel, v. 118, 122.

Alexander, viii. 30.

Sturbini, Domenico, vi. 40.

Suckley, viii. 28.

Suddy, iv. 102.

Suffield, Will., viii. 28.

Suleby, v. 160.

Sutherland's Highlanders, v. 65.

Adam, Earl of, vii. 182.

Agnes, iv. 109.

Alexander, Earl of, iv. 11.

iv. 7 «., 9; V. 156.

Angus, iv. 58.

Arthur, iv. 60 ; v. 63, 156.

Dorothy, iv. 9.

Elizabeth, Countess of, iv.

Elspat, iv. S3.

George, vii. 119.

Hugh, V. 34.

Issobell, iv. 173; v. 156.

James, iv. 53, 167, 168.

Jean, iv. 106.

John, Colonel, vi. 169.

Earl of, iv. 7 ; vii.

182, 183, 185.

of Innerlaine, iv. 1 10.

Master, iv. 1 1.

Sutherland, John, of Little Tor-

boU, iv. 108, 109.
of Meikle Torbo, iv.

171.
Margaret, iv. 1 10, 167,

173; vi. 34.

William, iv. 108 w., 168.

Swardich, vL 34.
Symond, William, viii. 29.

Taloch, David, iv. 171.
Tarlogie, iv. 54, 59, 60 ; v. 63,

64.
Tamess, viL 186.
Tarrell, John, of Tarrell, v. 59.
^— Sophia, V. 59.

(Ross oO—

Alexander, v. 59.
Elizabeth, v. 59.

See also Little Tarrell.
Taubman, John S. Goldie,iv. 55.
Taylor, Elizabeth Dunbar, iv.

53.
Joseph, minister of Cam-

bee, iv. 53.
Teaninich, vii. 186.
Tendering, C^arl, auf Hans Ahr,

vi. 85.
Testa, Count Giovanni del, vi.

40.
Thielmann, Carola Mathilde,

vi. 85.

Max, Baron von, vi. 85.

Thirsk, v. i6a
Thomptalloun Castle, iv. la
Thomson, Arthur, vL 169.

C>>lonel, v. 120.

Thomthoun, Captain Robert

Ross von, vi. 86.
Thornton, John, v. 28.
Thynne, Henry, viii. 27.
Tindle, Henry, viii. 29.
Tinker, Catherine, iv. 106.
Tolly and Achnacloich ( RossoO —
Christian, iv. 62.
Hu^h, iv. 58, 61, 62, 73 ;

VI. 170.
Isobel, iv. 58, 62.
John, iv. 62.
.Margaret, iv. 62, 73.
Robert, iv. 62.
Tonsor ad Cutem Rasiis^ vii.

125.
Tormoir, lands of, iv. 171.
Torranliah, lands of, iv. 173.
Toumay, v. 11 9- 1 21.
Trethwey, Jack, viii. 31.
Trevignano, Marchese di, vi. 38.

Prince of, vi. 38, 39.

Tuddeham, v. 159.
Tulli1)ardine, John, Earl of, iv.

II.
TuUoch, vi. 37 ; vii. 184.

Alexander, vi. 170.

Barbara, vi. 170.

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Index to The Earls of Ross.

Tulloch, Janet, iv. 64.

Sir Nicholas, v. 155.

Tuscany, Grand Duke of, vi. 38.
Tutintarroch, iv. 51, 56, 63.
(Ross of and in) —

Alexander, iv. 56 ; v. 35.

John, V. 35.

Malcolm, v. 35.

Thomas, v. 35.

Walter, v. 35.

William, iv. 56, 63 ; v. 35.
Tydicker, Admiral, v. 66.
Anna Christina, v. 66.

Urquhart, of Craigton, iv. 66.
Alexander, of Craighall,

iv. 66.
Charles, of Brealangwell,

V. 64.

Christian, vi. 171.

David, v. 64.

Donald, v. 157.

Sir John, of Cromarty, v.

34.

Maijorie, iv. 164.

Mary, iv. 73 ; v. 27.

William, iv. 5.

of Brealangwell, v.

59.

Castle, vi. 31.

Urry, Thomas, vii. 126.

Vane, W. T., v. 32.

Vaus or Voss, of Lochslyne, iv.

56.64.
Veldhoven, vi. 86.
Vendramin, Rosina, vi. 39 and

Giovanni, vi, «,

Venlo, V. 118, 119.
Vergus, V. 159.
Verneuil, Battle of, iv. 7.
Vert, Willementa du, v. 120.
Veuren, v. 118.
Vetten, Anna Sibilla, vi. 82.
Vienna, Congress of, vi. 83.

Virgilius Trtutttphaniis^wii, 125.
Vorichy (Qan), vi. 35.
Vylers, Sir Francis le, v. 159,
i6a

Wade, Sir Claude Martin..

iv. 6i.

Major Joseph, iv. 61.

Wainhouse, Mary Susanna, vii.

186.

— Richard, vii. 186.
Walker, Alexander, v. 66,
Daniel, v. 65.

— Paul Alexander, or Ross,
V. 66.

Wallace, Agnes, iv. 13.

Hugh, of Ingliston, iv. 13.

Wallach, vL 82, ^
Wasserfree, Petronelle, v, 66.
Wastells, v. 159.
Watson, Major, iv. 67.

William, viii. 30.

Eliza, iv. 67.

Hugh, v. 157.

Webbe, Fanny, iv. 68.
Weerth, Ida aus'm, vi. 85.

Louisa Cecilia, vi. 85.

Peter Charles de, vi. 85.

Wellington, William, viii. 28.
Went bury, v. 160.
Wentzel, Colonel W. C, vi. 85.
Werr, Elisa, v. 120.
Wert, Willemine de, v. 118.
Wesel, vi. 82.
Wester Cadboll, iv. 62.
Wester Feme, iv. 11.
Wester Geanies or Gany (Ross
of)-

Alexander, iv. 168.

Andrew, iv. 168.

George, iv. 168.

William, iv. 168.
Wester Ross, iv. 8.
Weston, John, viii. 31, 32.
Westphalia, vi. 84.
Westray, lands of, iv. 8, 9.

Whetelay, William de, v. 159.
Whistoune, Job, viii. 29.

Katherine, viii. 29.

Samuel, viii. 29.
White of Bannachie, vi. 38.
White, James, vi. 37.
Jannetta, Countess of Conti,

vi. 38-40.

— John, of Fairlor, viii. 29.

Robert, v. 37.

Whitly, W.,iv. 13.
Wies, J., vii. 127.
Wildman Family, viii. 31.

Major, viii. 31.

Wilhelmine, Princess, of Prussia,

vi. 83.
William Frederick, Prince of

Orange, vi. 83.
Williamson, Andrew, v. 119.

Donald, iv. 14 ; vi. 36.

George Ross, iv. 14.

John Hugh Ross, vL 169.

Wilson, Katharine, iv. 173.
James, archdeacon of

Christchurch, New Zealand,

iv. 107.

Sibella Mary, iv. 107.

Windebank, vii. 17.
Wismer, vi. 174.
Witchcraft, vi. 34.
Wolford, Jan, Count of Brediod,

35 «.

Wood, Colonel Mundy, iv. 106.

John, of Lincoln, viii. 29.

Worcester, battle of, iv. 11 ; v.

30.
Worsley, Lieut. -col., vii. 18.
Wright, Margaret, v. 1 19.
Mary, v. 119.

Xanten, vi. 82.

York, v. 160.

Duke of, viii. 32.

Yvat, Patrick, v. 29.

Printed by T. and A. Constablb, Printers to Her Majesty,
at the Edinburgh University Press.

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THE BRITISH RECORD SOCIETY, LIMITED J

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Northern Notes ^ Queries

EDITED BY

The Rev. A. W. CORNELIUS HALLEN, m.a.

F.S.A. Scot., Conc Scot. Hist. Soc., F. Hogt. S.

ESTABLISHED 1886

VOL. IX.
WITH INDEX

EDINBURGH

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MPCCCXCV

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE

Alloa Old Church, 158

Alloa Standing-stone, • . . . 170,171

Arms of Burgh of Peebles, 149

Arms of Sir Franc van Halen, K.G., .... 85

Cross at Minnigaff, 21,113

Design for Monument to Earl of Mar, .... 66

Huguenot Cross, 105

Inscription, Mar Vault, Alloa, 64, 65

Old House in Burntisland, •....» 80

Palaeolithic Hearth-place, 136

Palaeolithic Weapon, . . . . • 137

Sculptured Stone from Dudhope, 15

Tombstone at Mortlach, 4

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Northern Notes and Queries

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The Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes and Queries

CONTENTS.

Notes.

586. Will of the Countess of Mar, 1603,

587. Tombstone in Mortlach Church,

588. Pedigree of Pitcairn of Innernethy,

589. Episcopalian Registers at Leith,
59a Sculptured Stones from Dudhope

Castle ....

591. Heraldic Needlework, .

592. Skean Dubh, ....

593. Erskine of Dun, .

594. Barony of Md? ille,

595. Old Cross at Minnigaffi

596. Basane.

597. Accounts of Sir John Foulis, .

598. Refuge Stones of Torphichen,

599. Marriages in May,

600. Monument to Rev. John Wdwood,
60Z. Antiquarian find in Shetland,

602. Our Public Records,

603. Macdonald of Barrisdale,

604. The Tombstone at Fordoun,

605. Old Dunkeld Seal,

z
3
5
9

14
IS
19
19
20
21
21
23
24
25
as
26
26
30
31
33

606. The Groat Tombstone,

607. Old Stirling Registers, .

608. Englishmen in Scotland,

PAGE

35
35

CCLXIV.

CCLXXVI.

CCLXXVIL

CCLXXVIII.

CCLXXIX.

CCLXXX.

CCLXXXI.

CCLXXXII.

CCLXXXIII.

Queries.

(continued) St. Clairs,
Erskine of Kinnoul,
Erskine, Lord Kinnedar,
The 'Belt'. .
Sheets in Scotland,
Forbes of Knapernay
Dr. Alexander Munro,
Robertson of Strowan,
Sir Peter Young, .

R SPUES.

CCLXIV. De Coucy,
CCLXXIV. De Lard,

Notices of Books, .

40
42
43
43
43
43
44
44
44

The Earls of Ross. — A few copies of the valuable account of the
Earls of Ross and their descendants, which the late Mr. F. Neville
Reid contributed to the Scottish Antiquary^ have been reprinted in an
octavo volume of one hundred and forty-two pages. Mrs. Reid wishes me
to intimate that she requests any person to whom Mr. Reid may have
promised a copy, and who has not received it, to communicate with
C. C. Lacaita, Esq., Selham, Petworth. Ed.

Note. — The Editor docs not hold himself responsible for the opinions
or statements of Contributors,

All Communications to be sent to the Editor of * The Scottish Antiquary^
The Parsonage, Alloa,

586. Will of Annabell Murray, Countess of Mar. — The testa-
ment testamentar lattir will and legacy of me Dame Annabell Murray
Countas of Mar maid be myself at Stirling the fyft day of November the
zeir of god j" six hundreth ane zeirs in pfis of James Kinros of Kippanros
vol. IX.— no. xxxni. a

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Alex' patirsone in Cuikispow James Duncasone nottar and Thomas Ewing
my servitur.

The Inventar of my movablls guides cornis and crop being upon my
landis of the manis of erskyne w* the steilbow gear being upon ye landis
of glenschy w* auchlansky and park of Jargaro pntlie in my possessione and
plenissing of my houss w* my fermis crop j™ sex hundre* ane zeiris To-
githir w* ye pticular Debtis awand to me I Remit to ye comptis, Rentallis
and Inventaris maid be my self and subscryuit w^ my awin hand.

My clething Jewallis and ornamentis of my persone I Remit lykwys to
the Inventars maid be me of the same and subscryuit w^ my awin hand
to be valued be my ex®".

The dets awand be me and servands feallis I have lykwys noiat and
expremit safar as I can remebir and quhat I have omited I Refar to be
gadderit and considderit be the discretione of my ex«" be the informatione
of my servandes q^ hes haid the credit of Receaving and depursing of my
living willing that everie ane salbe treulie payit of the just dett awand to
yame.

Sen nathing is mair certa nor death nor nathing mair incertane nor
the ho' yof and delating fro this pnt lyf and seing that my gude god is
callad {cailand) me to his mcie I confes and firmlie belevis that I salbe
saued in the Ry*teus merits of Jesus christ my Redeimer and onelie
mediator and hopes to be receavit in ye elnall glorie ppairit for his elect
childrein Thairfore I laive my sauU to the almy*tie god my body to be
buried in the new sepulchre in the kirk of alloway besyd my lord my
husband. Item I will that the Relicts of the bodies of the lordes of
Erskyne my lord my sones foirbearis be trasportit fro the bureall place
sutyme i cabuskyne* {Cambuskenneth) to ye said new sepulchre in alloway
thar to remayne expecting the Joyfull resurrectione in Jesus christ Becaus
it was the latt will of my gude lord and husband to be done, and I mak
constituts and ordanes my sone Jo*^® erlle of mar lord erskyne my onlie
executor and itromettur w* my haill guides and geir dewties and dettis
awand to me To pforme and fulfill my legacie and latt will and to pay my
detts and servandis feallis for ye exoneratione of my conscience and his
sonelie deutie to me as he will aser to god and pcure his blessing and
myne. Als it is my will that my said ex®' cans my servandis Thomas
lindsay and Thomas ewing be anserit and payit of all and sundrie dettis
awand to yame of the witsonday and martimes maills a<* j™ sex hundre*
ane zeirs and fermis crop of ye said zeir and zeirs p^ceiding w* ye q^*" my
saids servands hes maid compt and ar to be chairgit in thair comptis yof
To ye effect thay mak paymet of the dets awand be me to sundrie my
crediturs Remiteand be yir piits all uther legacies lattir willis and testa-
ments maid heirtofoir In witnes of ye q^^ I have subscryvit thir pfits
(wretin be James Ducasone noti in Stling) w* my awin hand day zeir place
and witnes foirsaid.

Annabell Murray of Mar.

James Kynross oiF Kippenross witnes, James duncason Nottar witnes.
Alx' patirsone witnes Thomas Ewing witnes,

Annabell Murray was the daughter of Sir William Murray of Tulli-
bardine (the ancestor of the noble house of Athole), and the wife of the
Regent Mar, who died in 1572. It was to her care that James vi. was

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or. Northern Notes and Qtieries. 3

committed at Stirling durliig the earlier years of his life. She survived
her husband for upwards of thirty years, dying in 1603, when, according
to a contemporary annalist, she * peacefully ended her days, respected by
all, hated by none' {Annaks. EccUsiasticae Scotorunty Authore Arch,
SimsonOy Pastore Dalkcthensi — an unpublished MS.). Her last will and
testament, here printed from the original in the possession of Sheriflf
Erskine Murray, Glasgow, is chiefly intetesting from the reference it con-
tains to the burial-place of the family of Mar at Alloa. From it, it would
appear that the Regent, her husband, was the first of the race of Erskine
to be buried at Alloa, and that he had directed in his will that the bodies
of his predecessors in the Lordship of Erskine should be removed from
the Abbey of Cambuskenneth, which, up till his time, had been the
family burial-place, and reinterred * in the new sepulchre in the kirk of
Alloway.' Here too, beside the remains of his father and mother — the
Regent and his countess, Annabell Murray — John, seventh Earl of Mar, was
buried on the 7th of April 1635, his funeral being attended by a great
* concourse of his family and friends,' and on which occasion, according
to Scots Staggering State of Scots Statesmen, * a hare having rim through
the company, his special chamberlain, Alexander Stirling, fell off his horse
and broke his neck.' Strangely enough, all traces of these successive
interments have disappeared. Some years ago the late Earl of Mar and
Kellie instituted a careful and exhaustive examination of the present
family burial-place, which occupies the site of the chancel of the old church
of Alloa, with a view to determine the exact spot where his ancestors had
been laid to rest. The large vault at the east end contained some coffins
of date not earlier than last century. On the north and south walls were
two inscriptions on stone-slabs giving the date of the construction of the
vault by the countess.^ The floor seemed never to have been broken up
for deeper interments. To the west several brick-built graves were found,
but with one exception they contained no remains of any kind. This
complete absence of old coffins is the more remarkable because the Regent
Mar, his wife, and son were undoubtedly buried there. With regard to the
earlier Lords of Erskine, it is possible that the directions in the Regent's
will as to the reinterment of their bodies— directions reiterated by the
countess in her will as above — were never given effect to. This is the more
likely when it is remembered that, when Lady Mar's will was drawn up in
1 60 1, her husband's wishes on the subject had evidently for thirty years
been unattended to. Robert Paul.

Dollar.

587. Tombstone in Mortlach Church. — The Church of Mortlach
is one of the most interesting of northern churches, but it is to be regretted
that so many fanciful legends regarding it have been narrated as facts by
historians and others.

The stone here represented is an exceptionally large slab for a country
church, being 77 inches in length, by 37 in width at the base. The width
at the top is about three inches more. An inscription in old English
letters runs round the four sides, and, being very much worn, has given
rise to incorrect readings. The present writer made a rubbing of the
stone with grass which was thereafter photographed, and as here repro-
duced is, strange to say, fully as clear and legible as is the original in the
I We hope to give plates of these stones in our next number.

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4 The Scottish Antiquary ;

most favourable light. In 1811, Mr. Cowie of Carnie,when schoolmaster
of Mortlach, took advantage of the floor of. the church being raised to
copy out the inscriptions on all the stones that lay on the floor of the
east end of the church. This copy he inserted in the Kirk Session

Minute Book, and it has been accepted as reliable even by Mr. Jervise
after comparing the copy with the originals. Dr. Gordon, in his edition
of Shaw's Moray, and all others who have recorded the inscriptions, have
also given the same copy. But their inaccuracy is very evident. The

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dr. Northern Notes and Queries, 5

reading all the above authorities give of the present stone is as follows : —
* Hie jacet honorabilis vir Johannes Gordon de Brodland qvi obiit apvd
Buchrom anno diii MDxxxiij.' But such never could have been the in-
scription, which now appears as: *. . . clams ... qui obiit ... die
mensis . . . anno diii . . .' It is clear the particular day, month, and
year were never inserted. The first part of the inscription — clarus etc., —
has been made, by a misreading, to do duty for the inscription on an
adjoining stone. Mr. Cowie and the others read it, * tabvlarius de Balvenie '
some suggesting [consjtabvlarius, but no such official as Constable of
Balvenie ever existed. Mr. Jervise says the Constable appears to have
been contemporary with James Douglas of Balvenie, who (Rymer) was
sent to London 19th August 1423, as a Commissioner for the relief of
James i. The adjoining stone with which this stone has been confused
now bears the following, *Hic jacet honorabilis vir . . . anno dni
MDXxxiii mensis aprilis die vndecimo [and, added at a later date] ejvsdem
sponsa Cristina Innes.' It is probable some at least of the lords of Balvenie
buried in their own parish church, viz. Mortlach. The Douglases were
lords of Balvenie early in the fifteenth century. The last Douglas was
succeeded by Sir John Stewart, erected Earl of Athol in 1457. The
tombstone here figured is now well cared for on the wall of the church.
It formerly lay near the position of the high altar. Mr. Jervise says, * It
is a slab under the window at the east end of the church upon which a
cross of the wheel pattern is incised, and a sword under the left arm.'

W. Cramond, LL.D.

CULLEN.

588. Pedigree of Pitcairn of Innernethv, County of Perth. — At
the time I am about to commence with, Innernethy was an estate situated
at the north-eastern entrance to Strathearn, near the confluence of the
Tay and the Earn, and the lands stretched along the north bank of the
Nethy stream, as the name /««^methy indicates, in contradistinction to
Abernethy on the over or other side. The soil must then, as now, have
been of great richness and fertility, being partly deep loam, and partly
clay. The manor place, or mansion house, all traces of which have long
since disappeared, stood near the junction of the Nethy and the Earn.
The situation was fine, facing Abernethy, seated, as old Camden, in his
Description of Scotland^ has it, * at the feet of the Ocellian mountains,'
amid scenes of surpassing beauty. The lands carried with them a right to
salmon fishings super aqua de Erne — a valuable adjunct, pecuniarily and
otherwise. Aifter various devolutions, some of which I shall narrate,
Innernethy, at the present time, forms part of the estate of MoncreiiFe,
belonging to Sir Robert Drummond Moncreiffe, Baronet. Besides Inner-
nethy, the Pitcaims, of whom I purpose giving some account, owned, at
different times^ Cordon, Pitcurran, Haltoun, and Pitblae, places in the
neighbourhood. The last came into the family by the marriage of a
younger son with Isobel Balvaird the heiress, come of an ancient race
who derived their surname from the lands of the same name in the adjoin-
ing parish of Arngask, and who were proprietors of Glentarkie and Pitin-
brog farms in that locality. Innernethy was originally held by the Pitcaims
immediately of the Douglases, as lords of the barony and regality of
Abernethy, by the military tenure of ward and relief but in the year 1598
the then Earl of Angus changed the holding to blench^ with a reddendo of

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one penny Scots at Whitsunday yearly nomine albefirme si petatur tantum.
They were of good standing in Perthshire, and appear to have derived
their descent from the Pitcaims of thatilk^ and Forthar, a family of distinc-
tion in the county of Fife. At all events, the latter were proprietors of
Innernethy at what may be called an early period, for Sir William Fraser,
in The Douglas Booky gives an abstract of a Procuratory of Resigna-
tion, dated the 6th of March 1453, by which Alexander de Petkarne of
that ilk constitutes a certain David Brone, a citizen of St. Andrews, and
John Cluny, a husbandman of Rhynd, his procurators for resigning in the
hands of George, Earl of Angus, Lord of Abemethy, his whole lands of
Ennyrnethy, with the pertinents, in the lordship of Abernethy and shire
of Perth. This is interesting enough to the genealogist, as far as it goes,
but the epitome seems to me to have this demerit, that it does not specify,
as the original must surely have done, whether the resignation so to be
made was to be, as our feudal lawyers call it, ad ferpetuam remanentiam
or /'// favorem, and if the latter, in whose favour. The intimacy that sub-
sisted between the Pitcairns of Forthar and those of Innernethy, when
taken in conjunction with the sameness of surname, would, independently
of the former having once owned Innernethy, seem to point to a blood
relationship between the families. Almost one hundred years after the
date of the above quoted Procuratory, on 29th January 1546, Andrew
Pitcairn, son and heir-apparent of James Pitcairn of Innernethy, and
Jonet Chalmer, wife of the former, had seisin given to them of Innernethy,
by Peter Carmichael, in Bagle (Baiglie near Aberargie), as bailie in hac
parte of a noble Earl, Archibald, Earl of Angus, lord of the regality of
Abernethy— under reservation of the franktenement and possession of
the said lands, manor, garden, and orchard thereof of the said James
Pitcairn, his father.

I shall therefore begin the pedigree with —

I. James Pitcairn of Innernethy, proprietor thereof in the year 1546.
After putting his son in possession of the fee of his estate ut supra, we
find him,* eight years afterwards, occupying the lands of Cordoun in
dominio de Carie^ barony and regality of Abemethie, then belonging to
Ogilvy of that ilk. County of Forfar. After this he drops out of sight and
we hear no more of him. He had issue —

1. Andrew Pitcairn, his heir. (See below as No. II.)

2. George Pitcairn, mentioned in the Inventory of the goods of his

elder brother, as one of his Creditors, but of whom nothing
more definite is at present known.

II. Andrew Pitcairn of Innernethy (son and heir of No. I. supra\ whom
we have seen had seisin of Innernethy from his father in 1546. He gave
up an Inventory of his goods, and made his Will at Innernethye on the
3rd of February 1583, and he died the following day, as appears from his
confirmed testament, recorded in the Commissary Court Books of Edin-
burgh, under date 23rd December 1584. Will mentions Jonet Chalmer,
testator's spouse, and Andrew, his eldest son and heir apparent : Legacy
to Jonet Andersone, testator's oy (granddaughter). Pen led by John
Pitcairn, Notary. In the Edinburgh Testaments there is recorded, under
date September 11, 1578, the confirmed testament of Christian Pitcairne,
spouse to Alexander Andersone, merchant in Perth. They were probably
the parents of the legatee here mentioned. He had issue : —

I. Andrew Pitcairn, his heir. {^See below as No. III.)

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John Pitcairn, a notary practising at Abernethy, and who also
filled the office of Reader at the Church of that parish. On
the 29th of October 1576, he, described as ^John Piicairne^
son of Andrew Pitcaime of Innernethye^ borne there within the
parish of Abemethye, of the aig of tuentie,* was admitted Notary
Public by the Lords of Council and Session, George Auchinleck
of Balmano [in the contiguous parish of Dron] becoming
cautioner for him that he would properly discharge the duties
of his office to the lieges. [Records of Admissions of Notaries,
MS., in Register House, Edinburgh.] In 1583 we find him
mentioned in the Books of Sederunt of the same Lords, as
then being Reader at Abemethy. He married Katharine
Lyell, who is supposed to have been a granddaughter of
Alan Lyell in Inchyra on the north bank of the Tay,
nearly opposite to Innernethy, and who farmed land there
under William Hay, Earl of Errol, and is mentioned in
a Crown Charter in favour of Sir Edward Gray, a chap-
lain, in 1 52 1, to whom the Earl had sold the half of his
lands of Inchesyray, by Charter dated at Dundee on the sth
of October of that year. Mrs. Pitcairn predeceased her
husband in September 1583. Her confirmed testament is
recorded in the Books of the Commissariot of Edinburgh, 23rd
December 1584. Will, Abernethie, 28th September 1583,
witnessed by Andro Pitcairne of Innemethye, Andro Pitcairn,
his son and apparent heir, Mr. James Pitcairn, his youngest
son, Thomas Moir in Aberargy, Mathow Lyell in Colfargy
(Culfargie), her brother, and others: John Pitcairn, her
husband, to be her executor : one-half of the goods in com-
munion to be his : the other half to Michael Lyell, her brother,
and Agnes Lyell, spouse to William Forfar in Colfargie, her
sister, between them : * Leavis of her clathis to Mirabill Lyell,
her brutheris dochtir, her broun kirtill, and to Agnes Lyell
her vthir sister, her blak cloik.'

Mr. James Pitcairn, minister at Falkland, presented to the
vicarage of that parish by King James vi. on the 28th of October
159s (Register of Privy Seal, ms.). He had previously been
doing duty as Reader at Strathmiglo and Lathrisk. Mr. Scott,
in his Fasti Ecclesiee Scoticance, states that he incurred the royal
displeasure, and was confined to his parish in 161 1 for giving
admission, with three others, to the minister of Strathmiglo,
without the archbishop's authority. During the period of his
incumbency, on the 9th of August 16 11, George (Gledstanis),
Archbishop of St. Andrews, made a visitation of the Kirk of
Falkland, The Report drawn up on that occasion is given in
the Records of the Synod of Fife, printed for the Abbotsford
Club, and bears inter alia that * Mr. James Pitcairne, minister
at the said Kirk, is fund to teache twyse on the Sabboth-day,
bot not on the weik dayis. He is removed, tryed, and approvin
be the haill sessioun of that Kirk : elderis and deikins also
approvin.' On 17th January 1605 we find him invoking
the authority of the Lords of the Privy Council against two
refractory debtors of his, viz.: William Rankelour, Kyntyre

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pursuivant (who was probably identical with a person of that
name who figures as a Messenger-at-arms at Cupar circa
1586— Privy Seal, ms., Lib. liv.,/ 21), and William, his son,
and obtaining a warrant to the Captain of the Guard to
apprehend them for not payment to him of ;;^ioo specified in
their obligation to him. Mr. James Pitcairn demitted his
charge in the year 1624 (Register of the Privy Seal).
4. Janet Pitcairn, the wife of Robert Moncrief of Easter Rhynd.
In the year 1598, she, described as his relict, had seisin of the
lands of Wester Pitlour, in the Barony of Strathmiglo, with
tenants, tenandries, and services of free tenants, — on Charter
of Sale and Alienation by Sir James Scot of Balwearie, Knight,
with consent of Elizabeth Wardlaw, his spouse, dated Apud
Kynnemy (in the west of Fife), 1 5th August of the said year,
(Elizabeth Wardlaw (daughter of Andrew Wardlaw of Torrie)
subscribing * with my hand at the pen led by the co-notaries
Publict vndirwritten at my command because I can not
wreit '). The instrument forming the record of this transaction
bears that seisin was given on the ground of the said lands by
an honourable man, James Blyth of Craigie (near Dundee —
son of Richard Blyth, ^ Chalrnerlaine and Granatour* of the
Abbacy of Lindores), as bailie of Sir James, to the said Janet
Pitcairn personally present, and accepting earth and stone of
the lands into her hands, about 12 noon, in presence of Mr.
James Pitcairne, minister of God's word at Falkland, Mr.
James Balcanquell, minister of God's word at Stramiglo, John
Dron, junr. in Pitlour, James Laing in Innemethie, and David
Barclay, mason (Jabro murario) in Cowper. This was a wad-
set for 3000 merks advanced by Mrs. Moncrief to Sir James
Scot. This lady is not mentioned by Mr. George Seton in
his book on the Moncrieffs, neither, is her husband.
III. Andrew Pitcairn of Innemethy (eldest son of No. II.). Oii the
9th of March 1598 he had a Charter from his feudal superior, William, Earl
of Angus, Lord of Douglas and Abernethie, to him and his heirs, of the
lands of Innemethy, and fishings upon the water of Erne^ in the barony
and regality of Abemethy — holden by him immediately of the Earl by the
tenure of ward and relief— on his own resignation, made at the Canongate
perfusiim et baculum : and containing a novodamus of the lands, and pro
bono servitio changing the holding from ward to that of libera alba firma^
reddendo inde annuatim unum denarium vsualis monete regni Scotie at
Whitsunday on the ground of the said lands in nomine albefirme sipetatur.
This Charter bears to be written * in qfficina scriptoria Adami Lautie scriba
infra Edinburgum^^ by Daniel Melvill his servitor, and to be witnessed by
Mr. Richard Douglas of Brokeholles (who appears to have been much
about the Earl), Alexander Douglas, Captain of Temptallon^ Laurence
Oliphant, servitor to Mr. William Oliphant, advocate [afterwards Sir W^illiam
Oliphant of Newton, King's Advocate], and Robert Kirkwood, notary public
This laird and the minister of Abernethy, Mr. Archibald Moncrief (proprie-
tor of Balgonie adjoining Innemethy), appear to have been at variance, for
in 1603, 1 find the latter taking out 'Letters of Lawborrows' against him, and
on the loth of November of that year Henry Pitcairn of that ilk becoming
cautioner for him in the sum of 1000 merks that he would not harm Mr.

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Moncrief. The bond of caution was written by Mr. Andrew Pitcairn, scribe,
and subscribed at Pitcairn [near Leslie], the loth of November 1603. Four
days later, he, and his wife Marion Spence, executed a discharge in favour
of James Philp, portioner of Berriehole [parish of Abdie], of 1050 merks
secured to them over certain lands belonging to the grantee lying in the
Hauche of Newburgh, — one of the witnesses to this being Mr. Andrew
Pitcairn, his son and heir-apparent. He seems to have participated in the
spoils of the Collegiate Church of Abernethy, At all events he owned a
tenement and croft of land in the territory of Abernethy which had
belonged to the Prebend, variously written Forevin^ Forevinschip and
Jnrlevin fundit of auld within the said Church. In the year 161 1 we find
him feuing this prebend subject to one Robert Ferny and his spouse,
Marjory Culros, for a feu-duty yearly of 6s. 8d. Scots and tuentie scheir
dearie of guid and sufficient scheararis according to vse and wont in Inner-
nethye yeirlie betuix the feistis of Lambes and Michelmes yeirlie in all tyme
cuming allenarlie. His sister, Mrs. Moncrief, supra, disponed to him her
right to the lands of Wester Pitlour, which she had in pledge from Sir
James Scot of Balwearie. The right of reversion of these lands having
being transferred by Sir James to Alexander Moncrief, master falconer
to King James the Sixth (afterwards Sir Alexander Moncrief of Balcaskie,
Knight), the latter, on the 15th of December 1600, redeemed them from
this Andrew Pitcairn of Innernethie by paying him 3000 merks. The
redemption was made within the Kirk of Strathmiglo at tua houris eftir
nwne, or thereby, in presence of James Ramsay of Corstoun, Andrew
Bickertoun of Casche, and others.

{To be continued,)

589. Episcopalian Registers at Leith (viii. 125, 169). — The sug-
gestion made, page 169, that the readers of the Scottish Antiquary m^hmg
to possess a printed transcript of these interesting old registers should
send their names, has only resulted in two names being sent. It is
therefore plain that it would not be prudent to proceed with the work,
and the less satisfactory course must be adopted of giving a selection of
entries which are likely to prove interesting and valuable.

The Register of Baptisms kept by Bishop Forbes commences the 20th
of December 1735. Each of the Baptisms is numbered from i to 883.

No. 123. A.D. 1740, June 8 (ist Sunday after Trinity). Mr. John Skinner
came to my Room after Vespers, and, at his own Desire, received
Baptism from me, after he had declared that he was not satisfied
with the Sprinkling of a Layman (a Presbyterian Teacher) he had
received in his Infancy, and had adduced several weighty Arguments
for this his Conduct A.D.O.M.P.F.S.S.1

No. 169. A.D. 1 74 1, Sept 18. South Leith. I baptized a son, named John,
to Ronald ArDonald; before these Witnesses, Alex'. M'^donald,
Duncan Campbell, Mrs. Anne M'^Donald, &c.

* In a register of names of persons confirmed, written in this same volume, is : —
* 1740, June 9. Mr. John Skinner (engaged to be Tutor to the Laird of Scalloway's son
in Zetland) received the Benefit of Confirmation from Bishop Keith, the chair of
Ed' being then vacant by the Death of Bishop Freebairn.* Mr. John Skinner's marriage
is given, Scot, Aniiq, vi. 99. He was born 1721, and was the well-known father of
Bishop Skinner, and composer of the * Reel of Tulluchgonim.' See OchUrtyre Papers^
vol. ii. His father was parish schoolmaster of Echt in Aberdeenshire.

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Nos. 226 & 227. A.D. 1743, Saturday, Oct 29th. South Leith — in my own
room between the Hours of 8 and 9 in the Morning. William Rattray
and Rachel Rattray, Sister and Brother, at their own particular Desire,
received Baptism from my Hands (according to the office of Baptism
to such as are of riper years) after they had declared that they were
quite dissatisfied with the Sprinkling of a Layman (a Presbyterian
Teacher) they had received in their infancy. A.D.O.M.P.F.S.S.

No. 230. 1743, Saturday, Dec, 17. Christian Rattray baptised; [entry
similar to above.]

1744. N,B, — An Interruption happens here from my being sent as a
Missionary to Air where I performed the Duties of my Office from
Dec. 27th, 1743, to May 9th, 1744.

174s, May 10. Mention made of the Rev. Mr. Robert Douglas in Dunblane.
Note by Editor. — After an entry dated Aug. 28, 1745, follows this
Mem. :

N,B, — Here a great Interruption has happened by my misfortune
of being taken prisoner at St. Ninians (in Company with the Rev.
Messrs. Thomas Drummond and John Willcox, Mr. Stewart Car-
michaell and Mr. Robert Clerk and Jas. Mackay and James
Carmichael, servants) upon Saturday the 7th of Sept. 1745, and
confined in Stirling Castle till Feb. 4, 1746, and in Edinburgh Castle
till May 29 of said year. We were seven in number, taken upon the
Seventh Day of the week, the Seventh Day of the month, and the
Seventh Month of the Year, reckoning from March.

No. 262. A.D. 1746, June 23. Citadel of Leith. I baptized a daughter
named Margaret, to John Rattray, Surgeon ; Dr. John Clerk being God-
father, my Lady Elphinstone, Junior, and Mrs. Anne Mayne being
Godmothers,

No. 265. A.D. 1746, Aug. 26. North Leith. I baptized a Son, named
Thomas, to Thomas Lekland in the Glass-work, Thomas Sommer and
Jeremiah Stamford being Godfathers, and Mrs. Sommer, Grand-
mother of the child, Godmother.^

No. 285. A.D. 1748, Feb. 14. Links of Leith, <j//Vm Laugh-at-Leith. I bap-
tized a Daughter named Mary, to John Pew, Farmer (his four and
twentieth child) before these witnesses, Jeremy and William Pews,
Anne and Elizabeth Pews, etc.^

No. 319. 1751, May 2. North Leith (at 4 afternoon). I baptized a son
named James, to James Scott, Writer to the Signet, James Scott of
Hawden (Grandfather of the child) being Godfather, and Mrs. Girzel
and Rachel Marjoribanks (aunts of the child) being Godmothers.

No. 332. 1751, Dec. 14. South Leith, at my own House. Margaret
Marjoribanks (alias Mrs. Scott) of North Leith, at her own particular
Desire received Baptism from my Hands (according to the office of
Baptism to such as are of riper Years) after she had declared that she
was dissatisfied with the sprinkling of a presbyterian Teachef she had
received in her infancy. A.D.O.M.P.F.S.S.

Note by Editor. — 1752, Aug. 2. The Rev. Mr. Wm. Forbes of
Fisherro w — men tioned .

No. 362. A.D. 1754, March 31. Edinburgh, sth Sunday in Lent, after

^ A daughter, Margaret, baptised July 28, 1748.

' Several of his children are entered in this Register as baptised— A 25lh child, post-
humous, was baptised July 21, 1 751. He was twice married.

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Vespers. I baptized a Daughter named Forbes Alexandera and
Archibalda, to Archibald Mack Donell of Barisdale, then prisoner in
the Castle of Edr. and under Sentence of Death, the mother of the
Child (Daughter of MacLeod of Drynagh) taking the Vows upon
herself, before these Witnesses, Charles Leslie, Mrs. Leslie, and Mrs.
MacLauchlen.
No. 364. A.D. 1754, April 26. Fisherraw. I baptized a Daughter named
Marion to the Rev. Mr. William Forbes, before these Witnesses, Mrs.
Dalrymple (Grandmoy' of y® child), Jas. Forbes, Mrs. Forbes, Mrs.
Cassils, Janet Forbes, Janet and Margaret Rattrays.
Nos. 381 and 382. a.d. 1755, Sep. 14. 16* Sunday after Trinity, after
Vespers. I baptized Charles Watt, and Isabel Tower, come to years
of Discretion and capable of Answering (under God) for themselves,
and who in their Infancy had been sprinkled by Presbyterian Teachers,
&c. A.D.O.M.P.F.S.S.
No. 384. A.D. 1755, Nov. 20. Fisher-raw. I baptized a Daughter named
Helen, to the Rev. Mr. William Forbes, he himself being Godfather,
and Mrs. Colt and Mrs. Margt. Forbes (Daur. of the said Mr. Wm.
Forbes) being Godmothers.
No. 386. A.D. 1756, Jan'- 4. Bonnyhaugh. I baptized the posthumous
Daughter of Mr. Stewart Carmichael, named Stewartina-Catherine ;
Bp. Keith (Grandfay') being Godfather, and Mrs. Keith (Grand-
mother) and Mrs. Forbes being Godmothers.

Note by Ed. — 1756, Aug. 9. *R. Dr. Wm. Abernethie' mentioned.
No. 395. A.D. 1756, Oct. 2. Leith. I baptized a son named Andrew, to
Charles Mitchell of Pitedie; before these Witnesses, Mr. William
Forbes, Mrs. Kath. and Marion Forbeses, Miss Ramsay, &c.
No. 398. A.D. 1757, Feb. 17. Castle-hill of Ed'- I baptized a Daur. to
Archibald Mack Donell of Barisdale, named Bruce-Cot ton-Ly on, y*
Moy' taking y® Vows upon herself; before these Witnesses, Mr. Forbes,
Mr. Hay, Mrs. Isabella Mack-Donell and Mrs. Bettie MacDonal.
No. 407. A.D. 1757, Nov. I. South Leith. I baptized a Daughter to
Charles Mitchel of Pitedie, named Jean ; before these Witnesses, Mr.
William Forbes, Mrs. Kath. and Marion Forbesses, &c.
No. 416. 1759, Jan. 20. South Leith. I baptized a son named William
to Mr. Charles Mitchel of Pitedie, before these Witnesses, Mr. Wm.
Forbes, Mrs. Kath. and Marion Forbesses and Miss Lindsay.
No. 421. A.D. 1759, April 12. Maunday Thursday, after Matins. I bap-
tized Mrs. Barbara Blaw, of Kirkwall in Orkney, at her own desire,
who had been sprinkled by a Presbyterian Teacher in her infancy,
etc.
No. 425. A.D. 1759, July 3. Ed', by the order of Bp. Falconar, he being
not well. I baptised a son named Robert, to Walter Ruddiman,
Junior, printer ; before these witnesses, Robert and Wm. Aulds, Mrs.
Auld, Mrs. Hay, etc.
No. 433. A.D. 1760, July 17. Castle of Ed'. I baptized a daur. named
Katharine, to Archibald Macdonell of Barisdale, before these wit-
nesses, Mr. Wm. M*Donald, writer, Messrs. MacDonald and Grant,
belonging to the Castle, Mrs. MacDonald, etc.
No. 436. A.D. 1760, Dec. 7. South Leith, 2nd Sunday in Advent, after
vespers. I baptized a daugr. named Margaret, to Mr. Charles
Mitchel of Pitedie ; before these witnesses, Mr. Wm. Forbes, Mrs.
Kath. and Marion Forbesses, and Miss Lindsay.

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Nos. 443 and 444. a.d. 1762, Aug. 10. hour 9 and 10 morning at Loch-
end, in Caithness. I baptized two of riper years, viz., William and
Elizabeth Campbells, son and daur. of Mr. Jas. Campbell of
Lochend, in presence of the fay' and moy', and then confirmed
them.

Nos. 445, 446, and 447. a.d. 1762, Aug. 29. Inverness, 12th Sunday
after Trinity. I baptized three of riper years, viz., Jas., Anne, and
Christian, son and daurs. of Mr. Robt. Macintosh, Farmer at
Termit, in presence of the parents, etc., and in the name of ye
Rev. Mr. John Stewart, after vespers, he holding the water, and then
I confirmed y" w' y' parents and ye brave Alexr. Macintosh of Epech,
w' ye marks of more than 20 wounds on his Body.

No. 450. A.D. 1762, Dec. I. Leith. I baptized Mrs. Katherine Balfour,
one of riper years and niece to Lady Sinten. A.D.O.M.P.F.S.S.

No. 457. A.D. 1763, July 10. South Leith. I baptized a daur. in ye 7th
month named Rachel, to Adolphus Happell, Sugar-boiler, before
these witnesses, Mrs. Midcaf and Mrs. Trotter.
Note by Ed. — A son John baptised 5th May 1765.

No. 511. A.D. 1767, Feb. 4, Wednesday. South Leith. I baptized Mr.
Allan Cameron, from Lochaber, a person of riper years, who, in his
infancy, had been sprinkled by an unauthorized Holder-forth.

No. 526. 1768, Aug. 29, Monday. Muthill in Perthshire. I baptized a
son named William, to the Rev. Mr. William Ersk3me, Laurance
Oliphant of Cask and Capt. William Drummond being Godfay", and
Mrs. Oliphant of Cask, Junior, being Godmoy', in ye chapel and
before sSral witnesses.

No. 537. 1769, Aug. 2. Leith, in my private chapel. I baptized Jean
Sinclair, Lady Barrack, and Daughter of Sinclair of Freswick, after
morning-prayer, none present but Mrs. Forbes.

[Note.] In the months of June and July, in a journey northward
to Inverness, etc. etc. etc., baptised 277 of q" only one lately bom
and not sprinkled irregularly. Soli Deo P. F. S. S. sit laus and
Gloria in Secula Seculorum, Amen and Amen. See the Lists.^

No. 843. A.D. 1771, Jan. 19. South Leith. I baptized one of riper years,
viz., Mr. William Murray, engaged to be poedagogue to Drummond,
alias MacGregor of Balhaldie, in the Town of Stirling.

No. 847. A.D. 1 77 1, March 26. Thursday, Ed', Cowgate. I baptized a
Son named Robert Forbes, to James Robertson, Mirrour Manu-
facturer; before these witnesses, Alexr. Robertson, Malcolm Mac-
Dermit, John Coupland, etc.

No. 878. A.D. 1775, May 25. Ascension Day, in my large Chapel. I
baptized a female child, a Foundling, named Margaret Primrose,
Mrs. Janet and Margaret Rattrays taking the vows upon themselves,
the Sirname to be Bell, as the Child, about a year old, had been laid
down at the door of Mr. William Bell, Wine-Merch*, on Thursday
night. May 18, when the said Miss Peggie Rattray discovered it from
its cries about 1 2 o'clock, and went from the oy" side of the street,
and took it up, though a dark night, and laid in the same bed with

^ Unfortunately, these lists are not preserved.

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herself and sisten Blessed are the merciful^ for they shall obtain
Mercy,

Note by Ed. — The last entry, No. 883, is dated Sep. 30, 1775.

Extracts from the Rev. William Laws,^ Register of Baptisms at Leith.

1734. June 21. James, son of Alexander Campbel, Juinner, then at
London, and Anna Maxwell.

1738. Jan. 22. James, son of Mr. John Hay in Restalrig. W, Alexr.

Hay, Mrs. Allan and Mrs. Watson; born 21.

1739. May 15. Thomas, son of Mr. John Hay in Restalrig. W. Sheriff

Hay the grandfather, and Mrs. Craigy the aunt ; born
14th at 10 at night.

1748. Mar, 28. Charles, daughter («V'.)of Mr. James Oliphant, merchant.
W, Mr. Cheine, Chirurgion, Mrs. Cheape and Mrs.
Binning ; born the same day.

1752. Nov. 2. Patrick Middleton, daughter (sic) of Mr. Rolland, ship-
master, Mr. Grant, surety. W, George Anderson, the
two grandmothers, Mrs. Grant ; born Oct. 30th.

Extract from the Rev. Robert Forbes * Register of those who were
presented by me to my ordinary to receive the Benefit of Con-
firmation.' 2

1736. June 24. William Areskine, my countryman and school fellow.
„ Oct. 4. John Falconar, son to Lord Hackerton, and Walter
Cornwall, son to Bonhard.

1738. Mar. 23. James Allan, son to Hary Allan, writer.

„ April 26, James Donaldson, son to Wm. Donaldson, Esquire, of

Murroch, near Dunbarton.
„ Dec. 7. Charles Allan, son to Hary Allan, writer.

1739. Mar. 13. Son of the Tutor of Gordon.

1 740. June 9. Mr. John Skinner (engaged to be Tutor to the Laird of

Scalloways son in Zetland).^
„ Oct. 23. Mrs. Clementina Craw, daughter of John Craw of East
reston. Esquire.

1 742. Mar. 5. John Allan, son of Hary Allan, writer.

1743. Nov. 2. William and Rachel Rattrays, children of the deceas't

Mr. Rattray, Surgeon in the Canongate.
„ „ Mary Stirling, daughter of Sir Hary Stirling of Ardoch.

„ „ Elizabeth Allan, daughter of Hary Allan, writer.

„ Dec. 22. Christina Rattray, 'daughter of the surgeon ut supra,*

1747. Aug. 13. Alexandrina Allan, youngest daughter of Hary Allan,

writer.
„ Oct. 8. Robert Allan, youngest son of Hary Allan, writer.

1748. Mar. 31. Beatrix Fyffe, servant to my Lady Balmerino, Relict of

Lord Arthur.
1751. Aug. 28. Rebekah Carmichael, niece to my Lady Stewart.
1 755- Mar, 15. Janet and Margaret Rattrays, daughters of Mr. John

Rattray, surgeon in Edr.

* Mr. Law was coadjutor with Mr. Forbes.

' Mr. Forbes was consecrated Bishop of Ross and Caithness in 1762,

' For his marriage see Scot, Antiq, v. 6, p. 99.

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Note. — Between July i6 and Sept. 2, 1762, Bishop Forbes con-
firmed 616 persons at Inverness, Fortrose, Arpaphily,
Ord, Dingwall, Thurso, Wick, etc., etc., etc., of which
attested lists have been preserved.

1764. June 19. At Torbrex, 3 sons of the Rev. Mr. George Cheyne, wt. ye
chrism, viz. Hugh-James, Thos. Rede, and Ninian-
Richard.
„ „ 20. At Alloa, the eldest son of the Rev. Mr. George Cheyne,
wt. ye chrism, named Charles Alexander, at the desire
of Bishop John Alexander.

1 76 1. July II. At Newcastle-upon-Tine I confirmQd twenty persons at
the Desire of Bp. Gordon of London,^ according to a
holograph list subscribed by the Rev. Mr. John
Mansfield their Pastor.
„ Nov. II. Jean Couper about 80 years old.

1767. Aug. 29. Eliz. Sutherland, daughter of Lieut. DufTus and Lady of
Sinclair of Olrich, wt ye chrism.

1769. Aug. 2. Jean Sinclair, Lady Barrack and daur. of Freswick.
„ „ 9. At Moffat twixt 9 and 10 morns I confirmed Bp. Gordon,
who to my astonishnt. had declared ye night before yt
he had strong doubts and scruples of his having never
received yt Benefit, none was present but Mrs. Forbes,
S.D.G.
„ Nov. 17. Mr. Wm. Smith, nephew of ye Rev. Mr. Alex. Lunan
with the chrism.

' N,B. — In a journey northward to Inverness, Ross-shire, Strath-
nairn, Lochaber, Appin in Argileshire, etc., confirmed
152 1 in the months of June and July. Soli Deo,
P.F.S.S. sit laus et gloria in Secula Seculorum. Amen
et Amen.' ' See the list.'

1772. Feb. 24. Ash Wednesday Margaret MacLeod, Cadbolls daughter.
„ Dec 17. Anne Hamilton, daughter of Kilibrachmont.

590. Sculptured Stones from Dudhope Castle, — From Dundee
Advertiser,^ — While workmen were engaged lately in removing the old
Powder Magazine in Dudhope Park they came upon the sculptured stone
of which our sketch is a representation. It has been originally an
oblong block, about 3 feet, by i foot 6 inches, by 6 inches thick, and had
been used by the builders of the Magazine as a rubble stone, laid with
the sculptured side downwards. As there was no outward sign of carving
on the external front of the stone, the workmen did not exercise special
care in its removal, and unfortunately when it fell the block was split, but
not so far destroyed as to make the carving indecipherable. The stone
appears to have been one of the tympany stones which were over the
dormer windows on the south side of Dudhope Castle. These windows
were removed by the Government when the roof of the Castle was altered
to adapt it as a barracks ; and as the Powder Magazine was then in
course of erection, this stone had been utilised in the manner described.
The arms are those of Livingstone, and the initials have been D. M. L.,

^ One of the English Nonjuring Bishops.

» The plate of the stone has been kindly lent by the proprietor.

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for Dame Magdalen Livingstone (the D. having been on the upper part of
the stone above the one discovered), who was the wife of Sir James
Scrymgeour of Dudhope, Constable of Dundee. The date * 1600 ' is very
plain, and indicates the time when the Castle of Dudhope was greatly
altered and extended. Magdalen Livingstone was the daughter of the
fifth Lord Livingstone, and sister of one of * the Queen's Maries.' She
survived her husband for several years, as her name is found in connection
with the estate subsequent to his death in 161 2. Her son was created
Viscount Dudhope, and her great-grandson was first Earl of Dundee.

591. Heraldic Needlework. — In a paper on the study of Heraldry
which appeared in the Scottish Antiquary (vol. vi. p. i), I urged that
Heraldic designs were very suitable for various descriptions of Art Needle-
work, as providing both a variety of effective patterns and a combination
of colour which would certainly be harmonious and pleasing. Some of the
many lady readers of the Antiquary have noted these remarks, and it may
be well to consider this portion of the subject more fully. Though em-
broidery was in the middle ages studied and practised as a trade, yet we
know that it held an important place in the daily routine of every
well-ordered family of good position. The lady, her daughters, and her
female dependants, having no books, occupied themselves when not en-
gaged in domestic duties or in recreation, in spinning or embroidering,
and much of the furnishing which added dignity and brightness to the
house was the work of the inmates. In what estimation embroidered
work was held is shown by the frequent mention made of it in old wills,
which also throw a light, not only on the use to which it was put, but
the material and pattern of which it was composed. Thus Anne, Lady
Maltravers, by will dated Feb. 18, 1374, left * to John my son, a dozer (or
hanging) of green, powdered with dolphins.'

Richard, Earl of Arundel, 4th March 1392, left to his son Richard * the
hangings of the large hall of the Arms of Arundel and Warren quarterly,*
to his son Thomas, * a blue bed of silk embroidered with griffens . . .
also, the white and red hangings embroidered with my arms in the midele.'

But this fashion was not confined to the nobility — * the walls of the
mansion-houses of the wealthy citizens were hung with pieces of tapestry,
known as costers or dorsers^ elaborately worked with the needle to represent
coats of arms or the figures of birds and beasts ' (Catalogue of Wills of
Hustings, London, vol. ii. p. xxxii.) The following are instances of this
fashion —

Agnes, widow of Thomas Fraunceys of London, Chandler, by will

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made 1348, left to her daughter Marion, 'a green coverlet powdered with
roses and lilies.'

John Preston of London, Corder, by will dated 6th May 1353, left to
John Costantyn, *a dossar with dragon/ and to his nurse, *a coverite
powdered with pence/ Le, ornamented here and there with silver
pennies.

William Hynelond of London, Clerk, by will dated 13th December
137 1, bequeathed *a dorser and banker (covering of bench) to match,
powdered with birds and roses.'

John Stoke, Burgess of Bristol, in his will dated 5 th October 1381,
mentions a bed of blood colour, embroidered with an eagle, a white bed
embroidered, and a bed of ruby colour embroidered. It may be noted
that in the absence of a withdrawing-room, the state bed-room was used
by the lady of the house and her female friends, and was furnished with
regard to its public use.

John de Coggeshale of London, Corder, by will made 1385, bequeathed
divers * dorsers, corsers, and quysshyns (cushions), with figures of peacocks
and other animals worked in tapestry thereon . . . and donsers and
bankers ornamented with angels and knights, and quysshyns marked with
his sign,' i.€. embroidered with his merchant's mark.

*A couering of variand purpir tartar browdin (embroidered) with
thriseillis and a vnicorne,' 1488, Accounts of the Lord High Treasurer (of
Scotland), vol. L p. 85.

That the same fashion existed abroad, is shown by an entry in the.
archives of the city of Malines. 1601, 5 th June, by a formal deed,
Catherine Wittock, second wife of Cornelius van Halen, of the Guild of
the Weavers, stipulated that amongst other articles of furniture she was to
have ' deux coussins aux armes de van den Berghe,' which had belonged
to her husband's mother, Elizabeth van den Berghe.

It is not necessary to multiply instances which must be well known to
all who are acquainted with the contents of 14th and 15th century
English wills. Of late years a notable improvement has taken place in art
needlework. Stiff and tasteless designs executed in German wool on
canvas have been superseded by work that can fairly be styled embroidery.
A demand has also arisen for such work, not only for the adornment
of churches, with altar cloths, or pulpit and wall hangings, but also foj
the embellishing of our homes ; yet in this last department much remains
to be done. So many devices available for embroidery have been taken
possession of by the weaver, that ladies may well hesitate before they repeat
a design a less industrious or enthusiastic neighbour can purchase woven
by machinery. One word more before I have done with German wool-
work. The coarse stitch, which is effective enough for cushions when dis-
playing a geometrical pattern, is quite unsuitable for hangings or for figures
or floriated work. Wool-work on very fine canvas, while it produces much
the same effect as tapestry, requires an immense amount of labour to
cover a large space, and this alone must deter any but the most enthusi-
astic and industrious workers from employing it ; in fact, German wool-
work, coarse or fine, has had its day, and has been supplanted by work in
which the spirit of the old embroiderers is recognised. An improved taste
in furnishing our dwelling-rooms has introduced the use of hangings and
curtains, which offer a wide field for the display of the embroiderers skill
and taste. Usually these hangings are purchased ready woven in some

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admired pattern. There is in this a danger that, patterns, however good,
becoming common, the eye may miss that variety of form and colour and
that fitness of design which alone give lasting satisfaction. I would' there-
fore urge that curtains as well as cushions and banner-screens should be
embroidered or otherwise adorned by hand, and that the doing this will
form a pleasing occupation for ladies who love art needlework. Heraldry
offers appropriate designs, not only to those whose armorial bearings
are duly recorded — but to others who may have some connection with
public Institutions, authorised to make use of arms ; for instance, graduates
of Universities might intimate their connection with such learned bodies
by displaying the arms of their University, and also of their College — Arms
of cities, burghs, and Corporate bodies would be available to very many
others, and even in cases where it would not be correct to introduce a full
armorial blazon, no objection could be made to the use of our national
arms, or to powdering the surface of curtains or hangings with mono-
grams, rebuses, or other fanciful and appropriate devices, with short
mottoes or " sentences suitable to the surroundings on scrolls. I
will at once meet an objection which is sure to be raised, namely,
that a display of armorial bearings would necessarily be ostenta-
tious— a display of bogus arms, that is, arms assumed without a
right to bear them, would be worse than ostentatious, it would be
wholly unjustifiable. No person in Great Britain has a right to make
use of a coat of arms which has not been allowed to him or his direct
noale ancestors, either by the College of Arms in England, the Court of JLyon
King of Arms in Scotland, or the Court of Ulster King of Arms in Ireland.
As it is improper and absurdly ostentatious to engrave bogus arms or crests
on plate or harness, to paint them on carriage panels or church windows,
or to carve them on funeral monuments, so it would be improper and
absurdly ostentatious to decorate the house with cushions, hangings, or
banner screens embroidered with self-assumed arms or crest* But where
a family has a legal right to bear arms,* it surely need not be deemed more
ostentatious to make a suitable use of them as a means of appropriate
decoration of the hou^e than to paint them on the panels of the carriage.
The charge of ostentation would only hold good if such decorative use of
arms was exaggerated ]by the multiplicity of articles so decorated, and by
giving undue prominence to what is intended to aid, not to injure a
harmonious effect. As such forms of decoration can only be successfully
employed by those possessing good taste, the using of such decoration can
be safely left to them.

We will now proceed to consider how a blazon of arms should be
treated when intended for the decoration of a large curtain or hanging, say
not less than 8 feet by 5 feet. Care must be taken to secure an artistically
designed drawing of the whole device, which includes shield, helmet,
mantling, wreath and crest, with a motto on a scroll usually below the
arms, and in some case a word, called a * cri ' on a small scroll above the
crest. When the shield is charged with four or more quarterings, and
even when it is charged with husband's and wife's arms impaled — these

^ It may be well to remark that paying duty for armorial bearings does not confer
any legal right to use them. A man who buys a signet ring with arms engraved on it and
wears it or uses it to seal with, will be taxed for armorial bearings. Officers of Excise
do not inquire into the user's riglit, they simply lax him for the use, right or wrong, of
armorial devices.

VOL. IX. — NO. XXXIII. B

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additional coats should be omitted and the paternal coat only retained —
this will avoid too great minuteness of detail and the possible commixture
of unsuitable colours. For instance, if a coat consists of four quarters,
three of which have a red field and the fourth a blue one, the effect at a
little distance would not be good. It is not suggested that these extra
coats should not be made use of; they will come in appropriately on
separate and smaller shields apart from the paternal coat and its acces-
sories, and can be placed at the corners of the curtain sufficiently near
to the central design. Having thus obtained the simplest possible coat
of arms, care must be taken that the chief blazon is drawn in a con-
ventional and yet spirited manner. Those who appreciate the superiority
of modern art needlework designs over the spiritless productions of half
a century ago will understand the necessity of seeking from ancient
examples the most effective rendering of heraldic charges. Boutell in his
work on Heraldry gives some very good examples, and Foster in his
Peerage and Baronetage gives some spirited blazons, though, as a rule, his
supporters are too quaintly fanciful, and the proportions as to size of the
various accessories of the shield are often incorrect When there are no
supporters it is well to make the mantling full. An old Flemish example
is given in the Scottish Antiquary (v. iii. p. 91) which has been very much
admired. The reader on referring to it will see that the whole device
would be very suitable from its length and breadth for a curtain.
Having made a boldly outlined drawing of the achievement to be
employed, of a size taking up about two-thirds of the whole area, colour it
properly for guidance in work. The mantle should be of the colour of the
field, with the lining of the colour of the principal bearing. Thus the
mantling of the arms of Scotland is gold with red lining (the shield being
gold, the charge a red lion); the mantling of the English arms is red with a
gold lining (the shield being red, the lions gold). The wreath should be of
two alternate colours, that of the field being on the dexter side (e,g,
opposite your left hand as you face it), succeeded by that of the charge.
Thus the Scottish wreath would be alternate gold and red, the English
alternate red and gold, the helmet which supports both mantle and crest
should be blue, rather lighter than heraldic blue, as representing steel,
with yellow studs, etc. For various sorts of helmets as indicating different
ranks, peers, knights, gentlemen, see any good manual of heraldry.
Care should be taken that the crest is of size proportionate to the helmet
and shield. In one of Mr. Foster's blazons, a closed hand for a crest is
represented as wide across as half the width of the shield underneath !
Be careful that the full-sized coloured cartoon has the outlines boldly
defined, and that no more lines are introduced than are needed to denote,
say, the mane and eyes of a lion or the veins of a leaf, no lines to represent
shading are allowable, save perhaps a few where the mantling emerges
from behind the shield ; these lines must be few, bold, and following for
a short distance only the form of the mantle. Now stretch the curtain on
which the design is to be wrought, or such part of it as will be covered, on
a frame, but not too tightly — procure suitable stuff, not of silk but of some
woollen fabric, make an accurate tracing of the cartoon on tracing paper,
cut this out according to colour, and cut the several pieces of cloth as
required by these patterns, stitch lightly on the curtain and then, with chain
or not too regular button-hole stitch, with black or dark brown fine
wool, sew round each piece, add such lines as are necessary and back the

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whole curtain with some thinner material. If fringe is used it should be
of two colours as the wreath. This adoption of applique work to heraldic
designs can be made most effective and is far less laborious than em-
broidery— and is available for large surfaces such as curtains for doors,
or wall-hangings for halls, or walls on stairs. Cushions or fire-screens can
be embroidered on silk or cloth, but the smaller surface should not be
over-crowded with a whole blazon unless the armorial bearings are very
simple, in which case the mantling should be restricted to surrounding the
helmet. A good effect is produced by simply embroidering the crest issuing
from the wreath on the centre of a cushion, powdering the rest of the
surface with some suitable devices such as roses, crosslets, acorns,
shamrocks, thistles, buckles, or stars, where a full armorial blazon is not
desirable. Beasts, birds, and fishes, with flowers and fruit, conventionally
treated, furnish materials out of which most effective designs for em-
broidery can be composed.

A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

592. Skean Dubh (vol. vii. pp. 78, 128). — A note in your issue of
January 1893, initialled *J. M*G.,' has only now come under my notice,
and I hope I am not too late to reply to it. The knife to which * J. M*G.'
refers I believe to be the identical one he speaks of having seen and
examined in Burke's shop in Crieff. He appears to have been a little hasty
in this matter. If he had examined it more carefully he must have seen
that, whoever it may have belonged to, it was a very old one. For what-
ever purpose the knife was made or used, its age is, I think, beyond doubt.
I should think that, to an antiquary, it would be a matter of indifference
to whom an article belonged. If it proves itself to be of a certain period,
it is interesting as showing the workmanship of that period, and possesses
the romantic interest attached to every relic of the ancient Highlands.
The dealer in this case acted honourably and fairly, and, after telling me
exactly what she knew about the knife, proposed that I should take it with
me to Edinbugh, the question of my purchasing it or not to rest entirely
on the result of my submitting it to a skilled antiquarian for his opinion.
This I did, showing it to a very higlv authority, who informed me it had
every appearance of belonging to a very early period, being the oldest
knife of the kind he had seen. Of course no one can say to whom it
belonged. The history of it, the dealer's version, is as given in the letter-
press accompanying the woodcut. She also told me it was sold, with many
other objects of antiquarian interest, from the Taymouth Collection, on the
death of the last Marquis of Breadalbane. As yet I have found nothing
to show that this is improbable. As ' J. M*G.' has examined and handled
the weapon, will he point out what led him to disbelieve the story, and
what in the knife itself shows it to be spurious ?

A. Rankin,

593. Erskine of Dun (vols. iv. pp. 116, 183; vi. 49, 182; vii. 2).
Heir Males. —

XVI. Alexander, a younger son of David Erskine of Dun, by Jean [or
Margaret] Lumsdain, was a merchant in Montrose. In a
Crown Charter of 1732 he is designated brother-german to
the Honourable David Erskine. Wife unknown. He had
issue :

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(3)

(i) Major-General David Erskine, who died unmarried, 1779, and be-
queathed his property to his brother John. He served with
Cumberland at Culloden. His portrait is preserved.
Robert Erskine, died unmarried, v, p.
John. See below,

(4) Jean. (5) Ann. (6) Margaret Erskine, who had a disposition
by their father in their favour in Montrose, 15th July 1751.
Were living in Montrose, 9th November 1770.

XV. John Erskine of Montego Bay, Parish of St. James, Cornwall
County, Jamaica, and third of Lina, died 1768. He served
with the Chevalier at Culloden, and thence fled to Jamaica.
Wife unknown. He had issue :

(i^ John Erskine, died unmarried 1794.

(2) Alexander, who follows.

(3) David Erskine, died unmarried. Buried in the family vault.
XVI. Alexander Erskine of Balhall in Forfar, and Bryanston Square,

London, i;2th April 1833, when he claimed service as heir
male of the Honourable David Erskine of Dun. His great-
uncle, John Erskine of Dun, was his guardian. He purchased
Balhall from John Erskine. Wife unknown. He had issue,
daughters only, the number uncertain. The eldest, Mrs.
Bortrey, was living in Ireland in 1888. Another was Mrs.
Ellis. Another, Miss C. Erskine, died at York recently.

594. Barony of Melville. — Draft inventory of papers relating to
the barony 1515 1706.

1. Letter of Reversion by Mr. Thomas Ross, brother-german to
Ninian Lord Ross, to James Lord Ross, of all and hall ye north west
quarter of ye toun and landis of presioun^ with ye pertinents now occuput
be Johnes Quite Hand within ye barony of mailvile and be annexation
within ye Ssefdome of Edinburgh for repayment of the sum of 200 markis
usuale money of Scotland upon saint Michaelis altare, situat within ye parish
kirk of Linlithgow, dated at Melvill ye 26 day of May 15 15. Seal is gone.

2. Letters of Reversion by Walter Scott of Branscholvi in favour of
Ninian Lord Ross of the lands of Mosshouses and others in the Barony of
Melville^ dated loth February 1529. '

3. Assignation of Reversion created by Letters of Reversion granted
by David Crawfurd of Parkhall, dated 19th July 1532, of the fourth part of
the lands of morwensyde^ with the fourth part of the mylne of the same,
occupied by [etc.] lying within the barony of mailvile by annexation within
the Sheriffdom of Stirling for the sum of 300 marks. In the form of an
Instrument By Ninian Lord Ross, halkheid and mailvile^ to James Ross,
his son, dated nth May 1548.

4. Instrument of Resignation of an annuity of [etc.] out of the lands
of Tortrabern in the barony of Melville in the hands of James Lord
Ross for new infeftment to James Auld, his son, dated 7th February 1573.

5. Charter by James Lord Ross to John Sibbald in liferent, and
Robert Ross, son to Andrew Ross of in fee of an annual
rent out of the lands of West Mailvile and in the barony of Mailvile and
county of Edinburgh, dated ist July, 1579. Very dirty and indistinct,
slashed with a knife.

6. Instrument of Sasine in favour of Robert Lord Ross upon a precept

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furth of the Chancery, for infefting him as heir of James, Lord Ross, his
father, in the Barony of Melvill, dated 2nd November 1586.

7. Extract Registered Charter of Resignation of William Lord Ross,
lord of the barony of Melville, dated 31st December 1706. V. N. P.

595. Old Cross at Minnigaff. — We have had sent us a sketch of a
cross in Minnigaff Old Church, Newton Stewart, N.B., with the following
description : — The slab on which it was engraved has been used as the

/-=

Step at the church porch, the engraving being downwards, and was only
discovered some years ago by Sir Herbert Maxwell, who got the stone
raised for inspection. C. H. M. J.

596. Basane. — Sir John Foulis of Ravelston, in his Accounts — now
printed for the Scottish History Society — occasionally uses the expression
*the basane horse.' I have looked for the word in Dr. Murray's new
English Dictionary, It is not, however, to be found. It is not yet

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obsolete, though * horsy' men diflfer in its exact meaning. It is evidently
of French origin, and the following lines seem to point to its use as
designating a horse with one or more white legs : —

< Balzane un
Cheval commun
Balzane deux
Cheval de gueux
Balzane trois
Cheval de bois
Balzane quatre
Bon^battre.*

It was a common belief that a horse with four white feet was so worth-
less that its owner had not to pay toll for it.

One man told me that basane horses cast their shoes more frequently
than others.

Dr. Dickson, Keeper of Public Records, has kindly furnished me with
the following notes, prefaced by a few remarks : —

* I think the enclosed examples of some of the descriptions of horses
in muster rolls make it improbable that bausand necessarily means having
four white feet. On the other hand, the explanation " tachd de noir et de
blanc," which seems to be favoured by some of the best authorities, would
imply that in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries a style of horse was
in favour which one never sees now except in a circus.

* A. B. habet equum —

badium bausandum cum ij pedibus anterioribus et alio pede

postero albo.
clarum badium cum uno pede anteriore et alio pede postero albis
sorum bausandum cum albis pedibus dextrarium sorum cum Stella

in fronte.
brunum badium cum macula in fronte.
sorum, liardum bausanum cum iiij pedibus albis.
unum dextrarium badium bausandum cum iiij pedibus albis.
unum equum nigrum cum iiij pedibus albis.
unum equum liardum cum ij pedibus posteris albis.
sorum bausandum ; badium bausandum.
bausandum cum tribus pedibus albis.
bausandum cum uno pede postero albo.
badium cum stella et uno pede anteriore albo.
rubeum bausand cum iij pedibus albis.
bausand nigrum cum Stella et j pede postero albo.
album piolatum.
ferandum cum ij pedibus albis.

nigrum cum albo musello et j pede postero sinistro albo.
sorum cum Stella et iiij pedibus albis.'

The Dictionnaire de Trhoux simply says under * Baucent,' * espfece de
cheval'

Roquefort does not give it at all.

Ducangei *Baucens, cheval tache de noir et de blanc, cheval pie';
* Bausant, cheval marqu^ de taches noires et blanches.'

Sainte Falayei *Baucens, pie, bai-pie; couleur du poil d'un cheval.'
Quotes * Les costes a baucans et fauve le crespon,* and remarks, * On noni-
moit beaus^ant le drapeau des Templers qui Itoit noir et blanc'

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Ducangi^ Glossarium Lat : * Baucens, Hoc vocabulum usurpant scrip-
tores vernaculi de equis quorum pelles, nigro et albo interstinctse sunt.'

Cotgrave: bauzan, a black or bay horse with white legs above the
hoof; balzane, a white spot or mark in any part of a horse's body.

Bausen-faced, having a white oblong spot on the face.

*Ye might try it on the bausen-faced year-auld grey.' — Heart of Mid-
lot hian, ch. xxviii. Ed.

597. Accounts of Sir John Foulis. — This book, which has just been
issued by the Scottish History Society, contains many references interesting
to genealogists, which are not clearly shown in the Index. We think it
may be convenient to give a list of names mentioned in connection with
Births, Marriages, and Deaths.

References to Baptisms, BirthS;

, OR Infants.

Babairdie, 302.

Fordell, 156.

Lyon, 9.

Barnbougall, 54.

Forrester, 130.

M*Kenzie, 119, 132.

Cairnie, 197.

Foulis, 15, 28, 141, 191

, Menzies, 21.

Carribers, 149.

303, 338, 410.

Polmaise, 238.

Colington, 11, 14.

Fyfe, 208, 307.

Rae, 86.

Corstorphine, Minister Gibson, 142, 183, 199.

Raith, 153.

of, 98.

Hay, 5, 127, 402.

Ratho, T, 12, 121.

Craigentinny, 116.

Howieson, 381.

Reidfurd, 24.

Crichton, 239.

Jerviswood, 163.

Rickarton, 149.

Dalmeny, 155.

Justice, 239.

Rosebery, 302.

Dean, 108.

Kendall, 143.

Sauchie, 191, 200, 237,

Dryltw, 38, 313.

Leny, 4.

356.

Dunipace, 154, 201,

,298. Leven, 150, 173.

Sauchtonhall, 114.

Durie, 382.

Longformacus, i.

Torphichan, 23.

Fletcher, 124.

Lundy, 6.

Whithouse, 7.

Reference to Marriages.

Eliot, 411.

Gilchrist, 126.

Primrose, 87.

Enterkin, 205.

Glass, 179.

Robiesone, 17.

Erskine, 131.

Hasindon, 423.

Semphill, 87.

Forrest, 92.

Home, 160.

Scott, 399.

Foulis, 127, 128,

179, Lauderdale, 2.

Seton, 156.

184, 205, 215,

293, Loch, 215, 245, 411.

Steinstoun, 13.

399.

Muir, 113.

Gibson, 128.

Pitucur, 160.

Reference to Burials or Deaths.

Aikenhead, 109.

Castlehill, 195.

Craigiehall, 162, 286.

Applegirth, 247.

Chancellor, the, 103.

Cramond, Minister of,

Baines, 120.

Cheisley, 285.

I.S2.

Baird, 291.

Clerk, 284.

Crichton, 120.

Banks, 160.

Cockburn, 69.

Cunningham, 171, 346.

Borthwick, it 4.

Cockpen,69.

Dalmahoy, 114.

Burnet, 119.

Coldock, 440.

Davies, 307.

Cairnie, 218, 304.

Coults, 163.

Dawick, 365.

Calder, Minister of,

113. Craigentinny, 134.

Denham, 420.

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The Scottish Antiquary ;

Dick, 171.
Dirleton, 185.
Drylaw, 128.
Duddingston, 163.
Dundas, 194, 200.
Dundee, 190.
Dunipace, 468.
Durie, 247.
Elphinston, 59.
Enterkin, 167.
Foulis, 7, 115, 122, 138,
140, 161, 197, 221,

3i3» 3i9» 344, 373-
Gibson, 142, 203, 289.
Gogar, 38, 116.
Graham, 119.
Hadden, 246.
Hall, 246.
Hamilton, 200.
Hay, 118, 157.
Hill, 291.

Hodden, 156.
Humbie, 168.
Jossie, 125.
Kerr, 200.
Kettleston, 12.
Killoch, 275.
Kingross, 116.
Leny, 119.
Linlithgow, 182.
Livingstone, 290, 321.
Lothian, 319.
Lundie, 190.
M*Kenzie, 118.
Mathie, 337.
Merchiston, 309.
Montgomery, 104.
Mortonhall, 424.
Murray, i75> 326.
Nickolson, 89.
Oswald, 140.
Oxfurd, 199.

Philliphaugh, 171, 290.
Pitreavie, 174.
Polbellie (?), 190.
Powhouse, 303.
Prestongrange, 323.
Primrose, 113, 311.
Quarrell, 180.
Raith, 156, 191, 226.
Ramsay, 132.
Ratho, 145, 290.
Rickarton, 248.
Ronald, 282.
Ruglen, 272.
Sauchton, 152, 176,317.
Sauchtonhall, 164, 171.
Seton, 145, 195.
Sinclair, 125, 243.
Spots wood, 134.
Tailleour, 146.
Treasurer, Lord, 30.
Wright, 114.

598. The Refuge Stones of Torphichen (vol. viii. p. 102). — Mr.
Stephen in his History of the Scottish Church (vol. i. p. 375), speaks of
'privilege of sanctuary to fugitives with meat, drink, and bedding from
the Church ' as forming one of the synodal statutes of Aberdeen, pro-
mulgated in the thirteenth century ; and in a footnote mentions some of
the * places where there was the right of girth or sanctuary such as Holy-
rood, Inverleithen in Tweeddale, Stow, Tyningham, Lesmahagow, Tain,
Dull, Torphichen, Applecross, etc' The following extract from Origines
Parochiales {yo\, i. p. 428) is interesting : * The girth {immunitas or liberias)
of Tayne or of Saint Duthace was nearly co-extensive with the parish. By
an inquest held in 1439, of which a notarial copy is preserved among the
burgh records, the girth, included between four crosses, which marked the
four corners called the girth crosses, is avowed to have been founded by
King Malcolm Canmore, and afterwards confirmed by King David 11. and
some of his successors.^ In 1306 or 1307, while King Robert Bruce was in
the island of Rachvyn, his queen and her daughter Marjory left the castle
of Kildvenny in Aberdeenshire and took refuge in the girth of Tane.

"The quene, and als dam Marjory
Hir dochtir that syn worthely
Was conpillit into Goddis band
With Walter Steward of Scotland,
That wald in na wis langar by
In castell of Kildvenny
To bid ane sege, ar ridirs rath
With knichtis and sauaris bath
Throu Ros richt to tne girth of Tane :
Bot that travale tha mad in vane,
For tha of Ros that wold nocht ber
For tham na blam na yhet danger

* Malcolm Canmore died in 1093, St. Duthace about 1253. If the girth was founded
by Malcolm in that age it could originally have no reference to the saint whose name it
afterwards bore.

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Out of the girth tham all hae tane.
And syn hae send tham everil kane
Rich intill Ingland to the king.
That girt draw, all the men and hing,
And put the ladyis in presoun,
Sum in castell, sum in dungeoun." ^

* . . . By a fictitious grant of the king (Malcolm Canmore), said to have
been confirmed by some of his successors, the habitants had power to buy
and sell within the four crosses of the immunity, were exempted from the
payment of all contributions to the king and the Earl of Ross, excepting the
king's custom, and had the privilege of working (trafficing ?) and navigat-
ing with their merchandise and goods everywhere ' {Ibid, p. 430). In 161 2
King James vi. made grants to * the burgh with the lands perambulated
yearly within the four corner crosses called the girth crosses ' {Ibid, p. 432).
It would be interesting to know if these crosses still exist. As to Applecross
the work quoted above states (p. 402. n,\ ' the parish is still locally styled
Comrick which signifies " girth *' or sancutary, but no mention is made of
Girth crosses/ A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

599. Marriages in May. — The common superstition that it is un-
lucky to marry in May cannot be very ancient, for entries in our older parish
registers prove that there was formerly no great fear of evil consequences
from a May wedding. It seems to have been strongest during the
eighteenth century, and that it still exists may be seen from the scantiness
of marriage announcements in our newspapers during the ' merry month
of May.' I, however, have noticed with satisfaction that every year
shows that the stupid superstition is on the wane. Perhaps this is owing
to the existence of School Boards and the declining influence of old wives'
fables ; anyhow the lads and lassies are now showing that their belief in
unlucky days or seasons has been rudely shaken, I have never seen any
satisfactory explanation of the origin of the superstition. It is true that
the Church in old days forbade marriages in Lent, but Lent is over before
May comes in. Some refer it to the desire to avoid the month in which
Queen Mary married Bothwell, but the superstition seems to have com-
menced later than that date. Perhaps the Thirteen Club will send some
of their bachelor members north prepared to lead their brides to the altar
when this fateful month comes round again. Any information throwing
light on the subject will be welcome. A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

600. Monument to the Reverend John Welwood. — In the
Churchyard of Dron, near Bridge of Earn, is a stone with the following
inscriptions. On one side

* Here lyes the Rev-
erand Mr. John Wei
wood Minister of
the Gospel in the Chu
rch of Scotland
who dyed at Perth
Aprile 1679 about
the 30 year of his
age'

1 *The Brus' (Spalding Club), xxviii, 39-56.

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26 The Scottish Anttqtiary ;

And on the other side

Here lyes
* A fol loner of the Lamb
Throu many tribulations cam
For long time of his Christian
Race was persecute from
Place to Place a Scotish
Prophet here behold
Judgment and mercy who foretold
The Gospel Banner did display
Condemnd the sins of that sad
Day and valiently for
Truth contended untill
By Death his days were ended/

Wodrow states that in November 1677, Welwood was informed against
as having intruded upon the Kirk of Tarbolton in Ayrshire and that the
Council appointed the Earl of Glencairn and Lord Ross to see him turned
out and apprehended. Whether he was seized or not Wodrow does not
state and nothing further seems to be known of Welwood's history.

R. C. W.

601. Antiquarian Find at Shetland — ¥iom iht Evening Dispatch,
— An interesting antiquarian find was made in the island of Unst,
Shetland, the other day. A stone in the Old Kirk of Wick, in that
island, was dug up last week, and a Faroese philologist, Mr. J. Jacobsen,
who is at present visiting Shetland in search of old Norse words, was able
to decipher and translate the inscription upon it. The following is a copy
of the inscription, along with Mr. Jacobsen's translation: — *Anno 1585,
den 25 Ivlii, Vps Jacobi is deehrbare vnd vornehme Hinrick Segelcken
de Oldervth, Dvdeschlant, vnd Borger der stadt Bremen, alhir in Godt
Demehrenentschl apn dem Godt gnedichis.* Translation — *Year 1585,
the 25th July, on S. Jacobi is the virtuous and noble Henrick Segelcken
de Olderuth, Germany, and citizen of the town Bremen, just here in God
the Lord passed away. Whom God gracious is.' Mr. Jacobsen [rightly]
conjectures that the first date in the inscription refers to the saint's day.^
The stone measured 6 feet ^\ inches in length, 3 feet 8 inches in breadth,
and 6 inches in thickness. The crest on the stone appears to consist of
three shields, upon one of which is the deceased's initials.

602. Our Public Records. — I have received many expressions of
concurrence with the remarks made in the last number of the Scottish
Antiquary (viii. p. 172) by C. R., and I trust that a healthy agitation may
gradually be aroused which may result in the obtaining greater facilities
for studying our national archives. Though many important documents
are stored in Edinburgh, there is certainly much difficulty in finding out
their nature and extent. This is not owing to any want of courtesy in the
officials at the Register House, for my experience assures me that students
receive the greatest kindness and attention when they are engaged in
literary work — but the machinery of the place is not suited to the present
growth of interest in such documents as are stored, but, as yet, not handily

» The 25th of July is the festival of St. James.— Ed.

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oTy Northern Notes and Queries, 27

arranged within its walls. A lesson might be taken from the Record Office
and Somerset House, London. In both of these places special and good
accommodation is prepared for persons engaged in literary work, and
officials duly trained are appointed to produce such documents as may be
asked for. From long practice the officials at the Record Office are able
to suggest what documents may supply the information required, and the
student may surround himself with reports of law proceedings, civil and
criminal ; records of successions to estates by heritage or conquest ;
subsidy rolls; lists of aliens; besides a vast amount of more general
information to be gathered from the papers which make up what is known
as * The Domestic Senes,' most excellent Calendars of which have been
printed by Government, and are sold at reasonable prices. In Edinburgh,
as far as I know, there is no full official catalogue in existence, even in
writing, available for the student's use.^ The sole attempt to provide a
descriptive catalogue of documents is the official list of Parochial Registers
printed for the Register Department. This work, however, is not for sale ;
and though Parochial Registrars are supposed to possess a copy, few people
are aware of the fact or of the existence of the book. Surely copies should
be supplied to public libraries and learned societies, even if it were found
impossible to sell them to private persons. Why it should be found im-
possible I cannot conjecture. While mentioning the Parochial Registers,
it must be stated that the student is most considerately treated and the
officials do all in their power to make his work comfortable and satisfactory.
In the old Register House there are indexes of wills, but not arranged
in alphabetical order, so that a search is very wearisome and scholars are
not allowed the privilege which lawyers and their clerks possess of
searching the index volume at the desk near the shelves on which the
books rest so that they may take one by one such volumes as they require ;
they must have them brought to them in the large room upstairs. This may
seem but a trifling grievance but as the indexes are arranged in com-
missariats it is quite possible the searcher may find an entry in one volume
which necessitates his consulting the index of another commissariat.
Literary men are not put to any inconvenience in this respect at the
Record Office, for the indexes may be consulted at pleasure. At Somerset
House the literary searcher has not only a comfortable room provided for
his use but a good index ; and any will he selects is brought to him. With
regard to other documents, it would surely be possible to print a list of the
different classes preserved and a description of their contents and the dates
comprehended in each class. Dr. Dickson, the most courteous of men,
is himself a mine of information, but his time should not be taken up
by anxious inquirers, nor he himself used as a walking catalogue of the
papers under his charge. His assistant is most attentive and efficient, but
it is too much to expect him in addition to extracting documents from
their resting places to explain what other papers 2 may be profitably
consulted.

The British Record Society is doing a good and great work in England.
It is providing indexes of wills and law proceedings so that by the aid of its
volumes the student can in his own home select a list of such documents
as he may require, and thus prepared can visit the public repositories and

^ We fully recognise the value of Messrs. Miller & Bryce's Handbook of Records ; we
fear it is not known as widely as it should be.
^ See List at end of this article.

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28 The Scottish Antiquary ;

make use of the original documents. Mr. Challoner Smith of Somerset
House is supplying to the British Record Society a most valuable index of
all the wills under his charge from 1383 to 1558. Indexes have also
already been printed of the wills of different counties. By degrees all
the wills in England will be thus indexed. Ulster King of Arms has pre-
pared for publication the wills lodged in Dublin. The Society is quite
ready to undertake Scottish work if a sufficient number of Scottish sub-
scribers is forthcoming and if the authorities follow the example of their
English brethren and encourage the undertaking. The dissemination of a
knowledge of the nature and volume of our National Records will do
much to encourage a rational study of the history of the country ; and
surely the country's archives are not preserved' solely for the use of
lawyers in their professional work but for the country at large — that men
may read, mark, learn and digest matters which is now practically unknown
and unread. Government is now printing for sale such Scottish documents
as 2 he Exchequer Rolls^ The Register of the Great Seal, The Regis terof Frivy
Council, The Ledger of A, Halyburturton, several volumes of retours, and the
Accounts of the Lord High Treasurer, 1473, ^49^ ; ^^^s of this last most in-
structive work only one volume has appeared, and that was issued as long
ago as 1877 ! The issue of these works is most satisfactory, but much re-
mains to be done. It might not be desirable, and it would be well-nigh
impossible, to print all the papers, Sasines, Register Privy Seal, etc. etc. etc.,
but if not printed they might be made known to scholars as existing, and
their extent and nature fully explained. We believe that much of our
national documentary treasure has been lost through fire, shipwreck, and
past neglect, but what remains is not only worthy of all care but of being
made use of for literary purposes, and every facility should be afforded to
the student in the first place to know what to look for, and in the second
place to make proper use of documents which are public property and
should be at the service of the public.

The archaeologist has, however, another cause of complaint, not against
the officials of the Register House, or rather the system that controls their
actions, but against the apathy which allows a vast mass of most important
documents to be scattered over the country. The collection under one
roof of our Parochial Registers has proved a great boon to students and
other searchers. Surely all old legal documents should be treated in the
same way. I have searched the archives of some of our old burghs and
know that they contain matter of the greatest value to the lawyer and to
the archaeologist. I am not aware that any attempt has been made either
to catalogue or calendar these ; nay, I do not know of any book which
shows what burghs possess old archives, the age of them, and where and
how they may be consulted. Town clerks are, I have found, most
courteous and obliging when approached ; but the student works in the
dark, and may find after taking a special journey that the burghal muniment
room contains nothing of any real value, or that real treasures are inacces-
sible owing to the absence of the Town-clerk who is not always resident in
the burgh. I have been told that, apart from Sasines, important retours
exist which surely should be in the Register House. Burghs might object
to handing over their old papers. But parishes have been obliged to hand
over Registers of Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, and why not burghs ?
The inconvenience which C.R. as a lawyer feels may induce lawyers to
make common cause with archaeologists, and induce whatever government

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or^ Nortkerfi Notes and Qiieries, 29

may be in power to pass a bill in which both * Whig and Tory ' would
agree as much as in the reel of Tullochgorum.

A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

WORK DONE IN 'THE INDEX LIBRARY'

UP TO THE END OF DEC. 1893.

(I.) NORTHAMPTONSHIRE AND RUTLAND WILLS.— 15 10-1652 : with
Introduction and Lexicographical Index : pp. xvi-210. Gives references to about
eighteen thousand Wills. Cloth> gilt, price to members lOf. 6ar.

(2.) CHANCERY PROCEEDINGS : Bills and Answers, temp, Charles I. Vol. I.
pp. vi-265. Gives about sixty-two thousand references to plaintiffs and defendants.
Cloth, gilt, price to members I2J. 6ar.

(3.) ROYALIST COMPOSITION PAPERS. Index Nominum. Series I. and
II, A — F, pp. viii-184. Gives upwards of y^Jr/y^/fz'^ M<7«jfl«flr references. Cloth, gilt,
price to members lor. 6^.

(4.) SIGNET BILLS.— 1584-1624. A Key to the Patent Rolls, with Introduction
and Lexicographical Index, pp. xvi-236. Cloth, gilt, price to members \2s, 6d,
Estimated number of references, twenty thousand.

(5.) CHANCERY PROCEEDINGS: Bills and Answers, temp, Charles I. Vol.
II. pp. iv-264. Gives about sixty -two thousand references to plaintiffs and defendants.
Cloth, gilt, price to members I2j. 6d.

(6.) CHANCERY PROCEEDINGS : Bills and Answers, temp, Charles I. Vol. III.
pp. iv-190. Gives zhoMX fifty-thousand references to plaintiffs and defendants. Cloth,
gilt, price to members los, 6d,

(7.) LICHFIELD WILLS AND ADMINISTRATIONS.— 1510-1652. This
most important series relates to Staffordshire, Shropshire, Derbyshire, Warwickshire,
and for part of the period to Cheshire, Lancashire, Westmoreland, and Yorkshire, and to
small parts of Flintshire and Denbighshire, pp. xii-687. Cloth, gilt, price to members 21s.

(8.) BERKSHIRE WILLS AND ADMINISTRATIONS.— 1508-1652. This is
based on a new official index, rearranged lexicographically with cross-references. Pp.
viii-199. Gives about eighteen thousand references. Cloth, gilt, price to members loj. (at,

(9.) GLOUCESTERSHIRE INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM, temp, Charles
I. ; with Introduction. Vol. I. pp. x-233. Cloth, gilt, price to members 12s, 6d,

(10.) THE PREROGATIVE COURT OF CANTERBURY WILLS.— 1383-1558.
Vol. I. A — J, pp. xxxvi-308. This most important Calendar of Wills has been arranged
lexicographically by Mr. J. C. Smith, who has also written a valuable introduction
thereto. Cloth, gilt, price to members 1 5^.

The above are complete. Those which follow are in steady progress.

(i.) THE PREROGATIVE COURT OF CANTERBURY WILLS.— 1383-1558.
Continuation of Vol. X. K onwards. Great progress is now being made.

(ii.) CHANCERY PROCEEDINGS : Bills and Answers, temp, Charies i. Vol. IV.
Of this volume 16 pages are now in print, giving references to upwards of three thousand
names of plaintiff and defendants.

(iil) LONDON INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM, commencing in the time
of Henry vii.

(iv.) GLOUCESTERSHIRE INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM, taken in the
time of King Charles I. These arey^// abstracts, similar to those issued by the Lancashire
and Cheshire Record Society, and will comprise every inquisition for the periods named.

(v.) SUSSEX WILLS AND ADMINISTRATIONS AT LEWES.— 1541.1652.
This also is an entirely new Calendar, prepared by Mr. Hamilton Hall, and generously
placed by him at the disposal of the Society. It is arranged lexicographically, and gives
fuller particulars of testators than any similar Calendar yet printed. 32 pages are in
print, giving ihowi fifteen hundred references.

(vi.) GLOUCESTER WILLS.— 1541-1650. This will prove an exceptionally
useful Calendar, and will be supplemented by a Lexicographical Index. As is well
known, the ancient Wills at Gloucester are arranged alphabetically under the Christian

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30 The Scottish Antiquary ;

names, a method which, of course, is a source of considerable inconvenience to those who
consult them. 80 pages are in print, giving reference to upwards of thirty-five thousand
names of testators.

(vii.) DORSET WILLS.— 1568-1792. Of this Calendar 16 pages have appeared.
It is one of the few that come down as late as 100 years ago, and is a copy of the Official
Calendar kept at the Probate Registry at Bland ford.

See advertisement British Record Society^ page 3 of Cover.

603. Macdonald of Barrisdale, in the Parish of Glenelg
(viii. p. 163). — With reference to the Barrisdale pedigree supplied by
Carrick Pursuivant in last number of the Scottish Antiquary^ I beg to add
the following note.

In a * Life of Archibald McDonald of Barrisdale,* printed at Edinburgh
in the spring of 1754, while he was still under sentence of death, it is
stated that he *was the son of Colonel M'Donald of Barrisdale, by
Penelope M*Kenzie.' According to Carrick Pursuivant, his mother's
Christian name was Helen,

The * Life ' just cited gives a good deal of information regarding the
Barrisdale family, although it is written in anything but a friendly spirit.
It is, moreover, so confused in its grammar and construction, that one
is often uncertain whether the writer is speaking of * the late Barrisdale's
father, Colonel Ban * (obviously so-called from his fair complexion), or
of 'the late Barrisdale* himself, or of the third Barrisdale (Archibald).
It is probably the second of these who is said to have fought a duel with
Duncan Cameron of Taask, * about the year 1730.' It is certainly he
who is thus described in the following passage : — ' After the Battle of
Prestonpans, in which Barisdale had no share, as the wing whereof he
and his corps made a considerable part was not engaged, the Chevalier
despatched Barisdale to old Lovat, in order to prevail upon his lordship
to throw off the mask and to join ; ... for though he [Barrisdale] was a
blunt man, and of a forbidding utterance, yet . . . Sheridan judged that
his bluntness would appear the natural effect of truth without disguise,
and add credit to his narration ; his devouring looks, his bulky strides,
his awful voice, long and tremendous sword, which he generally wore in
his hand, with a target and bonnet, edged broad upon the forehead,
imparted an awe to the coward and unthinking, while it imprinted a con-
fidence that victory would side with those whom Barisdale should join.*

Yet it is the same * blunt man ' who is referred to by Scott ( Waverley^
Note N) in these words : — * MacDonald of Barrisdale, one of the very last
Highland gentlemen who carried on the plundering system to any great
extent, was a scholar and a well-bred gentleman. He engraved on his
broadsword the well-known lines —

" Hae tibi erunt artes — pacisque imponere morem,
Parcere subjectis, et debellare superbos. " '

The absolute authority exercised by him (Col. Macdonell) over his
followers is shown in the Life of his son ; for it is there stated that he not
only confined offenders in the dungeons of Barrisdale House, or pilloried
others, but that he extorted confession from them by the use of instru-
ments of torture. These, however, were all destroyed after the overthrow
of the Jacobites, as one learns from the following passage : — * A party of the
Ross-shire militia came to Barrisdale's house, where they were presented
with a sight of the stocks that lay upon a green, opposite to the door, and

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or. Northern Notes and Queries. 3 1

these they kindled first, then set fire to the house, which was beautifully
covered with blue slate, and contained eighteen fire-rooms, besides as
many without chimnies ; the flames burnt with great violence, and in a
few hours the building was reduced to ashes/

There is some discrepancy, however, between the statement that * both
Barisdale and his son' were Roman Catholics, and the fact that the
children of the latter were baptized by Bishop Forbes, the Episcopal
clerg}man of Leith. This appears from the following entry in the Leith
Register, in the Bishop's own writing ; —

' Edinburgh, March 31st [1754], I baptised a daughter, named Forbes
iUexandera and Archibalda, to Archibald Macdonell of Barisdale, then
prisoner in the castle of Edinburgh, and under sentence of Death, the
mother of the child (Daughter of MacLeod of Drynagh) taking the vows
upon herself.'

From the same account {Tales and Traditions of Leith, 1865, pp. 146-
147} 1 learn that two other daughters were born to him during his im-
prisonment, and were baptized respectively on 17th February 1757 ajid
17th July 1760. This, it will be seen, does not coincide with the account
given by Carrick Pursuivant.

The wife of Archibald's son and heir (Coll.) was Helen, fourth daughter
of William Dawson, Esq., of Graden, Roxburghshire. She was bom on
25th January 1764 and died on 26th October 1805. She was living with
her husband and family at Ochtertyre in 1 803 ; at which date an English
visitor observes that they * had two sons at home, who went every day to
a school in the neighbourhood, to learn the Latin language.' The same
visitor also remarks : * While I was at Ochtertyre, I asked Mr. MacDonell
i^heiher he remembered Dr. Johnson's visiting that part of the country.
He said that he remembered spending about half an hour in his company,
and that he was in a very peevish humour.'

In the above notes it will be seen that there are two points not quite in
a^^eement with Carrick Pursuivant's pedigree. Is it possible to ascertain
ihe esiact facts in these cases? David Macritchie.

604, The Tombstone at Fordoun (v. viii. p. 165). — The tombstone at
Fordoun, figured at page 165 of the last number of The Scottish Antiquary^
is there described as 'The Fordoun Tombstone.' It must not, however,
be confounded with the older and still more interesting stone belonging
to the Sculptured Stones of Scotland series, hitherto identified with
Fordoun and also preserved in the old building known as** St. Palladius's
Chapel.'

The stone which you figure is interesting, inasmuch as it illustrates a
typ^ of which many examples do not exist ; and it moreover possesses
features of special interest worthy of remark. • Will you therefore permit
nae to supplement Dr. Cramond's note with a short description ?

Your illustration shows that the stone bears the figure of the cross,
having on one side of it a sword and on the other a stringed bow and
irrow. These figures, which are incised, merit consideration, because in
form and art they indicate a stage in the history of Scottish monumental
art.

The cross first claims attention. It is of elegant form. The shaft \^

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32 The Scottish Antiquary ;

long and slender and slightly tapered — a feature which adds to its beauty.
The top, in place of expanding into the common Latin shape, takes the
form of a circle, which possibly may be regarded as the expression of a
nimbus having inscribed within it a geometrical figure, which in the four-
leaved form is known as the symbol of consecration.

In this instance it exists as a six-leaved figure — two of the foliations
continuing the line of the shaft upwards, the spaces between the arms or
leaves being thrown into triangles — also a symbolical figure, by segmental
curves eccentric to the nimbus or enclosing circle.

An early example occurs at Millport, Cumbrae, where the six-leaved
figure is seen along with the four-leaved form on both sides of a standing
cross (Stuart's Sculptured Stones, vol. ii. pi. lxxiv).

Another early instance is given in Cutts's Manual of Sepulchral Slabs
(plate IV.), and is by him assigned to the twelfth century. The six-leaved
figure probably originated in an occult reference to the Holy Trinity,
which has elsewhere been symbolised by a six-pointed star produced by
two intersecting equilateral triangles. The four-leaved or four-armed figure
was always the favourite, as it was the earliest form of the cross ; but the
six-leaved form, as here exemplified, occurs in a sufficient number of
examples to leave us in no doubt as to its significance.

The floriated head was much in favour with sculptors. The plain cross
was the sign of shame, but the ornamental cross was the cross of glory —
the cross wreathed, as it were, with flowers was the cross of triumph (Cutts's
Manual, p. 29).

Another remarkable feature of this stone is the form of the Calvary or
base out of which the shaft springs. It is commonly represented by a
series of steps, usually three in number, though one, two, and even four
steps is not uncommon. This base is named from Mount Calvary. In
this stone it exists in a rounded form, and I am inclined to think this was
the earliest form, as being more like a mount. I know of no example of
the rounded form of base here given later than the twelfth century. Cutts
gives an example of it as early as the sixth century.

The form of the sword is also indicative of period. I think I am right
in saying that the earliest representations of the hiked sword show the hilt
at right angles to the blade, as in this example, thus representing the true
cross which the soldier could stick upright into the ground, * and its hilt
formed the cross before which he prayed ' ; while those examples which
show the hilt turned down towards the point of the sword evinced the
later form.

The stringed bow and arrow have been supposed to indicate a forester ;
but it is not improbable that the weapons here shown were intended to
represent a man of position, whose rank entitled him to wear a sword and
whose bow indicated the possession of an extent of land which afforded
scope for hunting.

For further particulars as to the slab and the place of its deposition,
see a communication by the late Mr. Andrew Jervise, published in the
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries^ vol. x. p. 730. Jervise, who gives
a not quite accurate drawing of the stone, ascribes it to the fourteenth or
fifteenth century ; but on account of the peculiarities noticed, namely, the
six-leaved figure characteristic of Norman work, the early form of the base
or Calvary, the rectangular hilt of the sword, the bow which preceded
the crossbow, and the absence of an inscription, all pointing to an early

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period, I would assign this slab to the latter part of the eleventh or
beginning of the twelfth century.

The circular cut at the lower part of the stone may be evidence of
fitting to the base of a round column when the slab lay on the floor of
the church. A. Hutcheson.

Broughty Ferry.

605. An Old Dunkeld Seal (vol. viii. p. 170). — I was much interested
in this account, but fear A. H. M.^ is a little out in calling it a Bishop's seal.
It is a late copy of the original fine seal ad causas of the Chapter of
Dunkeld, described by Henry Laing in his work on Scottish seals under
No. 1016, and now in the National Museum of Antiquities, Edinburgh.
From the workmanship I should judge it to be late i6th century. The
seal ad causas was used by the Chapter for copies of acts of chapter and
instruments of a minor and transitory interest. The Chapter seal, as
described by Henry Laing under No. 10 17 and its counter seal No. 1018,
was used for all the important acts of Chapter affecting the property of the
cathedral and all important documents.

The Bishop's seal was entirely distinct from the fore-mentioned seals,
and he had his seal of dignity, which often had a counter seal, his secretum
or. private seal, which sometimes was used as a counter seal to his seal of
dignity and his seal ad causas. A. H. M. mentions that * in the Chapter
House at Westminster there are seven seals of Bishops of Dunkeld.' All
the documents have been long removed from Westminster and are now in
the Public Record Office, Fetter Lane, where they can be inspected. Mr.
Bain has compiled a calendar of all Scottish documents. And I have
been carefully through all the Scottish Episcopal seals, and find there are
two chapter seals, with their counters. One appended to letters patent by
John, Bishop of Dunkeld, and Chapter, appointing Master David de Marre
and Sir William de Fonte Rubeo, their Canons, their proctors for ransom of
King David, append their seals at Edinburgh, 27th September 1357.
Seal of white wax. [Chapter House (Scots Docs.), Box 92, No. 27.]

The other appended to letters patent by William, Bishop of Glasgow,
John, Bishop of Dunkeld, Alexander of Aberdeen, John of Moray,
Alexander of Ross, William of Dunblane, and Martin of Argyle; with
consent of their Chapters and the whole Clergy of Scotland, appointing
William, Bishop of St. Andrews, Thomas, Bishop of Caithness, and
Patrick, Bishop of Brechin, Chancellor of Scotland, their proctors for the
ransom of King David, append their seals and those of their Chapters at
Edinburgh, 26th September 1357. [Chapter House (Scots. Docs.),
Box 33, No. 6.] These are the only chapter seals, both more or less
imperfect, and two seals of John, Bishop of Dunkeld, 1356-69.

There is also a third seal of John, Bishop of Dunkeld, attached to
letters patent by William, Bishop of St. Andrews, Walter, Bishop of
Glasgow, John, Bishop of Dunkeld, Patrick, Bishop of Brechin, Chancellor
of Scotland, Walter, Bishop of Dunblane, Robert Steward of Scotland,
Earl of Strathem, Thomas, Earl of Marr, George, Earl of March, William,
Earl of Douglas, John Steward, Earl of Carrick, William de Kethe,
Mareschal of Scotland, Archibald of Douglas, Robert of Erskyne, James
of Douglas, Walter de Lesseley, Walter de Halyburton, Alexander de
L)mdesay, all barons and knights ; and Master John of Carrick, keeper of
^ A. H. M. should have been appended to the note instead of R. H. — Ed.

VOL. IX. — NO. XXXIII. C

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34 The Scottish Antiquary ;

the King of Scotland*s Privy Seal, commissioners for the said king in
concert with the commissioners of the King of England, agreeing to a
truce till the Purification, and fourteen years thereafter. The balance of
the Scottish King's ransom (declared to be 56,000 marks) to be paid at
Berwick-on-Tweed, Norham, or Bamburgh, by yearly payment of 4000
marks. The King of England's Council agree that the Scottish King's
subjects shall have the half rent made profits of their lands in the county
of Roxburgh, occupied by the English subjects, who are not to be dis-
turbed during the truce ; but the lands let to the best advantage. The
English Commissioners shall deliver a counterpart hereof, with their seals
appended, at the city of Durham, on August following. Done under the
seals of the aforesaid at the city of London, June 1369. [Chapter House
(Scottish Documents), Box 97, No. 5.] While examining this seal, I was
surprised to find that the seal of John of Dunkeld was upon a tag inscribed
Dunblane, and the seal of Walter of Dunblane upon the tag inscribed
Dunkeld. This has lead Laing in his Supplement, No. 10 18, to describe a
seal as of John, Bishop of Dunkeld, which is really Walter, Bishop of
Dunblane's seal. This is not the only instance of a wrong seal on tag. I
have seen a seal of Antony Bek, Bishop of Durham, upon a tag inscribed,
Epi Eliens. The seal of John is described by Henry Laing, No. 892.

The next seal is of Matthew de Crambeth, 1289, died 1309, and is the
seal of dignity of that Bishop, and is fully described by Henry Laing, No.
1017 of Supplement, and is also illustrated by him. This is appended to
Letters from the Scottish Ambassadors in France encouraging the
Guardian and Community to offer a strenuous resistance to the King of
England, if he refuse the truce asked for by the King of France. Paris,
May 25th, 1303. [Chapter House (Scottish Documents), Box 14, No.

16.]

There is also a secretum or counter seal. Amongst the detached seals,
A to M series [Seals B., No. 31], this is described by Henry Laing, No.
891 ; but seems to be only from a fragment as no inscription is given, this
being mater dei ma .... a mathei.

The next seal is of Nicholas Moneymusk, 1408-1411, and is appended
to letters concerning the consecration of the Chapel of St. Mary's Knoll,
[Exchequer Treasury of Receipt Miscel. Y?r] ^nd a second seal — [Chapter

House Documents with seals b I 64.] Described and illustrated by Henry

Laing, No. 10 19, Supplement.

The seal of James Livingston comes next in order, 1 476-1483, and is
appended to an obligation by William, Archbishop of St. Andrews, James,
Bishop of Dunkeld, Andrew, Lord Avendale, Chancellor of Scotland, and
Collin, Earl of Ergile, Lord Cambel and Lorn, to Alexander, Duke of
Albany, to obtain a remission for himself and adherents, and a restitution
of his lands and offices, if he will keep his allegiance to King James.
Edinburgh. — [Chapter House (Scottish Documents), Box 96, No. 14.]
Described by Henry Laing, No. 1020, Supplement.

The next seal is that of George Brown, 1484- 15 14, described by Henry
Laing, No. 102 1, Supplement. — [Chapter House Documents with seals

I / ^3'] — ^ detached seal of red wax.

Gavin Douglas comes next as described by Henry Laing, No. 1022,
Supplement, and is amongst the detached seals A to M series [seals G,
No. 15].

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And we finish with Robert Cockbum, 1522-1527, as described by
Henry Laing, No. 1023, Supplement ; this is appended to a truce between
England and Scotland, 4th January 1524-5. [Chapter House (Scots Doc.),
Box 71.]

So at the Record Office are preserved : — 2 Chapter seals, 3 seals of
John, 2 seals of Matthew, i seal of James Livingstone, 2 seals of Nicholas,
I of George Brown, i of Gavin Douglas, i of Robert Cockburn — 13 in
all.

I have been unable to find any seal of William as mentioned by A. H. M.
between 13 12-1337, and should be much obliged to him for his reference,
so that I might hunt it up. There is something queer about the date
Keith gives William Sinclair, 1300- 1324. I am most anxious to get casts
of the following Scottish Episcopal Seals to complete a series of Laing's
casts: John Spottiswood, Archbishop, St. Andrews, Laing's Supplement,
roi2; James Paton, Bishop of Dunkeld, No. 1025; Patrick Forbes,
Bishop of Aberdeen, No. 1037; Alexander Douglas, No. 1045, ^'^^ John
Guthrie, Nos. 1046-7, Bishops of Moray; Robert Leighton, Nos. 1060-1,
.Dunblane; David Lindsay, No. 107 1, Bishop of Ross; Peter, No. 1075,
and James Law, No. 1076, Bishops of Orkney ; Alexander Gordon, No.
1093, and William Cooper, 1094-5, Bishops of Candide Casa ; and shall
be glad to exchange any others of Laing's casts for same.

Henry A. Rye.

606. The Groat Tombstone (vol. viii. pp. 51, 162). — The corre-
spondent who, in the April number of the Scottish Antiquary y favoured
you with a letter concerning this famous relic, has been misinformed. The
letters were not touched, and no blanks were filled in. The stone, in its
renewed state, is, I am sure, absolutely reliable. The antiquarian, Mr.
John Nicolson, Nybster, Wick, who renewed the stone, is quite competent
to fulfil with discretion the task he undertook. In a letter to me on the
subject, he says, * I deny most emphatically that I filled up any blanks or
altered the shape of the letters in the least.' He simply deepened the
spaces around the letters — which are raised — so as to bring these more
into relief. In the case of one word — that at the base of the cross — he was
uncertain as to whether the third letter was an M ' or an * i,' and so he left
it untouched : an evidence of the prudent caution with which he pro-
ceeded. John Horne.

607. Old Stirling Registers (concluded from vol. viii./. 175).—

1591-

Dec. 9. Abigaill, daughter of George Spittall and Margaret Watsone.

W. Jone fargussone Zwng, Edward Hall, mchand, Jone

Mwresone, Thomas Watsone, m.
„ „ Patrik Gillaspie, son of Jone Gillaspie and Hellein Maleice.

W. Patrik Zwngm, webs., Thomas Gray, fischer, Patrik

lowrie, fischer, Wm. Maissone Zwng, cor.
„ 12. James, son of John ne Gow and cristane michell. W. James

Aisplein, cuitler, Wm. Norie, crystie sword.
„ „ Thomas bruce, son of Antone bruce and Jonet leischman. W.

David forester of logy, Johnne paisone, Malcolme Wallace.
„ 16. Margaret boyd, daughter of Thomas boyd and Margaret Mowat.

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36 The Scottish Antiquary :

W, Wm. EdmS, baxter, Jone quhytbrw, DuncSl Mairschell,

James Ramsay.
Dec. 16. [Either blank or perhaps obliterated] of Mr. Moreis Drfi** and

Agnes Drtlmond. W, Jone Mr. of Mar [other names
perhaps obliterated],
fors.
„ „ [obliterated] of Ro'. craigengelt of y' ilk and Margaret Aissone.

W. [obliterated],
„ 19. Agnes, daughter of Patrik Watsone and Margaret Aissone. W.

Jone Aissone, craiginb'., Wm. Aissone, mchd., Edward Hall,

m., Wm. Wilsone. .
„ 21. Jone Cwnygha, son of Andro Cwnyghame and Issobell Murde-

sone. W, Jone hog, staibler, Wm. kir, flescher, Alexr.

lokart, Andro Wilsone, tail.
„ 23. James Alex', son of Archebauld Alex' and Bessie Alex'. W.

Antone bruce, baillie, Malcolme Wallace, James Alex', in

mSstrie, Jone Sterling, y', Patrick Kinross.
„ 26. Margaret ben, daughter of Johnne ben and Issobell crystie. W.

David Nycall, fichand, Dunca Pa?sone, maltma, Stein

Richie, Wm. Zwng in dSdaf.
Jan. 2. Sara, daughter of Johnne Kincaid and Issobell Uttein. W.

James Aisplein, Johnne Maleice, Johnne Swan.
„ „ Jone, son of Johnne Cairncors and Jonet Uttein. W. Johnne

Henrie in Craigf., Andro Wilsone, tail., Andro Uttein,

DuncS leischman, smyt.
„ 4. Margaret, daughter of Duncan pa?sone and Jonet cossine. W,

Johnne Allane, baxt., Wm. bell, Jone layng, Alexr. Neilsone.
„ 9. at Bwkie burn. Jonet, daughter of Arthur Car and Margaret

Zwng. W, Jone liddell (?) at ye Miln of ye Mure, Aiidro

liddell at ye kirk of Mure, Jone Ra at Bukie burn.
„ 13. Jone, son of Johnne bell and Jonet Scobie. W, Patrik ZwngmS,

wobs?, Johnne broun in cabuskin, Stein Scobie in keir.
„ 16. Margaret, daughter of Alexr. Ro'sone and Jonet forsy*. W,

Jone Millar in levelands, Jone Ranald in hoill, Thomas

Jhonson in craigf., Duncane gib, maissone.
„ „ Pawll, son of Thomas Andirsone and Annabell Coustoun. W,

Patrik home of argatie, James aissone, ffichand, George

Spittell, Jone Moir in down.
„ „ Wm., son of Gawin thomesone and Jonet sword. W. Jone

hairt in marie wynd, Wm. Gilcreist in Castelhill, Rot.

thomeson, webs.
„ r8. Andro, son of Rot. Thomesone and hellein layng. W, Andro

thomson, tailzo', Andro broun, tailzo', Johnne layng.
„ 20. Wm., son of Dunca crystesone and Issobell cowtts. W,

Alexr. lokart, Jone ben, [torn] EdmS, baxt., [torn] wilsone.
„ „ Johnne, son of Alex, car and Jonet Ewein. W. Thomas

Andirsone, fichand, Jone broun, maissone, Jone Ewein,

wobster.
„ 23. Jonet, daughter of Thomas Willesone and cristane philp. W.

James Wallace, William Aissone, m., Louk wilsone in drip.
In Touchadame in S. Ninians parrochin.

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Jan. 23. James, son of Gilbert Wattir and Issobell cowane. W. Johnne

ro*sone in caghir, Jone buch in could \indistinct\
Feb. 6. [blank'] of Johnne thomsone \blank\ W, Alex. Thomesone.
„ 10. Adame, son of Archibauld coSbrie and Meridiane Mais^toun.

W. Archebauld alexr., Patrik kinross, Jone Aison, Wm.

Watsone.
„ „ Jonet, daughter of Wm. gillaspie and Issobell Michell. W.

Thomas henrie, wobs?, Jone layng in Stling.
„ 13. Alexr., son of George Norwall and Sibella Pa&one. W, James

Schort, James Michell, baxt, Wm. Norie, James crystesoun

in craiginforth.
„ „ [torn] of Alexr. cousland and Margaret [torn], W. Alaster

Campbell, prio' of ycolmkill, andro liddell, James crystesone.
fors.
„ 27. David, son of Wm. Hwd and Jonet neilsone. W, [none].
March 2. Gawin, son of henrie gourley and Jonet browster, W, Gawin

bwmS, tailzo', Johnne Swane, David Airthe.
„ 5. Johne, son of George Watsone and Margaret Russell. W.

Andro Andirsone, baxt.', Malcolm burn in gogar, Jone Russell,

baxt.

In Touch w*in S. ninians parrochin.
,, 9. Twins, Agnes, David, children of David stevinsone and

Margaret wilsone. W, David fargusson in buch, Jone

Stevinsone, y'. Rot. Stevinsone, y'.
In Bad.
„ 12. Cathrein, daughter of Thomas norwall and hellein Downie.

W. Jone crystesone in drip, david murhed, y', wait michell

in wastwood.

Under y* Abbets craig.
„ 16. Thomas, son of Thomas gray and Jonet hwttane. W,

Thomas fores? in brigh*, George fores? in shiph', Mathow

thomeson in spittall.
,, „ Alexr., son of umq" Jone Stewart, gsone of Infikip, and Luk roos

flemig. W, Umphra cwnyghSlme, commiss' of Sterling, Mr.

Jone Stewart, George bruce.
„ 19. Jonet, daughter of Johnne lowrie and cristane gil [torn], W.

Alexr. broun, wobs?, Wm. mairschall miliar, Jone lowrie,

sawar.
In drip.
„ 23. [torn] of Lowk Wilsone and Eli', henresone. W. [torn]

Willesone, cord., [torn] drip [torn],
„ 23. Hellein, daughter of Rot. buchana and hellein huntar. W,

Jone Malerie in cSbusky, James buchSaB in clay stop.

1592.

„ 26. James car [sic\ son of Rot. finlasone and hellein car.

„ „ Agnes, daughter of Wm. Philp and bessie schort. W. Johne

philp in levelands, Wm. Edmane, bax?, George lapslie, Mai-

colme dScS.
Upon ye xxiiij day of marche 1591, Jane por¥feild, mother to

ye bairn undirwrittin was licht of ye sam in yis toun in ye

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38 The Scottish Antiquary ;

house of margaret gib, relict of umq*^ Jone dwthie in qwliup
in hir jwraay cdand fra Ingland q' hir mareit husband callit
wilsone was execut in ye toun of for

sudden slaying ane m^ and was passand to margarie
wilsone his mother in wrchill, and affermit y' scho was mareit
on hir said husband in Ed' xxii zeir or yby, upone ye qh ye
said jane and hir mother gave yair great aythes, and becaus
ye bairn is waik and na fary testimony can be haid pntlie.
the bairn is tho' meit to be baptezit.
March 29. Grissal, daughter of \blanK\ and Jane Poi¥feild. W,
James grahame.

This bairn following, lawfuU gottin in logie parochin, was
bapteizit, beand verie waik and yair kirk desolat of ane
pastor.

\torn\ of James garrw and \torn\ gille . [/(7r«]. W, James
grahame, Jone hall, cordener, adame richardson.
[End of First Volume Registers.]^

On the two following pages are the tables of forbidden degrees.

608. Englishmen in Scotland {continued from vol viii. p, 137). —

1656. Jan. 6. Anna, daughter of John Hoptoun, Inglishman, and Mar-
garet Flemyng.
„ Jan. 13. Charles, son of Thomas Morgane, Inglishman, and
Catherin Langlands. W. Charles Withrington.
John, son of Bassingbourne Layre and Marie Layre.
Bessie, daughter of Pearsie Bowis, Inglishman, and Agnes

Gilphillen. W, Robert Bowis.
Elizabeth, daughter of John Gregorie, Inglishman, and
Marjorie Nairne. W, Willm. Burkenshaw.
12. Samuell, son of Samuell Roberts and Jonet Hunter.

John, illegitimate son of John Wood, Inglishman. W,

Harie Top.
Margaret, daughter of John Scot, Inglishman, and Mar-
garet Cuthbertsone.
Charles, son of Charles Marlie, Inglishman, and Margaret

Phin.
George, son of David Pryce, and Jean Pryce. W,
Edward Long, Francis Thorpe.
April 20. Esdras, son of Arthur North, Inglishman, and Bridget
North. W, Edward Long, Henry Antonius, test, law-
fully married in England.
April 20. John and Sarah, twins of John Lanie, Inglishman, and

Agnes Mylne.
April 22. Peter, son of Robert Matheus, Inglishman, and Magdalen

Matheus. W. William Leitchfeild.
April 27. Anna, daughter of Edward Thomsone, Inglishman, and

Elspet Blair.
June I. Marie, daughter of Jonas Ruksbie, Inglishman, and

Elizabeth Ruksbie.
June I. John and Thomas, twins of Ingles Polwart, Inglishman,
^ The Registers between 1594 and 167 1 are lost.

Jan.
Feb.

29.

Feb.

12.

Feb.
Mar.

12.
4-

Mar.

25'

Mar.

30-

April

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or. Northern Notes and Queries.

1656. June 21.

})

June 27.

July 15.

»>

Aug. 12.

Aug. 26.

»i

Sep. 2.

}

Sep. 9.

Sep. 16.

>
>
J

Oct. 5.
Oct. 12.

Nov. II.

Nov. 16.

Nov. 23.

Dec. 30.

1657

Jan. 18.

Feb. 3.

)}

Feb. 24.

Mar. I.
Mar. 10.

Mar. 15.

Mar. 17.

Mar. 29.
April 19.
April 28.

April 28.

and Jeane Ogilvie. W. John Steill, Thomas Cletoun,

Thomas Fleetwood.
Marjorie, daughter of Josiah Dausone, Inglishman, and

Margaret Drummond.
Marie, daughter of William Watsone, Inglishman, and

Isobell Reid. W. James Stansfeild, John Tutishawe

(the father dead).
Jeane, daughter of Robert Brambell, Inglishman, and

Marie Ker.
Margaret, daughter of Peter Hulso, Inglishman, and

Marie Hulso. W, William Gray.
Alisone, daughter of Rhees Jones, Welshman, and Anna

Read (married in the parish of Heulkfand in Wales).
Williame, son of Richard Willans, Inglishman, and

Euphame fairlie.
Margaret, daughter of late Timothie Oldfeild, Inglishman,

and Catherine Watt.
Francis, son of Thomas Allay, Inglishman, and Elizb.

Allay.
Robert, son of Robert Bowman, Inglishman, and Mar-
garet Finlasone. IV. Fames Poynes.
Agnes, illegitimate daughter of John Blyth, IngHshman.
Agnes, daughter of Barnard Gilks, Inglishman, and

Margaret Gray.
Bennet, daughter of Richard Plumb, Inglishman, and

Issobell Plum.
Sarah, daughter of Jacob Joy, Inglishman, and Beatrix

Fisher. W. Henry Ley.
Andro, son of Thomas Colling, Inglishman, and Helen

Lourimer.
Beatrix, daughter of Richard Tukie, Inglishman, and

Agnes Clerk.
Elizabeth, daughter of Antonie Graves, Inglishman, and

Anna Graves. W. Jenkin Lues.
John, son of Thomas Stockwell, Inglishman, and Jonet

Rae.
John, son of Samuell Roberts, Inglishman, and Jonet

Hunter. W, Peter Leonard and John Roberts.
Thomas, son of Thomas Coulling and Sussana Stanfeild.
Philip, son of James Stanfeild, Inglishman, and Alisone

Sim.
Thomas, son of William Hay, Inglishman, and Christian

Gibson.
Aleis, daughter of Thomas Goodin, Inglishman, and

Sophia Wood. W. Thomas Stockwell, George Will.
Bessie, daughter of John Corphie, Inglishman, and

Marion Mairteen.
George, son of George Tavernor, Inglishman, and Issobell

Hutchesone.
Zephaniah, son of John Harraden, Inglishman, and Jonet

Robertson.
John, son of John Dabsone, Inglishman, and Jonet

Rutherford.

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40 The Scottish Antiquary ;

1657. May 10. Joseph, son of Samuell Brooks, Inglishman, and Jonet

Patersone.
„ May 10. Margaret, daughter of Henry Spyce, Inglishman, and

Margaret Palmer.
„ May 31. Anthonie, son of John Moreis, Inglishman, and Jonet

Atchesone. W. Anthonie Graves.
„ May 31. Marie, daughter of Jonathan Wan, Inglishman, and

Helen Patoun.
„ June 30. Jonet, daughter of Umphra Haitlie, Inglishman, and

Margaret Williamsone. W, John Homcastle.
„ June 30. Thomas, son of John Couper, Inglishman, and Issobell

Ormiston. W. Tho. Rochester.
„ Sep. 13. Thomas, son of Thomas Fatles, Inglishman, and Mag-
dalen Park.
„ Sep. 22. Anna, daughter of William Mayne, IngHshman, and

Sussana Mayne.
„ Oct. 25. John, son of Theophilus Cook, Inglishman, and Margt.

Harroway.
„ Nov. 3. Dorathie, daughter of Robert Parkin, Inglishman, and

Jane Hay.
„ Nov. 10. Joseph, son of Thomas Jonstoun, Inglishman, and Mar-
garet Wright. W. Samuell Winder.
„ Nov. 17. Marie, daughter of John Bared, Inglishman, and Margaret

Badzenoch. W, Peter Leonard.
„ Dec. 17. Agnes, daughter of William Watsone, Inglishman, and

Issobel Reid.

QUERIES.

We hope our readers will assist us in making the Scottish Antiquary
of more value, especially to those who ask for information, by sending
replies to queries. Many Scotsmen residing in our colonies and in
America have not access to documents which our home readers can
readily consult. In many cases, we are sure it would be easy to supply
our friends at home and abroad with the information they ask for. As
Scotsmen are specially kindly in the sense of valuing kinship, let them
also be kindly in the sense of being good-natured enough to assist their
brother Scots who ask their literary help. We write this because the
* reply ' portion of our magazine is not so useful as it might be made.

Ed.

CCLXIV. The St. Clairs (continued from vol, viii./. 181). —

1. William de St. Clair, Justiciarius Galwythice in the time
of King William the Lion. Was he of the Roslin family ?

2. William St, Clair, first of Roslin, 1280-1300, is stated to
have married a daughter of the Earl of March. Can this be
confirmed ? Was Longformacus thus acquired as dowry ? Was
Sir William made prisoner at the siege of Dunbar in 1296, at
which he was on the losing side. Was Annabel St Clair, married
to Sir David Wemyss, a daughter of Roslin or of Herdmanston ?

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3. Was William St. Clair of Roslin, 1358, son or grandson of
his predecessor Sir Henry ?

4. Margaret, daughter of William St. Clair of Roslin, is stated
to have married ist, in 1353, Thomas, Earl of Angus. Can the
date be right?

5. What relationship is presumed between Thomas de St.
Clair, ballivus of Kirkwall, and Alex, de St. Clair (parties to an
Orcadian record in 1364), and the Roslins?

6. An Attestation of the Lawman and Canons of Orkney in
1422 (see Ork. Saga, Intro. Ixiii), is stated to certify inUr alia
that Henry, first St. Clair Earl of Orkney, was himself married
to Elizabeth, daughter of the late Malise, Earl of Orkney. Is
this true ?

7. In 1 39 1 Earl Henry disponed the lands of Newburgh and
Auchdale in Aberdeenshire to his brother David. A century
later Newburgh was in the possession of the Earl's great-grand-
son, William the Waster, ancestor of the Lords Sinclair. This
implies failure of issue with David. Is there any record of
possession intermediate between David and William? Who
witness the deed {Dipiom. Nonvegicum, ii. 401)?

8. In 1396 Lady Elizabeth Sinclair and her husband. Sir John
Drummond, give Earl Henry a quittance with regard to any
claims they may have in favour of the Earl's heir-male. The
deed is stated to be in the Perth Charter-chest. Elsewhere I
see Elizabeth is married to Sir John Edmonston. Who witness
this deed, and what other personages does it name ?

9. The first Earl Henry married Jean Haliburton. Is it known
whether she was a daughter of Walter Haliburton of that Ilk or
of Sir John Haliburton of Dirleton ?

10. Earl Henry 11. is stated to have granted to his brother
John several lands, viz. : the Kirktone, the Loganhouse, the
Earn Craig, the Easter and Wester Summer Hopes, on condition
that if he had no heirs-male they should return to the House of
Roslin. Did they so return ?

11. Was a dispensation granted for the re-marriage of his
widow, Egidia Douglas, in 141 8 ? (See Douglas, Peerage,) She
is stated to have married Murdoch, Duke of Albany, but in all
subsequent appearances is only styled as Countess of Orkney.

1 2. Who was Thomas Sinclair, mentioned as a leading Orcadian
in the charges of the Commons of Orkney of 1425. If the reference
in article 1 1 to John Craigie can be construed as son of Thomas*
sister, then Thomas would be brother to Earl Henry 11. Can it
be so construed ?

13. William and Edward St, Clair appear as witnesses to an
instrument of infeftment in 1447 (Genealogies p. 67). Who are
they?

14. John Sinclair of Deskford and Findlater (1420), whose
heiress, Margaret, married in 1437, Sir Walter Ogilvie. Is this
John the brother of Earl Henry 11. ? A John and a Thomas
Sinclair are present in 1434 at the investiture of William, Earl
of Orkney.

15. Alex, Sinclair attests the Orcadian Diploma at Kirkwall,
1446. Who is he?

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42 The Scottish Antiquary;

1 6. Who is author of the lines beginning *The constant
courage, and the loyal love* (p. i6, Hay's Genealogie)}

1 7. The Sindairs of Dry den, — Vestiges of such a family appear
from time to time closely associated with the Roslins. 1446,
Edward Sinclair of Dryden (Hay, p. 27), perhaps the same per-
son who witnesses the infeftment of 1447. ^^ ^4^° an Edward
Sinclair witnesses a bond by George Lord Seton to Sir Oliver
of Roslin (Hay, p. iii), and in 1502 Edward Sinclair leads the
Orcadians against an incursion of the English. A Sir John
Sinclair of Dryden, *the Queen's knicht' of Dunbar's poem,
occurs in the Treasurer's account as early as 1490, and continues
down to 15 1 2-13. He may be the Sir John in Peterkin's Rental
of 1503. Later on Dryden appears to have passed to the
descendants of Sir Oliver of Roslin. In 1591 John Sinclair of
Dryden conveys Lass wade to John Nicolson. Further informa-
tion of this family would be of interest.

18. The Sindairs of Balgreggie, — Could an outline of the
descendants of this family be readily obtained ?

19. Sir fames Sindair^ Governor of Kirkwall Castle, natural
son of Sir William Sinclair of Wassalter, received Letters of
Legitimation (1528-39). Is it known who was his mother?

20. On p. 113 of Calder's History of Caithness there is men-
tion of a Complaint^ intended to have been preferred against
Sir James by Lord William Sinclair (his cousin). Is the paper
in existence, and what names are mentioned ?

21. Calder's History of Caithness^ note on p. 336, refers to a
suit of Beatrix Gordon, wife of William Sinclair of Dunbeath,
in 1574 to repudiate her marriage with him. It would be of
value to refer to the proceedings, and determine the date of her
marriage with him, as there is much confusion hanging over his
marriages. (See Caith, Fam. Hist,^ article * Dunbeath.')

22. ^Roslin Castle,^ — What is the age of this air?

23. Patrick Sindair^ Ambassador to England 1524-28. Is
he the 3rd son of William Sinclair of Roslin mentioned in the
entail of 1542?

24. Themas Sinclair, Keeper of the Privy Seal 1567. Who
is he?

25. Oliver Sinclair of Pitcaimes (Solway Moss). Are his
descendants known ?

26. Could the connection of the Sindairs of Earlston, North-
rig, and Morain with their parent stems be readily shown ?

27. Could any reader favour me with an extract from the
Scottish Exchequer Rolls down to, say, 1600 of any notices
relating to the St. Clairs or Sindairs ?

Rowland St. Clair.

CCLXXVI. Erskine of Kinnoul. — Sir Nicholas Erskine, second son of
Sir Robert Erskine by Beatrice Lindsay, is the reputed ancestor
of the House of Kinnoul. He had two safe-conducts from
Edward iil, one with 6 and the other with 8 horsemen.

Erskine of Kinnoul occurs occasionally in Wood's Peerage

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and in other Scottish books, but the entries are not connected.
Can any of your readers help me to a pedigree ? C.

CCLXXVII. Erskine, Lord Kinnedar. — Whence did this gentleman,
the intimate friend of Sir Walter Scott, spring?

William Erskine, Lord Kinnedar, was father of John Erskine,
Captain 40th Regiment B.N. I., his son, William Charles Chitty
Erskine, was of Nether Kinnedar.

Lord Kinnedar had a sister, Mary Ann Erskine, who married
the Right Honourable Archibald Colquhoun, Lord Advocate.

Also his father was Rev. William Erskine, minister of
Muthill.

By some accounts he was a branch from Pittodric or Bal-
hagarty. Can your correspondents correct or add to the
above? C

CCLXXVIIL ' The Belt.'— The following are extracts from the Kirk-
session records of the parish of Kilconquhar, Fife : — * Grissel
Horsburgh and Margaret Kilmany, as flyters and fighters, the one
to the belt, the other to the jougs. Grissel Horsburgh to pay 20
sh. if shee goe not to the belt' * This day Janett Anderson was
ordined to pay fourty shillings for flyting, and to mak hir repent-
ance publicklie befor ye pulpitie, and if ever shee be fund in ye
lyk fait againe, yt shee should be lyable to stand in ye belt zxid.
pay ye double of hir penaltie.' Can any one say what the belt
was ? At first I thought it might refer to scourging, and be
equivalent to our more modern tawse, but the second of these
extracts evidently points to something different. R. P.

Dollar.

CCLXXIX. Sheets in Scotland. — The custom of sleeping in one large
sheet doubled at the foot, seems to have been peculiar to Scot-
land, and to have made special impression on more than one
English traveller. Fynes Moryson, writing in 1598, says *they
used but one sheet, open at the sides and top but close at the
feet and so doubled ' ; and John Ray the Naturalist, who visited
Scotland about 1662, remarks that 'it is the manner in some
places there to lay on but one sheet as large as two, turned up
from the feet upwards.' The practice, I imagine, was continued
till quite recent times, and I have when a boy slept in a sheet of
the kind. Such pieces of linen were termed * sheets ^ par excel-
lence, the single coverings which are now used being called
* half-sheets.' Is the larger size still in use anywhere ? If so it
would be well to make a note of it J. B. P.

CCLXXX. Forbes of Knapernay. — John Forbes (younger brother of
Sir Samuel Forbes, Bart., of Foveran), married Margaret Craw-
ford, and purchased the lands of Knapernay, Aberdeenshire.
His sons were Samuel (served heir to his father 17 15), and David,
bom 23rd November 1708. Samuel Forbes of Knapernay
had a son John (served heir to his father 1765), who succeeded

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44 The Scottish Antiquary ;

to the Baronetcy of Foveran. Can any of your readers give me
some account of David Forbes ? * Absque Metu.'

Edinburgh.

CCLXXXI. Dr. Alexander Monro, /n>//«j. — Who was the mother of
Dr. Alexander Monro ? His father was John Monro, surgeon
in the army of King William, and his grandfather Sir Alexander
Monro of Bearcrofts. My information is that Surgeon John

Monro married, before 1697, his cousin^ Miss Forbes, niece

of Mr. Forbes of Culloden. What was her name, and who were
her parents ? Was she a daughter of Captain James Forbes of
Caithness (younger brother of John Forbes 11., of Culloden),
who married, circa 1650, Agnes Monro, daughter of Rev. George
Monro of Pitlundie, elder brother of Sir Alexander Monro of
Bearcrofts ? I shall be indebted to any of your reader who can
give me assistance in clearing up this point.

•Absque Metu,*
Edinburgh.

CCLXXXIL The Male Representation of the Robertsons of
Strowan. — To whom would the chieftainship of the Robertsons
pass in the event of the extinction of the male descendants of
Duncan Mor Robertson of Drumachine? Certainly to the
descendants of James Robertson of Cultaloskin, fourth son of
Robert Robertson of Strowan by his wife, Agnes Macdonald, of
the Keppoch family. But who are they ? The Robertsons of
Cultaloskin cease to appear as proprietors of Cultaloskin with a
Patrick Robertson after 17 19. Whether Patrick had issue does
not seem to be known. There is a tradition that the above
James Robertson of Cultaloskin had a quarrel with his elder
brothers regarding the support of Montrose (James refusing to
join Montrose) and left them and made his way to Bervie, in
Kincardineshire. I shall be much obliged if any of the readers
of Scottish Antiquary can tell me if there is truth in this tradition
and also furnish me with information respecting James Robertson
of Cultaloskin and his descendants, or tell me anything concern-
ing James Robertson in the parish of Caterline, and Christian
Capenhart, who gave up their names in parish of KinefF 1664
(KinnefF being near Bervie) for proclamation for marriage, as well
as anything about James Robertson, merchant of Bervie, who
died 13th December 1758, aged 90, and was buried at Bervie,
he having married at Bervie, 12th April 1705, Elizabeth Bumess,
by whom he had issue — James, Jane, John, William, George,
Christian, and Alexander. In March 1705 James Robertson and
Elizabeth Bumess were both of the parish of Caterline.

L. S. R.

CCLXXXIII. Sir Peter Young.— Was Sir Peter Young the descendant
of Sir James Scrymgeour of Dundee, and his wife, Isabel, eldest
daughter of Andrew, 3rd Lord Gray ? J. G. B.

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REPLIES TO QUERIES.

CCLXIV {a) 4. loLANDE DE CoucY. Moreri (1724), s, v, Robert de
Dreux, gives a long account of the various members of the
family, quoting among other authorities Du Chesne, Histoire de
Druexy and Argentr^, Histoire de Bretagne.

Robert i., fifth son of King Louis vi. of France, »i., thirdly,
Agnes de Baudemont, Dame de Braine, and, dying in 11 88, left
by her

Robert 11. {d, 12 18 or 19), Count of Dreux, of Braine, and
of Nevers, /^., secondly, lolande de Coucy, eldest daughter of
Raoul I., Sire de Coucy, and Agnes of Hainault ; their eldest
son was

Robert in. {d, 1233), m, Eleanor, only daughter of Thomas,
Sieur de St. Valeri, and Adela of Ponthieu, their heir was

John I. {d, 1248), m, Marie de Bourbon, leaving

Robert iv., m, Beatrix, Countess of Monfort TAmauri, only
child of John i., of Monfort TAmauri, and Jeanne du Chateau
du Loir, or Chateaudun. Their second daughter,

lolande, was m, in 1286 to Alexander in. of Scotland, and
afterwards, in 1294 (as his second wife), to Artus 11. Duke of
Brittany, son of John 11. of Brittany, and Beatrix, daughter of
Henry in. of England. She died in 1322. Her son,

John de Montfort, claimed the Duchy of Brittany in op-
position to his niece, Jeanne (wife of Charles of Blois), grand-
daughter of Artus, by his first marriage with Marie, heiress of
Limoges.

It was Raoul de Coucy (father of lolande, who m, Robert n.
de Dreux), who, when mortally wounded in the Holy Land,
II 91, ordered his heart to be taken to the Lady of Fajel Her
husband seized it from the squire and had it chopped up and
mixed with her food. On hearing of what she had partaken,
the lady refused to swallow anything more, and thus died of
starvation. This story is given by Fauchet, Anciens Poetes
Francis, but is not mentioned by Du Chesne, Histoire de la
Maison de Coucy, Moreri (17 16) also gives the name of
L'AUoiiette, Histoire de la Maison de Coucy ^ as a reference.

Fess Checquy.

CCLXXI V. Family of de Lard. — The family of de Lard (more correctly
deArdy or de la Ard * of the Aird,') into which Matilda, daughter
of Malise, Earl of Stratherne, married, took its name from the
well-known district of * the Aird,' lying between Inverness and
Beauly. That district was at one time the property of the
family, and the greater part of it now belongs to Lord Lovat.
Matilda's husband was Wiland of the Aird. Mr. Lart, as well
as Mr. Rowland St. Clair, will find information regarding the
family's connection with the Earls of Stratherne and Caithness
in Anderson's Orkneyinga Saga, and Skene's 'Notes on the
Earldom of Caithness,' in Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries
of Scotland, vol. xii. William Mackay.

Inverness.

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46 The Scottish Antiquary ;

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

History of the Scotti^ Churchy by W. Stephen, Rector of St. Augus-
tin's Dumbarton, Vol. i. Edinburgh, David Douglas. — Mr. Stephen, in
his first volume of the History of the Scottish Churchy carries the reader
down to the fall of the Mediaeval Church in 1560. The history of the
Early and Mediaeval Church has often been attempted, but the work under
consideration is none the less valuable. The early history of the Church
in Scotland seems to possess a peculiar fascination for the Church his-
torians, though in many ways it may be described more as a hagiology
than a history of the machinery and progress of a national church. Mr.
Stephen is not an exception, and we are of opinion that he has dwelt on
the legends of our early saints at somewhat too great length. The late
Bishop Forbes of Brechin has furnished information which makes the
student acquainted with the early missionaries to Scotland. But if the
reader feels inclined to skip some pages, filled with rather irrelevant matter,
his attention is arrested and secured by the admirable treatment bestowed
on the later periods of Scottish ecclesiastical life and work. A clear and
valuable light is thrown on the Culdees, on Queen Margaret's work, and
the result of it, in the effect produced by the supremacy of Rome as
compared with the effect produced on the Church of England. These
subjects are treated in a clear and forcible manner while we note an
absence of bitterness, which too often mars the work of the Church his-
torian. Mr. Stephen possesses a pleasing and interesting style which will
make his works further valued. We have not room in our pages for
long extracts, but we think the following account of Glasgow Cathedral
will interest our readers : —

*The first Cathedral in Glasgow was dedicated in 1 1 36. Forty years afterwards it
was wasted by fire, and Bishop Jocelyn then began the magnificent building which is
still the chief ornament in stone of the city of Glasgow. The life of St. Kentigem, by
Brother Jocelyn of Furness, was written to promote the re-building. Further to raise
money, a guild of St. Kentigern was fonned, indulgences offered, collection appointed,
and offerings collected in all the parish churches of the kingdom. The crypt was begun
in 1 181, and consecrated by Jocelyn in 11 97, in the first week of July. Each annivers-
ary of the dedication was followed by a great fair of eight days' duration. The Glasgow
Fair Holidays have now been observed for seven hundred years by twenty generations
of citizens, few of them probably aware of their origin and of the memorable prelate who
was the builder of their matchless crypt and the former of their fair. The choir of the
Cathedral was finished in 1258. A wooden steeple followed, but it was destroyed by
lightning. The present spire, which is of stone, and is the least worthy part of the
structure, was begim by one bishop (Lauder), and finished by another (Cameron), in the
first half of the fifteenth century. The name had been in progress probably from the
middle of the thirteenth century, under successive building bishops, down to 1480, when
it was completed. Blackader, the first archbishop (1484-1508), built the rood loft and
began the south transept, but got no further than the under part, which is now called his
crypt. They said of St. Mungo's Cathedral, as the type of an endless task, what used to
be said of the patron's life, " It is like St. Mungo*s work, it is never finished." The
clang of the Reformation made the adage prophetic* — P. 278-9.

We have only to add that for type and general appearance the work is
admirable, and we feel sure the reader will lay it down when finished with
a wish to see the continuation of the work — which will include a period
which we doubt not Mr. Stephen will treat in as scholarly a style, and in
as fair a spirit as he has already displayed.

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Frenches of Scotland^ by A. D. Weld French, Boston, U.S.A., privately
printed. — A study of genealogy affords convincing evidence that the
adage, ' There are as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it ' holds
good with regard to families. Many of our oldest families are not to be
found in the peerage, and some are so proud of their untitled position
that they decline with thanks the offer of a coronet. As the north-west
of Scotland can boast her Highland chieftains, so the southern and the
eastern portion of the kingdom still possess families sprung from Saxon
followers of Queen Margaret and Norman knights, who, having gained a
lodgment in England, got across the borders and colonised the fair
vale of Annan, and worked northward to Aberdeen. Some of these men
founded houses prominent in our national history ; the list can be headed
by Bruce and Stewart. The power of the house of Bruce early showed
itself by the number of families which were allied to it by interest rather
than consanguinity. Annandale was the home of men who, recognising
the Bruce as the most influential settler, seem to have paid him the com-
pliment of making his armorial bearings the model on which to form their
own. The saltire with a chief y of the Bruces, varied by different coloured
metals and subsidiary charges, is borne, amongst others of less note, by
the Johnstones, Kirkpatricks, Blackwobds, Jardines, and the Frenches,
which last family were early in possession of a district in Annandale
known as Frenchland. We find from Mr. A. D. Weld French's Index
Armorial that the family of France of Scotland bore ' vert a saltire arg, on
a chief or^ then fleur-de-lis az,^ These are not the arms at present
attributed to French of Frenchland, but they point to the locality of the
early home of the family of French or France. Mr. Weld French has
supplemented his Index Armorial of the name of French with Notes on the
Surnames of FrancuSy Francis ^ French^ etc^ in Scotland, with an account of
the Frenches of Thorny dike, and in a compass of 100 pages he has com-
pressed a vast amount of genealogical research. A short preface explains
the formation of the various forms of the name from a common root, and
having done this he shows in the body of his work how the Frenches
were in France the neighbours of the Bruces and Valoines in the district
of the Cotentin in Normandy. Mr. French is a careful and laborious
writer, and his book is an example of the value of collecting all scraps of
information when compiling a family history. We have little doubt that
we shall sec further results of his labours, and that they will prove both
interesting and valuable.

The Last Resting-place of a Scottish Queen, by the Rev. E. Highton,
M.A., Rector of Tarrant Keynstan, Dorsetshire. — Mr. Highton has
written a short account of two celebrities who were buried in his church,
Joan, daughter of King John of England and Queen of King Alexander 11.
of Scotland, and Bishop Richard Poore, the founder of Salisbury
Cathedral. Though in the title precedency is duly given to the queen
and lady, yet most of the paper is taken up with an account of Bishop
Poore. The notice of the queen is short, and we give it, only adding
that she died at York without issue, and that Alexander married a second
time, and by his second wife, Mary de Coucy, left issue, King
Alexander iii.

About forty years ago, in the making of a road from the end of the
abbey bam, two stone coffins were found, not buried in the ground, but

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48 The Scottish Antiquary.

lying on the floor, covered with the ruins of the chapel walls. The slab
which covered one of these is the one standing by the font in the church ;
the other, a smaller one, which covered the coffin of Queen Joan, daughter
of King John of England, and wife of Alexander ii. of Scotland, who was
buried here in 1238, is lying on the greensward outside, waiting to be
placed near the slab of Bishop Richard Poore, beside which it rested for
more than six centuries.

This royal lady had been a great benefactress to the abbey, and had
directed that her body should be buried there. The king, Henry iii.,
who was much attached to her, and had tenderly nursed her during her
last illness, after her death sent down her body to Tarrant. It rested at
twenty-six churches and abbeys on the way down from London, and to
each of these the king gave a costly altar-cloth, and he directed that an
effigy of his sister should be placed on her tomb in Tarrant Abbey. This
effigy has gone, as so much else that was beautiful and precious went, in
the sad time of the dissolution of the monasteries : but the memory of the
holy bishop and the good queen still lingers about the lovely spot ^ in the
retired Dorsetshire valley, where their bodies were laid.

Attempt at a Catalogue of the Library of the late Prince Louis Lucien
Bonaparte, London : Henry Sotheran.

The late Prince Lucien Bonaparte, as he was usually styled, was well
known as an enthusiastic linguistic student. He formed a library of works
on and in various languages that has never been surpassed. This library
is now for sale. It is the earnest desire of his widow that it should be
sold en bloc^ and it would be most unfortunate if it has to be dispersed.
To give an idea of its size alone, it may be mentioned that the works
number 13,699, and deal with over 300 languages and dialects. Mr.
Collins has prepared a catalogue which is contained in a quarto volume of
718 pages. This work alone must be regarded as a most comprehensive
and valuable bibliography of linguistic literature. Should the library find
a resting-place in any of our great public libraries, we shall retain a
treasure and a monument of the late Prince's industry and skill. If it
leaves Britain, we fear that many of the books which compose it will be
lost to the British student, who will still have, however, the benefit of this
most interesting catalogue.

Brief Account of Clan DonnacJiaidh, Glasgow : Privately printed. In
a cover, bright with the tartans of the Clan, the * brief account' is
issued to the members of the Clan Donnachaidh Society, and is the
work of an enthusiastic and careful writer, Mr. David Robertson, F.S.A.,
Scot. Clan Societies are capable of doing a great amount of useful work,
not only in preserving alive the old clan feeling, but in collecting facts
throwing light upon the ancient history and life of the Highlands, and of
the men who have above all others preserved their national character for
loyalty and patriotism. The population of the Lowlands has undergone
great racial change. The student of Highland life and history will see
how the natives of that district have kept wonderfully free of change. To
all who are interested in the subject we can recommend Mr. Robertson's
book.

^ This was called indiscriminately Locus bettedictcs Regime super Tarente^ or Locus
Sancii Ricardi Episcopu

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Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes and Queries

Published Quarterly

EDITED BY

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F.S.A. SCOT., CONC. SCOT. HIS. SOC. F. HUGT. S.

VOL. IX.

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HALLEN'S
TRANSCRIPT OF THE

REGISTERS OF ST. BOTOLPH,

BISHOPSGATE, LONDON.

Vol. I. {now ready for binding). Contents : —

Transcript (597 pages). I. Marriages, 1558-1753 (ii»35o
entries). 2. Baptisms, 1558-1628 (8850 entries).
3. Burials, 1558-1628 (19,000 entries).

Index (225 pages of 3 columns small type).

Vol. II. {now ready for binding). Contents : —

Transcript (632 pages). Burials 1629-1752 (63,190

entries).
Index (206 pages of 3 columns small type).

Vol. III. Contents: —
Transcript (368 pages) already isstced to subscribers.

Containing Baptisms, 1629-1690 (18,400 entries).
Index — In the press, will be issued in one part as soon

as possible.

NOTE.— These tiiree volumes contain 1597 pages of transcript (many beingf
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Burials, a grand total of 120,790 entries, making the publication the most
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Increased to 48 Pages, with Illustrations. Price is.
THE SCOTTISH ANTIQUARY; or, NORTHERN NOTES

AND QUERIES. A Magazine of Archaeology, Etymology, Folklore, Genealogy,
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The Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes and Queries

CONTENTS

Notes.

PACK

609. Conliessions of AUoa Witches. . 49

6ia Strangers, 5a

6zz. Pedigree of Pitcaini of Innemethy, 59
6x3. The Bttrial-plaoe of the Earls of

Mar. 63

613. The Lee Penny, .... 68

614. SkeanDubb, . .70
6x5. Old Edinburgh Registers, . 70

6x6. Surnames 72

6x7. Holy Wells in Scotland. ... 77

6ia Public Records 79

619. Old Dunkdd Seal. .... 79

690. Old House in Burntisland,

621. Sealof James I.. . . . .

623. Royal Arms of Scotland.
633. Kirk-Session Records (Camock)

624. Sir Franc van Halen, K.G.. .
635. Parish Registers in Scotland. .

Queues.
CCLXXXIV. John. Eleventh Earl of

Mar

CCLXXXV. Cuthbert of Inverness, .
CCLXXXVI, Campbell of Greenyards,

Replies.
XCI. Bennet Family.
CCXLI. Maitland Family. .

PAGB

, 8x
. 83
. 83
. 84
. 91

93
93
93

93
95

CCLXIV (d). Orcadian.

Note. — T^ Editor does not hold himself raponsibie for the opinions
or statements of Contributors,

All Communications to be setit to the Editor of^ The Scottish Antiquary^'
The Parsonage, Alloa.

609. Confessions of Alloa Witches. — The following * delationis,
dittees, and confessionis' of a number of Alloa witches is copied from the
original manuscript in the Library of the Society of Antiquaries of Scot-
land. The document has been written on one side of a large sheet of
paper two feet nine inches in length by twelve inches in breadth, and
afterwards divided into three smaller sheets. So far as I am aware it has
never before been printed. It is a pity that the writer has not given us
fuller details of the ceremonies performed, even though it should have
taken * ane great wolum to express.' For the benefit of some readers the
following explanations of a number of the words occurring in the con-
fessions may be added: Cuningar^ a rabbit warren; Curving^ coven, a
witches meeting, Latin convenire ; grange grange ; putches^ pouches, pockets ;
quhinis^ whins; skard^ alarmed, disturbed; strawedy strewed; zeardit^
buried ^ the earth. Geo. F. Black.

At Alloway the tent Day of Maij 1658 yeiris, The delationis, Dittees,
and confessionis of Umq" Margret Duchall and Margret tailzeor, Bessie

vol. IX — NO. XXXI v. D

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50 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Paton, Jonet blak and Kathren Renny, and otheris as followis, In first
wmq^^ Margret Duchall quho died laitlie in prison, being accused for
charming and other great presumptionis of the sin of witchcraft, Did freelie
confes hir paction with the diwell, how he appeared first to hir in the
liknes of a man in broun cloathis, and ane blak hat, who desyred hir to be
his servant, to quyt god and renimce hir baptisme, all qch she granted scho
did, as lykwayis scho granted he gawe hir his mark qch was on hir eye lid,
Scho lykwayis granted the death of thrie Woman with hir own handis, Scho
lykwayis declared that ther was sex women mair besyd hir self that was in
thair cuwing, whois names scho declared to be, Margret tailzeor, Besse
Paton, Jonet blak, Kathren Renny, elspit Blak, and Margret Demperstoun ;
Scho lykwayis Declared, that scho and thes said woman, was at ane meet-
ing, at the bletching burn abowe Jean Lindsayis zaird, with ane other bony
las with a blak pok, quhom scho said scho Imew not, bot the rest knew
hir, And after they war turned all in the liknes of cattis, they went in ouer
Jean Lindsayis zaird Dyk and went to Coudans hous, whair scho declared,
that the Dewill being with tham went up the stair first with margret
tailzeor Besse Paton and elspit blak who had ane pok with som th[ing] in
it lyk peas meall, and they strawed it on tuo of coudons bairnes, qch scho
granted was the death of tham both, Scho lykwayis granted, they altogidder
had on meeting to tullibodie,quhair they kild a child, ane other to clakmanan,
quhair they kild ane other child, ane other meeting to the grang of alloway,
quhair they kild ane milk kow, ane other to the bowhous, quhair they
kild ane horse and ane kow : Margret tailzeor being in prison hes con-
fessed hir self to be the servant of the diwell be paction, quho appeared to
hir in the liknes of a zoung man with gray cloathis and a blew cap, quho
desyred hir to renunce her baptisme, qch scho did, and quho gawe hir his
mark, as scho confessed in hir secret member, Scho lykwayis confessed
that scho was at thair meeting, qn they destroyed Cowdonis tuo bairnes,
and that ther was on thair with ane blak pok with tham, and ane other
with ane bony quheit coat, and Besse Paton, Jonet blak, Kathren Renny
and Margret Demperstoun : Scho lykwayis confessed that they wer at ane
meeting in the bowhous whair scho hir self was thair with Besse Paton
Jonet Blak and Kathren Renny, quhair they destroyed ane horse and ane
kow, and scho declared that besse paton, zeardit raw flesh and salt wnder
the horse stall, Scho lykwayis confessed ane meeting in the cuningar,
quhair they war altogidder dancing, to wit, Jonet Paterson in cr[aig]ward
Barbara Erskin in Cambus Jonnet miliar in Tullebodie, Besse Paton, Jonet
blak, Kathren Renny James Hudston, And James kirk who plaid on the
quhistle to tham, and that the diwell was pnt w*** tham : *

Besse Paton hes not as zit confessed hir paction with the dewell, Bot
scho is delated be Margret duchall Margret tailzeor Jonet blak and
kathren Renny, that scho is guiltie of the sin of wit[c]hcraft, and that scho
hes bein with tham at severall meetingis with the dewill, and speciallie at
the destroying of Cowdonis bairnes, edward tumoris kow, and at the
destroying of W™ monteathis horse and kuy, and that scho zeardit raw
flesh wnder the stall, quhair newer a beast liwed zit that stood in that
place, with many horrible dittes and great presumptionis giwen in against
hir : And scho hir self confessed that Margret tailzeor and the bony las
with the blak pok, and elspit blak was the thrie that went in that night to
Cowdonis hous that the tua bairnes war destroyed, to that token as scho
said, that the first bairn that died, ther died ane bitch with him, and the

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second bairn qo he died thair died ane cat with him : Scho lykwayis
dedaied that kathren Blak and Jonnet Reid was as guiltie as hir self,
for scho said scho hard kathren blak say on night to Jonnet Reid qn they
discordit, away comon theiff, ze hawe the windingscheittis of all margret
mastertounis sex baimes in zc/ kist lyand, and zow was the dead of tham
all, Scho lykwayis declared that Barbara Erskin in cambus was guiltie
lykwa)ris for scho was at the casting away of the boat at blakgrange, quhair
Aer was fywe men cast away :

Jonet Blak confesset the meeting with the diwell among the quhinis as
scho went to Simisyd, in the liknes of a dog with a sowis head, who cam
horn to hir hous and laid with hir, qch was ay since the great storm of
snaw, Scho confessed severall meetingis with the abowenamed cuwing,
confessed all thair names, and lykwayis that ther was ane bony las with
ane blak pok w' tham that went ay nixt the diwell w*** margret tailzeor,
and that scho was with tham at the destroying of coudonis baimes, quhair
the diwell, margret tailzeor with ane long rok and kathren renny with the
short rok and the bony las with the blak pok all went up the stair togidder,
and that they took som thing out of thair putches befor they went wp
from the bak door, qch was the death of the baimes : Scho said that since
scho begud to confes the diwell had taken hir thrice away, Scho declared
lykwayis that Besse paton was at the drouning of the boat at the blak-
S^^ge, quhair the ffywe men was lost, and that the said Besse wold hawe
had hir with tham bot scho wold not goe : Scho wold newer ceas in the
tym of hir confession bot spak ay of the diwell Margret tailzeor and the
bony las with the blak pok whom scho said was ay togidder. All this is
besyd many horrible dittes and great presumptionis, qch wold tak ane
great wolum to express.

Kathren Renny hes confessed freilie hir paction with the diweU, that
scho hes bein this long tym in his service, and that he first appeared to hir
in the bodis medow in the liknes of a man with gray cloathis and ane blew
cap. Scho confessed he took hir be the hand and desyred hir to be his
servand qch scho granted, and that he desyred hir to renunce hir baptisme,
qch scho granted Tscho did]. And scho being asked quhat meetingis scho
had with the diwell, and the rest of hir cuwing, scho ansuered scho had
severall meetingis with all tham abowenamed, som tymis at the cuningar
quhair they danced and sang, somtymis at Androw erskins litle hous
quhair they war skard on night with James Moreis, and scho confessed
they had a meiting wp the bum, quhair ther was ane bony las with ane
blak pok, who went befor ower Jean Lindsayis zaird dyk and Margret
tailzeor with hir, and besse paton Jonet blak Margret duchall and hir self
stayed at the stairfoot, till they went wp to Cowdonis hous and destroyed
tua baimes, Scho also declared that elspit blak was at the sam meiting w***
tham, with many great dittes, and horrible presumptionis against hir besyd.

AH thir last four mentioned in the marien, ar in prison, and heir fol-
lewis the names of the personis delated and som of thair dittes and pre-
sumptionis, qch ar not as zit apprehendit :

Elspit Blak delated, be margret duchall. Be Besse Paton be Jonnet
Blak and be kathren Renny to be guiltie, and that scho hes bein at all
thair meitingis, with many other great dittes and horrible presumptionis
against hir :

Margret Demperstoun is delated be margret duchall and bessie Paton :
we hawe not as zit hard of any ditte or presumption against hir.

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52 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Kathren blak is delated be Besse Paton, and Kathren Renny, to be
guiltie, and that scho was at thair meetingis, scho hes bein of ane ewill
nam thir twentie zeiris bygain and upward, and many feaifull dittes and
horrible presumptionis against her.

James Hudston is delated be margret tailzeor, to be guiltie and that
he was at ane meeting with tham in the cuningar, And ane great ditte
giwen in against him besyd.

Jonet Reid is delated be Besse Paton and Margret taikeor to be
guiltie, with sundrie great ditties against hir.

James kirk is delated be Margret tailzeor to be guiltie, and that he
was at ane meeting with tham in the cuningar, quhair the diwell and they
war altogidder dancing and the said James kirk playing on the whistle to
tham, with many great dittes and feaxiiill presumptionis against him, besyd
ane ewer \siCy ewel] name of ane warlok and ane great charmer all his
lyftym.

Barbara Erskin is delated be besse Paton to hawe bein at the casting
away of the boat at the blakgrang, scho is lykwayis delated be Margret
tailzeor, quho declairis scho was at ane melting with tham in the cuningar,
quhair they danced altogidder with the diwell, and James kirk quhisUng
to tham.

Jonet Paterson in craigward is delated be margret tailzeor to be a great
witch and if scho be not spedilie taken, margret tailzeor sayis scho will doe
the toun of alloway ane ewell tume.

Jonet Millar in tuUibodie is delated be margret tailzeor to be guiltie,
shoe [sic] hes the report of a great charmer, all hir lyftym, and many great
dittes against hir.

All thir abowe wrettin confessionis delationis and dittes exprest we
wndersubscryweris testifie to be of trewth as witnes our handis at Alloway
the said tent day of Junij 1658 zeiris, is followis

Ale^ Ritche Johne Valke Henry Towar

James Lindsay Johne Arthour Andro Thomson

C. Inchlone (?) James Cwninghame Ro* Archibald

A. R. J. Sinklar Johnn Kirk, constable

James Mitchel, cowper Kinhorne Willam Symmer

John Murray Walter Suord Johne Hunter

John Short William Dryisdall Johne Mackenzie

610. 'Strangers.' — A body of men were known in England in the
1 6th and 17th centuries as 'Strangers' or ' Estrangers,' that is extranei,
foreigners ; the verse ' The Lord careth for the strangers ' (Psalm cxlvi.)
is rendered in the vulgate *Dominus custodit advcnas.' They are now
better known as Huguenots, a word about the derivation of which much
doubt exists. I am chiefly concerned with those Strangers who came from
the country now called Belgium, and who were classed under the general
term Dutchmen. It must be remembered that France now possesses
much of the country that formerly belonged to the Austro-Burgundian
Dukes, also that the inhabitants of Alsace and Ix>rraine, now belonging to
the German Empire, were vaguely called Dutchmen.

The Reformation in the i6th century, whilst it shook the pillars
of the Church of Rome, made its power felt in those countries that
were most closely connected with Rome. Flanders and Brabant, the
country now called Belgium, had passed by inheritance to Spain, and

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she found herself called upon to govern large and important provinces,
separated from her by the broad kingdom of France, and inhabited
by men whose history and character were utterly unlike her own.
During the 13th and 14th centuries, firabant and Flanders had risen
to a state of great prosperity, owing to the energy with which the
inhabitants carried on foreign commerce, and the industry with which
they laboured at various branches of manufacture to which they added a
courage which enabled them to defend their liberties, and prove dangerous
foemen in the field. Gathered in large and well fortified towns, they were
able to defy the authority of their Dukes when their liberties were threat-
ened, and at an early period of their history drove out of their cities the
territorial nobles who were unable to raise amongst the peasantry a force
strong enough to regain their influence. The consequence was that these
nobles and their families in many cases gained wealth and power by join-
ing the great trade guilds, and thus gave to them an odour of aristocracy
unknown in other lands. Florentine merchants, or Lombards, as they were
called, saw the advantages of settling in these countries^ and not only
brought with them many of the refinements of the more luxurious South,
but a skill in managing all money affairs, which has been one of the char-
acteristics of the race. Edward iii. of England had much to do with
Flanders and Brabant in their most prosperous times. He invited
Flemings to teach his own people the art of weaving. He found it advan-
tageous to employ a force of Flemish soldiers in his wars with Scotland
and France, and on more than one occasion he visited Mechlin for the pur-
pose of borrowing large sums of money from members of the noble Italian
merchant families residing there. When Flanders and Brabant were at the
height of their prosperity they were handed over to Spain. It was a matter
of hereditary succession, but they were not long in discovering that things
would no longer be as they had been. Their merchant princes were as
proud of their lofty lineage as the Spaniards; they felt that they were
superior to them in skill, and equal to them in courage. The Fleming
compelled nature to his service, and was as proud of wielding the smith's
hammer as he was ready and skilful in wielding the sword after he had
forged it Even under more favourable circumstances it would have been
difficult to have maintained harmony, but the rapid progress of the Reforma-
tion made it impossible to do so. This great movement received a welcome
in these provinces and, truth, once received, was guarded with dogged
courage. Spain felt herself called upon to root out heresy, and Charles
the Fifth and his more bigoted son Philip were willing instruments in the
hands of Rome. Mottley has told the tale of horror, and from his pages,
and from many other writers, we know that Spain, in her effort to exter-
minate Protestantism, laid desolate her wealthiest provinces. I would
recommend for study not only Mottley's works, but a smaller and most
interesting account written by Dr. Smiles, called 'The Huguenots in
England' and 'Huguenots abroad.' He shows what bitter trials the
foreign Protestants had to bear. My purpose is not to describe the
various steps by which a fruitful land was made barren, but rather, the
effect which all this had on our country. To understand this part of this
subject it will be necessary to say a word or two on the condition of Eng-
land in the i6th century. The wars of the Roses had well-nigh destroyed
trade, and had injured the few handicrafts which were carried on in
England. Great plagues, too, had ravaged the country, and thinned

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54 The Scottish Antiquary ;

the population. In the towns trade guilds had a monopoly, and rigidly
set their faces against anything like free trade. Roads, as we know
them, did not exist ; but robbers such as we do not know now did exist,
and made all travelling most dangerous, not only to purse, but to life.
How could trade grow — much more flourish — under such a state of things,
just then aggravated by the sudden dissolution of the monasteries, which,
in spite of their faults, had supplied to some extent the more modem
institution of the Poor's Board and the School Board ?

A short sketch may show how completely dependent Englishmen were
on foreign countries for most of the luxuries and many of the necessaries of
life, and much was supplied by Flemish skill and industry. Let us take
the case of a man of moderate means — one who in London would be a
citizen and a member of one of the numerous * worshipful companies'
or * mysteries ' {ue, maisteries) which still exist, who, if he lived in the
country, would be designated * Yeoman,' * Husbandman,' or if he had a
right to bear a coat-of-arms, * Gentleman.' Sheets to his bed, as a rule,
there were none, save when he was sick, and then they were * Sheets of
Raynes' — so called from the place of their manufacture. His walls, if
adorned at all, were hung with tapestry from Arras, or with an imitation
called * counterfeit Arras.' His small store of silver plate was, with few
exceptions, of foreign workmanship. He took his food from an English
*treen,' or wooden plate, but any earthenware he possessed was from
Delft. His meat was cooked in a maslin pan or brass pot made at Mech-
lin, unless he was content with an English square copper kettle, made of
copper plates rudely rivetted together. His choice of vegetables was very
limited, unless he lived near a seaport, where he could buy from Flemish
traders cabbages, onions, carrots, turnips, and peas, none of which were
grown in England. There were no hops in his ale, unless he lived in
Worcestershire, where they were grown even in Saxon times.

Hops, reformation, baize and beer,
Came into England all in one year.

His watch, if he had such a rare luxury, was foreign. The knife at his
girdle, though made in England at Sheffield, even then famous for its
cutlery, was a * jocteleg,' so called from Jaques de Liege, a Fleming, who
introduced the manufactory. Knives were not made by Englishmen in
England till 1563, when Richard Matthews obtained an order forbidding
the importation of Flemish knives. In his pouch, amongst many debased
and perhaps clipped coins, he might rejoice in possessing some real ster-
ling money, that is, money sent over by the Esterlings or Flemings in
payment of the wool he had sold to them. He might even possess some
florins, or Florences, gold coins named after those Florentine merchants I
have already mentioned. Most of his costume was Flemish, from the
black felt hat which covered his head, to the Cordovan leather which on
state occasions encased his feet, and which he purchased from a cordo-
vainer belonging to the small Flemish colony dwelling at the manor of
Blanchapelton, near Mark Lane, London, where, in the reign of Edward iv.,
shoemakers (or cordwainers), basket-makers, wire-drawers, and other
foreigners, were permitted to have shops.

Englishwomen were niore dependent than men on Flanders for the
necessaries and luxuries of life, such as laces of Mechlin or Brussels,
velvets and satins of Bruges, linen of Mechlin or of Ypres, and thence

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called diaper, Holland frieze, baize, duffle, cambric, pictures, coaches,
musical instruments, cooking utensils, such as vessels of brass, pewter,
and iron, herbs, vegetables, Flemish brick for scouring purposes, Flemish
tenpenny and other nails, spices, perfumes, starch, trinkets, and buttons,
all were foreign.

We know, from lists of protected goods, what things were manu-
factured in England down to the middle of the i6th century, and
these lists show how little could be done by Englishmen, and that
many things till then imported were, after the arrival of the Strangers,
made by them and their descendants in our own land. If goods had not
been largely imported life would not have been endurable, so incapable
was England at that time of supplying necessaries and comforts. When
persecution broke out in Flanders affairs had assumed a complexion
in England which encouraged the fugitives to turn their feet thither.
Though Henry viii. was at heart no Protestant, he was no slave to the
Pope. Edward vi.'s reign, though short, promised well for the cause of
reform. Mary could not drive back the tide that was fast rising, and
with Elizabeth came a golden opportunity. Wise, cautious^ and far-seeing,
she recognised the value of such men as the Flemings ; and we find that
not only did she offer them a hearty welcome, but she led them to hope
that she would interfere actively to save their country — nay, might even
take them so far under her protection as to allow herself to be elected their
Sovereign. Flemings came to England by tens of thousands. They first
settled in the towns on the east coast — at Norwich, Yarmouth, and further
south, at Deal, Sandwich, and Dover — but they flocked chiefly to London,
where their advent caused serious alarm to the citizens, who saw that their
handicrafts were in danger. These new comers were known as * Strangers '
long before the word Huguenot was in general use. The church registers
in London parishes go back in many cases to the year 1538. A' few of
them have been carefully transcribed and printed, and the frequency with
which the term 'Stranger' appears after a name shows the steady increase
which took place in their number. As they were aliens, it was deemed
necessary to have lists of them made in every parish. This was done with
varying exactness at intervals between 1562 and 1635. Many of these
lists are preserved, and are now being carefully examined, and will pro-
bably be printed by the Huguenot Society, which has lately been formed,
with the object of throwing light on the whole subject. To give some
idea of the numbers of Strangers to be met with, I need only state that
4000 were residing at Norwich, while in London in 1571 there were
10,000. Flanders was becoming depopulated, and England received the
great proportion of the flying host. Some went to Sweden, and others
found a refuge in those parts of Holland which remained free under the
rule of the patriotic house of Nassau. I will now attempt briefly to de-
scribe the influence exercised by the Strangers on the country of their
adoption. I can, of course, only give a general account of the work done
by them when they established in England the manufacture of those
articles of daily domestic use which they had before sent to us by the
hands of the merchant strangers. At Norwich they gave a new impetus
to the weaving trade, which had been started at Worstead and elsewhere,
by Flemings invited over by Edward in. Some Lorrainers commenced
glass-making in London, and set up branch works at Newcastle-upon-Tyne
and Stourbridge. Till then glass was a foreign luxury. Panmakers (a

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56 The Scottish Antiquary ;

trade new to England) opened, about 1600, extensive works. The latter
called maslin pans, from Maslinia, the Latin form of Mechlin. Flemish felt-
makers settled in Large numbers at Southwark, and soon spread throughout
the country. They abounded at Newcastle-under-Lyme, where hatmaking
was until lately extensively carried on by their descendants. The Com-
pany of the Feltmakers was not established till 1604. Buttonmakers set
up their quarters at Birmingham. The extensive market gardens near
London were first cultivated by Flemings, to whom we owe those common
vegetables without which a bowl of Scotch broth could not be made.
In London and elsewhere the clockmaking business was almost
exclusively in the hands of Flemish or French Protestants. To
Flemish brewers at Southwark, London owes her fame for beer. Some
of the great breweries are now, I believe, in the hands of descendants of
Strangers. At Mortlake, tapestry works were started, but with less
success. But Strangers made the cotton district what it now is, for they
introduced the weaving of flax and hemp * coatings,' from which we have
the word 'cotton.' Musical instruments were made by Strangers, and it is
an interesting fact that Thomas Cramer was a virginal maker in London
in 1580. He may have been an ancestor of Cramer, the well-known piano
maker of the present day. The virginal was the original idea from which
the piano developed. The general break-up of society in Flanders sent
to England very many painters. I need only mention Sir Anthony van
Dyck, Sir Greoffrey Kneller, Sir Peter van der Faes (better known as Sir
Peter Lely), Jan de Mabuse, and Sir Peter Paul Reubens.

It must not be supposed that the EngHsh were always kindly disposed
to those who had been driven upon their hospitality, or were blind to the
fact that they had in them dangerous rivals in all branches of manufacture.
It was not easy for the Strangers to conciliate their hosts, nor was it pos-
sible for them to conceal their nationality, — their foreign tongue, and their
outlandish names, taking the word in its true sense, betrayed them. We
find, however, that Flemish names soon got anglicised, or were altogether
thrown aside in favour of an Englbh equivalent. Heninghoek became
Herring, Puijt became Pugget, or even Bucket; Hennezal, Henzy; du
Thisac, Tyzack ; Vischer, Fisher or Vizard; van Halen, Hallen ; Hoek was
changed to Leek, de Lean to Waters, Haestricht to James. The prefix
van, equivalent to the French de, was soon given up, except by * Merchant
Strangers,' who had an interest in retaining a token of their nationality, or
by wealthy men who could afford the luxury. As the Strangers got
scattered over England, they soon mingled with the people of the land,
and by intermarriage the succeeding generations became identified with
those around them. It is not to be supposed that all or even the great
majority of those who came to England for shelter were poor. Flanders
lost her noblest and her wealthiest citizens never to recover them. In
many cases they had found means ere the storm burst to make provision by
sending over much of their fortune before them. They had also friendis
or relations, who were ' Merchant Strangers ' and who had many oppor-
tunities of helping the fugitives. These ' Merchant Strangers ' formed a
Company, and had for centuries imported Flemish goods under strict
r^ulations. They were obliged to lodge with a citizen, and sell their
goods within a month after their arrival, or forfeit them. They were for-
bidden to import articles made in England, but as so few things were
home-made, this restriction did not press heavily upon them. When the

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Strangers came later on in vast numbers they had also to lodge with
citizens, for London was then fearfully overcrowded, and wealthy city
merchants received whole families as lodgers. We find in entries of the
burials of Strangers that they are described as being 'out of the house of
some citizen. This arrangement lasted for many years. It was probably
only in the country that they secured houses for themselves, and started
works, forges, looms, or furnaces for carrying on their special handicraft.
In towns where large numbers were to be found, the Strangers were per-
mitted to assemble for public worship after their own manner, and to
retain the Church government they had been used to. Where this was
the case, regular registers of baptisms, marriages, and burials were kept.
Many of these have been preserved, and an important London one has
lately been transcribed and printed. It belongs to the Church of the
Austin Friars, which, singularly enough, had been the resort of Flemings
in the 15th century. This Church, after the dissolution of monasteries,
was given to the Protestant Strangers, and in it their descendants worship
at the present day. Many interesting facts are to be met with in these
registers, and in the domestic papers which are in the Record Office,
and have been most ably calendared. Early marriages were then
common in England, but especially amongst the Strangers. The reason
is not far to seek. Children were of special value, as each son was
trained to carry on a handicraft, which was the peculiar property of his
parents. Widows soon sought second mates. They were alone amongst
those of a different race, and felt their need of a husband's protection.
Old and distinctive Christian names were cherished, even when the sur-
name had got anglicised, and in many cases brothers bore the same name,
a custom not unknown to the English, for we find that John Leland, the
antiquary, was one of three brothers named John, who all grew to man's
estate. Surnames were sometimes changed by the use of the suffix son ^ to
the parent's Christian name ; thus the son of Cornelius would be Comelison.
This practice was of course common in England, but at an earlier date, for
by the i6th century English proper names had got pretty well settled down.
Besides the congregation worshipping in the Church of the Austin Friars,
London, French Strangers were permitted to worship in the crypt of Canter-
bury Cathedral. This service is still continued, and only lately this chapel
has been restored and decorated as a memorial to the late Archbishop,
whose catholic and generous nature was in full sympathy with the presence of
the descendants of a persecuted race, within the walls of that temple, where
he was enthroned as Metropolitan of the great English Reformed Catholic
Church. His predecessor. Archbishop Laud, was not, however, a man of
such wide views, and he tried to force the Strangers into conformity with
the Church of England. In this there was not much probability of
success ; anyhow, the troubles which so soon followed left them at liberty
to worship as they thought best. The authority of the Dutch Churches in
England to deal with their own people, and their recognition by the State,
is shown by the wording of a recantation by some Anabaptists in the year
^574- (Stow, p. 679.) * And further, I confesse that the whole doctrine
and religion established and published in the Realme of England, as also
that which is received and preached in the Dutch Church here in the citie,
is sound, true, and according to the Word of God, whereunto in all thinges

' 1603, August 13, Buried 'Leonard Peterson sowne of Peter Ffranncis.'— ^^Z/JSTtf//.
pn WuU Register.

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58 The Scottish Antiquary ;

I subscribe myselfe^ and will most gladly bee a member of the sayd Dutch
Church, from henceforth utterly abandoning and forsaking all and everie
Anabaptisticall error.'

I have hitherto spoken of England as the home of the Flemish strangers.
I wish I had information sufficient to consider what influence they had on
Scotland. I can, however, only generalise. The wave of immigration did
not break in its full force on these shores. The condition of Scotland then
was not favourable. She was too much rent with civil and religious strife to
offer a tempting home to the Stranger flying from these very evils in his own
land. The earlier influences of the Flemings must not, however, be wholly
passed over. ' The burghs of Scotland owe much of their early prosperity to
the large immigration of foreigners which had gone on during the twelfth
and thirteenth centuries. The original founders of our towns are supposed
to have been, in many cases, wanderers from Flanders, who brought with
them their habits of industry, and knowledge of trade and manufacture.
Settlers of this description had come in great numbers to England in the
reign of Henry i., and spread into the sister country ; and when Henry ii.
drove all foreigners out of his dominions, they flocked into Scotland, where a
more enlightened policy made them welcome. Independently of their value
in directing and improving the infant manufactures of the country; they
became channels for the introduction of many imports from Continental
countries. In Berwick they lived apart as a separate community, and
they appear prominently in the accounts not only of that buigh, but of
Perth, Edinburgh, and Inverkeithing.' (Introduction to Excheg. Rolls^
Scot,^ vol. I. p. Ixxxiii.) In early Scotch inventories and accounts we
find such entries as * Patellae magnce de Flandria' (1328), *011a enea,'
'Patelloe eneoe' (1384). In the inventory of goods stolen from Robert
Kerr, of Ancrum, in 1537, we find *thre dosane of Flanders pulder
(pewter) Plaittis weyand fyve stane wecht, v. dosane of Flanders poyder
trincheounes (trenchers), twa lawers (lavers) of Flanders poyder, v. tyn
flaconis of Flanders, aucht pannis of Flanders, twa frying pannis, . . .
three standis of napery of fyne Flanders demik,' etc. The ports of
Fifeshire and the Lothians were the chief resort of Flemings, and there
is a strong presumption that they introduced weaving and panmaking.
How else can we explain the prevalence of weaving in the Dunfermline
district, and iron girdle making at Culross. Hagabag, a corruption of
a Dutch word, was the name for a rough linen cloth woven near New-
burgh by men who were believed to be the descendants of Flemish weavers.
The old Fifeshire name for a shoemaker — a * brabaner' — points plainly to
Brabant. I hope to learn more about the work of the Flemings in Scotland.
At present I have scarcely searched beyond the occasional notices that
occur in public records. As the value of our kirk records is more recog-
nised I feel sure that some interesting facts will be brought to light, and I
am glad to say that a Society for the diffusion of information culled from
these and other ecclesiastical and domestic records has been formed.

More might be said about the work of Strangers in Ireland than
in this country, for there they settled in great numbers, and for many
years formed colonies quite distinct from the surrounding population.
I visited when in Waterford the Church in which they formerly wor-
shipped. It once belonged to the Grey Friars, and was given to the
Strangers by the city corporation, who also paid the stipend of their
pastor, being glad to encourage the residence of so many skilled artisans.

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The weaving trade they established has now disappeared, and the church is
disused, save that some descendants still bearing the old names have the
right of burial in the vaults beneath.

I cannot wholly pass over the second great wave which a century
later swept from France to our shores in 1685. The revocation of
the Edict of Nantes brought thousands of French Protestants to
England, but the effect on our nation was not the same. The French
Protestant did not take so readily to English life as the Fleming.
He probably did not as readily determine to settle down, but was
ever hoping to return to France. There was neither so great a
demand for skilled artisans, nor were the French skilled in so many handi-
crafts as the Flemings. Silk weaving was their principal industry, and
that was extensively carried on in Spitalfields, and the names now met
with on shops at the east end of London show how many descendants of
the French silk weavers still exist. The wealthier refugees had been
trained in a school far different from that of Flanders. They regarded
manual labour as beneath the dignity of a gentleman, whilst the Fleming
of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries was a gentleman because of— not
in spite of — his practical connection with the great trade guilds. We find
that this was to a great extent the case in Scotland also. ' Even at an
early period the younger son of a landed man was not considered to
compromise his rank by becoming a merchant burgess ' ^Introd. Exch,
Rolh^ ScoU^ vol. I. page Ixxxiii.). Let us clearly realise tne position of
affairs. A Frenchman, though rich and well bom, could no longer rank
as a gentleman if he turned trader, artificer, or farmer, nor could his
descendants. 'La noblesse se perd par le trafic' (says Desbois). An
Englishman might rank as a gentleman in spite of his being a trader,
artificer, or farmer ; a Scotsman was in much the same position ; but a
Fleming ranked as a gentleman because he was a trader or artificer, and if
he held office in a trade guild he was esteemed noble.^ Merchants ranked
' inter nobiles et magnatos.'

It is clear that great practical advantages have accrued to Great
Britain from the presence in the i6th and 17th centuries of men whose
blood is now flowing in the veins of thousands of British families — of
men who came here possessed with the power of doing something, and
who did it, who effected a change in our position amongst nations for
which they are now only getting that honour which is their due. Times
are changed I We are sending out men full of vigour and of hope. Men
who make good emigrants because they have the blood of old Huguenot
immigrants in their veins.

611. Pedigree of Pitcairn of Innermethv {continued from p. 9). —
IV. Mr. Andrew Pitcairn of Innemethie (son and heir of No. III.).
He was, as the old writers of biography say, bred up to letters, and was a
Master of Arts — probably of the University of St. Andrews. By Contract
of Marriage of various dates in the year 1606 he was affianced to Margaret
Ramsay, daughter and heiress-apparent of Henry Ramsay of Lawes, Co.
Forfar (who appears to have been connected with some of the landed

* * You shall even see his window made over his door ... to show you his pedi-
gree. . . . Their Annes are there which shall beare their atchievments w*** y« helmett of
a Baron at least, the Feild perhapps shaU bee charged w^^ 3 basketts, to shew his
Fathers trade portraied.'— i4 Sketch of the Lam Countries (tern. Jas. l,), Antiquary y. 12.

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families of that ancient surname in the County of Fife). They were
married ante 9th February of the following year. On the 21st of August
1622 he had seisin of Innemeihye^ on Charter by his father, dated at
Auchtermuchtie the 21st of August of that year, and witnessed by Henry
Pitcaime de eodem^ Robert Pitcairne servitor to a Serene Prince^ Charles if
Great Britain^ Prance and Ireland^ David Seatoun in Vrquhart (Urquhart,
parish of Strathmiglo), and John Philp son of John Philp, Clerk of
Newburgh, and by the latter.

V. Andrew Pitcaim of Innernethie and Cordon (eldest son and heir
of No. IV. supra). In 1632 he, and Margaret Robertson, his future spouse,
had seisin from his father of Innernethye. This lady appears to have
been a daughter of Thomas Robertson, a citizen of St. Andrews, by his
wife Jonet Reekie. This laird, and his wife, on the 3rd of August 1646,
entered into a Contract with Archibald, Earl of Angus, and his wife, the
Lady Ann Stewart, for her interest, by which the former alienated to the
latter the lands of Pitcurraneis adjoining Abemethy. In excambion for
the alienation of the above lands, the Earl and his Countess, by Charter
dated the 3rd of August 1646, disponed to this Andrew Pitcaim, and his
wife, the lands of Cordoun^ with the mill, woods, fishings, etc., to be holden
of the Earl and his heirs-male and successors, barons of the barony of
Abemethy, in feu-farm for a yearly feu-duty of jQZ Scots, and a duplicand
thereof on the entry of heirs. This Charter by the Ear!, and his consort,
as she is styled, bears to be written by Robert Pringle, junior, son of
Robert Pringle, senior, of Templehillis, writer to the King^s Signet, and to
be signed and sealed at Tamptallon of the date above given, before
Archibald Douglas of Hanlanes, Mr. James Sempill, the Earl's servitor,
and Samuel Hunter, apothecary in Edinburgh. Andrew Pitcaim also
acquired the lands of Haltoune in the parish of Abemethy from Andrew
Lundie of Carie and Provost's Mains (son of Andrew Lundy of Conland,
in the parish of Falkland, who was a younger son of Robert Lundy of
Balgonie by Margaret Lumsden his wife, lady of the barony of Conland
in her own right, whose father, James Lumsden, lord of that barony, fell
with his father-in-law, Robert Amot of Woodmiln, at Piodden)^ and he, and
his wife, Margaret Robertson, were infeft therein on the 2nd of June 1656.
He latterly got into embarrassed circumstances, and had to alienate
the family estate of Innernethye which he, and his wife, and his father, did,
in the year 1655, for the sum of 15,850 merks, to Patrick Ross, a notary
in Perth, and Mr. Robert Ross, his eldest son [Deeds Register, MS.,
Register House]. Cordoun was apprised from him and from his eldest
son, James Pitcaim^ in the year 1662 by William Oliphant of Provostmains,
for ;;^439o, I2S. lod. Scots of principal and ;£^22o of Sheriff-fee : and there
were other apprisings against him. He was alive in 1664. He had the
following issue known to me : —

1. James Pitcairn of Cordoun, of whom infra as No. VI.

2. Andrew, who, on 26th December 1655, had seisin of an annual

rent out of Cordoun. He appears to have been engaged in
agricultural pursuits and to have farmed Porret He owned
a good deal of property in and about Abemethy. He was
dead ante June 1693. He married Isobel Balvaird, heiress of
Pitblae, who, on 31st May 1693, had seisin of Pitblae>
Mallartyne, and Montquhirrie on a Precept of Clare Constat
by the Marquis of Douglas, for infefting her in these properties,

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as heir to John Balvaird of Pitblae, her brother german,
(Perth Seisins). They had a son,

a, Andrew Pitcaim, a bailie of *Abemethy, who married
Christian Lennox, daughter of Alexander Lennox,
tenant of Balhepbum in the parish of Rhynd. On
the 23rd of November 1706, he had a Precept of
Clare Constat from Maria, Marchioness of Douglas,
for infefting him, as heir to his father, in a tenement
of land, with houses and garden adjacent to the
same, on the north side of the burgh of Abernethy,
the vennel called the Dead Wynd being on the
south — ^and in land there. This Clare bears that he
was son of Andrew Pitcaim, bailie of Abernethy, and
grandson of Andrew Pitcaim of Innernethy. He
was father of—

(i.) Robert Pitcaim of Pitblae, who, on 13th
June 1727, had a Clare from the Com-
missioners of the Duke of Douglas for
infefting him, as heir to his father, in
subjects at Abemethy, the way leading
from the J^ramide of Abemethy (the
famous round tower said to have been
built by the Picts), and the kirkyard being
on the east : and in a pendicle there called
St, John^s Croft \ and in lands called the
Fluks. In this writ there is mention of
Isobel Hunter, mother of Isobel Balvaird,
the maternal grandmother of the grantee.
By Ann Aison, his wife, he had a son,
Robert Pitcairn of Pitblae, to whom, by
disposition 29th January 1770, he con-
veyed his various properties in and about
Abemethy, and who, on 28th July 1789,
had a Charter from Archibald, Lord Douglas
of Douglas (the successful claimant of the
great Douglas Cause), confirming the last
mentioned disposition to him. He was
served heir-general to his cousin Andrew
Pitcaim of Hilltown, a writer in Edinburgh,
on nth October 1804 (see tn/ra), (Was it
from either of the above that certain families
of the same surname, flourishing in Dundee
towards the close of the last, and the
beginning of the present century, derived
their descent? In the West Church Bury-
ing-ground, Edinburgh, there is a stone the
inscription on which states that 'William
Pitcaun, Esq., son of Provost John Pitcaim
of Dundee, died in 183 1, aged 68 ' — of what
family was Provost Pitcairn?)
(ii.) Andrew Pitcairn, writer in Edinbuigh. On
the 14th of December 1726, he, designated

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* lawful son of the deceased Andrew Pitcaim
of Pitblae,' was, at 23 years of age, admitted
a Notary Public Notarial Motto * IHvina
Prcvidentia mihi haereditaie estJ He was
extensively employed in conveyancing
business in Strathmiglo and neighbourhood.
His name appears among the agents ad-
mitted by the Court of Session in the year
1755 : and he carried on his business in
HallurstofCs Wynd, On October 12, 1735,
he was married to Grizel Aison, daughter
to the then deceased Thomas Aison, writer
at Glentarkie, near Strathmiglo. [Edin-
burgh Marriage Register.] Mr. Aison
probably originally belonged to Dunkeld,
or that neighbourhood. On the 26th of
July 1694, he, described as Writer in Dun-
kddi was admitted Notary, being then of
the age of 27, and took for his motto ^Justus
ut paltna flarebit^ He appears to have
acted as factor and local man of business
on the Burleigh Estate of Strathmiglo.
The following entry from the Parochial
Register of Strathmiglo relates to his
burial: 1730, May 24, in 'First Cloth
to Thomas Aison, writer at Glentarkie,
;^o4 : 16 : CO.* Andrew Pitcaim died at
Edinburgh in the year 1780, and on
February 5 th was buried in the Grey-
friar's Burying ground there, '3 D[ouble]
p[aces] n[orthJ the Gate leading to
Heriot's Hospital, closs the wall, aged
80.* [Greyfriar's Mortuary Register, ms.]
His wife, Grizel Aison, who predeceased
him, was buried in the same Churchyard
' in Mr. Broun's ground ' on the 5th day of
May 1774. They had, with other issue,
(i) Andrew Pitcairn of Hill town, who fol-
lowed his father's profession of writer in
Edinburgh, born in 1736. In 1773-4 he
is entered in Williamson Edinburgh Direc-
tory as ist Clerk to William Binning,
Advocate, BulVs Turnpike, Latterly he
appears to have carried on his business
opposite the Water House on the Castle HUL
He died in the year 1803, sine prole, and
on the 14th March was buried beside his
father in the Greyfriar's. On the i ith of
October 1804, his cousin Robert Pitcairn
of Pitblae was served heir general to him ;
and (2) Janet, the wife of Mr. James Laid-
law, Writer to the Signet. She appears to

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have died sans issue on 24th October 1798,
and was buried in the Greyfriar^s on the
26th. Andrew, her brother, was served
heir general to her on 24th May 1799.
Mr. Laidlaw remarried at Dundee on nth
August 1 80 1 with Jean, 2nd daughter of
the deceased John Pitcaim, merchant, and
late Provost of Dundee. His ist wife's
family and his 2nd wife's were probably
related,
(iii.) Christina Pitcaim, wife of the Rev. Alex-
ander Pirrie, a dissenting minister at New-
burgh, author of several works on religious
subjects, some of them of a polemical
nature.
VI. James Pitcaim of Cordoun (eldest son of No. V. supra). He was
involved, along with his father, in pecuniary difficulties. He died, it is
believed, sine prole, ante i8th April 1664, of which date Isabella Edgar,
his relict, obtained Decree of Adjudication against her father-in-law and
William Oliphant of Provostmains, for his interest, adjudging Cordoun for
a debt due to her. She remarried with a certain Mr. Thomas Forbes, a
Doctor of Medicine.

Although I have not, up to the present time, been able to filiate Mr.
Alexander Pitcaim, minister of Tannadyce in Forfarshire, temp. Charles i.,
among whose descendants can be numbered men distinguished at the Bar
and on the Bench, in the Church and in Letters, including Principal Robert-
son, the historian, and the late Henry, Lord Brougham, circumstances known
to me make me conclude that he is likely enough to have been a son of
No. II. of the above pedigree. Jas. Ronaldson Lyell.

612. The Burial-place of the Earls of Mar. — The will of
Annabella, Countess of Mar, which was printed at page i, gives some
information as to her husband's intentions regarding the reinterment of
his ancestors in the vault at Alloa as Cambuskenneth had fallen into
ruin. There is, however, no record of this being done. The vault was
constructed, and two inscriptions now printed show the interval that
elapsed between the death of the Earl and the completion of the vault.
Henceforth it was regarded as the burial-place of the Earls of Mar, and it
seems certain that the four succeeding Earls of Mar were buried in it.
John, Earl of Mar, who was attainted and died abroad in 1732, left be-
hind him written recommendations as to the management of the estate,
which was preserved to his son by the purchase of it from Government.
In a small volume in his own handwriting, now in the possession of his
descendant the Earl of Mar and Kellie, he states his wishes concerning
his own burial and the erection of a monument in the family aisle, which
was over the family vault. This aisle was the chancel of the old Alloa
Chapel, afterwards the Parish Church. In 1819 the church was pulled
down, with the exception of the tower, and a new church erected on a
site about a quarter of a mile to the westward. On the destmction
of the church, John Francis, Earl of Mar, erected a chapel on the site of
the old chancel, and including within its area not only the old vault, but
space to the west of it in which two rows of brick graves were constructed.

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The first inscription is*inserted in the north wall of the vault.
The second inscription in the south wall.

VOL. IX. — NO. XXXIV.

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Northern Notes and Queries, 67

When the vault was opened in 1866 no trace remained of any coffins earlier
than the eighteenth century. It was supposed that the coffins of the
earlier Lords had been transferred to the brick graves ; a few years later
they were examined and found empty. No explanation can be given
of what is certainly a curious fact.

Lord Mar and Kellie has kindly permitted me to print the interesting
directions left by his ancestor, and also to reproduce a sketch made by
the attainted Earl to illustrate his description. l*he monument, if erected,
would not have been without dignity, but would, with the coloured fres-
coes behind it, have scarcely been deemed a congruous adornment to a
Presbyterian place of worship in the last century, though much superior to
many of the marble monstrosities which were allowed a place in churches
at that period. A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

Extracts from ^ Legacie to my son^ written by John, Earlof Mar, 1726 :
— * It is no great matter what becomes of a man's body when the breath of
life is once out of it ; But tho I should die abroad, I wish to be buried w'
my ancestors at home. Wherever my death happen I hope I shall not be
so destitut of friends to have non to take care to find some proper place
where to put my body to rest & remain free from insult, until it can con-
veniently, by the advice & direction of you & such friends & relations
as you shall think fit to consult, be transported to Alloa, & there, without
eclat or giveing disturbance to any, to be decently & privatly inter'd by a
few of my friends & relations.

* If it shall please God so to order that you shall come to be tolerablie
easie in y' affairs, w^ in his goodness I hope he shall, I recomend to you
the haveing a monument of marble made & erected for the ffamily in the
Isle of the Church of Alloa over the vault or burying-place conforme to
a Designe w*"** is amongest my Drawings. This monument & the alteration
of the Isle would not be very chargable, but I do not strictly tey you
down to this Designe for it, leaveing you at liberty to alter it according
to f own fancie, w* the advice of those you may consult who understand
& have a right teast of such things, as y' acquaintance, Mr. Gibb, to whom
pray make my compliments.

* I leave you also at freedome as to the Inscriptions to be put on the
monument, & I shall leave amongst my papers what occurs to me for
them.'

Chattou, March 1726.

* Directions concerning the monument to be erected in the Isle of the
Church of Alloa.

* The Monument to be an Obilisk of Black marble w* a heart on the
top of white & a flame comeing out of it of guilt brass, the obilisk standing
on a Pedestall of a different colourd marble, and Trofies of guilt brass to
be on the four sides of the Obilisk- Two sides to be made up of Broad
swords, targets. Highland guns and pistols, powder horns & bagpipes,
after the way of the Highlanders' armeing. The other two sides to be of
the ordinary & modern armour as now used, & a Comander-in-chife's
batton.

* In one place of the Trophies to be a representation of a bundle of
Papers teyd togither and indorsed Jewels for Scotland, anno 1722 ^
1723-

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68 The Scottish Antiquary ;

^ On one side of the Pedestall on a scutchon stuck to it to the armes
of Mar & Erskine as is now used by me. On the side opposite the Earle
of Mar's armes w^ the Earl of Panmure's impaled. On another side
Earle Mar's armes w' Earle Kinnoul's impaled. And on the forth side
L^ Mar's armes w' the Duke of Kingston's impaled.

' The Obilisk to be placed on the pedestall, the angles of the one con-
trair to the other, and supported on two Lyons & two Grifons couchant of
Brass guilt.

* On the four corners of the Pedestall to be four weeping boys of white
marble standing.

* The plain field on each side & Dado of the Pedestall to be of white
marble, on w**" to be cutt or ingraved such inscriptions as shall be thought
proper by L* Erskine.

* The Monument to be placed over the vault or Burying-place betwixt
the two stairs that lead up to L"* Mar's seat in the Church.

' A stair to be made from the door of L^ Mar's low seat into the body
of the Church, down to the vault or burying-place, w*^** stair to be so
coverd comonly w' planks or shutters that they can be easly take up or
opned when ther 's occasion of entering into the vault.

* The vault of the Isle to be taken away, for the roof to be made higher
on account of the Monument, & a coupola made directly over it, w*** rooms
made of each side of the Isle, all w*"** will be more clearly seen by the
Design or Draught.'

613. The Lee Penny (reprinted from T/ie Scotsman by kind per-
mission of the Editor). — In the ancient kirk of St. Bride, at the beautiful
village of Douglas, in the Upper Ward of Lanarkshire, are to be seen
two leaden caskets in which are stated to be enclosed the hearts of
two eminent Scottish noblemen — (i) the good Sir James Douglas, so
well known in history and tradition, and who was virtually the founder
of the great house of that ilk ; and (2) Archibald, the fifth Earl Douglas,
who has been designed * the great Earl,' but who is better known in the
history of Scotland as 'Archibald Bell the Cat,' High Chancellor of
Scotland. The founder of the house of Douglas, * the good Sir James,*
was one of the most trusted adherents of Robert the Bruce, and the
familiar tale of his expedition to the Holy Land with the King's heart,
and its result, need not be retold. The leading adherent of Sir James
Douglas in the expedition was Sir Symon Loccard (afterwards named
Lockhart) of the Lee, Lanarkshire; and after the death of his chief
the command of the Scottish soldiers fell to him. In a fight with the
Moors, Sir Symon Lockhart had, according to the tale, the good fortune
to capture a Moorish nobleman of high rank. The wife of the prisoner
brought her husband's ransom, and while paying over. the money to
Sir Symon, she accidentally dropped a jewel, which she eagerly picked
up and tried to hide from the Scottish leader, but without effect, as he in-
sisted on its being also handed over as part of the ransom. The Moorish
lady, finding her prayers to return the jewel had no effect, reluctantly gave
it to her husband's captor, at the same time informing him it had a
miraculous virtue in curing diseases, both of man and beast. This jewel
is the celebrated * Lee Penny,' which it is said inspired Sir Walter Scott to
write his well-known novel. The Talisman, The Lee Penny is a jewel of
a heart shape, slightly fractured on one side, of a dark red colour, semi-

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transparent, and for greater security has been set in a shilling of the period
of Edward i. It has a silver chain and ring attached, for the purpose of
enabling it to be used. The manner of its use in curing disease has from
the time it came into the possession of the Lee family been very simple, as
it was simply dipped in water which had been poured into a vessel, and the
contents of which were afterwards drunk by the patient.

This heirloom or ' talisman ' is still one of the most valued possessions
of the Lockharts of the Lee, and great care is taken to preserve it among
the treasures of this ancient Scottish family. Although in our modern
days the use of a curative * amulet ' of this description would be scoffed at
as idle superstitution, there is not the slightest doubt that for centuries the
Lee Penny was regarded as a very powerful charm or curative agent in the
treatment of disease, not only in Scotland but also across the Border ; and
so late as 1824 a gentleman came to the Lee and had the penny dipped in
water, which he carried back to England to cure his cattle, which had
been bitten by a mad dog. The results of this visit are not stated, but
this seems to be the last recorded case of the Lee Penny having been laid
under requisition as a panacea for disease. A local writer of some con-
siderable reputation for veracity and erudition, in a work published in
1864, regarding this family heirloom, says : — * There is one fact connected
with it, the truth of which can be attested by many individuals, and the
accuracy of which we have personally verified, namely, that if two glasses
are filled with water and the penny dipped into one of them, a person who
has not witnessed the operation can always distinguish the latter by its
taste.' As we have said, a firm belief existed for many generations in the
efficacy of this ancient jewel as a cure for diseases, and evidence to this is
to be found in the fact that when the plague visited Newcastle the
inhabitants of that city besought the Lockhart family to lend it to the
Magistrates for use as a remedial agent in dispelling the pest, and their
request having been complied with, a large sum of money was deposited
as a security for its safe return. Its removal to Newcastle appears to have
been attended with most beneficial results, as the Newcastle people were
very desirous to retain it, offering to forfeit the deposit-money rather than
return it to Lee; which, however, was not permitted. So late as 181 7, a
farmer and his son from Northumberland arrived at Lanark, carrying two
casks attached to their saddles, to contain water in which the Lee Penny
had been dipped. As a condition attached to its eflficacy on this occasion,
we read that after the Penny had been immersed it was ordered that the
vessels which contained the water were not to touch the ground till they
reached their destination. It is also alleged that a Lady Baird of Saugh-
tonhall, near Edinburgh, recovered from the effects of the bite of a mad
dog by drinking the medicated water, and bathing the affected parts in it,
even although prior to doing so she had already shown some of the dis-
tressing symptoms of hydrophobia.

The Domestic Annals of Scotland contain more than one reference to
this family relic as a curative agent. In 1628, during the witchcraft period,
a woman named Young was prosecuted as a witch for curing and inflicting
disease, and on evidence it came out that the accused and her husband
had sent to the Laird of Lee to borrow his * curing stone ' for their cattle,
which had the 'routing ill.' Lady Lee refused to lend the stone, but
sent flagons of water in which the Lee Penny had been dipped, whereupon
it is said the cattle drank and recovered. The Assembly of the ,Kirk,

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70 The Scottish * Antiquary ;

about the same period, during one of their sittings at Glasgow, took up
the question of the efficacy of the stone as a curative agent, and the
alleged superstitious use of it ; and the Laird of Lee, who had attended
the sitting, having explained the mode of using the amulet — viz., by
dipping it in water — the Assembly solemnly delivered themselves as
follows : — * Considering that in nature there are monie things seen to work
with strange effect y'rof no human witte can give a reason, it having pleasit
God to give to stones and herbes a special virtue for the healing of monie
infirmities in man and beast, advises the brethren to surcease their process,
as yVin they perceive no ground of offence, and admonishes the Laird of
Lee in the using of said stone to tak heid it be usit hereafter with the
least scandall that possibly may be.' We have no doubt the Laird and
his successors profited by the sensible admonition of the Assembly of the
Kirk, as for many generations thereafter this ancient amulet was, rightly or
wrongly, regarded in Scotland as a powerful factor in the cure of many
diseases, and its apparently successful operation was largely, if not entirely,
due to the imagination of the patients who partook of the sparkling fluid
in which the jewel had been solemnly immersed for their benefit.

614. Skean Dubh (vol. ix. p. 19.) — In reply to the above I am not
aware that I ever said the knife in question was not an old one. The
Scottish Antiquary (vii. p. 7 8) says : * The sketch here given represents
a skean dubh in my possession, which is said to have belonged to,
and have been worn by Duncan, first Lord Campbell of Lochow,
commonly known as Black Duncan,' etc. In vol. vii. p. 1 28, I pointed
out that if the skean dubh was the same one as I had seen, the evidence
that it had * belonged to and been worn by Duncan, first Lord Campbell
of Lochow,* was very slender. The knife may be old, I believe it is,
but even if proved to have been found at Finlarig, that does not go far
to substantiate the statement that it belonged to Black Duncan.

J. M'G.

615. Old Edinburgh Registers. — Marriages, 1595-1600.^ —

1595.

April 6. James Sybbal and Christiane Wood.

„ „ Johnne Hutchesowne and Jonet Wright.

„ 13. Robert murheid and Jonet Mure.

„ 20. Arthour ray and Elizabeth codiner.

„ 23. David rychardsonne and Sara bynning.

„ „ Malcolm pringill and Beatrix hay.

„ 30. William tod and Margaret finlaye (?).
May 4. James Wallace and Marioun gichen.

„ 7. William Scot and Jane Skene.

^, „ Archibald dempster and Agnes balderstonn.

„ „ George smyth and Margaret smyth.

„ II. James Dowie and Agnes welche.

„ „ Isaac moresone and Helene arnot.

„ 14. Rychard hornmaker and Geillie mure.

„ 18. Mr. James spottiswood and Agnes mowbray.

^ By the kind permission of the Registrar- General, I am able to give a transcript of
the earlier portion of these interesting registers.

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May 21. James John nestonn and Sibilla grahame.

„ „ David Wauche and Catherine Sytchie.

„ 28. Johnne robertsonne and Agnes arnot.

„ „ William Makgie and Katherine makgie.

„ „ James thomesone and Agnes carmychaell.
June 4. Thomas Marschell and Bessie rankene.

„ „ William crawfurd and Barbara Johnnestonn.

„ „ James thomesone and Margaret sommervell.

„ „ Rychard wilsonne and Agnes sommervell.

„ II. Johnne broun and Marioun diksonne.

„ „ Johnne cowlie and Christiane heriot.

„ „ Johnne home and Jonat ray.

„ 18. James sincler and Jonat strencherd.

„ „ William achesonne and Bessie thomesonne.

„ 25. Johnne land and Elspailt banchop.

,, '„ Johnne adamesonne and Marioun robesonne.

„ „ Johnne hodge and Margaret trunche.

„ „ William riddell and Masie burnet.
July 2. Robert jamesonne and Agnes fischer.

„ „ George knowie and Bessie zuill.

,, „ Harie wilsonne and Susanna libbertonn.

,, „ Robert nakket and Margaret murray.

„ „ James nicoU and Katherine lawrie.

„ „ Petter zair and Marioun pomfray.

„ „ George sandersonne and Barbara lowrie.

„ 9. Mr. James balfour and Issobell king.

„ „ Androw corbreck and Jonat Philp.

„ „ William Murray and Kathrene Wallace.

„ „ William blythman and Marioun maknacht.

„ „ William walker and Kathrene mowatt.

„ „ Walter hendersone and Jonat symesone.

„ „ Robert mercer and Rebecca Carmychaull.

„ „ William andersonne and Jonat lyell.

„ 16. James watsone and margaret russell.

„ „ Mathew distoun and Kathrene burnet.

„ „ James maistertonn and Janie aikenhead.

,y „ Johnne diksonne and Helene craig.

„ „ Rychard Campbell and Alesonne crumble.

9) 9> Johnne laing and Janie lawsonne.

„ „ Antonie quhyt and Margaret craik.

„ 23. Niniane makmorane and Elspailt purdie.

„ „ William storie and Euphame hay.

,y „ Samuell thomesone and Jonat spens.

„ „ James harper and Marioun sandersonne.

»> 30- Johnne wyllie and Marioun bartane.

„ „ Gilbert robertsonn and Elspaitt fiddes.

„ „ Alex' Makilwraith and Bessie reidpaith.

„ „ Johnne allane and Marioun leggat.

„ „ Thomas myller and Jonat steedman.

„ „ David broun and Barbara broun.

„ „ David partene and Margaret Johnnestonn.

Aug. 13. Gilbert gray and Agnes gib.

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72 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Aug. 13. Thomas seir and Issobell warrand.

„ „ William symesoune and Kathrene kinloch.

„ „ Johnne leirmount and Issobell kennoche.

„ „ Walter scot and Christiane scot.

„ „ William zuill and Begis symesonne.

„ 20. Johnne adamesonne and Marioun boyd.

„ „ Andrew gib and Issobell matin.

„ „ Thomas mure and Helene blackburne,

„ „ Robert stoddart and Elspathe hog.

„ „ Patrik fleming and Janet scheills.

„ „ David moresoune and Isobell dewnom.

„ „ Johnne alex' and Jonat wallie.

„ „ Alex' rwnsoman and Agnes scot.

„ „ Donald waddell and Margaret dalrimpill.

„ „ Rychard broun and Kathrene hop.

Johnne kello and Marioun blyth.

Thomas moir (or mow) and Kathrene coupland

James smyth and Margaret norwell.

Thomas corstoun and Isobell naigie.

Thomas blak and Marioun zoung.

James kay and Elspaith scot.

Maister Patrik bannatyne and Sara johnnestonn

Johnne darling and Marioun cairnie.

James allane and Agnes speir.

David dormount and Marioun erskene.

Rychard skyrling and Agnes wat.

Mr. Thomas moresonne and Marioun grahame

{To be continued.)

616. Surnames. — That Scotland is inhabited by Scotchmen is a fact
patent to every schoolboy, for he is taught that, in 843, the name Scotland
was given to the country because the dominant race were Scots who in
563 came from Ireland. I take my information from a Brief History of
Scotland, one of the Royal School Series. A further study of the same book
informs me that the Danes invaded Scotland, but were finally defeated and
expelled in loio. The English had also a nasty habit of invading
Scotland ; they however got their quietus in 13 14 at the ever-glorious battle
of Bannockburn, after which Scotland was the home of Scotchmen, and
the sons of those who bled with Wallace and by Bruce were led now sing
the praises of their sires. This is very national, very attractive — but I
would ask. Is it history ? Are Scotchmen as fully the descendants of the
Scots of twelve hundred years or even of six hundred years ago as the Jews of
OurLord'sday were of the followers of Moses? If not, why not ? That they
are not I venture to assert, why they are not, I will proceed to consider.

The Danes and the English were not simply invaders who, being
defeated, departed with bag and baggage. Many of them when they came
remained as settlers. What schoolboys are not taught, those who study
history more thoroughly discover, that both Danes and English became
denizens, and this was in a very striking manner the case with the English.
Wallace was by descent * the Walesman,' not indeed an Englishman, but a
Briton from Wales. Bruce was of English or rather Anglo-Norman

Sept.

27.
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10.

))

17.

>»

))

24.

Oct.

}}

15-

29.

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or, Nor t /urn Notes and Queries. 73

descent, and a great proportion of our own old Scottish governing families
were Anglo-Normans. The Stewarts, the Hays, Hamiltons, and very many
others. But it may be asked. Was the English the last great influx of
foreign blood ? I believe not. But as yet it has not been recognised
that there was a later influx. Genealogy has been neglected, and, as a
consequence, history has been obscured.

I was present lately at the sale of a famous herd of short-horns. The
auctioneer spoke eloquently and ably on the benefit cattle-breeding had
been to the farmer and the advantage of having a good stock whose de-
scent was accurately registered. I said to a friend. If I said half so much
about the advantage of human genealogy, I should be set down as a crank ;
and then I studied the catalogue, full of grand pedigrees, eleven and twelve
generations long, enough to take any of the men present back to 14th-
century ancestors, yet, amongst all of them, probably not more than a score
knew the names of their great-great-grandfathers. If a bull is the better
for having his pedigree known, why not a man ? Breeders know that a
bull inherits certain qualities, and produce his pedigree as a guarantee that
he has, or ought to have, these qualities — a bull does not, because he
cannot, realise the advantage of his pedigree, a man can, but as a rule
does not — that is his individual fault or misfortune as the case may be —
a nation made up of an aggregation of men is what its people make it, and
not to know the composition of the people is an obstacle to the clear
understanding of national history.

Two methods are available — the first, which must be necessarily
laborious, but is the most satisfactory, is to collect a mass of family
pedigrees and classify these. The Americans are busily engaged on this
work, and they will find the advantage of it.^ The other method is to
classify family names. The value of this is well discussed in a leader of
the Scotsman of March 15, 1894, which we print: —

* What 's in a Surname ? ' has received from an official source an answer
that may surprise unthinking and uninquiring people. In a special report
which has been prepared by Mr. Robert E. Matheson, Assistant Registrar-
General, on *the numerical strength, the derivation, the ethnology, and
the distribution ' of Irish patronymics, he lays it down that * the history of
the country lies enshrined in its Surnames.' If it be generally true that
by means of family nomenclature an insight can be obtained into the blood
and origin, the early employments and customs, the beliefs, the supersti-
tions, and even the humours of a nation, this must be especially true of
Ireland, where the subject is surrounded by picturesque and imposing
detail which can hardly be encountered in other lands. For, says this
authority, ' on our shop fronts and in our graveyards may be found side by
side the names of the descendants of the Milesian Prince, the Scandinavian
Viking, and the Norman Knight.' In these circumstances it may be
thought surprising that in our days, when everything is tabulated and
treated statistically, the materials of national history and character contained
in Surnames should have been neglected. An attempted analysis was
made in the Census of 1851, but from the difficulties met with it was
abandoned. Mr. Matheson, who had already broken ground for the work

^ Tyde what may Betyde^ a magazine edited by Mr. Stewart and devoted to the
history of the family of the Haigs of Bemersyde, is a most commendable attempt to
arouse interest in Scottish genealogy. We hope to notice it at some length in our next
number.— Ep,

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74 The Scottish Antiqtiary ;

in a treatise on the varieties and synonyms of Irish Surnames and Christian
names, was prepared to enter in earnest on the relinquished task with the
Census records of 189 1 for a basis ; but these were vitiated for his purpose
by a clause in the Act of Parliament directing that inmates of public
institutions should be indicated only by initials. His present elaborate
and most interesting report has, therefore, been founded on the information
extracted from the birth indices of the Irish General Register Office for 1890;
and affords means of comparison with similar analyses deduced by the
English Registrar-General from the indices of 1853, and by the Registrar-
General for Scotland from the index to the Birth Register for 1863.

The first point raised is that of the most prevalent Surnames in England,
Scotland and Ireland, and the extent to which, by being found in all three
countries, these indicate common elements of race and custom. For
Ireland a list of one hundred principal surnames has been prepared, while
for the other two countries only the fifty that were most common forty and
thirty years ago are available. * Murphy ' takes a pretty easy lead among
the Irish Surnames, holding the place occupied in England and Scotland
by ' Smith.' It is estimated that there were no fewer than 62,600 people
of that sept living beyond the Channel in 1890. Next to it came ' Kelly '
and * Sullivan,* as * Smith ' with us is followed by * M'Donald ' and ' Brown '
and in England (including Wales) by * Jones ' and 'Williams.' There is
wonderful agreement in the proportionate prevalence of the leading names
in the different kingdoms. The *Murphys' constitute 13.3 per 1000 of
the Irish population, while of * Smiths' of different spellings there are 13.8
per 1000 to the South and 14.2 per 1000 North of the Border. Taking
the three first surnames in each list, they form 36.9 per 1000 of the popu-
lation of Scotland, 35.7 per 1000 of the people of England, and 34.3 per
1000 of the Irish race at home. No fewer than seven surnames have a
place in the list of the first fifty for all three countries. * Smith,' so pre-
ponderant in Great Britain, has the respectable position of fifth in Ireland,

* Brown * which is third in Scotland, ranks sixth in England, and thirty-
seventh in the sister isle; 'Thomson,' which is fourth in the roll of
Scottish Surnames, sinks to the fifteenth place in England and to the forty-
second in Ireland ; and * Wilson,' eighth with us, is eleventh on the Eng-
lish and twenty-sixth on the Irish list. * Clark,' * Martin ' and * White * are
the other surnames common to the United Kingdom ; and it is a rather
remarkable fact that none of the second fifty names on the Irish list are
specially prevalent in both of the other countries, although a number of
them are common to England and Ireland, or to Scotland and Ireland.
These latter are to be found chiefly in Ulster, and are the living evidence of
the large admixture of Scottish blood in the North of Ireland. Mention may
be made, in addition to those already noted, of *Murrays,' 'Campbells,' and

* Johnstons,' and after them of * Stewarts,' * Reids,' * Bells,' * Scotts,' and
' McDonalds,* all more or less prominent surnames in Ireland as well as in
Scotland. Their positions on the respective lists are, however, very
different \ thus * Campbell ' with us is seventh, in Ireland only thirty-first ;
'Stewart' is sixth, and in Ireland fifty-eighth; 'Scott' is tenth, and in
Ireland ninetieth ; 'M 'Donald' yields place here only to 'Smith,' and in
Ireland it has to be content to be ninety-fifth.

If these facts tell of connections and resemblances, they speak also of
distinctions, and there are plenty of others to bring out the features of
contrast between Irish Surnames and those of England and of Scotland.

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Of the large majority of the Irish names, as of tliose of Scotland, it may
be said that they are * peculiar to the country ' in the sense of originating
there. But unlike those of Scotland, the characteristic Irish Surnames —
Murphys, Kellys, SuUivans, O'Briens, Byrnes, Ryans, Connors, O'Neills,
Reillys, Doyles, McCarthys, Gallaghers, Dohertys, and the rest — are in no
case found to be prevalent outside of Ireland. This points to a highly
significant difference in the distribution and influence of the two peoples.
The large proportion of surnames of English origin and meaning among a
people where the predominant element of the population is Celtic may be
explained in part by the old statutes requiring that every Irishman living
within the Pale * should take to him an English Surname of a town, as
Sutton, Chester, &c. ; or colour, as white, blacke, browne ; or arte or
science, as smith or carpenter ; or office, as cook or butler.' But, on the
other hand, it is known that English and Scottish settlers took Irish
Surnames ; and the question is further complicated by the practice which
prevails in some Irish parts *of using English names with their Irish
translations or equivalents interchangeably ; ' while an analogy to the tee-
names of our fishing villages is to be found in the custom of appending an
addition where a particular family name prevails exclusively, as in the case
of the Ryans of Tipperary, who are distinguished as the * Bann,' * Cooper,'
* Corney,' * Dan ' Ryans, and so forth.

What makes Irish surnames a matter of wonder and envy to
nations less favoured is the number of them that are of regal origin.
Mr. Matheson's analysis goes far to establish the fact that a moiety of
the population of Ireland are descendants of Kings and Princes. The
Murphys themselves — the name is the anglicised form of M^Murrough —
are of *the old royal family of Leinster;' they are found throughout
Ireland, but are still most common in their ancient seat, Wexford. The
McCarthy's were * anciently Kings and Princes of Desmond;' and more
than half of them are found in County Cork. The MacDermotts were
former Princes of Moylurg and hereditary marshals of Connaught ; and,
accordingly, in Connaught, and especially Roscommon, they do most
abound. So also with the descendants of the O'Mahonys, Princes of
Ivaugh; the O'Ryans, Princes of Idrone; the O'Sullivans, Princes of
Beara ; the O'Tooles, * the celebrated Princes of Imaile,' and a host of
other Milesian chiefs; to-day, in spite of the inroads of Saxons, with
their language and customs, they still occupy largely their hereditary
territories. It is remarkable at the same time to note how many of the
surnames that have reflected glory on Ireland in the fields of literature,
war, and statesmanship are of stranger origin. * Moore ' is one of these ;
there are some 17,700 of Moores scattered all over Ireland, but the
number in the original English home of the name is probably thrice as
great. The Anglo-Norman family of De Burgos took the name of Burke,
and in some cases of MacWilliam and MacPhilip; and the Barrys,
Butlers, Dillons, Lacys, Roches, Purcells, and a crowd besides, are of
Norman descent. The Plunketts are among the surnames in which the
Danish occupation can still be traced; while many families descended
from the Danes and Norwegians have, like the Normans, exchanged their
names for others of Milesian origin. The name of Walsh, which is fourth
on the Irish list of surnames, and is represented in nearly every county,
is among the evidences of Welsh settlement

A more curious instance is the colony, drawn from Wales, but not

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76 The Scottish Antiquary ;

consisting mainly of Welshmen, who since an early date have kept them-
selves apart as a peculiar people, in the baronies of Forth and Bargy,
County Wexford. In their peninsular position, between the Bays of
Bannow and Wexford, and with the aid of their fortified houses, the
remains of fifty-nine of which were still standing in an area of 40,000
acres half a century ago, they were able to resist for centuries Irish
encroachments, and preserve their special customs, dialect, and surnames.
According to a report of a visit paid by Dr. Mitchell, the Inspector of
Registration, in June last, the opening of markets and of railway and
steam routes has made great changes on this once isolated race. A
number of the old surnames, such as Codd, Stafford, Sinnett, Hore, and
Rossiter, are still very common ; but it is only among the most illiterate
that any considerable number of the words of the old dialect — a lineal
descent of the English introduced by the first settlers — are now used.
Corresponding phenomena are those presented by the names and pursuits
of the descendants of the French and Flemish Huguenot families, of
which colonies were formed at Portarlington and other places after 1674 ;
and of the refugees from the Rhine Palatinate, who to the number of
7000 were brought over by Queen Anne in 1709, and settled largely on
lands in County Limerick. To the Huguenots Ireland is indebted for its
linen and cambric manufactures; and Lefevre, Lefanu, and Trench are
among the names with which they have enriched Irish history and literature.
A Huguenot family of Blancs have carried on in Portarlington for some
two centuries, from father to. son, the occupation of butcher, under the
name of *Blongs,' and they have still representatives in the place, who
have returned to the original spelling of the name and practise the
ancestral calling. The * Palatines* in the district around Court Matrix,
BaUngran, and Killiheen, County Limerick, are not yet merged in the
surrounding population. Dr. Mitchell notes, among prevailing names,
*Delmege,* *Lodwig,' *Modlar,' *Reinart,' *Ruttle,' and 'Switzer;' and
the Christian names, Jacob and the like, also indicate their Teutonic
origin. Although the oldest of the present generation know nothing of
the German tongue, the members of this little Protestant colony still
* cling together like the members of a clan, and worship together.' Most
of the * Palatines ' have * a distinctly foreign look, and are strongly built,
swarthy in complexion, dark-haired and dark-eyed.' A still greater con-
trast is afforded by their habits of * thrift and industry,' and by their
homes compared with the surrounding type of dwellings occupied by
the descendants of Milesian Princes. They are *all comfortable in
appearance, some thatched, some slated, some of one story, others of
two : nearly all have a neat little flower-garden, and very many have an
orchard beside, or immediately behind, the house.'

What is true of Ireland holds good of Scotland. Our surnames are
well worth studying. They will tell of Danish and English blood flowing
in Scottish veins, and they will tell as plainly of Flemish blood. Surnames
are usually derived from places ; from trade or handicrafts ; from physical
peculiarities and from paternity, such as Johnson the son of John. We,
however, find a vast number of names which do not come under these
heads, or which coming under one or other of them present peculiarities.
Such names abound in the Lowlands, and save in our old burghs are not
found earlier than the 15th or x6th centuries. Many of these names are

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generally supposed to be strictly Scottish, but in several districts of
England which were 300 years ago centres of the weaving business we
find groups of the same names. This can scarcely be accidental; we
cannot attribute it to a migration between Scotland and England, for
300 years ago no such migration was possible, as we, however, find the
same names in Flanders, and as we have documentary evidence that the
English holders of these names were descended from Flemish settlers
we must conclude that those who bear them in Scotland were of Flemish
origin. It would exceed the limits of this paper to enter into details;
we hope to continue the subject in a future number. I may, however,
state that taking Norfolk, London, and Gloucestershire as old English
weaving districts, I have found groups of names which Scotsmen would
claim as belonging to Scotland, being at the present day common here,
but which are of Flemish origin. Just to show that the materials exist
for proving the prevalence of Flemish blood in Scotland at the present
day, I will mention but a few of the many names common to England,
Flanders, and Scotland : Clink, Cant, Mustard, Wingate, Younger, Justice,
Furlong, Harrower, Cornelius, Adie, Frame, Cousin, Gentleman, Beveridge,
Grote, Emery (or Imrie), Peacock, Enzell, Marriott, Danks, Kemp, Barty,
Blaw (or Blow), Bonar, Luke. I am confident that when lists of names
are compiled, with proof of their Flemish origin, the public will acknow-
ledge that the study of national surnames throws light on the past and
present condition of our country and the national character, and that the
compilation of family pedigrees is as profitable as it should be interesting,
and is not to be regarded as a proof of a snobbish love of titles or of
blue-blooded forbears. A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

617. Holy Wells in Scotland. — Mr. R. C. Hope in his Holy
Wells, their Legends and Traditions has done much towards making a
satisfactory list of Holy Wells in England, arranged according to their
counties. He promises also to continue the subject by describing similar
wells in Scotland and Ireland. Mr. J. M. Mackinlay, in Folklore of Scottish
Lochs and Springs, has drawn the attention of the Archaeological student
in Scotland to a subject which has not been as yet sufficiently attended
to. He has not, however, attempted to give a full list of holy wells and
lochs. The Origines Farochiales commenced in 1844 was unfortunately
never completed. The three volumes issued leave untouched a great and
an interesting portion of the country, but they contain a vast amount of
most valuable information. The work is difficult of access, and is without
an index. I have made a list of holy wells and lochs referred to in it
(giving the pages in brackets). I hope in a future number to collect other
instances from the Statistical Account of Scotland. Ed.

Vol. I.

Glasgow [5].— St. Thenaw's Well, near the Chapel of St. Thenaw (St.

Enoch).
Glasgow [6]. — St. Mungo's Well, near St. Mungo's Chapel.
Kilmaronok [34]. — A well dedicated to St. Maronoch.
Drymen [38].— St. Vildrins' Well, perhaps a corruption of St. Vininus.

The well is still ornamented with an image said to be of its patron

saint ; and in consequence of the healing virtues ascribed to it is often

visited.

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78 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Kilsyth [43]. — St. Mirrin's Well, and another whose corrupt name seems

to point at St. Talarican for its patron.
Daziel [58].— Well of St. Patrick; Our Lady's Well, near Motherwell;

and St. Catherine's Well.
Killallan [81]. — Saint Fillan's Well, to which the country people even

lately used to bring their sickly children.
Houston [83]. — St. Peter's Well, covered with a wall of cut freestone,

arched in a roof.
Houston [84].— St. Bryde's Burn.
Largs [89].— Fillan's Well.

Kilbirnie [92]. — Birnie Well, i,e. Well of St. Brinnan or Brandane.
Neilstown [96]. — Two fine springs near sites of old chapels.
Carluke [116]. — A mineral well near the site of a chapel.
Lanark [120].— St. Peter's Well.
Dunsyre {1291.— St. Bride's Well.
Walston [132J. — A well held in reverence.
Carmichael [151]. — St. Michael's Well.
Douglas [155]. — Chapel Well.

Lamington [173]. — St. Innian's (? Ninian's, Inan's) Well.
Kilbucho [177].— St. Bee's (Begha) Well.
Skiriing [1831.— Lady Well.

Kirkurd [186 J. — A plentiful spring near the church.
West Linton [190].— Paul's Well.
Eddleston [214]. — Beriswell and KynggewoU.
Traquair [219].— St. Bride's Well on the glebe.
Kailzie [224].— Our Lady's Well.
Melrose [286].— Wells of St. Mary, St. William, St. Helen, and St. Dun-

stan.
St. Boswell [294].— Hare Well or St. Boswell's Well.
Bedrule [349].— Lad) 's Well.
Eckford [397]._Holy Well or Priest's Well.
Morebattle [405]. — Laurie's Well. St. Laurence is the patron saint of the

church.

Vol IL— Part 1.

Kilbride [loSl— Tober-an-Easbing— the Bishop's Well.

Kilmore [120]. — Well containing holy fishes.

Glenorchy, Dalmally [i35].-^Well of St. Conan.

Ardchattan [149].— Well of St. Modan.

Lismore [164]. — Well dedicated to St. Patrick at Craikwherreellan. Holy

Well at Ardnacloich.
Kilmorie 1254]. — A well of miraculous fame.
Kilarrow [262J. — A well called Tobir-in-knahar, with miraculous properties,

near a chapel.
Kilcolmkill [324] — At Tobermory is a well dedicated to the Virgin Mary.
Kildonan [335]. — A well dedicated to St. Catherine.
Strath [344]. — Three wells named respectively, Tobar-na-h'-annait, Tobar-

ashig, and Tobar-chliaman. (Refuge crosses of Raasay, p. 347.)
Kilmuir [352]. — A sacred well and wood near Loch Shiant.
Barray [363]. — St. Barr's Well, also (p. 365) a well named Tobbar-nam-

buadh (the Well of Virtues).
Harris [378]. — A well called Tobar-na-h*-Annait.

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St. Kilda. — A number of wells, amongst which are Toubirnimbeauy, or
the Well of Virtue, St. Kilder's Well, the Well of Conirdan, and the
Well of Youth.

Barvas [387].— St. Andrew's Well.

Vol. II.— Part 2.

Applecross [404]. — Loch-na-nuag, or the Holy Ix)ch.

Tain [427]. — St. Mary's Well — a cure for consumption.

Tarbat [434]. — Tobair Mhuir, or Mary's Well.

Logie Easter [468]. — Poll-a-bhaidh (the Pool of Death), used for execu-
tion by drowning.

Alness [473]. — Tobar-na-muire, Mary's Well, possessed of healing virtues.

Kinettes [501]. — Saints' Well and the Well of John the Baptist.

Buddy [538]. — A Well having the virtue of curing sick children.

Avoch [5 42 J. — Hainuck, Charles' Well, Craiguck ; the last frequented on
the morning of the first Sabbath of May.

Cromarty [560]. — St. Bennet's Well ; rags were left on a thorn bush near
the Well : also St. Duthacs Well.

Rosemarkie [582]. — A well known as St. Boniface's Well.

Farr [708! — Lochnaver, esteemed a holy loch.

Loth [732J. — ^Tober Massan, with curative powers.

Dunnet [789]. — Sl John's Loch, with curative qualities.

618. Public Records (viii. 172; ix. 26). — I have perused the article
in the Scottish Antiquary with much, pleasure, and fully concur with what
is stated there as to the courtesy and kindness of the officials in the
Register House. There is, however, no doubt but that printed indices
such as those published by the British Record Society would be a great
boon to many. Would it not be possible to publish, say by way of a
supplement to the Scottish Antiquat}\ an alphabetical index to the testa-
ments in some of the commissariots or some of the other Records ? If
so, the supplements could be bound up separately and would be very
useful. There appears to be increasing interest in Scotland in genea-
logical matters, and the staff in the Register House have their time fully
occupied, but if there were alphabetical indices in print, not only would
the time of the searcher be saved, but the labours of these officials be
reduced. If there is any insuperable difficulty to publishing an index to
any of the series of records preserved in the Register House, might not a
beginning be made with, say, the Registers of some of the Sheriff Courts,
Justiciary Court, or Burghs. H. H.

[We think the Index Library should be encouraged to do for Scotland
what it is doing for England and Ireland. We could not venture on such
a task, the more as the machinery for doing it exists. — £d.]

619. An Old Dunkeld Seal (viii. 170; ix. 33). — I think I have
found out about the seal said to be William Bishop of Dunkeld, from
1312-1337. From the description I thought it must be William of Dun-
blane, 1 284-1 293, described by Henry Laing under No. 928. The seal
is now detached and amongst Chapter House Documents with seals

c I 25, and I think A. H. M. must have been led into the mistake by

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The Scottish Antiquary ;

Mr. Bain in his vol. ii. of Scottish Documents) at the end he gives
some illustrations of Scottish seals, and a list of seals officially catalogued,
and under No. 145 he gives this seal with exactly the same description.
I had the seal out to-day, and find it is dvmblanen and not dvnkelden
as given by Mr. Bain. I think the list I gave of the Dunkeld Seals may
be taken as complete as far as the Record Office goes, though fresh
documents are continually coming to light, I do not think many, if any,
Scottish documents have been missed. Henry A. Rye.

620. Old House in Burntisland (from Evening Dispatch, by kind
permission of the Editor). — A reform is sought to be carried out in
Somerville Street — a street running parallel with the High Street on the

south — and which some time ago was rechristened with the honoured
name of the distinguished lady scientist Mary Somerville. It used to be
called Back Street and Quality Street, for here *the quality* resided in
days of yore, and one of the houses is pointed out as the abode of Mrs.
Somerville herself in her early days. Our illustration (from a photograph
by Mr. A. Young, Burntisland) shows a * bit ' in the street which it is pro-
posed to renovate and widen. The houses shown are fully three centuries
old. Captain Watson of Dunnikier occupied one of them, and in 1693
bequeathed it for behoof of poor widows belonging to the district of the

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or. Northern Notes and Queries, 8 1

names of Watson, Onock, or Boswell. The Watson Mortification, as the
gift is now called, is administered by the Magistrates and Town Council,
who propose to replace the decaying house by a modern tenement, Captain
Watson having generously accompanied his gift by conveying lands
sufficient to endow it. His memory is not only kept green by the
benefaction, but also by a grand old stone in the churchyard, finely
designed and carved, and which, like the house, has withstood the wear
and tear of three centuries. On the door lintel of the old house is the
curious inscription : —

O. LORD. THOU. ME. DEFEND. FROM.
SUBTIL. SORTS. OF. THOSE. THAT.
FRIENDSHIP. ME. PRETENDS. AND.
ARE. MY. MORTAL. FOES.

And on the house adjoining the words are equally quaint : —

BLIS BE GOD

FOR ALL HIS

VAEGIS.

621. Seal of James I. — I wish to call attention to a seal of James i.
of Scotland that up to the present time has escaped notice. I came upon
it while going through the Scottish Regal Seals at the Record Office,
Fetter Lane, London, and so struck was I with the resemblance to the
seal of James v. that I thought I must have come upon another seal
attached to the wrong document when the document had been repaired, of
which there are one or two examples at the Record Office, one James in.
to document of James i. and one of James iv. to document of James 11.
I had the document out again, and found that it was an undoubtedly
fresh seal of James i. upon a tag cut out of the body of the document,
and not as those that I mentioned before that had been transposed,
attached by a tag threaded through the parchment.

I next examined into the nature of the document to see if it might be
a forgery, but found it was not worth forging, and it was certainly not a
document that would be resealed in the reign of James v., the document
being Letters Patent by James King of Scots to William Scott, Master of
Arts, empowering him to deliver his letters, confirming the late treaty
between his ambassadors and those of England to the Bishop of Durham,
Chancellor, or in his absence to the Prior of Durham, receiving similar
letters in return from the King of England. Melrose, April sth, 1424.
[Chapter House (Scots Documents), Box 102, No. 12.] It is given in
Jujedera, x. p. 343. The document much stained and decayed, the seal of
white wax.

I have carefully compared the two seals and can find no difference
between the seal in question and that of James v. The seal of James v.
is precisely the same design as those of the preceding James, but of much
inferior execution, the chief distinguishing marks being : Olru. the lions on
each side of the king's feet and the annulets are omitted, and the figure
leaning over the battlements close to the king's head are three-quarter
length instead of half-length, and a ►{< at the beginning of legend. On
the I^ev. all the distinguishing marks of annulets, crown, fleur-de-lis, and
trefoil have been omitted, and, but for the inferior execution of the seal

VOL. IX. — NO. XXXIV. F

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82 The Scottish Antiquary ;

and a ►^[^ at the beginning of the legend, it in all points resembles the
seal usually known as James i.

The marks of distinction are so very small in the seals of the five
Jameses that I have known persons that have had them through their hands
for years, yet have said to me that there was no difference. I think
I may mention the points of difference with profit : —

James i. same design as first seal of Robert in., the Obv, having a
mullet over the sinister pinnacle of canopy over king's head, and a lion
sejant affronU on each side of the feet of the king, the legend being
altered from Roberti mio Jacobus, The RetK^ the figure of the king not
being so upright in the saddle, and the alteration of the legend.

James ii. same as James i., Obv.^ with the addition of two annulets
above pinnacles of canopy, and two annulets between lions and king's feet.
Rev,y two annulets, one over horse's neck and one under, and two
annulets on the lower part of the hind caparisons. Also a small crown
above bend of the king's right arm.

James in., Obv..^ same as James ii. -^«/., same, with the addition of
a ^mdM fleur-dc-iis at fetlock of off forefoot of hare.

James iv., Obv,,, same as James if. and in. Rev,^ same as James in.,
with the annulet under the horse's neck replaced with a trefoil.

James v., Obv.^ execution much inferior, mullet and annulets
removed from canopy, lions, and annulets from feet of king, and a ►J^
before the legend. Rev, much inferior in execution, body of king much
more upright, and a >^ before the legend.

The only solution that I can give to the two seals being identical is
that the seal was engraved for James i. (note date of document, 1424,
first part of his reign 1406- 1436). Unfortunately my other cast of
second seal of James i. is from a detached seal, and so undated. Laing's
example of second seal is dated 1436. For some reason a second seal was
engraved, and the first matrix put to one side, not destroyed, and that
James v., being of a saving disposition, found this matrix and used it as
his seal ; but then against this there is the inferior workmanship, which
may denote later work. Some authorities have held that there was only
one matrix for the whole of the five Jameses. This certainly might be for
James i. to iv. and the slight variations added, but certainly James v.
either had a new matrix or used the first matrix of James i.

I have tried to find if there was an early seal before 1424 of James i.
at the General Register House, Edinburgh, but am informed there is not.
I should be glad if any readers that have access to documents bearing an
early seal of James i. would compare and let me know the dates.

Henry A. Rye.

622. Royal Arms of Scotland. — The existence of the Act of Parlia-
ment printed below is not generally known. I have failed to discover any
reason for the enactment of it or any indication that it took effect.

A.D. 147J, Feb. 20. * Alsua the samyn day the king with avise of the
thre estates ordanit that in tyme to cum thare suld be na double tresor
about his armys, but that he suld bere hale armis of the lyon w'out ony
mar.'

Oliver Vredius in his Genealogia Comitum Ftandria gives (vol. i. p.
156) amongst other national arms: * Escosse Ancienne — D'or, au Lion
de guelles, lampasse, et arm^ da azur ' ; exemplified by a shield engraved,

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plate 15,'* AleJcander deo rectorerex Scotorum/ the king in chain armour
on horseback bears a shield with the lion without tlie tressure, but on
the housings of the charger is a single tressure within a bordure of small
crosses. Ed.

623. Kirk Session Records. — Some extracts from the Kirk Session
Records of Camock, Fifeshire, are given as likely to prove interesting : —

1647. Oct. 3. Thomas Morres was ordained to make his repentance
befor the sessione for refusing to sing psalmes in the
congregatione, and did accordingly, and promised that
he should not so sleight the publick ordinances of
God's worship in tyme to come.

1649. Mar. II. It was thoght fit and ordainit that the collection for the

poore hereafter be gathered at the kirk porch and not
in the tyme of psalmes, quhile our hearts and affections
sould be elevat and set upon heavenlie and spirituall
things.

„ May 6. The minister after sermon read ane act of the Presbyterie
inhibiting and forbidding persons to resort to w.ells for
thair healths.

„ May 25. This day the thansgiving was solemnlie keipit and
observit the whole day by a totall desisting from all
manner of ordinar wark, the people giving themselfes
to the magnefeing and praising of the ever glorious
Lord for his manifold deliverances, and in particular,
for thie present obteinit over the rebells in the northe.

„ June 3. The same day compeirit Agnes Fluckart, being laufuUie
cited and warned, for not keiping the Lord's Sabbath
holie according to his own commandment, but in time
of divine service was careing ane can full of water from
the well, and confessed her break of the Lord's day,
and acknowledged her heartie griefe and sorrow for
the same. Thairfore the minister and elders injoynd
her to crave God's pardon upon her knees in presence
of the session for her offence committed, qlk she
willinglie obeyit, leaving to proceid any further against
her, being her first fault and seeing evident signes and
tokens of her true and unfeigned repentance.

1650. Dec. 22. Andrew Andersone made his public repentance for

careing a load to the mill upon the last Sabbath.
Likewise James Stirke made his public repentance
for hanging a dog upon the Sabbathe.

1652. April 12. The kirk session, considering the profanitie of some
persons who efter sermon stands at the Thorne dis-
coursing and clattering, doe y'fore ordaine y' the act
made y'anent be revived.

1654. Jan. 8. The kirk session (heiring of a filthie song vented through
the paroche by robert hague, qlk may occasion much
strife and contention among the people, every one
having something in it that concerned y"*), did
sumond him to this day, but cSpeired not, y'for was
to be sumond againe.

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84 The Scottish Antiquaty

1654. Jan. 29. robert hague being caled, c5peired, and being chalenged
why he did not obey the kirk session, and cGpeired
not y" he was somoned, he told he knew not y* it was
ane offence so to disobey y", and eftir a rebuke given
him, he was demandit if he made y' filthy rym and
sonnet, he answered y* indeed he was the first author
and inventer of them, but w*al he said y' wer some
others y' had a hand in the same, as James Lamb and
ro* bruce, q"'w* the session wer to ask the Presbytries
judgment, because such a businesse seldom or never
did fall out in our paroche.

„ Feb. 9. The minister shewy' the Presbytrie did desire ro* hague
to go before them.

„ April 23. The minister did publiclie intimat to the people y' they
leave off y' discoursing at the Kirk doore betueen the
bells, and attend the repeating of the catechisme.

624. Sir Franc van Halen, K.G. (vol. iii. p. 89). — I have
already exposed the spurious pedigree prepared by Vincent for the family
of Hall of Northhall (printed in Visitation of Shropshire^ Harl. Soc.
1889), and I have shown the true ancestry of the Brabant hero.

Before proceeding to discuss his descendants, I will give a few par-
ticulars gathered from the notes in Baron Kervyn de Lettenhove^s
magnificent edition of Froissarfs Chronicles^ kindly sent me by Baron de
Linden.

Vol. xxi. pp. 488-498, contains many notes too long to print here,
amongst them are the following : —

* The alliances of the Mirabels were with the most illustrious families

of Flanders.*

* The Mirabels were allied by marriage to the Arteveldes.'

*Sir Franc de Mirabel dit van Halen was created, 20th June 1349,

Seneschal of Aquitaine.'
*Sir Franc was at a tournament at Windsor, 23rd April 1358.'

* Franc van Halen, a grandson of our hero, was falconer of Philip

the Good, Duke of Burgundy/

The Baron is of opinion that the arms borne by Sir Franc were
granted him by King Edward in. ' and are to be attributed to the grati-
tude of the King of England for his illustrious and loyal services,'
but, as already stated, the same arms were borne by the family of
Mirabel in Italy.

Vol. xxii. pp. 206-207, contains, inter alia^ the following note: —
* The tomb of Sir Franc van Halen was constructed at the expence of the
town of Malines. Commenced in 1391, it was not completed till 1415.
It was the work of the celebrated Malines sculptor, Jean Kelderman. An
engraving of it is found in Thtatre sacrh de Brabant^ i. p. 48, showing
its magnificence. During national tumults in 18 10 the monument was
partially destroyed. Some of the fragments were collected by the Comte
de Beauffort, and placed in the galleries of the Chateau de Bouchout.
At the same time the grave where the knight of the garter reposed was
opened. The body was entire, it measured five feet three inches (" cinq
pieds trois pouces "). The coffin of his wife Marie de Ghistelles contained
a silk robe with the remains of ribbons.*

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oVy Northern Notes and Queries.

(PIRHBGLLO*

I now give the pedigree of a branch of the family founded by him, .
which made its home in England in the 17th century. The proofs of the
family descent in Brabant are contained in more than 300 official extracts
from the State Archives of Malines,
while English Parish Registers, wills,
family records, and memoranda, to-
gether with documents in the Record
Office and British Museum, London,
prove the descent of the family
in England. It has taken many
years to compile a regularly proved
pedigree. But the work has now
been satisfactorily accomplished, and
I have been enabled to matricu-
late, with a proper difference, the
family arms recorded in the Maline
Archives as having been borne by
Sir Andrew van Halen, the son of
Sir Franc. There is no reason to
doubt that they were inherited from
the family in Lombardy.^ But the
earlier archives do not state this,
and the heraldic adornments on the
tomb of Sir Franc van Halen have
long been defaced. The Lyon King
has placed a mallet az, on the shoulder
of the lion as a difference, as the
English is not the senior branch of
the van Halen family.

As many of the Hallen family in England were * panmakers ' by trade,
I give an abridgment of a paper which I contributed to Watford's Anti-
quariariy in September 1887.

Little notice has been bestowed on the manufacture of the humble
but serviceable vessels which are frequently mentioned in old Scottish
and English wills, and which were evidently highly prized, viz., brass
pots or pans used for culinary purposes. The history of their manu-
facture has been overlooked. It seems certain that in the days of the
Roman occupation of Britain pan-making was carried on, but after their

^ * The ruined Castle of Mirabelle, the home of the ancestors of the Counts of Mirabelle
and of the Brabant family of Mirabel, is situated on a hillside near Chiusa, a town a
few miles from the Certosa (Val de Pesio).

Besides the antiquities which have been found here at various times, may be read
on the masonry of the ruined castle the following inscription : —

Adriano Pig Felici swig . . .

AVGVSTO . . .

. . . OMNIVM Metro . . .

viAM . . . Emiliam

Restitverit

M. AvRELivs Valeri Procvrator Alpivm

Maritimarvm et . . .

The castle is a striking and picturesque object, and doubtless served as a defence
against the Moors, who, towards A. D. 860, devastated all this part, especially the Valley
of the Pesio. There are many accounts of fierce combats, and amongst the peasants
may still be seen traces of Saracen blood.* — Letter from Italy.

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86 The Scottish Antiquary ;

departure it became a lost industry. In the fourteenth century it was
certainly unknown > on the East Coast, bell-founders, who had settled in
England, occasionally cast a few pots of bell-metal, but they never
claimed to be pan-makers. No record exists of their manufacture in
Scotland prior to the eighteenth century. Brass pots and pans are usually
described as from Flanders; had they been made in any quantity in
Scotland or England, guilds of pan-makers would have necessarily existed,
but no trace of such can be found. Yet these vessels were in use in
every household, though in some humble homes the sole cooking utensil
may have been * a square kettle of copar,' such as is mentioned in the
inventory of church goods at Dursley, Gloucestershire, in 1566, and per-
haps of local manufacture. The more our domestic life is studied the
more evident does it become that the long wars in which the nation was
engaged stunted the growth of old, and stopped the introduction of new,
industries. No handicraft could be carried on without the existence of a
special trade guild, whose interest it was to keep up prices. Merchants
from Flanders met with much opposition in their endeavour to supply the
fast-growing population with articles of use or luxury ; and, though they
obtained a charter and certain privileges, yet the company of * Merchant
Strangers ' was forbidden to import goods that were made in England : of
such goods most exhaustive lists are to be met with, from which exact
information can be acquired of the extent of our native industries, and
they afford us full proof that brass pan-making was not then carried on
in Britain.

The earliest information we possess shows that in the year 1584 a
lease of works at Isleworth was granted to John Brode, a citizen and
goldsmith of London {HarL MSS, 570); here plates of brass were made.
* They make also kyttles ' ; these kettles were not cast, but were beaten
out by heavy hammers (Norden's Descrip, of Essex^ pref. p. xiii.). In
1605, Brode complained bitterly of his losses, stating that he was 'the
first man that, here in England commixed copper and callamyne and
brought it to perfection, namely to abide the hammer and to be beaten
into plates and raised into kettles and pans by hammers driven by water
. . . has had eight years practice . . . has forfeited his lease and stock in
trade ... a Company having started who employ Strangers' (Fourth
Rep, Hist MSS, Com., p. 117). In 1634-5 some Englishmen, unnamed,
made a proposal for the ' Establishment of a manufacture of brass and
copper ware in England. Pans and copper ware to the value of about
;^4o,ooo annually were imported' {Dom. Ser, Stat. Pap.),

Nothing more is known of this project, but both their statement and
Brode's clearly show that metal pans were then known to be of foreign,
and not of English manufacture. We must note that these later pro-
jectors very prudently made no allusion to the company of strangers
which had aroused John Brode's ire. There were, indeed, in 1634, two
companies in existence, one for making brass plates, at Tintern, in Mon-
mouthshire, of which a full account will be found in Moses Stringer's
Op, Min, Explic,^ ^l^Z* The other was at Wandsworth, Surrey. Of this
last little is known, save that Aubrey, in his History of Surrey, refers to
it as being carried on by Dutchmen, who kept the process by which they
made brass and iron pots and pans a secret. I have taken some trouble
to trace the history of a business which was for five generations confined
to one family. This being the case, I will endeavour to show how pan-

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OTy Northern Notes and Queries. 87

making travelled from Mechlin, in Brabant, to Wandsworth, in Surrey,
and from Wandsworth to its present head-quarters in the * Black Country '
in the West of England.

The church registers of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, contain
an unusually long entry, dated May i, 1654, of the marriage of John
Hallen,^ son of William Hallen, deceased; he being under age, con-
sent had to be obtained from his grandfather Cornelius and his uncle
CorneHus Hallen. By this marriage John Hallen had a large family,
and was buried at Newcastle-under-Lyme, in 1689, being designated
' Pan-maker.' Dr. Plott visited his works, and has left a long account
of them in his History of Staffordshire ; in it he states that the only other
master pan-maker was at Wandsworth ; this agrees with Aubrey's account,
while the close family tie that existed is shown by an entry in the Wands-
worth registers : * 1653. April 3. Baptized Cornelius son of William
Hallen.' This Cornelius was a brother of John, of Newcastle. In the
churchwardens accounts at Wandsworth, an entry dated 161 1 shows that

* Mr. Holyne ' paid a high rent for property which is still known as the
Pan-works. These works must have been of importance, for Aubrey, in
his small map of the County of Surrey, honours them with a place ; they
came to an end, I believe, soon after 1670.

It is by no means certain that Cornelius Hallen, Senior, was the only
man of the name in this Flemish company. I think it probable that he
had several relatives in it. In the year 16 10 Cornelius van Halen joined
the Dutch congregation, worshipping in the church of the Austin Friars ;
his name is also found in various exemptions from subsidies, and in 1618
he was enrolled in the Official List of Strangers of the Parish of St. Olave,
Southwark ; Cornelius van Halen was born at Mechlin, in a house near the
Panworks, in the year 1582. There is no evidence that he belonged to
the Guild of Pan-makers, but the records of the guild are lost. It was
one of great importance, and existed as early as the thirteenth century.
The utensils made by its members were known as * Mechlin pans,' or

* kettles,' and were, doubtless, such as were sent in great quantities from
Antwerp to Scotland, as well as to England. One large maslin pan,
long preserved at Glastonbury, bore the Mechlin maker's name on it.
Cornelius Hallen, Junior, mentioned in the entry in the Newcastle registers
already referred to, settled at Coalbrookdale about 1642, but removed to
Stourbridge, where he was buried in 1682; his will is at Worcester.'
The descendants of his eldest son, William Hallen, were, for three
generations, pan-makers at Stourbridge; the descendants of his second
son, Cornelius Hallen, were, for three generations, pan-makers at Coal-
brookdale ; while his third son, John Hallen, was a pan -maker at
Birmingham, and was succeeded in the business by his son David. They
were, for very many years, the only pan-makers in the West of England,
or, as far as I have discovered, in any part of England, and the desig-
nation ' pan-maker ' ^as, until the end of the eighteenth century, peculiar
to them or their workmen. They were employed in making brass vessels,
which were, till within the last few years, well known in the district as

* Maslin pans,' ue, Mechlin pans. A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

^ The names in this Register are written Holland, which was a form which the name
Hallen frequently took in old registers, for as Halen and Hallen were pronounced
Hollan, so parish clerks wrote it Holland. Cornelius and his descendants always
wrote their name Hallen.

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or, Norl/urn Notes and Queries, 91

625.. Parish Registers in Scotland (vols. L and ii. (comb.) 89, 130,
172; vol. iii. 57, 142; vol. viii. 175). — ^The present lists complete the
names of all parishes possessing Registers down to 1725. Dates of first
entries 1 701-1725.

The parishes with an asterisk prefixed should have been inserted in
earlier lists.

Abbey St. Bathans, . . . b, 1715, m, 1720, d, 1755.

Aberlemno, . . . b, 1706, w. 1707, d. 1706.

Aberlour, b, 1708, tn, 1708, d, 1709.

Alford, b. I'li'i^i m, 1717, d. None,

Alvah, . . • . . ^.1718, «r. 1720, d. None,

Alvie, b, 1713, m. 1713, d. None,

Ancrum, b, 1703, m, 1712, d, ijig.

Annan, b, ijo^, m, 1764, d. None.

Ardersier, . ,. ^. 1719, w. 1740, d. None,

Auchtertooly . . ^. 1708, m. 1708, d. None,

Banchory, Devenick, . . ^.1713, m. 1716, d. None.

Barony, b, 1704, m, 1704, d, 17 10.

Bellie, b, 1709, m, 1729, d, 1791.

Birnie, ^.1712, «. 1715, ^.1722.

Blair- Athole and Strowan, . . ^.1718, w. 1733, d. None,

♦Borthwick, b, 1706, m, 1700, d, 1784.

Bothkennar, . . ^. 1723, m. 1728, d, 1724.

Bourtie, b, 1709, m, 1709, d. None,

Buncle and Preston, . . ^.1704, m. 1704, d. None,

Cabrach, b, 1711, m, 1722, d, 1784.

Callander, ^.1710, mi 17 10, d. None,

Canisbay, b, ijoj, w. 1706, d. None,

Careston, b, 1714, m, 1773, ^- i773-

Carnwath, b, 1709, m, 1705, d, 1705.

♦Cathcart, b, 1701, m. 1690, d, 1746.

Cawdor, ^.1719, m. 1719, d. None,

Clunie, b, 1702, m, 1702, d. 1729.

Collace, ^-1713, w. 1720, d. 1739.

Coylton, b, 1723, m. 1723, d, 1783.

Crailing, b, 1708, w. 1708, ^. 1743.

Crathie and Braemar, . . . ^. 1717, m, 1737, ^. 1789.

Croy and Dalcross, . . . ^.1719, w. 1813, d. None,

Cruden, b. 1707, m, 1707, d. 1707.

*Culter, b, 1700, w. 1700, d, 1700.

Dalton, b, 1723, wi. 1766, ^. 1766.

Daviot, b, 1723, m, 1783, ^. iV<?w.

♦Dollar, b, 1701, w. 1700, d, 1770.

Dolphington, . . . . ^. 1717, w. 1717, d. None,

Dowally, b, 1705, w. 1746, d, 1750.

Dnimblade, . . . . b, 1702, w. 1745, d, 1783.

Dull, ^. 1703, w. 1740, d. None,

Dunipace ... . b, 1708, m, 1709, ^. 1766.

♦Dunlop, b, 1701, m, 1700, ^. 1783.

Durris, ^.1716, «r. 1761, d, 1783.

Ecclesmachen, . . . . b, 1717, m, 1794, ^. 1792.

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Eddlestone,

. /;. I

712,

m, 1 7 14,

^. 1714.

Edinkillie, .

. /;. I

702,

m. 1702,

^. 1783.

Edrom,

. b. I

721,

m, 1783,

d. 1783.

Erskine,

. b. I

705.

m. 1705,

^. iVb«^.

Evie and Kendall,

. b, I

725.

m, 1725,

d, i8i6.

♦Ewes,.

. b, I

700,

m. 1702.

^. 1717.

Eymouth, .

. b. I

710,

tn. 1 7 10,

^. 1732.

Forteviot, .

. /;. I

710,

m, 1 7 10,

d. 172 1.

Fowlis Easter

. b, I

701.

m. 1701,

</. 1701.

Galashiels, .

. b. I

714,

m, 1726,

d. 1715.

Gamrie,

. b, I

701,

m, 1787,

^. 1789.

Gartly,

. b, I

709*

m, 1716,

^- 1775-

Garvock,

. b, I

703*

m, 1 7 19,

d. 1732.

*Glasserton, .

. b, I

700,

m, 1700,

^. -A^//^.

Glenbervie,

. b. I

721,

w. 1747,

d. None,

Glenbucket,

. b, I

719*

m. 1817,

d 1738.

Glendevon, .

'. /;. I

710,

w. 171 1,

//. None.

Glenisla,

. b. I

719*

w. 1719,

d. 1748.

Houston and Killellan,

. b. I

720,

m. 1720,

^. iV(7/f^.

♦Hutton, . . . .

. b, I

700,

w. 1702,

d. 1702.

Inchinnan, .

. b, I

722,

tn. 1722,

//. 1783.

Inverarity (and Methy),

. b, I

710,

w. 1 7 10,

</. 1716.

Inverkeillor,

. b. I

717,

»*. i775»

d. None,

Inverkeithny,

. b, I

721,

m, 1 72 1,

d, 1726.

Jura, etc., .

. b. I

704,

«. 1796,

d. None,

Keir, ....

. b. I

722,

m, 1721,

d, 1722.

Kelton, . . . .

. L I

717,

»i. 1717,

</. None,

Kilbride, .

. b, I

723»

w. 1723,

d. None,

Kildalton, .

. b. I

723,

tn. 1723,

d None,

Kilmany

. b, I

706,

»i. 1706,

d- 1735-

♦Kilmalcolm,

. b, I

710,

w. 1695,

d, 1817.

Kilmory, .

. b, 1

701,

w. 1785,

^. None,

Kiltarlity, . . . .

. b, I

714,

w. 181 2,

d. None,

Kilteara,

. b. I

702,

w. 1708,

d. None.

Kincardine O'Neil, .

. L I

706,

w. 1706,

d, 1712.

King Edward

. b. I

701,

w. 1783,

d. None,

Kingussie and Insh, .

. b. I

724,

w. 1724,

d, 1783.

Kintore,

. b, I

717,

///. 1 7 18,

d, 1765.

♦Kippen,

. b. I

700,

m, 1700,

^. A^^«^.

Kirkbean, .

. b. I

714,

w. 1 7 14,

d, 1714.

Kirkgunzeon,

. b, I

702,

m, 181 2,

//. iV^«^.

Kirkmabreck,

. b. I

703,

»/. A'i?/?^,

^. None,

Kirkmahoe,

. b, I

720,

w. 1725,

d, 1800.

♦Kirkmaiden,

. b, I

716,

m, 1699,

^. 1716.

Kirkmichael,

. b, I

725,

»/. 1726,

d. None,

Kirktown, .

. b, I

7071

m. 1707,

d. None,

Kirkurd, * .

. b. I

705,

w. 1705,

d, 1718.

Kirriemuir,

. b, I

716,

w. None^

d. None,

Largs,

. b. I

723,

m, 1723,

d. 1723.

I^urencekirk,

. b, I

702,

w. 1702,

d, 1703.

Lecroft,

, b.i
' be continuci

72.0,

m, 1723,

^. 1728.

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OTy Northern Notes and Queries. 93

QUERIES.

CCLXXXIV. John, Eleventh Earl of Mar. — Can any reader of the
Scottish Antiquary inform me what are the best books (English
or French) to consult about this Earl ? I have probed the usual
sources of information and find a surprising dearth of detail. I am
about to publish a defence of the Earl, but find my efibrts greatly
hampered by the scantiness of the literature on his subject.
The period from 17 15 to 1732 (the date of his death) is the most
meagre, while at the same time it is the most interesting.

Stuart Erskine.

CCLXXXV. CuTHBERT OF INVERNESS. — Information is desired concerning
the issue of Jean Cuthbert (daughter of David Cuthbert, Writer,
Inverness), who married {circa 1695) Thomas Forbes (3rd son of
John Forbes of Culloden), and lived * in Rait' Was Cuth-
bert of Tillery, near Culloden, who married a sister of Sir John
Gordon, ist Bart, of Park, David Cuthbert ? * Absque Metu.'

CCLXXXVI. Campbell of Greenyards. — Who was Daniel Campbell of
Greenyards, and where can I find information concerning his
family ? His younger daughter, Doriel, married (circa 1 740) Sir
Jas. Hay, Bart, of Hayston. * Absque Metu '

REPLIES TO QUERIES.

XCI. Bennet Family (iii. 59, 112, 159; iv. 188; vi. 140, 189; vii. 44;
viii. 44). — J. M'G. has very kindly sent us copies of two scroll
genealogies he has met with. As they extend the pedigree
already printed, we think it best to embody all three in one
table, as likely to be less confusing to our readers. We would
add here a few names for which there is not room in the tabular
pedigree.

1. Adam Bennet of Wester Grange and Bennet, his

wife, had also a daughter, Janet, who married Mark
Pringle of Clifton about 14th August 1616.

2. Robert Bennet and Janet Colville, his wife, had a daughter

Jean, who died 1708, aged 62.

3. Mr. William Bennet of Grubet and Margaret Eliot, his

wife, had also a daughter, Elizabeth, married either to Sir
John Scot of Ancrum or to Henry, son of Sir James
Stewart of Kirkfield.

4. Sir William Bennet and Christian Morrison, his wife, had

two daughters : (a) Jean, died 1710, having married, 1688,
William Nisbet of Dirletoh ; and {B) Christian, married
Charles Stuart of Dunearn.

5. Andrew Bennet of Chesters a,nd Ann Turnbull, his second

wife, had three daughters : \d) Helen, married Archibald

Douglas of Timperdean ; (b) Isobel, married Archibald

Hope, Convener of Excise ; and (c) Agnes.

We think it probable that William Bennet, ancestor of the

Bennets in Sweden, was son of Philip Bennet and Janet

Turnbull, and younger brother of Mungo. Ed.

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33-3

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oTy Northern Notes and Queries. 95

CCXLI. Maitland. — In the Scottish Antiquary (vol viii., p. 43) I asked
for information concerning the parentage of my ancestors, Robert
Maitland, Lt.-Govr. of the Bass Rock, and Richard Maitland,
Col. in Scots Guards.

Carrick Pursuivant contributed to the Scottish Antiquary for
October 1893 (vol. viii. 91), (i) a pedigree of Robert Maitland
so far as he was able to ascertain his descendants, and of Col.
Richard Maitland in the same manner, but he was unable to
trace the relationship of Richard to Robert, or to elucidate the
parentage of Robert Maitland. Some months ago I came acci-
dently upon the last surviving grandson of Pelham Maitland of
Belmont, near Edinburgh, who informed me that his aunts
(daughters of Pelham Maitland, who took a very great and
intelligent interest in our family history) had repeatedly told him
when a youth that their father was not strictly speaking of the
Lauderdale line but descended from the Maitland of Lethington
of the time of Queen Mary.

Douglas, however, making James, only son of Wm. Maitland,
to die s,p,y I was still as far from attaining my point as ever, but
on looking over Sir John Lauder of FountainhalVs Historical
Observes, page 75, reprinted by the Bannatyne Club, I found the
subjoined statement,^ which would remove the difficulty so far
as to prove that James left issue, and if so there is nothing more
probable than that the Duke should provide for so near a
relation as a son of James Maitland either in his own household
or by appointing him to some post which was at his disposal.
Hence I think we shall discover Robert Maitland of the Bass to
have been son or grandson of James Maitland. In an old
pedigree of the Gimmersmills family our Robert is called ' cousin
to the Duke,* and our descent traced from Wm. Maitland of
Lethington.

I may add that in Mr. John Lamont's diary (Bann. Club),
1649, Ju^y S^y there is mention of a ' Patrik Maitland ' who was
entrusted with important communications from the Laird of
Lundie to the Earl of Lauderdale then in Holland, and who on
his return was appointed * Chamberlain to the Earl of Lauderdale
in Lowthian.* This person may however have been son of James
and father to Robert Maitland of the Bass and Alexander Mait-
land of Gimmersmills. I am much inclined to believe this is
correct. Can any of your readers help me in elucidating these
points as yet unproven ?

* Leidington was not honestly purchased, for it belonged of
right to the grandchildren of William Maitland, his granduncle,
and secretary to Queen Mary, and who lived at Rowan in France,
and to whom the Duke of Lauderdale paid a small yearly pension.
(See this and sundry other things of the names of Maitland and
Hamilton in a 4to MSS. marked pag ,

from the Duke of Roan's testimony and Spanhemius).'

^ ' 1682. But all persons cryes shame upon him for ruining the memory and standing
of his family by giving away Dudiston, etc , in property to his Dutchesse and Leidington
to his son Huntingtour (thought by some to be his owne).*

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96 The Scottish Antiquary.

The numbers are not inserted in the reprint but left blank as
above. Is the MSS. in the Advocates' Library?

Next — as to Richard Maitland — on the back of his portrait
in possession of Sir A. D. Grierson (Elizabeth, daughter of
Colonel Richard Maitland having married Sir Gilbert Grierson
of Lag, Bart.), it is stated that he was * Governor of the Bass Rock '
(and this is also named in a paper which can be traced to the
said Elizabeth). Charles Maitland (son of Robert), however, was
Governor, but in the Melville papers (Bannatyne Club) are the
following statements, from which I think it is clear that Richard
was the brother to Charles, the Governor therein named ; the
title of * Governor ' being very loosely used at that time for any
one in command,

I should be indeed happy could the papers be traced referred
to in Hamilton's letter to Lord Melville. If the documents are
preserved, doubtless the name of the Governor's brother is in
them, and this would settle definitely my long search on this point.

May I ask the kind and generous aid of any of your readers
as to where the documents may be and how they may be seen ?

Page 69 : Sir John Dalrymple to Lord Melville, 20th June 1689 :

* Ther was an offer made to me that in caice the Governour of
the Bass and his brother were indemnified for life and fortun he
wold delivir up the fort. This I did communicat to the Com-
missioner, and the Council did resolve only to give the Governor
his life but not his fortun which is very inconsiderable, and wold
not indemnify his brother for corresponding.*

Page 574 : The Privy Council to Lord Melville, 29th August
1690:

* My Lord, by order of Council I am appointed to acquaint
yow that the inclosed are a copie of a letter to his Majesty, and
copies of the papers presented to this Board by the Earl of Kintore
and Sir Thomas Livingstoun mentioned in the said letter with
the account of the Bass under the Governor's hand^ all which are
contained in the other enclosed pacquet direct to the Master of
Stair to be communicat to his Majesty, which your Lo. is desyred
to hasten forward with all expedition. Edinburgh, 29th Aug*
1690. Hamilton P, J. T. M.

CCLXIV. (p). — No reply having been given to the inquiry by Mr.
Rowland St. Clair in the issue of April last (No. 32), I may
explain for that gentleman's information, that the reference, in
the Introduction to the Translation of the Orkneyinga Saga^ to
another edition of the Saga, which is stated to have been *long
in progress,' is to a translation by Sir George Webbe Dasent,
made thirty years ago or more, but which, for reasons not
readily understood, has not yet seen the light The existing
translation, which I issued in 1873 in conjunction with my
friends Dr. Joseph Anderson and Mr. J(5n. A. Hjaltalin, has
for some time been out of print, and another version could not
but be welcomed by scholars and persons interested in the
history of Orkney and Shetland and of the north of Scotland
generally. Gilbert Goudie.

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Vol. I. {now ready for binding). Contents : —

Transcript (597 pages). I. Marriages, 1558-1753 (^ i»350
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3. Burials, 1558- 1628 {19,000 entries).

Index (225 pages of 3 columns small type).

Vol. II. {now ready for binding). Contents : —

Transcript (632 pages). Burials 1629-1752 (63,190

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The Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes and Queries

CONTENTS.

Notes.

PACK

626. The Covenanters in Kinross-shire, 97

637. The Gray Bequest. loa

6a8. Huguenot Cross. . .105

609. Dame Erskine's Account-Book. . 105

630. Peculiar Christian Names. . . 109

631. A Foreigner in Scotland, 1672, . 112
652. Old Cross at Minnigaff, . . 1x3

633. AScottish King's Wedding Banquet, 113

634. Public Records. . . .118

635. Birth Brieve of Mr. David Naime, 118

636. The Scots in Holland. ... 124

637. Royal Arms of Scotland, . . 127

638. Parish Registers in Scotland, . 127 i

639. 'Marengo,' 131

640. Palaeolithic Man in Scotland, 131

PACK

138
139
140

641. Mottoes in Old Registers,

642. Alexander Nisbet, the Herald,

643. Old Edinburgh Registers, .

Queries.

CCLXXXVn. Leslie, .
CCLXXXVni. Statues at Alloa.
CCLXXXIX. Chap-Books— Chat-Books. 143

142
142

Replies.

CCLXIV. {a) 4. De Coucy. .

., (^) 3. Earls of Stratherne,
CCLXVI. 3. Laws of Pittilloch. .
CCLXXL Forbes— Bruce, .

Notices of Books,

143
143
144
144

144

Note. — The Editor does not hold himself responsible for the opinions

or statements of Contributors,

All Communications to be sent to the Editor of* The Scottish Antiquary,'

The Parsonage, Alloa.

626. The Covenanters IN Kinross-shire, 1669-1688. — The following
interesting document is to be found among the Wodrow mss. preserved in
the Advocates' Library, Edinburgh. Though occasionally referred to by a
few authorities, it has not, so far as is known, ever been printed. It con-
sists of nine folio pages, and is written in a very clear legible hand. It is
undated, but was probably drawn up about the beginning of last century,
while many of the persons mentioned in it were still alive, for it bears the
signatures of eight of these, with their respective ages. What gives it
further value and interest, however, is the fact that it has attached to it an
attestation to its veracity and trustworthiness, in the handwriting of the
celebrated Rev. Ebenezer Erskine, then minister of Portmoak, signed by
himself and other three ministers of the Presbytery of Kinross. The
document has been transcribed with a view to a short monograph on the
Covenanters in Clackmannan and Kinross which the subscriber has in
hand. Any information on this subject, and especially any details about

VOL. IX. — NO. XXXV. G

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98 The Scottish Antiquary ;

the persons mentioned, which can be supplied by readers of the Scottish
Antiquary^ will be gratefully received. Robert Paul,

Dollar. ,

An account of the sufferings of the people in Kinross Shire,
together with what some particular persons in other places
suffered, which are connected therewith, from the year 1669,
untill the happy revolution in 1688, for not conforming to
Prelacie, and not going to hear the Curats.

Imprimis, in the year 1669, in the moneth of October, the gospel was
first preached by Mr. John Blacatter in the open fields, in the corn yard
of Balcanquel. The second time, Mr. John Dickson preached upon the
twentie second day of that same moneth in Glenvaill. And the third
time, Mr. David Hume preached in the moneth of November. But many
times in houses before this, as in the house of Robert Stirk, merchant in
Milnathort, and in the house of David Coventrie, Portioner of Airlarie,
and in other houses in the parish of Orwell.

2"*** In the year 1670, Mr. John Dickson preached in the newbigging
of Lethangie, in the parish of Kinross, upon the thirteenth day of february,
in the evening. And one Robert Steedman, commonly called Rob at the
Cross, took away the said Mr. Dickson's horse, and put him into the tol-
booth, which horse was goten again for one boll of malt Mr. Dickson
continued preaching several nights through the Shire. And upon the
fifteenth or sixteenth of the moneth of June thereafter Mr. Blacketer and
Mr. Dickson came to the hill of Beath, on the Sabbath's day, where there
was a great meeting of persons, who came from the east end of Fife, and
as far west as Sterlin, to hear sermons. Immediately after this, many in
the Shire of Kinross, and in other places, were summoned to answer before
the Secret Council : and all who answered were put in prison ; particularly
Margaret Martin, My Lady Colvill's gentlewoman, and Bessy Young, a
servant maid of the said lady, who continued long in prison. As also
William Adam in Culross, Adam Stobbo in Luscar, John Rankin in
Cuffabouts, and James Duncan in Borrostowness, which four were sentenced
to be banished to the forraign plantations. After this meeting the troopers
were sent to Kinross and Faulkland, where they lay, and raged, and
greievously oppressed the countrey, and searched for those who answered
not the Council ; insomuch that all such were forced to fly, and leave their
dwelling places, so that about the space of two years we had no preaching
but in the night time. When the troopers went out of the Shire, Ministers
began to the field preachings again.

About the end of the year 1672, and in 1673 there were frequently
meetings in the open fields, where Mr. John Welch, Mr. Samuel Amot,
Mr. Gabriel Semple, Mr. Thomas Hog, Minister at Larbour, and many
others preached. Upon which account many persons who had been at
these meetings were cited before the Secret Council, and they not com-
pearing, severals of them were intercommuned, particularly My Lady
Colvill, The Lady Balcanquell, David Coventrie and John Henderson,
Portioners of Airlarie, Robert Stirk, merchant in Milnathort, David Shaw
Tennent in Gospetrie, and James Pryde, Weaver in Urquhart, and John
Arnot of Greenside and his four son[s], of whom Mr. Thomas Amot,
Minister of Couper, was one.

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or. Northern Notes and Queries. 99

In the year 1674 there were field preachings in many places of the
Shire ; Whereupon one James Butter, Sherriflf Clerk of Perthshire (being a
creditor of the Earle of Morton) takes upon him to be Sheriff of Kinross
shire, and deputes Mr. David Crawford, Classlochie's brother, and ap-
points William Gordon to be clerk, and William Green, Procurator Fiscal,
cruel persecutors; who summoned the whole people in the Shire, who
would not hear the Curats. And at that time there were few in y* parishes
of Orwell, Portmoak, and Kinross who were hearers of the Curats ; so that
many were fined in large sums, by the said James Butter and his Court,
who threatned to take out an horning, and put them in prison. At the
same time Mr. Hay (another creditor of the Earle of Morton's), who pre-
tended as good right to the Sherriffship as Butter, caused summon all the
persons that Butter had summoned, to compear before Mr. William Gib,
his Depute. So both these courts sat in one day, and at one time of the
day. And both of them fined the inhabitants of the shire who would not
hear the Curats in great sums of money. The people, finding themselves
so maletreated, extracted both decreits, and sent one Robert Steedman,
then a young man, over to Edinburgh to suspend both. And he imployed
the Laird of Interkin, a writer to the Signet, to expede the same for the
shire. Interkin told the said Robert that there was an act of Sederunt
made by the Secret Council that no suspension should pass in favours of
the Presbyterians. Nevertheless Interkin billed the Lords, and said y'
were two decreits by two controverting Sheniffs for one and the same
thing, and pressed the suspension untill the Lords should decide who had
best right unto the fines. So a suspension was obtained at an extraor-
dinary sum. Whereupon the said Robert returned, and intimated the
same to Green, Butter^s procurator Fiscal, by instrument. Butter, coming
from Perth to go to Edinburgh for Letters of horning, was told by his
Fiscal that there was a suspension intimate the night before. Whereupon
Butter sent for the said Robert, and desired a sight of the suspension with
the greatest importunity, which he at length obtained : and when he saw
it, he put his hand to his throat, and said the Devil cut that, if he should
step a foot further in prosecuting the decreit : for, says he, they give out
acts, that unless we that are Sherriffs put the laws in execution against You
that will not go [to] Church, we shall be liable unto the fines ourselves.
And he earnestly Segg'd a double of the suspension that he might let them
see it, who pressed him to act so : and accordingly he obtained the same,
and went home that same day, and they were no more troubled with him.
So all that year Ministers continued to preach in the open fields, but most
frequently in Glenvaill, betwixt the two Lomonds.

In the year 1674 there were many field preachings, and two or three
solemn fasts ; one in the place of Cleish, where Mr. John Mosman, Mr.
William Summervail, and Mr. Archibald Riddel preached. And that
same day other three Ministers observed a Fast in the Castle of Balvaird.
And some moneths after, yr was a fast keep't openly in the fields in the
parish of Kinross, in a place called the Gellieknows, where three
ministers preached, and it was a very numerous meeting. Then the
troopers raged up and down by the command of Powmill, commonly
called Captain Crawfoord, who was one of the king's life guard, and a
violent persecutor. He took out the Sherriffmairs with him to Auchtennie,
and brought all the horse, neat, and sheep belonging to Robert Amot,
tennant there, together with Mr. John Wallwood's horse, which was there

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at that time. Then Green, Butter's procurator iiscall (because none in the
countrey would by these goods), caried them to the west port of Edinburgh,
and sold them there : only he left Mr. Wallwood*s horse att Kinross, which
was retaken by a young man in the parish of Orwell, and returned again to
Mr. Wallwood. Green, being at that time a Merchant in Kinross, bought
merchant goods with the money that he gote for the beasts, yea, and more
goods than the money would reach; but gave his bond for the superplus.
He keept not his day, and diligence was used against him, and so he was
cast in prison in Edinburgh, where that cruel persecutor died miserably ;
Yea, all that Court of Butters, the Depute, the Clerk, Fiscal, Shirriffmairs,
died in most melancholly circumstances, not having anything wherewith to
bury them, for all the plunder and spoil they took from the countrey.

In the year 1675, Powmill, with his troopers, raged through the countrey ;
and all those who intertained Presbyterian Ministers, or were active in call-
ing them to preach, were forced to fly the country to any place where they
could get shelter: and if they came home to see their families, they were
forced to ly in mountains or mosses or secret places. In the moneth of May
that year Powmill took Andrew Horn of Tamanain, Robert Arnot of Hol-
town, William Arnot in Kinnesswood, and James Reid, Portioner of Seggie^
and George Birrel escaped with much difficulty and whb woI lotn in
tho ootiiitiy till King Williiim cflms ovsr {sic). And on the second of
July immediately thereafter they took Henry Angus, merchant in Kinross,
at the mercat of Auchtermoughtie as he was selling his goods. And
Powmill cut him in the head after he was his prisoner, and brought him to
Edinburgh, where he was imprisoned with the rest, and lay long there, and
before he gote out was banished the shire.

In the year 1676 James Ballantyne, elder and younger, in the parish of
Kinross, were taken by two messengers to Dinning with five accomplices ;
But William, Robert, and John Steedmans in Kinross, Michael Glass in
Milnathort, and John Flockhart in Seggie, pursued them five miles, and
rescued them. There were frequently preachings in the fields yr two years
167s ^^^ 1676. And a very solemn Communion in the Castle of
Balvaird in the moneth of July 1676; where Mr. Alexander Moncrief
preached the action sermon, and Mr. John Dickson, Mr. John
Blacketer, Mr. David Hume, and Mr. John Wallwood assisted. And
thereafter Mr. Dickson came and preached in the parish of Kinross att
Cassigowr, where Robert Dempster came, and charged him to desist, but
was hendred to do any hurt unto the Minister. This Dempster was Sherriff"-
Clerk of Kinross. And at another time he came with the oflficer to
Anascroich in the same parish and stop't Mr. George Johnston from
preaching there. About this same time Mr. John Dickson preached in
the park near to the Church of Tilliboll ; the Curat of Fossua and TilliboU,
whose name was Mr. Ireland, coming to the church of Tilliboll that day
that he might hinder his parishoners from going to hear the said Mr.
Dickson, was so grieved, when he heard the meeting sing psalms, that he
sat down and wept. Yea, so inveterate was he that he caused John Stalker,
one of his parishoners, to stand before the church in white sheets, because
he had been at that meeting. The said Curat went to Stirlin the next
week, and brought a party of the king's guard east. So there was a meeting
the next Sabbath upon the top of the Lomond hill; and as the people
were going to the meeting the troopers came by them one by one, with
their cloaks cast over their pistols ; so that they were not observed till they

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came even unto the foot of the hill. And when they attempted to ascend
the hill) the meeting, both men and women, hurled down stones upon
them. The troopers fired upon the meeting ; but without doing any hiut,
only the balls grazed upon some of their shoulders. There was a great
stone impending on the front of the hill, which some of the strongest of
the men thrust down the Steep hill upon them, which put them into such
confusion that they knew not whether : and that which increased their fear
and disorder, the hill caused the stone go hither and thither with much
force. However, they dispersed the meeting ; and Mr. John Wallwood,
who intended to preach, was obliged to go away. Some of the troopers
apprehended about twentie persons, and made them prisoners ; and when
Powmill came to them, they asked him what they should do with the
prisoners. He commanded the souldiers to draw out their swords, and
hack them down. So they cutted many of them ; particularly one George
Moncrief in Kinross was cutt through the nose. When they came to
Kinross they searched many houses for men whom they suspected, but
found none. After Lambas that year came Captain Buckholm, who com-
manded a squad of the King's guards ; he hendred the publick meetings.
And on the first day of September, having trysted the countreymen to meet
with him, to cast the locality for his winter quarters ; in the morning he
took Robert Steedman in Kinross, young man servant unto his father, out
of his bed: and then Robert Amot in Auchtennie, Henry Amot in
Dallquiech, and John Horn of Tamanain,who were trysted at Milnathort
about the locality. As also he apprehended that day David Coventrie,
and John Henderson, Portioners of Airlarie, David Shaw in Gospetrie,
Patrick Miller in Urquhart, and James Pryde there : and carried them to
the tolbooth of Couper in Fife, where they lay eight dayes. And then
were taken over to the tolbooth of Edinburgh, where some of them lay
fourtie six weeks, others fiftie. James Pryde was taken from the rest,
within twelve weeks after they were first imprisoned, and put into the
Cannongate tolbooth, and he remained in prison till he was sent to
London. As also John Arnot in Balgedie was taken by the troopers,
and imprisoned in the tolbooth of Edinburgh, and banished to the new
plantations, but both he and James Pryde were released when they came
to London. All these forenamed persons were taken at their own houses,
and therefore, it was alleged, they could not be keept in prison; But
Bishop Sharp, being their inveterate enemie, caused keep them so long,
saying they were men who conveyed Ministers through the country in
arms, and that they were the men who brought the Ministers to that
communion which was keept in the Castle of Balvaird. The Troopers
lay more than a year at Kinross at that time, so that when these men
came home again (because they went not to hear the Curats) they were
obliged to leave their own houses, and sojourn in other places ; as others
had done during the time of their imprisonment, as John Steedman, meal-
maker in Kinross, and Robert Stirk, merchant in Milnathort, and many
others.

In the year 1677 there were no publick preachings, unless in the
night, because of the fury of the Troopers, who lay more than an year
and an half in Kinross. And at Andermas the thirtieth of November
y* year, came Captain Carstairs, who was bunded out by Bishop Sharp.
Mr. Robert Anderson had preached at Cleish upon the Sabbath : and the
said Captain came and rapped at the gate of Cleish upon munday morning

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early, about two or three hours before day, and apprehended Mr. Anderson
and William Sethrum, the chamberlain, and broke Robert Steedman*s
head, who made his escape : and when the Captain missed him, he fell
into a fitt of the convulsion, and continued two or three hours in it ; In
which time My Lady Colvill, and My Lord, who was then a child, made
their escape. But he carried Mr. Anderson and the Chamberlain to the
tolbooth of Faulkland.

In the year 1678, when the Troopers went away, the field meetings
were keeped very frequently through the whole Shire; but oftner in
Glenvaill, because it was in the center of that large congregation, which
extended to Couper of Fife on the east, to Kirkcaldie on the south, To
Salin and Dollar on the west, and to Perth on the north. There were
five or six parishes engaged together, to keep up the preaching of the
Gospel among themselves ; And by turns each parish sent to Edinburgh
and brought a Minister, so that they seldom wanted sermon on the Lord's
day : Att one of these meetings upon CoUquohar hill in the moneth of
September, the Lady Methven brought down a number of armed high-
landmen, who scattered the Meeting and robbed the women of their
plaids and cloaths and killed one man who was a wright in Forgan. And
she had used her endeavours to hinder another meeting before this upon
Tibbermoor, by appearing in arms. And it was observable that about an
year after this she fell of her horse and her brains were dashed, and that
upon the same spot where she opposed persons going to that meeting,
viz., at the south-west end of Mefian wood.

Likewayes that same year 1678, Buckholm took Gilbert Mamock,
Lord of the Chapmen in Fife and Kinross, and David Barclay, and carried
them to Edinburgh, where they were imprisoned a long time, and after-
wards were banished to forreign plantations, and carried to London ; but
were released there. He took also John Henderson in Airlarie, Thomas
Scot, and John Gib in Pittendreich, which four were carried to Edin-
burgh, and keept in prison a quarter of an year ; and each of them were
fined in an hundred pounds Scots, and paid it before they were liberate.
Thomas Scot and John Gib were made to ly in the irons, being linked
together during the time of their imprisonment.

{To be continued,)

627. The Gray Bequest to the Lyon Office.^ — Under the will of
the late Mr. J. M. Gray, curator of the Scottish National Portrait Galler)%
his collection of heraldic works was left to the Lyon Office, to be pre-
served in the library there. Upwards of a hundred volumes have altogether
been received, and, as might be expected from their having formed part
of the library of a man of such taste and culture as their late owner
undoubtedly was, many of them are of the highest interest and value in
their special subject. Of course, all the standard writers on Scottish
Heraldry, such as Sir David Lindsay, Nisbet, etc., are represented,
together with most of the better known English authors. Of the latter
there are some early editions, including the originals of Feme's Blazon of
Gentrie (1586), Bolton's Elements of Armories (1610), Guillim's Display
(161 1 ), Carter's -^«a/vj« of Honour y and some others. In the shape of
rarities belonging to this period, we have the often quoted, but com-
paratively seldom seen, Introductio ad Latinam Blasoniam (1682), by
* Printed from the Scotsman by permission of the writer.

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John Gibbon, Bluemautle Pursuivant, or, as he puts it on the title-page,
quem a mantelio dicunt coeruleo. The latter was a learned but eccentric
man, who, conceiving himself ill-treated in the College of Arms, filled the
margins of the books in the library with severe reflections on the conduct
of his superiors in office. He lived to be an old man, and became a great
astrologer in his later years. Another seventeenth century curiosity is
Edward Waterhous's Discourse and Defense of Arms and Armory ; it was
written, we are told, to divert the author's mind at a season of great grief;
but it is anything but diverting to read, being pedantic in the extreme,
and absurdly inflated in style ; it is, as Anthony Wood says, * rhapsodical,
indigested, and whimsical,' and yet it is so much of a literary conceit, and
so evidently the work of a pious gentleman, that we would not willingly
lose it. Favine's Theatre of Honour {162^) is a work of a very different
stamp, and one of the most valuable treatises we have on the foreign
orders of knighthood. Dame Julia Berner's famous Boke of St Albans is
represented by a very beautiful fcU'Simile reprint. Coming to modern
times, a large paper copy of Taylor's Glory of Regality deserves attention,
containing as it does a very full account of the ceremonies observed at the
coronation of the Kings and Queens of England. Le Pas tCArmes de la
Bergire is a book which will delight all readers of Sir Walter Scott, for it
is a transcription from a MS. containing an account in verse of one of those
extraordinary spectacles which that Royal entrepreneur and mediaeval stage-
manager King Rene, so happily sketched for us in Anne of Geierstein, was
so fond of producing. There is an admirably written introduction, which
goes fully into the subject of the conduct of the tourneys of the time.
Amongst other French works may be noticed Segoing's Armorial
Universal (1654), a beautifully bright and clean copy of a volume contain-
ing engravings on copper of the arms of most of the armigenous French
families then in existence, though it is not so fine a book as the same
author's folio volume, Le Tresor Heraldique, published a few years later.
Even more interesting, because much earlier, is the text of the famous
Armorial de Berry, now in the National Library, Paris. It was compiled
in the fifteenth century by Gilles de Bouvier, Berry King of Arms under
Charles vii. The text and blazon of the arms are given with much
completeness, but it is to be regretted that noble armorial has not been
reproduced in facsimile^ though Mr. Stodart got the Scottish coats
copied for his book on Scottish arms. The French edition of the text,
however, by M. Vallet de Viriville, so far as it goes, leaves little to be
desired, and contains an excellent account of the life of the old herald
himself. Among other French books may be noticed a modem one of
very moderate size on seals (sigilla non phocce), which are admirably dealt
with by M. de la Marche, the French archivist. The volume forms one
of a series (to which belongs Genouillac's UArt Heraldique, also in the
collection) of volumes relating to art published under the patronage of the
Administration des Beaux Arts. We have nothing so good in the way of
introductions to such subjects in this country, but in artistic matters they
manage these things better in France. Amongst other useful French
works of reference may be noted De Milleville's Armorial Historique de la
Noblesse de France, a kind of artistic Burke \ the Artnorial du Bibliophile,
containing the arms of the book-fanciers in France who have decorated
the outside of their books with their achievements ; and, lastly, by the
same author, M. Guizard, the Bibliotheque Heraldique de France, a capitally

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I04 The Scottish Antiquary ;

arranged bibliography of the subject, a task which has only been im-
perfectly attempted in this country.

But the most interesting feature of the collection, both from a heraldic
and artistic point of view, is undoubtedly the reproduction in fac-simiU of
various old armorials. One of the most famous, the Armorial de Gebre^ a
work compiled about the middle of the 14th century, by Heynen, the Gebre
Herald of the time, was brought out in 1881 in four large quarto volumes,
by M. Victor Bouton. It is of special interest to us, as it contains quite a
number of Scottish coats : these were reproduced by Mr. Stodart in his
work to which we have alluded above ; but these copies were not perhaps
so absolutely accurate as they might have been. Indeed, even M.
Bouton's colouring of the shields is stated by Captain Dunbar, who has
gone into the matter very carefully, to be not altogether flawless. But
taken as a whole the work may be pronounced to be very well done, and as
the verbal blazon of the arms is given along with the plates^ the collection
is of great value not only to the student of heraldry, but to the artist on
the lookout for good armorial forms. As Mr. Gray himself said when
describing the book in the account of the Edinburgh Heraldic Exhibition,
where it was exhibited, * Nothing could be more beautiful than the refined
and spirited curves which have been selected to outline the shields, than
the purity of the pigments and leaf by which the tinctures and metal are
expressed, than the spirit and energy visible in the lithe, attenuated forms
of the lions and other animals introduced, than the exquisitely varied fancy
displayed in the disposition of the crests and the peacock plumes which
frequently surround or surmount them.' Much more gorgeous than the
work of Gebre Herald is the splendid armorial of Conrad von Gninen-
berg. Its date is 1483, and its large folio pages glow with positively
exuberant colour. The large collection of armorial bearings displayed in
it are depicted with a conceptive energy and power of technique which,
while occasionally somewhat unrestrained in effect, are in the highest
degree interesting and suggestive. It is quite an education in itself to go
through its pages and to note the brilliant way in which not only the
shields themselves, but their accessories in the shape of the helmets,
mantlings, and crests have been treated, so different from the tame and
spiritless work of more modern times. It is a work which shows more than
any other the intense adaptability of heraldry to decorative effect, and if
our present day designers would take some hints from its pages, we should
see our book plates and our letter dies freed from the banal influences of
the last few centuries. We must not omit to mention^ too, the beautiful
little Zurich Armorial, the oldest of all these mss., its date being about
1340. Its exquisite simplicity and admirable conventional treatment of
the animals portrayed in it are worthy of all praise. In striking contrast
to this MS., with its quaint old-world simplicity, is the Armorial Equestre
of the Order of the Golden Fleece. It was originally produced about
1460, and has been carefully edited from the 143. in the Arsenal Library
in Paris only a few years ago by M. Lor6dan Larchey. It was probably
the work of Jean Lef^vre, originally an English Herald, but afterwards
King of Arms of the Order of the Golden Fleece, under its founder,
Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy. Almost all the monarchs, princes,
and elector-bishops of Europe are displayed in this Armorial, mounted on
horseback, the steeds being fully caparisoned and covered with the
armorial bearings of their riders. The character of the drawings is more

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105

fantastic than is the case with those of an earlier period ; but .the repre-
sentations of the various knights form an interesting study, and are very
typical of the artistic instincts of the time, though they are hardly to be
recommended to modern copyists, unless possessed of considerable dis-
crimination. For heraldry of the sixteenth century no better book can be
recommended to the student than Sir William. Stirling Maxwell's work on
the subject, which displays all the good taste which was characteristic of
that author.

For persons who wish to study the history and progress of heraldic
delineation from its rise in the thirteenth century to its utter degradation
in the first half of the nineteenth (from which, however, there are signs
that it is slowly recovering). Professor Hildebrandt's Heraldisches Meister-
buck forms an admirable handbook. This and many others of which
space forbids the mention, are to be found in this collection, and serve to
show the very varied character of its contents. It only remains to be said
that so far as the very limited accommodation at the disposal of the Lyon .
Office authorities permits, the books may be consulted by students of
heraldry, artists, and others who have a serious and
definite object in view. J. B. P.

628. Huguenot Cross. — The following descrip-
tion of a gold cross, now in my possession, which is
here represented full size, has been sent me by a
Protestant French lady whose ancestors were Hugue-
nots at Nismes in the South of France. The cross
itself is of great rarity : — * The Huguenot cross was
first worn about the time of the Edicts of Nantes
(1598). After the Revocation of that Edict in 1685,
when the Huguenots were persecuted and driven
away from France, there was another cross of smaller
size, worn under the dress, with a tear-drop instead
of the Holy Ghost (the dove). The French call this
time "The Church under the Cross." When Louis
XVI. gave the Edict of Tolerance (1788), the Hugue-
nots resumed wearing the first cross.'

A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

629. Dame Erskinb's Account-Book (vol. i.-ii.
p. 175). — It was intended to print the book
mentioned in the above reference for the Scottish

History Society, but the size of the volume Account-Book of Sir John
'FouliSy lately issued, and the necessity for printing only portions of Dame
Erskine's Accounts, induces me to give some extracts. Ed.

1678.

Jan. 2-17. for yongens (onions?) a firekin, i8s. ; to Wm. Lindsay,
I2S. 6d. ; to the man for suiping all our chimbles, 12s.;
for dawed shues, i lb. los. ; lent to my mother to give
the bairns in hanse, 5s. 4d. ; to tam* ogelbie*
„ 18. Isobl barnet, 2 lb. 12s. 4d.
„ 21. for the melite (militia) hors coming & going, 19s.

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Jan. 23. Isoble benet for flesh and wine.
„ 29. for worset to waft out the droget, 5s.
» 30. to James short for work, i lb. 8s. ; to cathren davidson for

haklen the lint, i lb. 4s. ; for charls shues, 6s. ; for mending

david's shues, is. 8d.
Feb. r. to Ja dark for maken y* nurs child chist, 9s. ; suen sive (?), 3s. ;

scul, 2s. ; cane, is.
„ 4. to James when he went to y* throask, i8s.; to W" to cairie

him, 2s. ; more sent to James to y^ throask, i lb. 1 2s. ;

to Androw horn, 4s. ; Rob' Engel to drink, 6s.
„ 10. to John Blaketr when he sumoned y* frinds and y*^ lady,

2 lb. 13s. 4d. ; sent to Rob* sibald, 481b.; sent stiven

smith, 2 lb.
„ 18. tolbaca, 8d. ; thams mefen to drink, 6s.; silk lupen, 4s. 6d.
„ 20. lent my mother to bay twiling for drawers to my ifather,

lib. I2S. ; receaved from Jo Wood w*" Ja Andrews sent

me from y' throask, 59 lb. 9s. 4d.
„ 22. to the man for bringen over the horse, 4s.
„ 24. for eleven el oi stufe at seven shil four penies the el, 4 lb. 6s. ;

to christen lam to take her to Edg', 7 s. 8d. ; to Rob*

engel, 17s. 4d. ; drink money to Rob* watson, i lb. 5s. 4d.
March 5. diapalma & starch, is. ; Rec"* from Charles poge, 281b. 15s. ;

Red* from Charles poge tenant in popaltris, 28 lb. 153. 4d.
„ 9. Re** from James wood, 47 lb. 14s.
„ 12. to Rob* newal dark for his annual, 91b. ; to Rob* blaw for

thrie ston & half a pund of lorn, 41b. 17s.; sent to the

post to Edg' to buy parchment & a quich, i lb. 9s. ; ribons

& two nekleases, los. ; to Elespt lidel, 2s.
„ 28. Rec** from James Buchan, 20 lb.
April I, Rec** from James Andrews w'' he got from the tenants in

throask, 71 lb. 17s. 8d. ; more from W" lather tenant in

popoltries, 39 lb. 6s. 8d.
„ 2. sent w* Duncan to Thomas Arsking balgownie's brother,

1331b. 6s. 8d. ; to Cath Sutherland for spining and burn

bearing (burden-bearing), i lb. 15s. 6d.
„ 4. sent by James Andrews to balgownie Aunt Mrs. Magdelean,

100 lb.
„ 5. to Thomas adam for plasing the wort ston (?), 5s. 6d.
„ 6. to get eal & eggs to the men that was plewing the midow, ss.;

to tho' layel for tubs, 6s.
„ 9. Sent to Edg' w* the post to pay georgs burnets comp*,

25 lb. 1 2S. ; payd to Jo shanks, 8 lb. 8s. ; for viall, 1 6s. 8d.
„ 10. sent to david Michel bilzie (baillie) one years anual, 40 lb.
„ 16. Rec^ from Balgownie, 321b. i8s. ; it may be for two months

after this ther will be sum mony wrong plased for my

book was A mising at y* time.
May 8. to Margret bald, 2 lb. 9s.
„ 24. for the wading lawing, 2 lb. 7s. ; to Jnet bumet for hir own

lawen, 12s. ; to Rob* Cowston, 3s.
June I. to christen lindsay in pairt of hir fee, 15 lb. ; & to Anne crage

in ful of al I owe hir for fee or shows, 12 lb. i8s.
„ 23. for making a salt baket, i6s.

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July I. to castellhill for gras, 2 lb. is. 6d.

„ (n.d). for lining to be sarks to y® bairns at y^ fair, 5 lb.
,1 24. harne for a shit to bear y' clothes to y^ water, i8s.
Aug. 2. spent at the north ferie for dener ther, 19s. 8d. ; fraught, i8s.;

for horse hyre, 2 lb. iSs. ; boy, 12s.; powder, 2s.; horse

meal and boys bed dowring our stay at Edg', 6 lb. 8s. ;

for owr dayet ther, 131b. i6s. 8d. ; as also owr fraught

coming bak agen, 2 lb. i8s. ; horse hyre to the ferie, i8s. ;

dener at y* ferie to us, i is.
„ 16. to magie penie for milk, 6 lb. ; to andro karr for wool, 3 lb.
„ 23. Rec^ after I cam from ye throsk, i lb. us. 4d.
„ 29. drink mony for July flowrs, 6s.
Sep. 4. to y* boy for taken y* hors to Aiwa, 3s ; herin, 4d. ; goosberis,

8s. 6d. ; pears, 8d.
„ 21. to grisel mutrie, 14s.
„ 23. to the lases y' browght y* huny, 2s. ; to nance cockron,

lib. 19s.
„ 27. for a lower, 5s. ; Askow, 2s.
Oct. I. Re*^ from James buchan piger, 12 lb.
„ 4. for y* seting of y* chimblie, 6s.
„ 12. to the hird in campbell that keept the cowe, 6s. ; for chise w*'

I got from Campbell, 19s.
„ 24. pan crach, 3s. 4d.
„ 30. for a per of shows to myself, i lb. 8s.
Nov. I. to Jo cruket, 11 lb. 4s. ; doves, 9s. ; leter, 2s.

„ 6. to the men y* was thrashing to bay them meat, 13s.; dowes

eggs, 13s. 8d.
„ 10. to Rob' shank for kiling thrie cowes, I lb. los.

to remember y' y* 16 lb. 13s. 4d. plac** in my fathers acompt

for sum lining was a dyper table cloth and servets w*- cam

to be sold and he bought y" for me and my mother hes

y" in keeping for me.
„ 12. for a chimblie w'' I sent for w' y" post, 2 lb. ; for fairings to y*

children, 2s. ; for a mand, 2s. 8d. ; sowen sive, 3s.
„ 16. to davids hose, 6s.
„ 29. to James nesmoth for CI (clerk) neweall, i lb. los. ; for two

speads, 12s.
Dec. 6. for a leter w*= cam from Glascowe to my mother, 2s.
„ 7. to James blaw, 4 lb. 4s.

to complit M" primros hir anual w*" was mor then she got

bond for, 5 lb. 6s. (Mem :)
,, 9. to Jo blaws wife for worken Jocks stokens, 14s.
„ 10. sent to bay eal to y* men y* is weading the wood, 8s. ; to W"

when he went to the burell in clish for his M', (master) 2s.
,, 13. for three motton bowks, 81b. 13s. 4d.
„ 25. for worken Joks my tens, 3s.

1679.

Jan. 4. to Rob* shanks for kiling the calf, 2s.

„ 7. for wine w'^ Bal' got in bilzie heladays, 2 lb. ; to Jas. Johnson,
I lb. IS.

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Jan. 1 8. to Christen lame to pay the las that helped to wesh at y*
wall, 9s. ; glas, 4s.
„ 20. for sirope milros, 14s. ; strawe two threve, 8s. ; nutmugs,

IS. 8d.
„ 24. balgownies shows mending, 8s.
Feb. 4. for thrie peartricks, 15s.
„ II, to midlen Jo dalglish,^ 15 lb. 19s. 2d.; to cath heladay for

whit searge, 4 lb.
„ 18. to Wilam & James to cairie them over the water when

balgownie sent y" to a bureal.
„ 21. to Rob* bad for eal, 4s.
March 25. extraking the old Ladys othe, 13s. 4d.

Now begens Christens comp* I being laying in of child.
April 9. balgownie left with me at that time when he came into the
towne to ye E of Marr. [Left blank.]
Of which I give owt to put owt the nurs hir child, 5 lb. los.
„ 22. shortbread, 12s.
May 7. The childs stays, 6s. 8d.
„ 17. That day I left £dg'— childs and servants fraught and dayet
by the way, i lb. 6s. 8d. ; to Archies first nurs, 1 1 lb. 4s. ;
alhatton, 2 lb. 18s.
„ 19. w*" day I cam to culros. [Mem.]
„ 27. weading y* yeard, 8s.

„ 28. lost owt of my poket, 9s. lod., that day I went to the throask.
June 6. Rec** from balg at culros being cumd hom, 5 lb. i8s.
„ II. to Archies nurs, i lb.
„ 21. Rec** from M" greson in torieburne, 50 lb.
„ 25. for Jocks stokings worken, 4s.
„ 28. for a cane, 2s.
July 9. sent bak to balgownie when he was in bylie heladays w*" he
give for wine & brandy, i lb. 3s.
„ 16. balgownie geve dark masson, los.
„ 20. at the wading, 1 1 lb. 2d. ; pip, 2d.

„ 23. my mother geve Thomas a dolor of my Lords drink mony.
[Mem.]
Aug. 2. bowred fre Anne Stewart, 38 lb. ; w'' I give y* glaiser.
„ II. to y* fish wife, 17s.

„ 21. to John malcomes wading, 12s. ; for eggs to y" that was at
the hay, 6s.
Sep. 6. eal to y* midow, 9s. ; Herings ther also, 9s.

„ 8. to Jo makom for piping, 2s. ; pane mending, 2s. ; whit

bands, 6d.
„ 23. doucks, 2 lb. 1 8s. ; James short to drink, 4s. 8d.
„ 25. for a suord belt, 12s. ; to christen w^ she gave owt at clairs
womans wading, 13s. 4d.
Oct. 2. to John blaw for the nurse, i lb.
„ II. stringen. to lodevicks brickes, is. 6d. ; payd my point tape,

141b.
„ 14. honie, 4s. 6d. ; drafe, is. 4d. ; plivers, 6s. lod.
„ 22. to James kilpatricks boy for his M^ 81b. 12s.; sent to by
cows at y* fair, 551b. 12s. ; hors hyre to Alowa, los.
^ John the son of John and father of John Dalgleish.

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4-
II.

IS-

23.

24-
28.

ec.

10.

13-
14.
16.

20.

25-

or, Northern Notes and Queries, 109

for the cairt mending, 4s.

two caps, 1 6s. ; clasps, 8s. ; for a good warme plaide, 3 lb. 17s. ;

spindel, 8d.
for nanses shows, is. 8d.
to hanna she brought me two quiches to tak hir home &

bring david bake, i8s. 8d.
sent to Edg' to pay for dying balgownies cloathes, i lb. 3s. 4d.
sent to Edg' to pay a saidel & stokings, 17 lb. 6s. 8d. ; for

sandies shows, i lb. 15s.
for a candel fate, 13s. 4d, ; Junepr beries, is. \ whit mending,

lod
lost be charly, 4d,

Rec"* fre Ja polk tenant in popoltrees, 40 lb.
sowing seeds, 2s. lod. ; for four letters to my mo*, 14s. 8d.
to the post for two guses, i lb. los.
une ston (?) & gals, 2s. ; wadding lawing, 8s. 6d.
sent for mustert, 14s. ; candy, is.
lent my mother for Christ" frawght, 4s. ; tameranie, 5 lb. i6s.

630. Peculiar Christian Names. — I have advocated the study of
Surnames as useful towards the acquisition of a more correct knowledge
of the racial composition of our people. A consideration of uncommon
and peculiar Christian names, though not so instructive, is interesting.
We find that certain names, once common, are now unused. We find that
not only is it possible to classify Christian names, but that the process
brings out some curious features in connection with the favour or disfavour
in which they were at various times held. It has been generally supposed
that Bible names were specially the property of English Puritans. A
careful study of sixteenth and seventeenth century registers both of English
parishes and of French and Dutch congregations in England, leads me to
think that the foreigners — the French especially — took to the use of
Scripture names, preferring them to the names of mediaeval saints and
heathen divinities which had become very common during the sixteenth
century. On the other hand the use of Scriptural names was not at
the time so prevalent here as in England, while many names which we
should have expected to disappear were in use till the end of the seven-
teenth century, for this I can offer no explanation save the conservatism
of the Scottish character. A group of names such as Faith, Charity, etc,,
though very common in England, may be said to have been unknown
north of the Tweed. Again, Mary, one of the most common names in
England, is as extremely rare in Scotland. I give below an Alphabetical
list of uncommon and peculiar names. E. affixed, shows that they were
copied from English registers or official documents ; S. from Scottish ;
E. S. from both, while where a date is added it is that of the earliest
instance in the book I was searching — not of course the earliest instance
of the use of the name. / is female ; m, male ; ? doubtful. I am quite
aware that some names which I have inserted may- appear sufficiently
common to exclude them from a list of peculiar names. I think that in
most instances such names, however prevalent in certain families, were not
widely made use of.

A. W. C. H.

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m, Abnego (b.), 162 1.

m, Absolom (e.), .

f, Adria(E.), 1661.

m, Aeneas (s. ), ,

/ Afra(E.), 1619.

m. Agare (E.)f 1592.

m. Ahasuerus (e.), 1675.

m. Alarum (e.)} 1642.

m, Albane(E.), 1588.
/. Alison (s. ), .

m. Allyn (E.)i 1589.

m. All Saynts (e.)» 1592.

m. Allured (e.), 1647.
/ Amfellas (e.)» 1587.
/ Amole (e.), 1608.

m, Ananias (E.)) 1654.
/. Ancrett(E.), 1594.
/ Angel (E.), 1609.

»/. Angell (E.), 1593-
/: Angelette(E.), 1635.
/. Ankeret (e.)i 1589.
/. Annable (e.), 1654.

m, Antipas (B.)j 1610.

/. Aplyn(E.), 1588.

/. Appolbeire (e.), 1564.

m, Aquilla(E.)> 1587.

? Aragon (e.), 1570.

m, Archemie (e.), 1623.
/. Ariston (E.), .

M, Aristotle (s.), 1628.

m. Arnold (e.), 1583.
/. Audry (E.), 16^6.

m. Auger (B.)» 1509.
/. Aurelia(E.), 1627.
/. Averilda(E.), 1614.
/. Averina (E.), 1658.

w. Avery (e.)i 1661.
/. Avis (E.), 1642.
/. Avlin (e.), 1622.

? Awbery(E.), 1589.

fu. Baptist (e.), 1576.

m, Baradine (e.)) 1658.

m, Barnardin (e.), 1620.
/ Barsabay(E.), 1569.

m, Basil (e.), 1570.
/ Bassilia (E.)> 1570.
/ Beata (e.)i 1695.
/ Begis = Margaret (s. ),

m. Belinas(E.), 1416.
/. Bennet (e.), 1596.
/. Bethia(E.), 1696.

/ Bethia(s.), .

/. Bethleem(E.), 1665.
/. Bethihale(E.), 1671.
/. Betteris (E.), 1594.
m, Bevin (E.)* 1599-
m, Bezar (B.)« 1660.
/. Blandina(E.), I595*
? Blissota(B.), 1467-
? Blythe (e.), 1608.
m, Bredith(E.), 1 631.
/. Bright (E.), 1597-
m, Buttolph (e.), 1577-

/. Caesrialonia (b.),

1627,
m. Calisthenes (e.)* 1630.
/. CardinaCB.), 1597-
/ Carola(E.), 1672.
/. Cassandra (E.), 1637.
m. Castle (B.), 1606.
/ Cebella (e.), 1675.
/ Charity (E.), 1662.1
m. Chamel (e.), 1655.
/. Chesya(E.)> 1652.
/. Clara-Diana (E.), 1647.
/. Claridiana(E.), 1647.
m, Classe (e.), 1562.
/. Clemence (B.), 1643.
? Collet (E.)> 1610.
m, Collis(E.), 1590.
/. Comfort (B.), 1650.
m. Cordall(E.), 1607.
m, Conote (E.)f 1599.
w. Craven (e.), 1561.
/. Crysqgon (e.), 1603.
? Cuddie(B.), 1596.
? Cuttie (e.), 1 61 7.
/. Damaris (E.)i 1688.
/. Damian (e.)> 1608.
m. Damon (e.), 1574.
m, Darbie (B.)f 1622.

/. Davina (s.), .

m, Dayowe (e.)» 1391.
///. Decolam (e.), 1652.
/. Dennis (b.), 1566.
///. Dennys (b.), 1575.
/ Dew-ale (B.), 1603.
/ Dionyse (b.), 1569.
m. Dionysius (s.), 1590.
m. Dive (e.), 1588.
? Donate (e.)> 1597.
/ Dowsabell (E.)> 1592.
/ Dulcebell (e.), 1625.
? Durdyn (e.), 16 10.
/ Ednore (e.), 1596.
/ Egidia(s.), i570-
/ Elah (e.), 1613.
/ Elizaman (e.), 1692.
tn, Elkin (E.), 1567.
m, Ellice(E.), 1608.
/ Embline (e.), 1628.
/. Emmery (E.), 1572.
/. Emmott (E.), 1570.
? Entry (B.), 1687.
m, Epiphany (E.), 1622.
m, Erasmus (e.)» 1584.
m, Eriah (B.), 1691.
m. Erisian (e.), 1588.
m, Escanino (e.), i577«
? Eteno(E.), 1563.
/. Eve (E.), 1662.
m, Everard (e.), 1654.
/. Exham (e.), 1609.
m, Fabian (e.), 1576.
m, Fagain (e.)> 1626.
/. Faith (B.), 1693.'
m. Fame (e.), 1581.

/ Farina (e.), 1644.
m. Faustin (e.)» 1626.
/ Felis(E.), 164a
m, Femham (e.), 1585.
f, FiIlmaria(E.), 1691.

m, Finlay (s.), .

m, Finly (e.), 1632.

m. Florence (s.), .

/. Flourish (s.), 167a
m. Fortunatus (e.)i 1603.
/. Fortune ( B. ), 1 596.
m. Foulke(E.), 1583,
///. Friendship (e. ), 161 4.
m. Fytche(E.), 1599.
m, Gamaliel (E.), 1608.
m. Garret (E.)i 1549-
m, GawintE.), 1560(5.).
/. Gelis(s.), 1585.
/. Genet (e.), 1491.
/ Genevra (e.), 1616.
fn, German (e.), 1566.
? Gershon (e.), i6ia
/ Gillamet (E.), 1626.
/ Gillina(E.), 1595. .
/. Gilmarthe(E.), 1597.
? Glarod (e.), 1569.
/ Godly (E.). 1559-
m, Golfin (E.), 1563.
/ Gollefyne (E.), 1569.
/ Goodife (e.), 1608.
/ Goodlove (e.), 1565.
m. Gooson (e.)* 1589.
m, Goulde(E.), 1578.
? Gowiyn(E.), 1583.
m, Gratian (B.)» 1688.
/ GresiIia(E.), 1590.
/ Grisegon (E.), 1636.
m. Gwedo(E.), 1558.
/ Gyllyan(E.), 1564.
m, Hamlet (e.). 1581.
m, Hamon (e. ), 1649.
m. Hanniball (e.), 1574-
/ Harman (e.), 1581.

I m. Hector (e. s.)f .

m, Hercepate (e.), 167a
m, Hercules (e.), 1572; (s.

158a
m. Hilary (e.), 1641.
m, Holophemes (E. ).
m. Homer (s.), 1590.
/. Honora(E.), 1585.
/. Hope(E.).^
m, Horatio (E.), 1582.
/ Hosawna(s.). 1680.
/ Hulda(E.), 1665.
/ Ilande (e.)» 1609.
/. Innocentia (E.), 1657.
OT. Innocentius (b.), 1655.
? Isctt (E.), 1593.
/. Israeli (E.), 1607.
m, Itias(B.), 1688.
/ Jacobins (e.), 1559-
? Jannwick (r.), 1614.
m. Jarois(E.), 1598.

1 Faith, Hope, Charity, trins, so baptized*

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Ill

«r. Jarpan(E.), 1584.
/. Jcnnifcn (e.), 1588.

Jeptha(E.), 161 6.

Tert>me (s.), 1562.

[oke (E.), 1625.

fole (E.), 1677.

[ordan (B. ), 1 610.

Juda(E.), 1550-

Julyan (e.), 157s.

Justice (e.), 1551.
/ Justinia (e.), 1619.
m. Justinian (e.), 1572.
/ Kenborow (e. ), 1603.
m. Kendricke (E.), 1586.
m. Kcnelm (e.), 1696.
Iff. Ketchmee (E.), 1647.
m, Knowgood (E.)» 1638.
m, Lemuell(e.), 1626.
? Leones(E.), 1587.
01. Libbes(E.), 1564.
Mr. Livewell (e.), 1608.

Lomax (e.), 1682.

Loury(E.), 1584.

Lovage (e.), 1642.

Lovday (e), 1627.

Love(E.)) 1684.

I^ovnia (E.), 1586.
w. Lucian (e.), 1556.
/ Lucrcce (e.), 1562.

m, Magnus (s.), ,

m, Ma^or (s. ), 1627.
/ Maige(s.), 1570.
/ MailynCE.), 158$.
/. Mailic (s.), 1580.
/ MaIthy(E.), 1607.
m. Manncius (E.), 1578.
/. Manny (B.), 1697.
m, Manutius (e.), 1578.
m, Marcellus (e.), 1655.

Martiall (b.), 1625.

Masilnie (B. ), 1593.

Massee(E.), 1696.

Matheena (e.), 1593.

Mawsie (s.), ik8i.

Melior (E.), 1&5.

Mercy (E.), 1614.

MichoU (b.), 1604.
, Milka(E.), 1636.
m, Minnion (e.), 1624.
/ Mirabel (E.), 1623; (s.)
1570.

Mouall (E.), 1576.

Nannis (s.), 1574.

Nicolas (s.), 1650.

Ninian (s.). 1560.

Normand (s.), 1568.

?
/.

/
/

? Novell (E.), 1572.
? Nymphas(E.), 1664.
m. Obediense (e.), 1587.
m, Octavian (e.), 1577.
/. Odelia (e.), 1596.
m, Ofispring(E.), 1650.
/ OloffcCE.), 1587.
/. Onely(E.), 1608.
? Orange (e.)» 1609.
m. Originall (e.), 1607.
m, Ottowell (E.), 1603.
m, Otunias (E.), 1675.
m, Oudart (E.), 1698.
m, Palamedbs (s.)> 1595.
/ Pallas (E.), 1578.
m, Paracelsus (E.), 1602.
/ Parnell (E.), 1624.
? Parole (E.), 1568.
/. Parthenia (e.), 1646.
OT. Paskall(E.), 1560.
m, Pasque (e.), 1599.
m, Pasquill (e.), 1606.
m. Passer (E.), 1622.
/ Patience (e.), 1665.
/. Pediana ( e. ), 1679.
/ Peersie (e.), 1614.
/ Penninsdi (e.), 1656.
/. Perentyan (E.), 1587.
m, Perin (e.), 1582.
m, Perpete (e.), 1637.
/. Petronella(E.), 1621.
/. Phage (E.), 1632.
/. Phane (e.), 1691.
m, Pharow(E.), 1641.
/ Phenix (e.), 1672.
/. Polexena (e.), 1627.
m. Praise (b.), 1632.^
m. Prim (e.)» 1648.
/ Prisca(E.), 1672.
/. Prudence (e.), 1610.
? Pyore (E.), 1600.
? Quaint (e.), 1592.
/ Quinborow (e.), 1603.
///. Quintegeon (s.), 1580.
m, Quintine (s.), 1569.
m. Raguel (s.), 1589.
/ Rebona(R.), 161 2.
/ Rediviva (e.), 1698.
m. Rhemigius (e. ), 1664.
? Roche (E.), 161 2.
? Roman (e.), 1582.
m, Romball (e.), 1603.
/ Rout (E.), 1571.
/;/. Rutter (e.), 1596.

? Rymer(E.), 1575-
/ Sabina (b.), 1624.

/ Sabrina(E.), 1593.
/. Sackred (E.), 1605.
m, Salathiell (e.), 1629.
? St. (E.), 1625.
/. Sanite (r.), 1608.
/ Saydewell (E.), 1592.
/. Saynts (e.), 1556.
/ Scollis(B.), 1623.
/ Seball(E.), 1665.
//r. Sebastian (e. ), 1642.
/. Selina (E.), 1652.
/ Sence(E.), 1548.
///. Senior (e.), 1636.
m. Sextus (b.), 1^92.
? Sidery (e.), 1625.
/. Silence (b.), 1655.
m. Silvester (e.), 1608.
/. Sindonie (E.), 1609.
m. Sion (e.), 1657."
/ Soneta (e.), 1391.
/. Suramett (E.), 1608.
/ Suryell (e.), 1602.
/ Swena (E.)» 1602.
/ Sythe(B.), 1560.
? Tamarisk (E.), 1598.
m, Tamberlyn (E.), 1659.
m. Tangela (e.), 1468.
/;/. Tegge (e.), I573-
/ Temperance (B.), 1633.
m, Tempus (e.), 1598.
/. Termaria (e.)» 1686.
m, Terry (e.), 1609.
/ Thamer (e.), 1585.
/. Thomasin (e. ), 1629.
«. Tidder(E.), 1584.
w. Tobell (E.), 1634.
m. Tobias (E.), 1575.
/ Trewe (e.), 1566.
m. Trisham (E.)» 1664.
m, Trixson (E.), 1595.

m. Troilus (s. ), .

/. Tymothea(s.), 1628.

m. Ubey (E.)f .

/ Umsa(E.), 1700.
/. Uriana(E.), 1695.
m, Uryan {e.)» iSSiS.
///. Utor (E.), 1602.
m. Varguis (e.), 1637.
/ Vame{E.), 1587.
m. Vigorous (b.), 1672.
/. Virtue (B.), 1651.
«. Vulcan (e.), 1640.
? Walorave(e.), 1588.
/ Winnick (e.), 1618.
/: Wyborow (e.), 1605.
? Zuriell(e.), 1605.

1 This was the name of Colonel Barbon, commonljy called ' Praise God ' Barebones. He may
added ' God ' to his baptismal name. The entry, 1632, is the burial of a child of his.
i'SiooHilL'

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1 1 2 The Scottish Antiqtiary ;

631. A Foreigner in Scotland, 1672. — Mr. Hume Brown in Early
Travellers in Scotland^ 1 295-1689, has given us the opinions of foreigners
who visited Scotland. In many cases they are far from complimentary. In
the report of the Portland MSS. {Hist MSS, Com., 14 Rep., pt iL^page
327) is printed a letter from Denis de Repas to Sir Edward Harley, 1672.
It may be interesting to our readers to give the portion which relates to
Scotland. £d.

' I went into Scotland, where I did observe the people not to be at all
ingenious for any kind of manufacture, for it is certain that there is not
any sort of good commodity made in Scotland. I have been there three
times, once out of England and twice out of Holland, and did travel above
two hundred miles beyond Edinburgh towards the north. I may assure
your honour that in all my travels I never saw a nation in general more
nasty, lazy, and least ingenious in matter of manufactures than they
are, as by word of mouth I may in time the better relate to your honour.
In several places, though, nature doth afford them all manner of materials
to build houses, they are so lazy that they had rather lay in cabins covered
hardly with earth and turfs, and so be exposed to the injury of the
weather, than to take the pains to build as they do anywhere else, nay,
amongst the Highlanders they live like savages, and go half naked. That
people is so lazy that generally, except in the great towns, they do not do
so much as bake bread, though they may have plenty of corn, but make
nastily a kind of stuff with oat half grinded, which they do call cake —
which hath no more taste or relish than a piece of wooden trencher, I
was forced for two months time, in the north, in a place called Rothimay,
to live altogether upon pap for want of bread. The Scotch men and
Scotch horses live altogether upon the same diet, I mean upon oats, for
there is not a horse in thirty to whom hay is afforded ; their bread is made
of oats, and so is their bonny ale. Was I to give your honour a whole
description both of their humours and of their nasty, " sieving and scabby "
way of living amongst them, I should have matter enough for a dozen of
copious letters. ... I do speak so much of Scotland by reason that being
your neighbours,'I do wonder that they do not take something after the
English, which through all the world are counted the most ingenious in
all manner of manufactures, as cloth, serge, woollen stockings^ silk stock-
ings, both woven and knitted, which I have seen transported to Naples,
Messina, Palermo, etc, all places whence silk is transported into England.
All sort of leather, scarlet cloth, gloves, watches, knives, etc. In Scot-
land there is good wool enough and plentiful, yet they do not make any
sort of cloth, but send it over to Holland. They make in the north, about
Aberdeen, great store of a kind of coarse baize, which they call plaiding
from fourpence to eightpence the ell ; from the price your honour may
judge of the goodness of the stuff. They do make also abundance of stock-
ings in those parts ; they cost but very little money, yet are they too dear,
for they are " stock nought," and most nastily made. They have abundance
of goat, bucks, and deer-skins, but they do not take the pains to dress
them as well as their hides. They do send them to Holland. I have
dealt in all those sort of goods, and so I must needs know the price of
them. . . . The rest of my ready money I did lay it all in Aberdeen's
stockings, and so I did return to Holland, where I had them dyed, then
carried them into Germany, and from place to place I sold some by gross
only.'

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113

632. Old Cross at Minnigaff. — The drawing here given represents
another old cross at Minnigaff, which though ruder than the one given
vol. ix. p. 21, is of some interest. C. H. M. J.

633. A Scottish King's Wedding Banquet. — Perhaps one of the most
important events which occurred during the long reign of the third Henry
of England was the marriage of Margaret, his eldest daughter, to the
young King of Scotland. This event, which was solemnised at York on
the morrow of Christmas in the year 1251, receives much notice in the

VOL. IX. — ^KO. XXXV. H

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1 14 The Scottish Antiquary ;

contemporary documents stored in the Public Record Office. From the
Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland for the years 1 108 to 1272,
we learn that the preparations were on a truly royal scale. Besides the
thousands of hens, hundreds of swine, hares, and partridges ; scores of
swans, cranes, peacocks, and pheasants; the * brawns,' without which no
mediaeval feast was complete, and * salmon calewar' from Cumberland and
Newcastle, commanded by writ from Windsor; herrings by the last;
* haddoc, congres,' and other fish, in thousands, were ordered to be bought
at Scarborough. The seneschals of Galtrees and other forests were
commanded to send hinds, does, boars, swine, and roes, by the hundred
to stock the royal larder at York. And the consumption of wines
amounted to no less than 132 casks, costing the then enormous sum of
;;^22i, 8s. 8d., in addition to what was supplied from the royal cellars.
Besides this profusion of meats and drinks, the adornments of the body
were not forgotten. The * philosophy of clothes* as regards outward
splendour was well understood in thosQ days; and one cannot read
without interest of the robes of samite trimmed with ermine and miniver
for the royal parents of the bride ; the * queyntisis,' or quaint devices of
violet sarnite, with the three leopards embroidered both on front and
back, for Henry himself; the robes of cloth of gold with maunches; the
tabards of the same precious stuff, with leopards of golden skin and other
most quaint devices in plenty, to be worn at church by the youthful Prince
Edward and his three attendant knights ; of the fair sword with silken
scabbard ; the ' precious couch,' and gilt spurs for his knighthood, given
to the young bridegroom. We know less about the bridal attire than we
could wish, for, most unfortunately, the * schedule of certain things'
enclosed with the writ commanding the Treasurer and Edward of
Westminster, who seems to have been the court jeweller, to lay out 200
marks for the princess, is lost as irrecoverably as the king^s numerous
verbal instructions. But the two fair saddles and ornate reins, and two
more with scarlet * sambucas ' and many jewels, the rich and precious
couch similar to her husband's, the ten cloths of gold * to take to Scotland,*
the green robes for her maidens, the robe of scarlet and miniver for her
lady of honour, the gold and silver cups and vases and posnet, fermails
and rings * of price ' given to the bride, are all recorded. The interests of
religion were amply provided for, as the ecclesiastical antiquary will see in
a list of the ornaments of the chapels of the bride and her brother
Edward, and their cost charged on the Irish revenues. The poor of
York were remembered — a pleasing feature in the pageant — the king's
almoner being empowered to distribute cloth and boots, the price of both
carefully specified. Precious cloths were given in the form of robes to
stranger knights ; costly jewels to the shrine of St. Edward ; a chaplet to
the queen-mother of Scotland ; and an ouche to Earl Patric, the only
noble recorded as so honoured. The event took place, as we have said,
on the morrow of Christmas 1251, and on the following day Henry bound
himself to pay, as his daughter's ^ maritagium^ the sum of five thousand
marks within four years from Easter next thereafter. The dowry was
certainly small contrasted with the splendour of the marriage festivities,
and the fact that Henry gave thirty thousand marks to his sister, the
Empress of Germany. What was still worse, it was not paid for many
years, notwithstanding repeated applications by Alexander. However,
the two royal children, for they were nothing else, were despatched with

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all honour to Scotland, the king pardoning a number of outlaws on the
occasion, and the Sheriff of Northumberland being commanded to make
the Scotch king New Year's gifts at Newcastle. Frequent messages and
letters passed between Queen Eleanor and her child ; and one sees the
loving parent's maternal care in the * three veils and three yellow hoods *
sent to Scotland to shield the little queen from the northern blasts.
Turning our attention to the preparations for the combined Christmas and
nuptial festivities, we find that the first instructions were issued by the
king himself from Windsor on the 28th of October 1251, when the Sheriff
of Lincoln is commanded to buy for the king's use, 1000 hens, 300
partridges, 30 swans, 20 cranes, 25 peacocks, 50 pheasants, 50 rabbits,
and 300 hares, against the next Christmas, and send them to York, so as
to be ready on the third day before that feast; and the king, on learning
the cost, will allow it. Similar writ to the Sheriff of York fbr 3000 hens,
50 partridges, 60 pheasants, 20 cranes, 30 swans, 30 peacocks, 100
rabbits, 400 hares, 200 swine, and 20 brawns with heads. Similar writ
to the Sheriff of Northumberland for 100 swine, 1000 hens, 500 partridges,
30 pheasants, 15 peacocks, 15 cranes, 15 swans, 100 rabbits, 300 hares,
and 15 brawns. Similar to the Bailiffs of Lincoln for 10 cranes, 10 swans,
10 peacocks, 30 pheasants, and — partridges. Similarly to the Sheriff of
Lancaster for 100 swine, 300 partridges, 40 pheasants, 20 cranes, 15
swans, 20 peacocks, 100 rabbits, 300 hares, 1000 hens, and 20 brawns.
Similarly to the Sheriff of Cumberland for 1000 hens, 300 partridges,
20 cranes, 15 swans, 20 peacocks, 40 pheasants, 50 rabbits, 15 brawns,
50 salmon *calewar' (Halliwell defines *calivered' as 'prepared in a
peculiar manner'); these salmon to be put Mn pane.' Similarly to the
Mayor and Bailiffs of York for 10 cranes, 10 swans, 40 pheasants, and 200
partridges. Similarly to the Bailiffs of Newcastle-upon-Tyne to buy 30
salmon calewar to put in pane. On the i8th of November, the King
being at Feckenham, commands the keepers of his wines at York to
deliver of the better sort to Robert de Montepessolano, two casks of
white wine ^ ad gartrtofilatium^ (to make gilliflower wine), and one cask of
red wine to make claret thereof, for the King's use, against the instant
Christmas ; and Robert is commanded to hasten to York and make the
said gartriofilatium and claret, as he is wont in past years. On the 25th
of November, the King, being at Derby, orders the seneschal of the forest
of Gaultrees to provide 200 does, and have them at York for the King's
use by Christmas instant. On the next day, the King, being at Nottingham,
again writes to the seneschal of Gaultrees forest commanding him to take
there 50 roes for the king's use and deliver them to the Sheriff of York, to
be ready there three days before Christmas instant. Likewise to the
seneschal of Langwath forest to take therein 50 hinds and 50 roes, and
deliver them to the Sheriff of York ; and William de Ireby is commanded
to aid in taking them. But this particular writ is returned as * cancelled,'
as they took nothing in the forest. Later in the day, the seneschal of
Gaultrees is commanded to take 100 hinds, and boars and swine to the
number of 100, and deliver them to the Sheriff of York, to be carried
there by Christmas; and William de Ireby is ordered to aid in their
capture. On the same day the King directs the Sheriff of Cumberland to
receive 200 hinds which Geoffrey de Langley, the Justiciar of the forest,
will deliver to him, and salt them well, and carry them to York, so as to
be in the King's larder there at latest on Thursday next before the feast

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of the Lord's Nativity. On the 28th of November, the King, being still
at Nottingham, directs the Sheriff of York to receive 150 hinds and too
boars and sows, which the Seneschal of the King's forest of Pickering will
deliver to him ; and 50 roes which the Seneschal of the King's forest of
Galtrees will deliver to him ; and 50 hinds and 50 roes which the Seneschal
of the King's forest of Langwath will deliver to him ; and carry them to
York against the instant feast of the Lord's Nativity, to be delivered to
Stephen Bauzan and others whom the King has sent there to make
provision ; and to have them ready there on the third day before the said
feast. From another source we learn that the Archbishop of York about
this day sent the King a present of sixty fine fat oxen for the purposes
of the feast, and that they were duly delivered to the said Stephen Bauzan.
The next day the King directs the Sheriff of Nottingham to cause the 27
bucks he has in his custody, which were delivered to him by Baldwin de
Paunton, to be carried forthwith to York and delivered to the keeper of
the King's larder, by tally. On the ist of December the King directs the
Sheriff of Northampton to cause all the venison received by him for the
King's use, both from the King's forest of Rockingham and elsewhere, to
be carried forthwith to York and delivered to the keepers of the King's
larder there, by tally, against the instant feast of the Lord's Nativity.
Three days later the King sends William his fisherman to fish in the
King's vivary of Fosse against the instant Christmas, directing the Sheriff
of York to permit and aid him with advice, and to keep the fish caught,
safe in some stew {stuo) against the King's arrival. On the 7th of
December the Bailiffs of Newcastle-on-Tyne are commanded, notwith-
standing the King's command elsewhere for 30 salmon *calewar,' to send
200 salmon to York by Christmas; and on the 12th, the King, being still
at Nottingham, directs his Bailiffs of Scarborough to buy forthwith there
five lasts of good herring, 1000 'mulwelle (mullets?), 10,000 'haddoc,'
and 500 ' congres,' and send them to York against the instant feast of the
Lord's Nativity. On the 15 th the King commands the keeper of Gaultrees
forest to allow Alexander, King of Scotland, to hunt when passing through
the same, and to have what he takes. On the 20th of December, the King,
being at Thorpe, commands the keeper of Langwade Forest to take as many
roes as he can, and send them to York by Christmas. And Richard de Murers
is commanded to assist him with hounds, bows, nets, and all other engines he
can bring. On the 5th of January 1252, writs were issued to the Treasurer
and Chamberlains for payment to the following merchants of wines : —

Bartholomew of Winchelsea,

17 casks of wine.

£zi

Arnold de Camaide,

4 do. do..

William Gaillarde,

II do. do..

Bartholomew de Dune,

33 do. do.,

John de Bayne,
William Frenkel,

16 do. do..

20 do. do..

William de Cambern',

4 do. of French wine,

Jaket of Rouen,
Elyas de Beaumont,

2 do. do..

15 do. do.,

Ralf de Treuville,

7 do. do..

Hugh of Allerton,

3 casks of wine,
[132]

[;£22I

_8^

All the above wine was bought for the King's use by the hands of

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Robert de Dacre at York, against the late, feast of the Lord's Nativity
On the same day the King by writ to the Barons of Exchequer ordered
allowance to Robert de Creppinges, Sheriff of York, in the farm of the
county, of ;^ii, 4s. laid out by the King's precept on 119 swine, bought
for the King's use against the feast of the Lord's Nativity; also of
;^9, 17s. 8d., laid out as above on 1992 hens bought for the same feast ;
also of 1 1 OS. 4d., expended by him in the carriage of the King's wines and
discharging same. Orders were also issued for the payment to Robert de
Lathun, Sheriff of Lancaster, in the farm of the county, of ;^io, 17s. 6Jd,
laid out by him as above, for 102 swine and carrying them to York. Also
of 42s. laid out by him for 424 hens bought for the King, and their
carriage to York for the said feast. A similar writ for allowance to
William Heirun, Sheriff of Northumberland, in his county farm, of
jQiOy 15s. laid out by him on 100 swine and their carriage to York for
said feast. On the 15th of the same month there was issued a similar
writ for allowance to Robert le Vavasur, Sheriff of Nottingham, in the
issues of his county, of 14s. laid out by the King's precept in carriage of
89 boars and sows from Nottingham to York, against the late feast of the
Lord's Nativity ; and 2s. 4d. expended by the same authority in salting
27 bucks, taken by Baldwin de Panton in Shirewood forest, and delivered
by him to said Sheriff to be salted. It is satisfactory to observe that the
poor were not forgotten, for on the ist of December 1251, the King
enjoins his Baihffs of York to cause friar Roger, the King's almoner, to
have in the city of York, against the instant feast of the Lord's Nativity,
500 ells of cloth, price of the ell, 7d. or 8d. at most; and 165 pairs of
boots, the price of each pair of one part to be 4jd. ; of each pair of the
second part, sd. ; and of each pair of the third part, 5 Jd. ; for distribution
among the poor, to be ready for Roger by the Thursday next before said
feast. And on the 31st of the same month the King, at the instance of the
King of Scotland, on the occasion of the marriage, pardons a number of
persons outlawed for murders and other crimes. Peter Chaceporc, the keeper
of the King's wardrobe, was also commanded to include in the King's
wardrobe about to arrive at York at Christmas, as much scarlet and other
precious cloth as will make ten or twelve robes for stranger knights coming
to the said feast. On the 21st of November, Edward of Westminster [the
King's jeweller], is commanded to procure with all haste a fair sword,
with * scauberg ' of silk, and silver pommel, well and ornately covered, and
a fair belt attached, so that the King may have it at York in order to
decorate Alexander, King of Scotland, with the knightly belt {cingulo
fniiitari)^ at the instant Christmas. The said Edward is also commanded
to have made without delay a pair of silver gilt spurs, with silken ligaments
becomingly and ornately made, so that the King may have them at York
at Christmas instant for the use of the said King of Scotland. William
de Haverhulle and Edward of Westminster were also commanded to have
made without delay for the use of Margaret, the King's daughter, two fair
and becoming (decentes) saddles, viz., one with a silken ' sabutus,' and the
other with a scarlet * sabutus,* with ornate and becoming reins, and other
things fitting ; that the King's daughter may have them ready at York on
the instant Christmas. The instructions to Roger the tailor, and others,
respecting the preparation of the royal wardrobes, are very full and interest-
ing, though somewhat marred by numerous verbal orders, and the loss of

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the *cedula' enclosed with the precept issued by the King on the 8th
November 1251. The King also provided all the ornaments for his
daughter's chapel, viz., one pair of silver basins, chalice, two phials, books,
vestments, tunic, dalmatic, double chasuble, viz., a * festival and a ferial
one,' and all other ornaments. And in April 1252, he commanded his
Treasurer and Chamberlains of Ireland, to pay to Adam de Basing, citizen
of London, or his messenger ;;^87, 13s. 7d., for a broidered chasuble, and
other two chasubles of silk of divers colours, a broidered cope, and other
five copes of silk of divers colours, two pairs of tunics and dalmatics of
divers colours, two pairs of broidered apparels, with stoles, 'fanulis,'
anieces, * poingnells,' and * lamballes,' and a third pair not broidered, and
one border of orphrey for the altar; and for five albs, six surplices, two
rochets, and six towels given by the King to the chapel of the King's
daughter, Margaret Queen of Scotland.

J. A. Sparvel-Bayly, B.A.

634. Public Records (viii. 172, ix. 26, 79). — It would be quite
possible to print in The Index Library Calendars of Scottish Documents
preserved at Edinburgh or elsewhere, in similar style to the other
Calendars already appearing therein.

If the names of from 50 to 60 fresh subscribers interested in such
calendars could be got, a Scottish series would be at once started, and in
return for the annual guinea subscription they would not only get some
eight sheets (128 pages) of matter of interest to themselves, but also the
other Calendars, etc., relating more particularly to England, that already
are appearing in The Index Library,

I shall be glad to hear from any one on the subject, and to know
which Calendars it would be most desirable to print

Names of intending subscribers will also be received by the Editor of
The Scottish Antiquary. E. A. Fry.

172 Edmund Street, Birmingham.

635. Birth Brieve of Mr. David Nairne, 1687. — Documents have
been sent to us which we think worth presenting to our readers in extenso
— not that they will prove by any means light reading, but they explain the
means taken by Scotsmen, who settled abroad, to prove their gentle blood.
We have alluded (vol. iv. p. 86) to the birth brieves existing at Aberdeen,
which seem to have been granted by the city authorities, and we have met
with a case where the clerk of a small but old royal burgh granted a * bore
brieve,' and certified the * seize quarterings ' of a neighbour who had gone
to Sweden. The descent as given was, there can be little doubt, im-
aginary. In the papers printed below we have, however, a specimen of
genuine and trustworthy work.

Such papers may exist in the Lyon Office, or may lie hid in family
charter-chests, but their rarity is our chief excuse for inflicting this one, with
all its tedious verbiage, on our long-suffering readers. In anticipation of
some grumbling, we will promise not to repeat the offence. The papers
have been kindly lent us by Mr. James Ronaldson Lyell, i Carlung Place,
Edinburgh. Ed.

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119

Pi *^

Q **
*^*
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X o

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(I4

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1 20 The Scottish Antiquary ;

11.

Endorsed: *Testificat of the Genealogie or pedigree of Mr. David
Naime.' 1687.
We underscribers as being Representees and nearest relations of the
respective families aftermentioned By these presents Testifie and declair
to all and sundrie C[m it does or may concern and speciallie to the right
honourable the Lords of his maties most honourable privie councell and
to his mSties Lyon King of Armes that Mr. David Nairne is

second LawU son procreat betwixt Sir Thomas Nairne of Sandford and
Mrs. Margaret Barclay which Sir Thomas was eldest la^U son procreat'
betwixt Allex' Nairne of Sandford and Mrs. Penelope Mathew which
AUex' Nairne was LawU son to George Nairne of Sandford and Beatrix
Martin Lawll daughter procreat betwixt Thomas Martin of Lathens and
Heriat daughter to Ramornie which George Nairne was
La^ll son to George Nairne of Sandford and Barbara Ramsay Daughter
to Breckmont and which Mrs. Penelope Mathew father's mother to the
s** Mr. David Nairne was La^U daughter procreat betwixt Edward Mathew
of Esquire in the kingdome of England and Penelope Hervie

Lai^U daughter to Ralph Hervie of Esquire and Maud Shaltoune

daughter to Mr. Christopher Shaltoun also of England and which
Edward Mathew was LawU son to Richard Mathew of London Esquire
and Ann Baverley daughter to Anthony Baverley Esquire and that the
said Mrs. Margaret Barclay mother to the said Mr. David Nairne was
la^U daughter procreat betwixt Sir David Barclay of Colamie and Dame
Leslie which Sir David was lafvU son procreat betwixt Sir
David Barclay of Colarnie and Mrs. Balfour lawll daughter to

James Lord Burghley and who was son to Sir James Balfour of Mount-
quhannie and Mrs. Margaret Balfour only daughter and heiress of
Balfour of Burleigh and which last Sir David Barclay was lawll son to Sir
David Barclay of Colamie and Mrs. Elizabeth Weems daughter to Sir
John Weems of that ilk now Earl of Weems and which Dame
Leslie mother's mother to the said Mr. David Nairne was la^ll daughter
procreat betwixt Patrick Leslie Lord Lindores and Lady Jean Stewart
daughter to Patrick Earle of Orkney base son to King James y^ 5th of
Scotland and Lady Jean Kennedy, daughter to Gilbert Earl of Cassills
descended of the Royall family by her mother and which

Patrick Lord Lindores was lawU son to Andrew Earle of Rothes and
Lady Isabella HamUtone daughter to Sir James Hamiltone of Evandale
all which wee the fomamed persones for our severall and respective
interests in the families above mentioned doe attest and we doe heirby
declair the aforsaid Genealogy to be the true pedigree and descent of the
same Mr. David Nairne. And in testimonie therof we have subscribed
these presents with our hands this present yeir 1687.

Nairne of S. foord Margaret Rothes Hamiltone

Ar: Makgill of Kemback

mar on Janet Ramsay heirin Margaret Wemyss CassiUs

of Brachmont

Robert Heriot of Gordon tutor to Colarnie Lindores

Ramorny Burghlie

Balfour.

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(Note overleaf.)

Edinburgh the 24th day of February 1687 That this is the Certificat
produced befor the Counsell in favoures of the within named Mr. David
Nairne and q'upon a birth breive is to pass by order of Counsell is
attested by me Sir William Patersone clerk of his mSties privy Counsell.

Will. Patersone.

III.

Endorsed : * Act and recommendation for expeeding a Birth breive in
favour of Mr. David Nairne.*

At Edinburgh the twentieth fourth day of Febry p vi and eighty
seven years. Anent a petition presented by Mr. David Nairne, shewing
that the petitioner haveing lived in France these sevall years by gone, and
being now resolved to settle yr, is desyrous to have a Birth breive pedigree
past under his MSties seall of this kingdome and to that end has prepared
ane ample certilicat of his descent under the sealls and subscriptions of
the persones of quality and gentlemen, who ar the representatives or
nearest relationes of the respective Families from qh he is descended as
the same y' produced does and therfor Humbly supplicating

that order and warrant might be granted in maner and to ye effect, and
The Lords of his Maties privy counsell having heard and
considered the forsd petition w* the testificat above mentioned y'w* pro-
duced doe herby grant order and warrant to the of his mSties
chan eerie, or y' deputes to exten the said birth breive to the petitioner in
dew forme, and recommend to the Lord High Chancellor to grant to his
Deput Keeper of the Great seall to append the same y' to

Eden' by me Will Patterone,

ClarS'Conc.
IV.

Jacobus Dei gratia, Scotise, Angliae, Francise, et Hiberniae, Rex,
fideiq defensor Universis et singulis Imperatori semper Augusto, Regibus
serenissimis, pontificibus pientissimis, principibus et Ducibus serenissimis,
civitatum Consulibus amplissimis, Necnon, omnibus prouinciarum,classium,
castrorS prgefectis summis, aliisq deniq cunctis, supremam vel subor-
dinatam quamcunq potentiam ubicun^ exercentibus, pietatis radiis et
virtutis gloria fulgentibus. Atq* caeteris quibuscunq patentes hasce
nostras Literas intellecturis. S. P. D. Quandoquidem summa et sedula
eorum quibus administratio Rei publicse est commissa cura et studium
esse debet, ut inculpatae probitatis sectatoribus, et de se bene merentibus,
debitus honos et prsemia promenta conferantur, et ut scelerum nequitia,
ihfames, contemptui et justis suppliciis subjiciantur. Nos quidem
hactenus, ne in his neglegentius providisse videremur, obnixe, quantum e
re nata fieri potuit dedimus et in posterim semper dabimus operam, ut
quacunq Generosi sanguinis praeclarive facinoris, a majoribus derivata
sunt jura et encomia, eadem apud posteros, nisi ipsi abintegritate
majorum suorum desciverint, quam longissima fieri possit serie, sarta et
tecta maneant. Quo, et ipsi postgeniti, stematis sui memores nihil
parentum amplitudine aut Integra fama, indignum committant, sed ad
parem accensi laudem, aliquam propria virtute nitoris accessionem,
claritudini majorum superaddant, et sic majori, vel conatu saltem, pari,
■proavoa semulati daros se patria alumnos et Regi suo, probos se cives

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122 The Scottish Antiquary ;

prestent« Atq ne quid de Gentis suas splendore culpa sua aut desidia
decedat, ingentibus votis et viribus invictis contencknt; Atque adeo
inde est, et merito quidem quod generis nobilitate, illustrem, et doctis-
simum virum, Dominum Davidem Nairn iilium secundo genitum,
Domini Thomse Nairn a Sandfoord equitis aurati (fidelis serenissimi nostri
patris, beatae memorise, in antiquo nostro Scotise Regno, Subditi)
natalibus, moribus amsenis et eruditione praeclarQ multis^ nobis nominibus
charissimum, hac nostra commendatione tanquam benevolentia tessera
exornare volumus. Num^ ipse, eximiae suae iidei Literaturae et fortitudinis,
multa et praeclara, qua domi, qua peregre, praesertim in Gallia, indicia us4
eo dederit, ut majorum suorum lumini, lucis suae accessione, non parum
addidisse videretur. Nos p.ariter veritati appertae atq honoribus et
muniis a majoribus nostris serenissimis, Scotorum Regibus, in illius
majores collatis, ex a quo et bono nostrum firmum testimonium quod ipsi
beneficii loco apud exteros, apud quos sedes suus posuerit, esse possit,
ab illustrissimis ejus consanguineis suppliciter rogati, baud denegare
voluimus. Post factum ita^ a prudentissimis et doctissimis viris quibus
id numeris demandatum est, diligenti inquisitionem de stemmate et
prosapia praedicti illustris viri, compertum est nobis Nos idcirco notum
ac certum facimus et manifestum esse publice testamur praedilectum civem
nostrum Dominum Davidem Nairn legitimum e legitimo thoro et
matrimonio ex utro(i parente illustri et generoso natum esse et ex
nobilissimis et admodum praeclaris familiis patemum et maternum genus
jam multis retro seculis traxisse ; Ut pote ortum praedicto patre illustri et
honorabili viro, domino Thoma Nairn, barone de Sandfoord equite aurato
(qui rei bellicae cupidus in Galliam dum adhuc juvenis Migravit, ibig[ apud
christianissimum Regem centurionis fortissimi officio et honore perfunge-
batur deinde adicto serenissimo patre nostro Carolo primo Britaniarum
Monarcha faelicissimae memoriae dificillimis temporibus revocatus, pro
Regia authoritate contra perduelles in Anglia subditos, adeo streune se
gessit, ut in ipsis castris Regiis dignitate equestri merito exomatus sit), et
Matre domina Margareta Barclay avo vero paterno, domino Alexandro
Nairn de Sandfoord (qui cubicularii ministri munus serenissimo nostro avo
Jacobi sexto beatissimae memoriae, perquam fideliter exequutus est) Avia
domina Penelope Mathew filia legitima domini Edwardi Matbew in
Anglia armigeri, et uxoris suae domina Penelopes Harvie, proavo domino
Georgio Nairn de Sandfoord, proavia Beatrix Martin filia Itima dfii
Thomae Martin, baronis de Lathons, et uxoris suae Catharinae Heriot
filiae Comarchae de Ramomie, Abavo domino Georgio Nairn, barone
de Sandfoord, Abaviae diia Barbara Ramsay filia ttima baronis de
Breckmont ; Dictus vero dominus Edwardus Mathew filius fuit legitimus
domini Ricardi Mathew armigeri Londinensis, et uxoris suae
dominae Annae Beverlay filiae legitimae domini Antonii Beverlay in
dicto nfo Angliae Regno armigeri, praedicta etiam domina Penelope
Harvie filia erat legitima d&i Raphaelis Harvie in Anglia armigeri, et
uxoris ejus dominae Matildae Shaltoun filiae legitimae domini Christopheri
Shaltoun nobilis Angli. Avo vero materno dno Davide Barclay de
Colarnie equite aurato ejusdem praenominis et tituli decimo sexto
(quorum singuli ob singula praeclara sua in Regum et Regni gloriam
patrata facinora serenissimorum nostrorum progenitorum gratia et favore
equitum auratorum nomen et honorem merito adepti sunt) et Avia dna
Issabella Lesly, proavo domino Davide Barclay de Colairnie equite

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or, Northern Notes and Queries. 123

aurato, proavia domina Marg^ Balfour filia legitima Jacob! illustris
domini de Burleigh, Comitiorum Regni baronis (et qui fuit filius legitimus
dni Jacobi Balfour comarchae de Montquhannie gentis suae phylarchse) et
uxoris suae dominae Margaretae Balfour unicae filiae et haeredis faemellae de
Burleigh. Ab avo Domino Davide Barclay de Colarnieet etium equiteaurato.
Abavia domina Elizabetha Weems filia ttima domini Johanino Weenies ab
eodem equitis aurati. Cujus posteri titulo comitis de Weemes ex ornantur.
£t quae quidem domina Isabella Lesly avia dicti domini Davidis Nairn ex
parte matris filia fuit legitima Pat. Lesly illustris domini de Lindores baronis
parliamenti et dnae Jeanna Stewart filiae Pat. Comitis orcadi et domina
Joanna Kennedy filia illustrissimi Gilbert! Comitis de Cassills in legitimo
matrimonio genitae qui quidem Gilbertus a Regali Regum Scotorum stem-
mate originem maternam traxit Patricium etiam Comes Orcadie filius erat
serenissimi principis, Jacobi ejus nominis quinti Scotie Regis, ac illustris-
simi nostri progenitoris. Et qui quidem Pat dnus de Lindores pater
aviae dicti domini Davidus Nairn, filius fuit itimus illustrissimi Andriae
Comitis de Rothes et uxoris suae dnae Isabellae Hamiltoun filiae timae dni
Jacobi Hamiltoun baronis de Evandale. Qui Omnes Legitimis nuptiis
copulati ex Itimis et ipsi thoris ex illustrissimis et vere nobilissimis
familiis oriundi fuere omnis generis et virtutis splendore claruore et a
serenissimis Scotorum Regibus decessoribus nfis ob praeclara sua in hostes
facinora et probatam in patriam fidem, magnis honoribus munus et
numeribus, ab omni ferme memoria jure et merito, omnes condecorati
famam suam tum sanguine puram et integram sine labe aut uUo contamine
ad posteros etiam adhuc superstites, majorum suorQ virtutQ aemulos trans-
missere; Quorum tenore vos omnes amicos nPos (sua qui^ servata
dignitate) juxta notos et dilectos rogatos obtestos^ cupimus, ut modo
laudatum Civem nostrum praedict Dominum Davidem Nairn ut in
omnibus nobis charum omnibus comitatis amoris et honoris officiis
prosequamini, parem vobis reposituros spondemus gratiam si ullam in
re ope nfa aut favore uti volueritis. Quae omnia sicut ex se vera sunt
et firma, sic etiam ut apud universos testatiora et certiora fiant et Cunctis
pro manfestis gnotescant non gravatim patentes nostros Libellos praedicto
Domino Davidi concessimus Quibus etiam ad plenam apud omnes fidem
faciendam sigillum nostrum Augustius appendi curavimus patim Edinburgi
Septimo die mensis Martii Anno a beatae viginis partu supra millesimum
sexcentesimum octogesimo septimo, Regni vero nostri tertio

Per actum dominorum secreti concilii.
On back — ' Scriptum ad magnum sigillum et registratum vicesimo quarto
die Martii 1687, per John Grahame.'

'Sigillatum apud Edinburgam vicesimo quarto die mensis Martii, 1687,
per James Hay.'

Endorsed — *Litera prosapiae Domini Davidus Nairne, 1687.*
Parchment measures 24 inches by 24 inches. No trace of seal or
ribbon.

Ane account of money given out in the expeding Mr. David Nairne
his birth brieve, 1687.

Imprimis for drawing ane bill to the secret counsell lib. sh. d.

ane doUer . . . . . 2 18 00

Item to the clarke with the bill . d 14 00

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124

The ScoHish Antiquary ;

Item for extracting ane act therupon, eleven dollers

to clarks and servants . • • .

Item to the director of the chancellarie
Item to the clarks and servants in the chancellarie

chamber .....
Item for registration of the brieve
Item for writting therof
Item for the great seall . .

Item, to usher ....

Item to the keeper of the great seall .
Item for ribbands to append the sealls
Item to my Lord Lyon
Item to his depute for waiting on this affaire and fill

ing up the genealogie and drawing of the brieve
Item to the herald painter
Item to two heralds for subscribing with the Lyon

4 dollers .....
Item to the painter's servants
Item for parchment ....

30 18 00
60 00 00

33 06 08

II 12 00

17 08 00

120 00 00

40 00 00

23 04 00

32 19 00

66 13 04

69 00 00
132 GO 00

II 12 00

5 16 00
5 16 00

Endorsed — 'Account of Money
Nairne his birth brieve, 1687.*

debursed in expeding Mr. David

636. The Scots in Holland. — Mr. T. G. Law, the secretary of the
Scottish History Society, has kindly allowed us to reprint such parts as are
suitable to our purpose of his notice of Scots in Holland, which appeared
in the Scotsman^ May 31, 1894, to which we append an extract from the
eighth annual report of the Scottish History Society, which will show what
arrangements have been made to print the various documents now brought
to light :—

* At a meeting of the Council of the Scottish History Society held on
Tuesday at the Signet Library, the hon. secretary, Mr. T. G. Law, read a
report of his recent visit to the Hague and Rotterdam in search of inedited
materials for the history of the Scots Brigade in Holland. The field of
research is almost entirely untrodden, while the subject should un-
doubtedly be one of interest to all Scotsmen. Mr. Steven in his well-
known -^/>/^ry ^ '^^ ScoHish Church, Rotterdam, ^\xh\\%ht6. in 1832, re-
marks that " the regimental books which belonged to the Brigade are
preserved at the Hague." This is a mistake. There are no such regi-
mental books. The materials for the history have to be dug out from the
vast series of State papers preserved in the Royal archives — viz., from the
resolutions of the States-General, which begin with 1576, the resolutions
of the Council of State, which was practically the War Department,
beginning with 1585, and from the series of letters and requests or diplo-
matic correspondence. These volumes are often not indexed at all or
imperfectly indexed, and it is, therefore, not surprising that private indi-
viduals should have been baffled by the difficulties of the search. On the
other hand, our. own foreign series of State papers (including the Holland
correspondence) have not been calendared beyond 1577, and are not
likely to be for many years to come ; and in any case they could not
throw much light on the military details of the Scottish regiments. For
all official information regarding the organisation and internal history of

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the Brigade, we must, in fact, rely upon the State archives at the Hague^
and this information, judging from the transcripts already secured, pro-
mises to well reward the Society which has undertaken the task of bringing
it to light. Unfortunately there is little record of the first years of the
Brigade. We learn elsewhere that in 1575 Colonel William Stewart
received from the Prince of Orange a commission to serve with 300 Scots
in the War of Independence, and wrote to Lord Burghly for leaye to
transport arms and accoutrements from England, as there was a scarcity
of such commodities in Scotland ; and meanwhile three Scottish captains
were enlisting recruits north of the Tweed. In the following year there
were several companies of Scots under the command of Colonel Balfour;
and, indeed, the Scottish troops had distinguished themselves in the war
for some ten years before the records of the Dutch State papers fairly
begin. They begin, however, with some new and curious episodes.
Colonel Stewart, who apparently could not obtain all the arrears of pay
due to him, persuaded King James to issue in his favour Letters of Mark
in order that he might make compensation for himself by preying upon
the Dutch merchant ships. The States, naturally embarrassed by these
proceedings, sent (as the Dutch historian Meteren has briefly related)
embassies to London and Edinburgh to remonstrate. But here we have
the full reports of the Dutch envoys. They give an account of their
interviews in London with Walsyngham and with Elizabeth, and annex a
very characteristic letter of the Queen to King James, reproaching him
with the meanness of his conduct. Her Majesty, however, for reasons of
her own, succeeded in preventing the first embassy from going on to
Scotland. A second embassy arrived safely at Leith, and was afterwards
feasted " splendidly " by the Edinburgh Town Council on Sunday. Their
report of their conferences with Chancellor Maitland and the King, their
bafiiing of Colonel Stewart, their loss of the horses which they had brought
as presents to James, as well as the diplomatic correspondence relating to
the affair of the Letters of Mark, are delightful contributions to the
history of the time and our knowledge of the men. Yet of all this there
is not a trace in our Registers of the Privy Council, nor apparently in any
of our printed State Papers. Quite apart from several diplomatic incidents
of this sort, presenting features of interest to the general historian of the
nation, there are numerous relations, records, and statistics, fragmentary
and dry enough on the surface and when taken by themselves, but which,
pieced together by a skilful editor, tell a connected story of endurance,
valour, and great achievements which touch the very heart of the national
life. There are, moreover, frequent disputes and negotiations regarding
commissions and* appointments — whether they should come from the
Scottish King or the Dutch States ; petitions for pronK)tion and pay or
pensions for widows ; lists of oflScers, with the number men under their com-
mand, and their monthly pay ; appointments of chaplains for the several
garrisons ; notices of the arrival of fresh recruits ; details of a successful
attempt to organise a troop of Scottish cavalry ; letters and messages from
the King, who, after, as well as before, his accession to the English throne,
was continually intervening on behalf of his favourites, and some strange
passages in family history. Over and above their bearing on the military
history of the Brigade, these documents, therefore, promise to be of great
value to the genealogist and biographer. So much for the earlier papers,
roughly up to the year 1620, which are already in the hands of the

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126 Tlu Scottish Antiquary ;

Society. The documents relating to the later portion of the seventeenth
century cannot fail to be at least of equal interest For two centuries
Holland was Scotland's best military school. In that school had been
trained Dundee and General Mackay, the leaders on both sides of the
fight at Killiecrankie. For the conduct of the brigade on the field, and
for its fighting record, the historian must search the printed military
histories and the numerous contemporary narratives of sieges and battles.
Some few references to these may be found in the anonymous pamphlet
printed in London in 1794, entitled an Historical Account of the British
Regiments employed in the Formation and Defence of the Dutch Republic^
particularly of the Scotch Brigade, but here the narrator merely skims
the surface of the story, which, indeed, has yet to be written.

' For the regimental history of the eighteenth century, a fresh class of
documents come to our aid in the registers of baptisms and marriages
kept by the chaplains of the Brigade, and now preserved in the Stadthuis
at Rotterdam. These are better known and more accessible than the
archives at the Hague. But the Council of the Scottish History Society
has wisely taken measures to have them transcribed at once with a view
to their publication as an appendix to the more strictly military records of
the Brigade. They consist of four folio volumes, marked respectively
Murray's, Colyear's, Stuart's, and Mackay's regiment At the beginning
of the fourth volume there is the following note: — " Major-General
Mackay, in consequence of a representation which has been made to him
that the baptism registers of the regiment has been kept in separate books
by the Rev. Donald Bayne, Mr. Robt. Douglas, and Mr. Alex. Macaulay,
orders it to be transcribed into one, which may serve as an authentic
register for the future ; and he orders the commanding officers of the first
and second battalions, and the chaplain of the regiment for the time being,
to examine and attest the copy. — At Breda, 14th April 1769." Besides
the register of baptisms and marriages, these volumes contain list of com-
municants at specified dates and stations. By these indications the
regiments can be traced to Ypres, Toumai, Naraur, Courbrai, as well as
to Breda, Bois-le-duc, Bergen-op-Zoom, Deventer, Zutphen, Nimeguen,
and Arnheim. With the registers are interspersed accounts of collections
and donations to widows and orphans, and certains documents and re-
solutions of the Church in connection with the Brigade, the whole covering
the period from 1708 to 1782, and containing at a rough estimate about
3600 names.

* The Society is fortunate in having already secured for the editorship
of the work a thoroughly competent scholar, and as there will *be no
delay in prosecuting the necessary historical researches in Holland, and
gathering in the results, it will not be long before the whole available
material is in the editor's hands.' — Scotsman,

* Instructions have been given to Dr. J. Mendels, an historical scholar
of repute at the Hague, to examine and extract from the Resolutions of
the States General, the Resolutions of the Council of State, and other
collections in the public archives, all documents bearing on the organisa-
tion and history of the Brigade from the earliest period. The transcripts
already sent to us by Dr. Mendels carry the sources of this history from
about 1570 to 1680, and are more than sufficient to make a volume. A
second volume will probable be formed by the remaining papers at the
Hague. Meanwhile Mr. Leliveld, at Rotterdam, under the supervision

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or^ Northern Notes and Queries. 1 27

of the Rev. J. Irvin Brown, of the Scots Church, has forwarded complete
transcripts of the four folio MS. volumes preserved in the Stadthuis of that
city, and containing the registers of births, deaths, and marriages within
the Brigade, and other statistics compiled by the chaplains of the several
regiments from 1708 to 1782. These may form a volume apart. If only
on account of their genealogical value these registers should certainly be
made accessible to students in Scotland. The Dutch papers will in all
cases be accompanied with an English translation, and the whole will be
edited by Mr. James Ferguson, advocate.' — Zth Report of the Scottish
History Society,

637. Royal Arms of Scotland (vol. ix. p. 82).— Undoubtedly there
must have been some reason for the enactment of Feb. 20, 147J, but the
great seals of Scotland bear the double tressure flory counterflory from the
time of Alexander in.

Alexander III., 1249-85. Rev. the king on horseback bears a shield,
and the caparisons the same, lion rampant within a double tressure flory
counterflory. The seal of the Guardians of Scotland after the death of
Alexander iii., 1286-92, is even more marked, as the obv. has a large
shield only with the same bearings. Also on his privy seal rev. a shield
with double tressure.

John Balliol, 1292-96. The rev. the king bears a shield and the
caparisons having the same bearings as before. The obv. has a shield
on the sinister side of the king, but my cast is not good enough to show
if the double tressure be there or no.

Robert Bruce, first seal rev. bears it both on shield and caparisons,
so also does his second seal. He also has on his privy seal a shield with
a double tressure.

David iL, 1329-71. On rev. the shield and caparisons again show
it. His privy seal bears a shield with double tressure. And also the
forged seal of David 11. on rev. shows a large seal with same bearings.

Edward Balliol, 1332-55, has on obv. a shield on dexter side with
lion rampant. No tressure. On rev. the shield, the jupon, and the
caparisons show a lion rampant and a single tressure flory and counter-
flory, and this is the only case I can find, and the impression may have
been from a crushed example. His privy seal bears a shield with double
tressure.

Robert 11., 1371-90. Obv. the two shields are on each side of the
king, and the rev. the shield, jupon, and caparisons clearly show the double
tressure.

Robert iii., 1 390-1406. The same, the second seal the rev. the shield
only has the same bearings.

James l, 1406-1436, James 11., 1436-1460, and James in., 1460-1488,
each carry the double tressure same as Robert 11., so why the enactment
was made, as it appears to have been the universal custom from 1249 or
223 years, seems very odd. Henry A. Rye.

638. Parish Registers in Scotland {continued from vol. ix./. 92). —

Liberton, b, 1717, m, 1717, d. 1717.

Lintrathen, . ^. 1717, tn, i^it, d, 1783.

Lochwinnoch, . ., ^. 1718, w. 1718, d. None,

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128

The Scottish Antiquary;

Logie Coldstone, . ^•

Logie Pert, . ^.

Madderty, ^.

Maybole, ^.

Menmuir, ^.

Midmar ^.

♦Minto, ^•

*Mochrum, ^.

Moffat, ^.

Monkton and Prestwick, ^.

Monzie, ^.

Monzievaird, . ^.

Moonzie, ^.

Mordington, • ^.

Morham, ^.

Muirkirk, ^.

♦Muthill, ^.

Nairn, ^.

Nenthorn, ^.

New Cumnock b,

Newtyle, ^.

Oathlaw, ^.

Old Cumnock, . . ^.

OldMeldrum, . b.

Ordiquhill, ^.

Orphir, ^.

*Oxnam, . . ^.

Oyne, ^.

Parton, ^.

Pitsligo, ^.

*Pittenweem, . ^.

Portmoak, ^.

Portpatrick, . ^.

Premnay, ^.

Rathen, b.

Rathven, b.

Redgorton, b,

Roseneath, b,

Ruthwell, b.

St. Andrews (Lhanbryde), . . b,

St. Martins, . . b,

*St. Mungo, * . . . ^.

Shotts, ... . ^.

Slains, b.

Spynie, New, . b.

♦Stevenston, . . . ^.

Strathcathro, . . . ^.

Strachan, b.

Strathmiglo, . . . . b.

*Swinton, . . . ^.

Tain, b.

Terregles, b.

i6,

17,
01,

01,
17,
03,
20,

23»

02,
20,

13,

21,

12,
18,
04,

06,
15.
17,
04,

13,
04,
08,
00,
o3»
14,
20,

II,
01,
20,
18,

04,
16,
06,
22,

23»

01,

i3»

00,

07,
07,
II,
00,
09,
04,

19,
00,

19,
24,

m, 1716,
tn. 1717,
m. 1702,
m. 1 8 10,
m. 1704,
w. 17 18,
w. 1703,
m, 1720,
w. 1709,
m. 181 7,
m. 1700,
w. 1697,
m, 1741,
^. 1736,
///. 17 1 2,

^' 1739,
w. 1676,
m. 1705,
/«. 1702,
«i. None^
m, 17 16,
w. 1717,

w. 1737,
»!. 1752,
w. 1723,
tn, 1709,
w. 1700,
m. 1706,
^/. 17 14,
w. 1720,
m. 1692,
w. 1703,
m, 1720,
«. 1 7 18,
«. 1704,
tn. 17 16,
/«. 1764,
tn, 1722,
«f. 1807,
m. 1762,

fn. 1713,
M. 1700,
tn. 1705,
///. 1707,
»i. 1709.
nu 1 70 1,
»i. 1709,

»». i759»
»/. 17 19,
/». 1698,
m, 1808,
»i. 1792,

d. Notie.
d. 1717.
^. 1758.
d, Notte.
d. None,
d, Notu.
d. 1785.
d. Notu.
d. 1709.
d. None,
d. None,
d 1786.
d. None.

d 1745.
d. 1712.

d. 1773-

^. None,
d. None,
d. None.

d 1773-
d. 1720.
^. 1783.
d. 1748.
i/. 1783-
d. 1817.

^. I7S7-
^. 1706.

d. 1744.
^/. 1728.
d. 1685.
^. 1740.

^ 1783.
d, 1784.
^. 1770.
d. 1724.
^. 1769.
^. Notu,
d. 1773-

d 1712.
/^. 1702.
^. 1709.
d, 1707.
^. ^(?«^.
d 1747.

^/, None,
d, 1714.
^. 1697.
d. None,
d. 1792-

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or^ Northern Notes and Queries, 1 29

♦Tingwall, A. 1709, m. 16J95, d. 1740.

Tough, b. 1706, m. 1783, d. 1734.

Tullynessle, Forbes (and Keam), b. 1718, m. 1718, d. Nam,

Tyrie, b, 1710, «. 1711, ^. 1784.

Urquhart and Logie Wester, . ^.1715, «. 1 7 1 5, d, Noni,

Wamphray, . , , . b. 1709, m, 1751. d, 1751.

Whitburn, . b, 1719, m. 1732, . </. 1730.

Whitsome and Hilton, . ^.1724, «. 1782, 1^.1784.

Wick, b. 1701, m, 1703, d. None,

Watten, b, 1714, m. 1714, ^. None.

Yell, Mid and South, . ^.1723, m. 1800, ^.1740.

1726-17SO.

Abemethy and Kincardine, . b, 1737, m. 1737, d. None,

Anwoth, b. 1727, «. 1728, d, 1753.

Applegarth, . . ^. 1749, m, 1749, ^. 1749.

Ardrossan, , b. 1734, «. 1738, d. None,

Auchtergaven, . . ^.1741, «. 1742, d. None,

Avoch, b, 1727, m. 1727, d. None,

Ayton, b, 1743, m, 1745, d. 1800.

Balmaclellan, . , b, 1747, f/i. 1791, ^. 1791.

Blackford, .... /5. 1738, «. 1738, d. None,

Biggar, ^. 1730, m, 1806, //. iVi?«^.

Boleskine, with Fort-Augustus

or AbertarfT, , b, 1737, m, 1759, d. None,

Borgue, b, 1742, «. 1741, </. 1764.

Bressay b, 1737, m, 1766, //. 1786.

Buittle, b, 1736, w. 1737, d, 1789.

Caimey, ^. 1738, m, 1738, </. .Mw^.

Carlaverock, , , , , b, 1749, w. 1753, d, 1753.

Castleton, . .A 1749, m, 1759, ^. 1760.

Culsamond, . , b. 1735, »i. 1735, ^- i73S-

Cumbraes, .... ^.1730, /». 1782, d. None,

Dallas, b. 1742, «. 1749, //. 1775.

Dalserf, b, 1738, m, 1740, ^. 1740.

Dores, b, 1734, »i. 1734, d, 1753.

Dornoch, ^.1730, w. 1734, d. None,

Dreghorn, . /). 1749, m. 1749, d. None,

Dryfesdale, . , b, 1732, m, 1782, //. 1783.

Dunoon and Kilmun, i^. 1744, «». 1742, ^.1755.

Dunrossness, . . ^. 1746, w. 1746, d. None,

Eassie and Nevay, . //. 1728, f^v. 1728, d. None,

Feam, b. 1749, m, 1783, </. 1783.

Fintray, b, 1728, w. 1728, d, 1783.

Firth and Stennes, . . ^.1732, w. 1732, ^.1746.

Fodderty, . . . . <5. 1735, «. 1735, ^- ^TS^-

Fortingal), . ^. 1748, m. 1748, d. None,

Fraserburgh, . , b, 1733, m, 1750, </. 1764.

Girvan, b, 1733, m, 1783, </. 1762.

Glass, b, 1736, Mr. 1759, d. None.

Glassary, b, 1750, m, 1768, ^. A^^e.

VOL. 13L — NO. XXXV. I

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I30

The Scottish Antiquary ;

Glenholm, . . . ^ b, 1747,
Glenmuich, TuUich, and Glen-

gairn, ^. i744i

Golspie, h. 1739,

Graitney (or Gretna), . . b, 1730,

Greenock, New, . b, 1741,

Hobkirk, ^.1726,

Hoddam, . , b. 1746,

Hutton (and Corrie), b, 1745,

Inch, ^.1729,

Inverchaolain, . • ^- i737>

Johnstone, . 4 1734,

Keig, b. 1750,

Kilbucho, , b, 1749,

Kilfinan, 3. 1728,

Killearnan, , b, 1744,

Kilmartin, . . , b. 1747,
Kilmodan, . .3. 1737,

Kilmonivaig, . . • ^. 1730,

Kilmorich, . . . . ^. 1750,

Kilmuir, Easter, , b. 1738,

Kinclaven, . . ^. 1726,

Kingarth, . . . . ^. 1727,

Kinnethmont, . . ^. 1728,

Kirkconnel, . . . , b, 1742,

Kirkcudbright,. • ^- i743i

Kirkhill, ^.1726,

Kirkmichael, . . . ^. 1727,

Kirkpatrick Fleming, . . b, 1748,

Knockbain, . . . . ^. 1749,

Langton, ^.1728,

Latheron, . , b. 1740,

Leswalt, b. 1729,

Lethnott and Navar, ^.1728,

Lilliesleaf, . b. 1737,

Linton, ^.1732,

Lochlee, ^.1731,

Lochmaben, . b, 1741,

Lochranza, . . ^. 1732,

Lumphannan, . . 3. 1740,

Maryton, , . . ^. 1727,

Meigle, ^.1727,

Merton, . . , , b, 1729,

Middlebie, . . . , b, 1744,

Monzievaird (and Strowan), ^.1729,

Morebattle, . . 3. 1726,

Mortlach, . . ^. 1741,

Nigg, b. 1730,

Old Deer, . . . . ^. 1735,

Old Luce, . . ^. 1731,

Paisley Burgh, or Low, . b. 1738,

Penpont, /5. 1728,

m. 1784, d. 1783.

m,
m,
tn,
m.
m,
m.
tn.
m,
m,
m,
m,
m.
m.
m,
tn,
m.
tti,
tn,
tn.
tn.

744,
744,
730,
741,
808,
807,
746,

729,
761,

735,
753,
749.
779,
815,
746,
737,
795.
750,
783,
726,
tn. NotUy
tn, 1768,
tn, Notte,
tn. 1743,
tn, 1784,
tn. NotUy
tn.
tn.
tn.
tn.

VI.

tn.
tn.
tn.
tn.
tn.
tn,
m,
tn,
tn,
tn,
tn.
m.
tn.
tn.
tn.
tn.
tn.
tn.

755,
79i»
730,
755,
729,
751,
817,
818,

783,
765,
802,

740,
739,
732,
737,
744,
729,
726,

741,
730,
737,
731,
739,
ttt, Notu^

d, Notu.
d, Notu,
d. Notu,
d. 1741.
d, 1800.
d, Notu,
d. 181 7.
d, Notu,
d. Notu,
d, Notu,

d' 1753-
d, 1749.
d, Notu.
d, Notu,
d, 1746.
d, 1786.
d, Notu,
d. Notu,
d. 1783.
d, Notu,
d. 1768.
d, Notu,
d, 1783.
d 1783.
d, 1783.
d. None,
d. Notu.
d. Notu,
d, 1731.
d, Notu.
d. 1729.
d, 1750.
d, Notu.
d. Notu,
d 1783.
d, 1766.
d, Notu,

d 1755-
d, 1743.
d, 1728.
d, 1784.
d. Notu.
d. 1786.
d. 1727.
d, Notu.
d. Notu.
d. 1 77 1.
d, 1732.
d. Notu,
d. Notu.

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or. Northern Notes and Queries. 1 3 1

Polmont, b, 1729, m, 1731, d, 1737.

Reay, b, 1732, m. 1745, d. 1783.

Resolis, ^•17319 M- 174^9 ^- None,

Rhynie(and Essie), . . ^. 1740, m. 1741, ^. 1783.

Rosemarkie, . , b, 1744, w. 1739, ^- '775'

Rousay and Egilsay, . ^.1733, w. 1733, d. None.

Ruthven, . , b, 1744, m, 1744, </. 1744.

St Quivox and Newton-upon-

Ayr, ^- «735> »»• i735» d. None.

Saline, b. 1746, w. 1747, d^ 1747.

Sanday, b. 1735, «• i^»*> ^ None.

Stndsting and Aithsting, . . b. 1733, m, 1733, '^^ i733'

Sandwick, . . . b. 1728, m, 1727, </. A2?ii^.

South Ronaldshay and Burray, . b. 1749, m, 1784, ^. iV^rn^.

Stair, b. 1736, m. 1805, d. 1815.

Stoneykirk, . ^. 1744, m. 1744, ^. 1778,

Strachur, b. 1745, «r. 1753, d. None.

Stranraer, .... ^.1747, m. 1761, d. None.

Strathmartine, . . b. 1744, m. 1783^ ^. 1783.

Stronsay, b, 1743, w. 1801, d. 1801.

Tarbolton, . ^. 1730, m. 1782, ^. 1782.

Tynron, b. 1742, «. 1753, d. 1753.

Udny, b. 1744, m. 1776, </. 1783.

Urquhart and Glenmoriston, ^-17399 m- 17439 d. None.

Walls, etc., . ^. 1753, w. 1786, d. 1801.

Westray, ^-17339 »»• 1805, </. A^^m^.

Wigtown, , b. 1736, w. 1 73 1, d. None.

639. 'Marengo,' Napoleon's Charger. — A correspondence took place
last year in some Irish papers as to the nationality of Marengo, the favourite
charger of Napoleon. As the matter is of general interest, and we have
had additional information from F. P. CoUey, Esq., we do not hesitate to
find room for a short note. It has been generally supposed that 'Marengo'
was an Arab. This is not the case. ' Young Hidalgo,' which was his first
name, was a Wexford horse, bred by Annesley Brownrigg, Esq. of Annesley
Park, in that county. Mr. Brownrigg's grand-daughters are now alive ; they
still possess hairs pulled from Marengo's tail, which their grandfather used
for his violin bow. Marengo was foaled on Whit Monday, 1 796, his sire
was Hidalgo, his dam Vagary, his grandsire was the celebrated Eclipse.
Marengo was sixteen hands high, and perfectly white. He was sold
before 1800 to a French Officer for 100 guineas. Napoleon Bonaparte
owned him afterwards and used him as a charger, from Marengo in 1800
to Waterloo in 18 15, at this latter date he was nineteen years old. The
letters of Miss Brownrigg make it quite certain that this celebrated charger
was not an Arab, but a native of County Wexford, and that the date of his
birth was 1796. A. W. C. H.

640. PALiEOLITHIC MaN IN SCOTLAND : INCONTROVERTIBLE EVIDENCE

AT LAST. — For a good ten years, I have known the evidence of the
quondam existence of Palaeolithic man in this country to be indisputable ;
a very difierent statement from that which would imply that the evidence
had not been disputed. It has been all along, and will be disputed by

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132 The Scottish Antiquary ;

some for years to come. For some dispute the ^matter from prejudice,
some from ignorance, and some from sheer incapacity to appraise such
evidence as is adduced. Yet since I wrote my former paper in this
Magazine, less than a year ago, I have come upon evidence of, I believe,
quite an incontrovertible kind, which substantiates my former assertions,
and corroborates in a wonderful manner, the evidence of certain forms of
stones which I have derived from widely separated tracts of country^ and
declared to be of artificial, i.e, human origin.

The evidence of the stones was, I believe, before this last discovery,
from their geographical distribution, and their geological relations to sub-
strata, undeniable of the former existence of this ancient man in this
country ; but such evidence has received a tenfold strengthening in the
extraordinary circumstances of this last find. The whole matter had
better be stated briefly as it came about

Three years since I was called to some church duty at Clydebank, six
miles west of Glasgow. While walking with my cleriod host along an old
cart-rutted road I became interested in some stones which were strewn in
the ruts. A glance showed me that they had been gathered from the soil,
and I determined to visit them on a subsequent day. I did so, and found
among them several excellent specimens, of very rotten, i.e. highly oxidised,
whinstone, which I kept and exhibited among others at the Meeting of
the British Association in Edinburgh in 1892.

It so happened that I passed in the early summer of this year, several
times between Glasgow and Helensburgh. On these journeys I noticed
that a new railway-cutting was begun close by Dalmuir station. I at once
became interested, because the site of this new cutting was geographically
exactly that of the fields from which the stones near Clydebank in the ruts
of the old road were gleaned, only it was two miles further west

The navvies had hardly proceeded 50 feet in the new cutting, when I
began to make inspection of it ; and I was at once struck with a geological
feature in the section, the equivalent of which I had never seen before,
and was therefore interested, and also puzzled by it It was this : —

At the depth of two-and-a-half feet below the present surface of the ground
was a distinct line of stones, possessing geologically so unusual a character
that it was not easy to suggest a physical agency for their origin. They
did not represent a layer of coarse gravel, their mode of occurrence vetoed
this ; neither were they a collection of stones washed out of the under-
lying deposit ; they were too angular and of too general uniformity in size
for that ; I was greatly puzzled.

Their exact geological position was this: — they occupied an almost
level horizon at an average depth of three feet (the cutting extended east
and west), which three feet of superimposed material was distinctly a
vegetable soil — doubtless owing its abnormal thickness to the fact that it
lay at the foot of a steep hill which rises up to the north, and had been
built-up largely by the 'rainwash' from the same, during an unknown
period of time ; the accumulation at the hill-foot having been accentuated
since agriculture became an occupation.

At this average depth of three feet, the line or layer of stones rested
immediately upon stiff boulder clay, full of scratched and grooved stones
and boulders, some of great size.

As the excavation extended eastward, the layer of stones assumed a
yet more characteristic phase. At first it was a layer simply of somewhat

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sparsely scattered stones ; then there came actual breaks, where none at
all occurred, and then alternately heaps or accumulations; and then
indefinite layers, and finally, when about 150 yards had been completed,
a layer of some considerable area, recognising now its superficies, of a foot
or more in average thickness. There would, I am aware, have been little
in all this to attract the attention of any save a geologist ; but his interest
would certainly have been aroused by it But if he had no other than
stratigraphical views, even he would probably have seen nothing beyond
an opportunity of inventing a theory for the origin of such a peculiar
layer of stones. But the great and general angularity of these stones, with
the greater uniformity of size and freshness, than stones derived from the
underlying deposit could give, coupled with the fact of their being
composed much more uniformly of felstone rocks, were without any other
evidence, suggestive of an agent that cannot be correctly described as
either geological or physical.

When, however, the stones were examined one by one, and par-
ticularly when at the end of the 150 yards the definite thick layer was
reached, other phases of the inquiry came in as follows : —

(i) The angularity of the stones was unqueslionably artificial.

(2) Many of them were of intentional forms, in other words, weapons

or implements of utility.

(3) The flakes and chippings of these intentionally shaped stones

lay scattered all around them in great profusion.

In other words this dense layer of stones was representative of what
has been styled in South Britain and on the Continent a 'Palaeolithic
Workshop,' and such it was. It was the position occupied by that ancient
man on the then surface of the ground now covered by three feet of good soil.
There he sat and made his weapons and domestic utensils, often spoiling
and breaking specimens, which were cast down at his feet, where, with the
resulting d6bris of such operation, they remained deep below the reach of
the plough, and so undisturbed till to-day.

I have no scope here for further detail on this head, but must proceed
to the next phase of the matter.

As the navvies proceeded yet further eastward, the line of stones
gradually merged into a layer of black earth — a dirty, irregularly
occurring black mould at first, but assuming in the course of some
three or four yards, a deposit of a jet black aspect of very definite
proportions; a foot at least in thickness and clearly defined from the
deposit above and below.

This black earth had exactly the character and appearance of soot, it
soiled the hands in its wet condition in the most abominable manner.
There was not the slightest vestige of anything suggestive of what we
understand by cinders, but very small fragments of charred wood occurred
commonly in it. So utterly unlike any peat deposit was it, that I had
almost ignored the very mention of such suggestion. I made such
suggestion to myself, but it had to be thrown away as soon as made.
There was no indication whatever of fibrous tissue, except in the items of
the charred wood.

I did not at first realise the importance of this discovery ; nay, I was
so ready to believe such a find impossible in this country, that I was led
away from the actual meaning of it, by the discovery in it of what I believed
to be a piece of burnt tile or brick ; and upon that evidence I, for a brief

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134 ^^ Scottish Antiquary ;

space, concluded that my inductions were all wrong, and that I had simply
lighted upon a Roman fire-signal station ; the site of the discovery being
but a mile south of the line of the Roman Wall.

But the burnt tile turned out to be a tabular piece of burnt whin-
stone ; and then an examination of the contents of this black earth was
begun in earnest, with the following results : —

Out of the vegetable ashes, for that is what the deposit was, there came
sharp-edged stones, splinters and fragments, and some weapons and objects,
so far as one can judge, of domestic use. These are, many of them, burnt
to a bright brick red. This black deposit occupied exactly the same line
or horizon as the stones ; in fact, as I have already said, began among them
and gradually assumed its own individual character, and then after an
extension of fully thirty feet, it passed away in another but very indefinite
layer of stones.

This was unquestionably^ a * Palaeolithic Fire-place.* The * workshop '
upon which we first came, and which immediately led into the remains of
a fire, was the natural position for these ancient workers in stone to ply
their avocation — it was by or on their own hearth-stone.

It was indeed a wonderful discovery ! in no sense as associated with
the discoverer, for he never dreamed of looking for anything of the
kind; but wonderful, in its bearing upon the question of the actual
quondam existence in Scotland of this Palseolithic man ; wonderful in the
perfectness of the picture, which the whole, as a piece of real evidence,
brings before us; wonderful in its preservation, and in the explicitness
and tangibility of its testimony.

But alas ! how much of its value is lost ? The very site of it is now
represented by a deep wide space hollowed in the Boulder Clay. I did
my best, as I have done for eleven years in Scotland (for twenty-six years
altogether in this piece of research) ; I paid no fewer than thirty-five visits
to the spot while it was being excavated, i,e. obliterated. I tried
in vain to interest some local people in the matter. I could with difficulty
afford even the short, but repeated, railway journeys. I ought to have
been able to afford the making of some arrangement with the contractor,
for either, the thorough examination of the whole of this interesting site,
or to have had the material removed for future careful search. But with
almost every educated man's hand, guided by the false assumptions of
many years, against me, my only plan was to do my best, which I can
honestly say I did, to collect and preserve as much evidence as possible
against the barbarously destructive efforts of nearly one hundred navvies.

But I did at length find strong sympathy and help in several members
of the Glasgow Geological Societies, and also in two local gentlemen and
an old friend in Perth, to whom I hope to make more special reference
in a more elaborate description of this Dalmuir find.

The value of this evidence comes out in a variety of ways : —

I. In corroboration : — Many of the specimens discovered in the so-
called workshop bear out in an almost wonderful way, the evidence of
certain stones, collected (some of them) eleven years ^go ; and which I
declared to be of human origin, both in their forms and in their distribu-
tion, and which had not been corroborated by subsequent finds since.
These were, however, exceptional forms, — the commoner have found here
remarkable corroboration, with some striking negations which I cannot
here dwell upon.

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or. Northern Notes and Queries. 135

2. In human association : — ^The collected stones, with the accumulation
of mechanically produced refuse near the ' fire-place,' presented to us in
the three-fold features of {a) artificial fracture^ (b) design inform^ and {c)
the chippings from the work.

This would alone have been evidence of, to say the least, great
importance, and such as I scarcely hoped ever to come upon. But for
such evidence to be associated with the remains of a fire, and that of no
tentative character, such as an accidental forest-fire, for instance, could
have produced, but of a fire that must have been kept burning for a
considerable space of time; for, a foot of compressed vegetable ashes
must represent a vast mass of unbumt woody tissue, means that that
fire must have been artificially maintained, and therefore by a human
agency.

If we add to this the occurrence throughout the whole thickness
of the ashes, the same sharp angular stones and weapons, etc., that
characterise the adjoining 'workshop,' the human association is surely
complete ! We cannot separate the ashes from a human agency, nor can
we the contents of such ashes. If these contents are a counterpart of the
split and shaped stones which occurred in collected form, in immediate
association, these must be humanly associated also ; and if these forms
are a repetition of those which I have collected from many other parts
of the country, because of the very attributes which they possess here,
is not the human association of the whole established beyond a doubt ?
Possibly, nay probably, not so with some, in which cases I refer apolo-
getically to the opening lines of this paper.

The accompanying reproduction of photograph (p. 136), represents the
site of the 'fireplace ' when the excavation had nearly reached its northern
limit. The band of black earth is under the light strip upon which the
hammer is resting. It does not, however, come out in photograph with
anything like the contrast with the surrounding earth, which it actually had
in nature \ for, as the photographer expressed it, the photographic value qf
the reddish-yellow earth above and below it, was not greater than the wet
black ash-band. But the black sooty material is very strikingly brought
out on the slope below the position of the hammer. It lies there as
I and several scientific friends left it, after digging it out from the bank
and allowing it to roll down the sloping earth. The big boulder is in the
midst of it, with stones picked from the ashes on its top. It may be
noticed that below the big boulder the lighter coloured earth is seen in
great contrast, as it is also beyond the position of the head of 'the parson,'
beyond which point the black deposit has thinned out of existence. The
quantity of this sooty material on the slope gives an idea of the tangibility
of the deposit itself.

The implement illustrated (p. 137) is a remarkably fine specimen of a
Palaeolithic, or as these will probably have to be styled ^ pre-palceolithic^
weapon. It is as remarkable in the excellence of its form and workmanship
as it is in its preservation. It is of trap rock, highly oxidised, and ancient in
appearance, but it is as perfect as when it left the hands of its fabricator.
Its point is roughly diamond in section, is a clever production ; and, used
in the hand, or affixed to a withe, ue, twisted stick handle, would be an
awful weapon. The illustration, photographed and etched from the
object by my son (of Messrs. Smith & See), is of the actual size. It is the
most striking specimen from the whole site, and was exhumed from the

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136

The Scottish Antiquary ;

black ash in the presence of three other scientific gentlemen and myself,
by Mr. J. B. Wise, a good mineralogist and chemist, at the very time the
photographs were taken. It is, however, but one among a large collection

from this site. I am indebted for the photograph to the kindness and
interest of two gentlemen of scientific tastes, the Messrs. Goodfellow.

With the Editor's permission I may perhaps add here the statement,
that plates are now in preparation to profusely illustrate an account of the
whole piece of research, begun twenty-six years ago in East Anglia, and

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or. Northern Notes and Queries. 1 37

carried on for the last eleven years in Scotland, with the culmination of

this splendid find at Dalmuir on the banks of the Clyde. The ms. also is
almost ready for the printer. Frederick Smith,

Rector, St. Luke's, Glasgow.

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138 The Scottish Antiquary.

641. Mottoes, etc, in Old Registers. — Mr. Renwick, in the
Preface to his recently published volume — Abstracts of Protocols of
Glasgow — refers to the * moral maxims and precepts,' written in the last
page of the first Protocol Book of Wilh'am Hegait, 1547-55, and gives one
or two interesting specimens. This practice of utilising the fly-leaves of
registers for pious reflections was continued by notaries long after the
Reformation, when, of course, they were no longer servants of the Church.
I subjoin a few examples collected from the Stirling registers : —

From the Protocol Book of John Mushet, 1582-1586 —
* In my defence God me defend.'

From the Protocol Book of John Williamson, 1590-1595 —
' Deus superbis resistit humiUbus dat gratiam.'

From the Town Council Records, 1619-1658 —

*Aspiret coeptis, Jesus.*
' Si tibi copia si sapientia formaq. detur
Sola superbia destruit omnia si comptecur.'
' Concordia res parua crescunt
Discordia maxima dilabuntur.'

From the Protocol Book of Alexander Barclay, 1620-1642 —

' In tyme of neid rune thou with speid,

Unto the louing lord,
Who will indeid send me remeid
According to his word.'

Alexander Barclay, [The Notary],

* In my defence God me defend.
And bring my souU to ane gud end.'

Henry Kennedy, [The Notary's Clerk].

From Register of Bonds (Burgh of Stirling, 1690) —

' In my beginning God me speid.'
* Let no corrupt communication spread out of thy mouth.'

From Register of Bonds (Stirlingshire, v. y.)—

* In my beginning God me speid
In grace and vertew to proceid.'

It was in the Protocol Book of John Mushet that I discovered the
fragment of an old Scottish ballad which was published in the Scotsman
some years ago, but may be appropriately repeated here.

Ane Bailande.

I heard ane lord fytlie lament

In prison q'^ he lay so longe.
Into ye my**® god aboue

So sor making his mone.

Lord comfort me my havie heart

Relif me of my paine
Then hertfulie to God I pray

Receve my sovl in heavin.

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Stirling.

OTy Northern Notes and Queries. 1 39

Sume tyme I was a lord indeid

And counted of that name,
But now I laiy in prisone
John Sor mwrning my alane. Mureheid.^

Now haue I bein in prison stroung

Thre quarters of a zeire,
And all the ministers of edimburgh toune

They cam me neuer neir.

Quhil it fel anes vpon a day

My destineis to drie,
And the ministers of edimburgh

The came and wisited me.

God nor I head beine in france,

God gif I had bein in spaine
God gif I head bein in appeil girth

Tho* I cam neuer againe.

But woe is fortone dred mischance

This day hes falet me
And is my

W. B. C.

642. Alexander Nisbet the Herald. — Messrs. Ross and Grant, in
their valuable work Alexander Nisbefs Heraldic Plates^ give in the In-
troduction an account of his life and works. They state (p. xxix.) that in
1699 he issued proposals for a publication of his Treatise of Herauldry,
The Bishop of Edinburgh lately purchased an old book in which several
slips of old newspapers were inserted as markers, on examining these and
putting them together they proved to be fragments of The Edinburgh
Gazette^ 'from Friday December ist to Munday December 4th 1699,' and
contains the following advertisement. This he has kindly sent to us for
insertion.

'That Mr. Nisbet, having Received Encouragement, from many
Noblemen, Gentlemen and Royal Borrows, for Pubh'shing his Book
entitled A Treatice of Herauldrie^ Speculative and Practical \ Lest there be
any who has not yet had Information of the Author's Design ; He Therefor
desires all Noblemen, &c. to send him the Genological Accounts of their
Families, and Armorial Bearings, Instructed by Charters, Seals and other
Documents, that he may cut and insert them in his Book, which will be
put to the press in a short Time. That such Noblemen, and others, who
have received Proposals and Receipts from Mr. Nisbet, for getting Sub-
scriptions, are desired to return them, that he may know whom he is to
make Mention of, conform to the 3d. Condition of his Proposeal. That
any who will show to the Author any Charters Seals or other Pieces of
Antiquity Relating to Herauldrie older than the 13th Century, or any of
the Writings of the Learned Mr, Thomas Crawford sometimes Professor
of Philosophie at Edinburgh, shall have them returned, and Honourable

^ Clerk to the notary and copyist of the ballad, which must have been a long one, as
the pa^e is divided by a line down the middle, and the fragment occupies about a half
of the mner division.

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1 40 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Mention made of their Names ; That the Author doth teach the Science
of Herauldrie for a reasonable Honourarie ; He may be spoke with at the
Exchange Coffee-House, Edinburgh.'

This illustrates the statement (p. xxv.), 'That he instructed several of
the nobility and gentry in the principles of Heraldry.* It is to be regretted
that heraldry is so little valued now. We fear that such an advertisement
would meet with no response ; for though thousands ostentatiously exhibit
bogus coats of arms and crest, few even of those who have a right to put
* Armiger * after their names care to know the history or the nature of a
system which was appreciated by every well-educated gentleman in the
17th century. Ed.

643. Old Edinburgh. Registers (<:<?«//«Mf</^^w z;^?/. ix. /. 72)—

Oct. 29 Robert bruce and Helene Scharpe.

„ „ Johnne bard and Bessie carmychaell.
Nov. 5. David libertonn and Jonat gauelok.

„ „ William mure and Elspaith stodart.

„ 12. Thomas bruce and Nicolas wilsonne.

„ „ Alexander murdo and Helene clerk.

„ 19. William blair and Agnes rychie.

„ „ Robert huntter and Marioun wyllie.

„ ,, Alexander moresonne and Kathrene dippo.

„ „ James brown and Helene forrest.

„ „ George cunynghame and Jonat baxter.

„ 26. Archibald myller and Agnes creiche.

„ „ Andro donaldsonne and Christiane roger.

„ „ James carmychaell and Kathrene tait.

„ „ Rauff Wallace and Helene bruce.

„ y, Mark symesoune and Agnes Keir.

„ „ David clerk and Jonat cunynghame.
Dec. 3. James cundie and Helene blak.

„ „ George adamesonne and Margaret deines.

„ „ Mychaell lambert and Helene wauche.

,, „ Patrik moscrop and Sara huntter.

„ 10. William moresonne and Kathrene m^farland.

„ „ Cuthbert mathesonne and Bessie robesonne.

,, „ George wiseman and Jonat fenniesonne.

„ „ Johnne lamb and Elspaith sincler.

Dec. 10. William purves and Margaret bardie.

„ „ Johnne callender and Mariorie thomesonne.

„ „ Johnne newbiging and Helene moresonne.

„ 24. George patersonne and Jonat Scot.

„ 31. Androw carmychaell and Sibiila meikiljohnne.
Jan. 7. Johnne hoge and Marioun cuthbert.

„ 14. Alexander adingstonn and Euphame weddell.

„ „ Johnne meinzies and Jamie zoung.

„ „ Mr. Alexander gibsonne and Margaret craige.

„ 21. Bernard wood and Sara fiddes.

„ 28. Patrik somervell and Marioun Murray.

„ „ James lychtonn and Kathrene bume. j

Feb. 4. Johnne keir and Margaret moresonne.

„ „ Andro Smyth and Kathrene purdie.

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or, Northern Notes and Queries. 141

Feb. 4. Robert Ethingtoun and Agnes frenche.

„ II. Nicoll blak and Isobell creichtoun.

„ „ Thomas newtoun and Margaret gleghom.

„ 18. Johnne hendersonne and Margaret lyndsay.

„ „ Peter amot and Helene amot

„ y, George low and Kathrene ballendyne.

,, ,, Johnne lamb and Margaret Sunderland.

„ ,, Johnne bruntonn and Male zoung.

„ „ James Morsse and Janet Armoure.

,, ,, William cokbume and Jonat hammiltoun.

„ 25. William angus and SibHla thomesone.

,y ,i Mr. Alex*, makgill and Isobell gaubraith.

„ „ William bailUe and Elspaith bauld.

Mar. 10. James blytheman and Bessie mathie.

,y 24. William christie and Agnes cranstoun.

t, a George zomig and Helene rankene.

1596.

Alexander ker and Hester hill.

Androw fleming and Mariorie trumbill.

John bell and aJesonne bairnsfather.

William ackfurd and Katharene bissat.

Robert Selkirk and Helene drylaw.

James andersonne and Jonat christisonne.

Charles workman and Agnes cokbume.

Johnne mureheid and Jonat armour.

Robert robesoune and Margaret ramsay.

Alex' purdie and Alesoune thomesonne.

Walter galloway and Margaret smyth.
9. Alex* swyntonn and Margaret bennet.
„ William mosie and Christiane eddistonn.
„ Johnne rychie and Margaret zoung.
„ Duncan m'^carrik and Helene zoung.
16. Alexander randie and Sara reid.
„ Daniell hastie and Agnes reid.
„ James heriot and Jonat littell.
„ Robert makilwraith and Agnes barnisfather.
„ Andro grosser and Christiane neilsonne.
„ James m^cubie and Issobell cra¥rfurd.
23. Johnn kersell and Jonat symsonne.
„ Georges foulis and Sibilla gilbert
„ John freir and Christiane greg.
„ Robert caimeton and Jonat porterfeild.
„ Archibald masonne and geillis smyth.
30. David pringill and Mary waitche.
,, Johnne crawfurd and Jonat hendersone.
„ Johne gilchrist and Jonat glen.
„ Hew ostbume and Maigaret alexander
,, Gilbert rutherfurd and Jonat pringill.
July 7. William mudie and Marioun edmistonn.

Andro Munro and Elspaith gray.

Johne reid and Christiane gillespie.

Apnl

»>

II.

May

38.

9»

19.
36.

June

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142 The Scottish Antiquary ;

July 7. Andro watsonne and Elspaith borthwick«

„ „ John lacok and Isobell quhyt

„ „ David fleschor and Marioun Wylie.

„ 14. Thomas symonstonn and Jonat andersonne.

„ „ Robert cunnynghame and Bessie coupland.

„ „ Malcolm carmychall and Margaret wilsonne.

„ 21. Johnne charters and Margaret corsbie.

„ „ Robert barker and Margaret gledstanes.

„ „ Charleis fortoun and Marioun fiddes

„ „ Thomas bruce and Begis elder.

„ 28. James zoung and Katharene magie.
(To be continued^

Mr. Geo. F. Black, Assistant Keeper of the National Museum of
Antiquities, Edinburgh, has in preparation a work dealing with Scottish
Charms and Amulets^ to be published by Mr. George P. Johnston, Edin-
burgh. Mr. Black is desirous of making the work as complete as possible,
and will be grateful to any one for information of such Scottish Charms
or Amulets as have not hitherto been described. All assistance given
will be acknowledged in the work.

QUERIES.

CCLXXXVII. Leslie of Kininvie. — Information wanted on a passage
in the history of the family of Leslie of Kininvie, in Banffshire.
I refer to the descent of the Earls of Leven from that family.

Mark Napier, in his History of Montrose^ alludes, in a foot-
note, to the fact that the first Earl of Leven was illegitimate, but
I understand that the family tree at Kininvie shows the contrary
to be the case. I should like to know if any records exist which
would throw light upon this point.

Among other points of interest, there is no doubt that the
mother of Archbishop Sharpe was a daughter of this same house
of Kininvie, but I do not find in the records of the family any
other historical facts of general interest

I hope that through the medium of your periodical, I may
gain some further information concerning this ancient branch of
the family of Leslie, and I should especially like to know
whether I am right in supposing that it is now the representative
of the house of that name. ' Grip East.'

Oxford.

CCLXXXVIII. Statues on the Old Parish Church of Alloa.
— In the old Statistical Account of Scotland (volume viii.
p. 641) the following statement is made concerning the then
Parish Church of Alloa : — * The church has a good appearance to
the south. The front is of hewn stone. There is a statue in a
niche of St. Mungo holding an open book ; and another of Moses
putting off his shoes before the burning bush, with the text from
Exodus iii. 5.' The present parish church, built in 1817-19, took
the place of the one here referred to, the old tower being retained.
When the former structure was demolished, were the two statues
preserved, and, if so, where are they now to be seen?

J. M. Mackinlav, F.S.A. Scot.

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or^ Northern Notes and Queries. 143

The statue of St. Mungo lay for a long time in the old castle
of Alloa, but was replaced a few years ago in the niche in the
church-tower (west wall of old church). Of the statue of
Moses I have no information. Ed.

CCLXXXIX. Chap-Books— Chat-Books. — In a London second-hand
bookseller's catalogue for December, I observe ' chat-book ' used
for * chap-booL' This is apparently not a misprint, as it is repeated
twice. Is there any authority for such use, or is it merely a
corruption of ' chap-book/ which, being derived from ' Chapman,'
the hawker who used to carry about pamphlets for sale, is
undoubtedly the proper term ? W. B. C.

REPLIES TO QUERIES.

CCLXIV (a). 4. De Coucy.— The first lord of Coucy was Dreux de
Coucy, Seigneur de Boves, etc., c. 1035, who seized the Castle
of Coucy from Alberic, its owner. His son,

Enguerrand i.. Seigneur de Coucy, c. 1080, tn. Aide de
Roucy, Dame de Marie \ their son,

Thomas, Seigneur de Coucy, de Marie, de la Fbre et de Boves,
Comte d' Amiens, m., (ist, Yde de Hainault,) 2nd, Milessende de
Cr^. By the latter he had

Enguerrand 11., who m, 1132 Agnes de Boisgency, and died
1 1 74. Their son, the celebrated

Raoul de Coucy, m. firstly, Agnes de Hainault, by whom he
had lolande de Coucy, who married Robert 11. de Dreux ; and
two other daughters. He /». secondly, Agnes de Dreux, sister
of the above Count, and by her had his successor,

Enguerrand iii., who, by his t^ird wife, Marie de Montmirel,
daughter of Jean, Seigneur de Montmirel et d'Oisy, and Helvide
de Dampierre, had, with other issue, Marie, who m. Alexander 11.
of Scotland, and secondly, Jean de Brienne. See Moreri's
Dictionary (17 16).

lolande de Coucy was thus aunt by birth to Marie de Coucy,
and grand-aunt by marriage.

The well-known Coucy arms are : Fasck de vair et de gueules^
(barry of six, vair and gules). The seal of Enguerrand iii. de
Coucy, Earl of Perche, giving the Coucy arms, is No. looi of
M. Douet d'Arcq's Collection de Sceaux des Archives de f Empire,

Fess Checquy.

(e) 3. Earls of Stratherne. — Sir W. Eraser in his Red Book of
Menteith gives a pedigree of the Menteiths of Ruskie, Kerse, etc.,
which shows that Malise, Earl of Stratheam, married Joanna, a
daughter of the Sir John Menteith who was concerned in the
delivery of Sir William Wallace to the English. From the
Preface to the work, it appears that this Earl Malise was not the
last of that name. There were three Sir John Menteiths in
succession, and only the first had a daughter Joanna, who
married an Earl of Stratheam. She was four times married, her
second husband being John, Earl of Athole ; her third, Maurice

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144 ^^ Scottish Antiquary.

Moray of Drumsaigard ; and her fourth, Willianiy Earl of
Sutherland. Christian Erskine, only daughter of the second Sir
John Menteith, by Lady Elene of Mar, was, of course, her niece,
not her cousin. W. B. C

Stirling.

CCLXVI. 3.— Laws of Pittilloch. — I would refer *G. Makgill' to Burke's
Landed Gentry^ wherein it may be seen that that family is now
represented by Mr. Berry of Tayfield. Can 'G. Makgill' give
any information relative to the I^ws before 1600 ?

A* F. C iv«
Edinburgh.

CCLXXI. Forbes — Bruce. — *Mrs. Annabella Bruce, widow of the
deceased John Forbes, Esq., Advocate, late of Newhall, died
at Dunmore Park, on the 5th instant' {Caledonian Mercury ^
August 7, 1 771). Fess Checquy.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

lyde what may : Printed for Subscribers, Nos. i and 2. Mrs. A. Stuart —
by birth a Haig of the Bemersyde family — ^has undertaken a work unique
at least in Scotland, the editing of a magazine devoted to the history,
past and present, of a single family. The Haigs of Bemersyde are wdl
known in border annals, and they have increased and multiplied on the '^^^^Si
face of the earth, and many of the race are worthy scions of a good old il^..
stock. Mrs. Stuart has therefore plenty of material to work with, and she ,.^^

has used it skilfully, and we see no reason why the magazine should not ^x^^!^
continue to produce much readable matter. It has this decided advan-
tage over a family history, that it combines old and new information, and
is a convenient channel for the publication of facts which only come to
light as old charter-chests are examined. Writers of family history know
from painful experience that when their books have been fairly launched,
they would gladly have them on the stocks again for the purpose of adding
some important discovery, but it is too late. Mrs. Stuart need anticipate
no such inconveniences. As long as her magazine continues, the history of
the Haigs will become better known. We would suggest to the many clan
societies which exist, that they should thus put upon record the histories,
past and present, of their brethren, and surely the great families which
have become household names in Scotland might do likewise. The Scotts,
Grahams, Ramsays, Erskines, with many others, should each of them be
able to support a family magazine which would be appreciated by those
who bear the family name in Great Britain, the Colonies, and last, but
certainly not least, in the United States, where genealogy and family history
are properly appreciated. Mrs. A. Stuart intimates that she will be glad
to receive communications concerning the Haig family. Her address is
19 Regent Terrace, Edinburgh.

The Annals of Fordoun^ by W. Cramond, LL.D., Montrose — The latest
of Dr. Cramond's many publications is chiefly made up of 'extracts from
records relating to the affairs of Fordoun from the earliest times to the
year 1894.'

No one knows better than Dr. Cramond where to look for information,
or how to make use of it when found. And we can thoroughly recom-
mend his Fordoun as full of interesting matter. A good map of the parish ^
IS inserted, and is a very useful companion to the letterpress. ^

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The Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes and Queries

CONTENTS.

Notes.

644. Armorial Bearings of the Burgh of
Peebles, Z45

645. Arms of the Burgh of Peebles, . 148

646. Official Heraldry 150

647. The Covenanters in Kinross-shire, 153
646. Old Scottish Table of Forbidden

Degrees, 156

649. Parentageof Adam Smith, . 157

650. Old Parish Church, Alloa, . . 158

651. The Baily Family, . . .159
,f 652. The Grahams of the Border. . 160

653. Old Song, . . .166

654. Palaeolithic Man in Scotland, . 167

655. Old Sculptured Stone at Alloa, . 170

656. Old Edinburgh Registers, . • 172

657. Abemcthy : Early History of. Desi-
derated, 174

658. Account of a Journey into Scot-
land, 1639, .... Z74

659. An Old Dunkeld Seal, . . . j8i

66a Englishmen in Scotland, •
66z. Old Musselburgh Episcopal Regi-
ster,

663. Dame Erskine's Account Book, .
66^ Marriages in May,

Queries.
CCXC. Dance with Slicks, .
CCXCI. Dr. Balvaird and William

FAGB
Z83

I8S
186
188

X88

Carruthers, .

x88

CCXCII. Primrose Family. .

188

CCXCni. New Scotland in North

America,

z88

CCXCIV. Lady Mary Stuart, .

Z88

CCXCV. St Clair, etc., . . .

Z89

Replies.

CCXXXV. John Tod, . . .

z88

CCLIX. Bethune Family.

189

CCLXXIV. Family of de L'Ard, .

Z9Z

Notices of Books,

t9a

Note. — The Editot does not hold himself responsible for the opinions

or statements of Contributors.

All Communications to be sent to the Editor <2^* The Scottish Antiquary^'

The Parsonage, Alloa.

644- Armorial Bearings of the Burgh of Peebles. — ^The fol-
lowing letter, which appeared in the Peeblesshire Advertiser^ is interesting: —
* In the Peeblesshire Advertiser of 2nd June there appeared a letter under
the title " Peebles Burgh Arms,*' from Mr. A. C. Fox-Davies, the editor and
compiler of a recent publication called The Book of Public Arms. I regret
to observe that Mr. Fox-Davies in his letter characterises the old armorial
bearings of this burgh as a * bogus achievement/ and suggests that Mt
would be desirable if some one intimately or officially connected with the
town would take steps to see that a legitimate coat of arms were obtained
to take the place of the bogus achievement in use, and that alt pretence on
the part of the Corporation to the distinction of armorial bearings were
officially dropped.' Such an imputation is wholly unwarranted, and these

VOL, IX. — NO. XXXVI. K

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146 The Scottish Antiquary ;

suggestions are altogether uncalled for and unnecessary. Mr. Fox-Davies
apparently challenges the antiquity and authenticity of our arms on the
ground that they have not been matriculated in the Lyon Register.

Considering the antiquity of armorial bearings, the present Lyon
Register is comparatively modem, seeing that the first volume commences
in 1672, and it was not until an Act of the Scottish Parliament of that
year that registration or matriculation of arms was made compulsory. It
would appear, however, that this Act of Parliament was never very
strictly enforced, as Mr. George Seton, in his Law and Practice of Heraldry
in Scotland^ published 1863, p. 79, states: — 'But whatever may be the
cause of the irregularity, it is a matter of fact that the heraldic insignia of
a large number of our ancient families are not to be found in the Register
of the Lord Lyon, which still continues, in the language of an Act of
Parliament, ^'the true and unrepealable rule of all arms and bearings in
Scotland." The Baronage of Sir Robert Douglas, published about sixty
years ago, contains a genealogical account of 252 of the most considerable
Scottish families, of whom only 120 (less than one-half) are stated, on the
authority of Mr. James Gumming, "custodier of the Lyon archives," to
possess legal " warrants'' for armorial ensigns.' Mr. Seton then proceeds to
give the names of a number of these families whose arms were not then
registered. The present Lyon King of Arms, Mr. James Balfour Paul,
states in his introduction to his Ordinary of Scottish Amis^ p. 9, *The
register constituted by the above Act' (1672) 'still continues to be the
public register of all arms and bearings in Scotland, and no persons of
Scottish descent, whose arms are not registered in it have a right to
armorial bearings, unless they can prove that they represent families whose
arms are known to have been in existence previous to 1672.' These words in
italics exactly represent the case of the Peebles arms, but in these matters
it would appear that Mr. Fox-Davies is ^plus royaliste que le roiy and that
although the Lyon King admits the validity of such armorial bearings as
those of Peebles, Mr. Fox-Davies characterises these and, presumably, all
the unregistered arms of families who have borne them in field and tourney
since ever armorial bearings were adopted in Scotland, as * bogus achieve-
ments ' because a legal formality of comparatively modern introduction has
not been complied with.

Our town was twice burnt by Mr. Fox-Davies' southron forebears, ^per
veteres nostros Angiie hostes* — our ancient enemies of England, as Queen
Mary's cliarter has it — but I never heard that they questioned our right to
the bearings on the banner under which our burgesses followed their King
to Flodden. It was left for Mr. Fox-Davies to cast such an undeserved
stain upon our ancient escutcheon.

I lately had occasion to make a search into the origin of the burgh's
armorial bearings, and the following are the results of my inquiries : — ^As
is well-known, the bearings are three salmon countemaiant in pale proper,
i,e,y popularly speaking, the centre salmon is represented swimming
towards, in this case, the sinister or left side of the shield, and the upper
and under salmon are represented swimming towards the dexter or right
side. Right and left in heraldry do not mean the right and left of the
shield as seen from the front, but right and left with reference to the
position of the bearer of the shield. The term * in pale ' means that the
salmon are placed one immediately above the other, and 'proper' means
that the fish are represented in their natural colours. The motto or

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or^ Northern Notes and Queries. 147

legend is ' Contra nando incrementum^ which may be freely translated as
' increase by swimming against the stream,' and refers to the increase by
spawning of the salmon which ascend to the upper waters of the Tweed.
The figure of St. Andrew, to whom the original Parish Church was dedi-
cated, is sometimes used as a crest, but it does not appear on any of the
burgh seals. The earliest examples of the arms which I have discovered
are those on the old market cross now standing in the quadrangle of the
Chambers Institution. The Cross was restored about 1662, but the shaft
is. much older. It is an octagonal pillar, has four carved shields round the
centre and the same number round the capital, all rather defaced. Three
at least of these shields bear the burgh arms, and other two shields bear
six firaises or cinque foils (3, 2, and i), the arms of the Frasers of Neidpath,
formerly hereditary Sheriffs of the county. As the Fraser estates came
into the hands of the Hays of Yester by marriage about 1320, it is probable
that the shaft and capital of the Cross are not later than that date, and the
shields bearing the burgh arms are probably the oldest specimens of them.
The burgh is generally held to date from King David i. The original
charter of erection is not in existence, so far as I. know, but I have in my
custody, as Town Clerk, a series of charters and writs from David 11. to
James vi., including a number of ecclesiastical charters : many of these are
printed in the Peebles volume of the Scottish Burgh Records Society.
The following charters, etc., have the burgh seal attached : —

1. Foundation by the Bailies and community of Peebles of a chaplainry
at the altar of St. John the Baptist in the Parish Kirk of St. Andrew in
Peebles, dated Peebles, 15th December 1473. The seal is in good pre-
servation and the style is good.

2. Charter by the BaiUes and community of Peebles to the altar of the
Holy Cross in St. Andrew's Kirk, of an annual rent of 13s. 4d. Scots, from
the common good of the burgh, dated 23rd July 1480. This seal is in
good preservation and of a beautiful design.

3. Election and institution of Gilbert Tuedy to the chaplainry of the
altar of St. Mary of Geddes Aisle in the Coll^iate Church of St. Andrew
of Peebles, dated 19th and 22nd July 1559. The impression and design
of this specimen are not so good as the others.

4. Charter by -John (?) Twedy, chaplain of the Chapel of the Virgin
Mary in the Burgh of Peebles, with consent of the Baihes, Council, and
community of Peebles, patrons of the said Chapel, of land in Amot's
Haugh, in favour of James Tuedy, burgess of Peebles, dated 31st August
1559 (seal same as No. 3). This charter is in private custody, and the
date is not very distinct.

The seal in use and the Provost's gold badge, both dated 1682, bear
the same arms.

Regarding the tincture of the field, or, in popular language, the colour
of the shield on which the bearings are placed, there is some little dubiety.
Edmonstone's Heraldry gives the tincture of the field as vert (green), but
I think the evidence is in favour of gules (red). In Captain Armstrong's
companion to his map of Tweeddale, published 20th June 1775, ^^ states
that the arms are * gules, 3 salmon proper counter " naiant," ' and his in-
formation was obtained from local sources. A stone bearing the arms was
placed in the steeple in front of the Parish Church erected in 1783 on the
site of the old Royal Castle of Peebles. When the church and steeple were
taken down a few years ago and rebuilt, the stone was placed in front of

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148 TTie Scottish Antiquary ;

the new steq)le, and the lines show the field as gules. The copperplate
from which the burgess tickets are printed shows the field gules. I do
not know when the plate was engraved, but it was some time during last
century, probably towards the beginning. A medal belonging to the
Curling Club, dated 1823, also shows the field gules, and, lastly, the uniform
or livery of the burgh officers is red, with buff facings.

A perusal of the above facts ought to satisfy any one interested in the
matter that Peebles has had right to armorial bearings from at least the
fourteenth century, and the arms are probably as old and authentic as
those of any burgh in Scotland.

In view of the provisions of the Act of 1672, I think that the amis
ought to be matriculated, but there is a vast difference between stating
that a coat of arms between five and six hundred years old requires
matriculation, and stigmatising such a coat as a * bogus achievement,,' and
advising that its use should be * officially dropped ' and a modem grant
substituted in its place. Had Mr. Fox-Davies confined his suggestions to
saying that our arms should be matriculated I should have had no ground
of complaint against him, Wm. Buchan, Town Clerk. .

645. Arms of Burgh of Peebles, — The burgh of Peebles bias now
complied with the provisions of the Act of 1672, and has duly matricu-
lated its ancient arms in the Lyon Register. The emblazonment of the
amis has been executed in a very unique and artistic way by Mr, J. Forbes
Nixon, who is perhaps the best heraldic painter at present in existence^
though, from what we have seen, the herald painter at the Lyon Office,
Mr. Graham Johnstone, runs him in some respects very close. The
burgh of Peebles, being a corporation, is not, strictly speaking, entitled to
either a helmet or crest, because these heraldic accessories are personal
to an individual, who has a head on which to wear his helmet, which is,
in its turn, surmounted by the crest, a device originally adopted, as every*
body knows, to enable his identity to be distinguished when *clad in
complete steel.' It is tme that many corporations have a crest, but that
does not make the practice less heraldically incorrect. This being so, the
problem was, in the case of Peebles, to mount an achievement which
would be ornamental and pleasing to the eye, without adopting the usual
method of setting off a coat of arms by the graceful fiowing lines of the
lambrequin or mantling falling from the helmet on each side. The
difficulty has been successfully and ingenuously met by enclosing the
shield which is heater shaped, in a panel : on the top there is an orna-
mental border in blue, with pattern of fleursde-lys in gold : the spaces at
the two lower comers are filled in with thistle, leaves : on the dexter side
of the panel, but distinct from it, there is a marginal ornament such as
occasionally appears in old mss. It is oblong in form, running along the
entire side of the panel, and is filled with a decorative design of lozenges
and quatrefoils, in which is depicted the Scottish thistle treated in a
conventional and artistic manner. Below the panel containing the shield
is a broad scroll containing the motto Contra nando incrementum in two
lines. The whole design is a somewhat new departure in heraldic art,
but it cannot fail to impress any one looking at it with a sense of its beauty
and originality. No doubt some sticklers for precedent might say that it
was unheraldic, and that such decorative adjuncts were unknown in the
proper science, and that they were out of place in an achievement. But

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it is obvious to every one that these are mere artistic accessories introduced
as a setting to the arms, but entirely distinct from them, and they are of
such a nature that they can never in time to come be mistaken for any-
thing but what they are: they do not simulate in any degree heraldic
bearings. But whatever opinions may be held about the design, there
can be no doubt that it is a praiseworthy effort to improve the de-

corative treatment of a branch of art which has for centuries suffered
from an imperfect appreciation of its possibilities. It is to the thirteenth
and fourteenth centuries that we must go if we want to get the full vigour
of heraldic work, and we trust that in time to come the debased trea:tment
of the succeeding ages may be entirely forgotten. P.

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646. Official Heraldry. — Heraldry has become popular — 1 do not
mean that the study of it is what it was some two hundred years ago— or
that people really care for its history and objects, but many causes have
rendered it fashionable, and the votaries of fashion, as long as they do as
others do, do not care to consider what the fashion they follow means. It
may not be amiss to explain what has made heraldry popular. One cause
certainly was the revival of Gothic architecture. That style depended on
heraldry for much of the ornamentation which adorned it, and as the shield
was required in the spandril of the arch or in the arcade that ran round
the chamber, it was necessary to put a charge on the shield. Again, when
stained glass was received back into favour, the blazonry of heraldry was
required to add to the effect to be produced

Vanity also brought into use armorial bearings which, though 'found'
(/>. invented) by some heraldic charlatan, pleased the eyes of the ignorant as
much as duly authorised blazons. The penny postage has had much to do
with the revived use of arms and crests. Old-fashioned letter-paper gave
place to notepaper and envelopes— the enterprising stationer tempted the
public with fancy or heraldic devices — the latter soon predominated, but
were in very many cases utterly bogus. As it became the fashion to
address Tom, Dick, and Harry as * Esq.,' so Tom, Dick and Harry, pleased
with their new rank, thought that a crest was necessary to their gentility.
In some cases arms were not assumed for the simple reason that most
people thought that ' using a crest ' was all-sufficient By speaking of arms
as a crest, and vice versa^ many show how ignorant they are of the nature
of the ornaments they have adopted.

The Reform Bill put into being a large number of burghal corpora-
tions. These, aping the usage of burghs, which, though they may have
become 'rotten,' were certainly ancient, assumed heraldic devices for
their seals. Since 1830 the number of burghs, especially in Scotland, has
gone on increasing, and as these are compelled to have an official seal, in .
most cases that seal bears an heraldic device. Quite lately County
Councils have been constituted, to which are now to be added Parish
Councils. These must have seals of office. Thus Heraldry, real or bogus,
crops up everywhere, and the time has come to separate what is real from
what is bogus. What is real may be described as being authorised by
the King of Arms — in England of Garter, Norroy, or Clarenceux; in
Ireland of Ulster ; in Scotland of Lyon. Arms not recorded in the registers
of these Kings of Arms are irregularly assumed, be they personal or be
they corporate; but we can scarcely describe all not so registered as
' bogus,' for in Scotland the original registers have been lost, and though it
was enacted in 1672 that a fresh registration should be made, many fami-
lies and corporations failed to comply. Where this has been the case
users should, to avoid being classed as bearers of bogus arms, hasten to
pay the small fee which secures the matriculation or registration of old arms.

Mr. A. C. Fox-Davies has brought out a most interesting and valuable
work on the Heraldry of Cities and Burghs in the United Kingdom, and
from it I present my readers with lists of authorised and also of unauthor-
ised arms of Scottish Counties, Burghs, and Universities. I may remark
that he prints all heraldic devices irregularly adopted as arms in italics,
while in the case of duly matriculated arms he gives an extract from the
official register. As the book is sure to make corporate armoury better
understood, it is highly probable that steps will be taken by intelligent

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officials to get their ' burgh arms ' matriculated so that in a future edition
the tell-tale italics will be replacecf by an extract showing that the arms
are no longer irregular or bogus.

List of Scottish official arms duly matriculated, with the date where
given : —

County Council Aberdeen,
City of Aberdeen.

County Council Ayr,
Burgh Ayr,

„ Banff.

County Council Berwick,

1890. Burgh

Burgh
City

»>
Burgh
City
Burgh

Com' of Supply
Burgh

Dumbarton.

Dundee.

Edinburgh,

Elgin,

Glasgow,

Govan,

Hamilton,

Jedburgh.

Kirkcaldy.

Kirkwall,

Lanark,

Lfcith,

Lerwick,

1890.
1673.

1890.

Linlithgow.
Montrose, 1694.
Musselburgh, 177 1.

1895.

1800.

1773-
1678.
1866.
1884.
1886.

1886.
1886.
1889.
1882.

„ Peebles,^

County Perth,

Burgh Perth.

„ Pittenweem,

„ Portobello,

„ Queensferry.

Com' of Supply Renfrew,
Burgh Renfrew.

County Roxburgh,

Burgh Rutherglen,

County Council Stirling,
Burgh Stirling,

„ Stranraer.

Tain.
University of Edinburgh,
„ Aberdeen,

1673.
1886.

1889.

1798.
1889.
1890.
1849.

1789.
1888.

List of official armorial devices not matriculated, though in some cases
long in use : —

Burgh Airdrie.

Alloa.

Annan.

Anstruther, Easter.

Anstruther, Wester.

Arbroath.
County Council Argyle.
Buigh Auchtermuchty.

County Council Banff.
Burgh Bervie.

City Brechin.

Burgh Burntisland.

County Council Bute.

„ Caithness.

Burgh Campbeltown.

County Council Clackmannan.
Burgh Coatbridge.

„ Cowdenbeath.

„ Crail.

„ Crieff.

County Council Cromarty.
Burgh Cromarty.

Burgh Cullen.

„ Culross.

„ Cupar Fife.

„ Dalkeith.

„ Dingwall.

„ Dornoch.

County Council Dumbarton.

„ Dumfries.

Burgh Dumfries.

„ Dunbar.

„ Dimblane.

„ Dunfermline.

„ Dysart.

County Council Elgin and Mor^y.
Burgh Falkirk.

„ Falkland.

County Council Fife.

„ . Forfar.
Burgh Forfar.

„ Forres.

„ Fortrose. •

,, Galashiels.

^ Since Mr. Foz-Davies^'s book has appeared Peebles has very properly matriculated
the old Burgh arms (see p. 148).

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Butgh Greenock,

Burgh New Galloway.

County Council Haddington,

•„ Newburgh.

Burgh Haddington.

„ North Berwick.

Burgh Helensburgh.

„ Oban.

„ Inveraray.

County Council Orkney.

„ Inverkeithing.

Burgh Paisley..

County Council Inverness.

„ Partick.

Burgh . Inverness.

County Council Peebles.

• „ Inverurie.

Burgh Peterhead.

„ Irvine.

„ Port Glasgow.

„ Kilmarnock.

County Council Ross and Cromarty,

„ Kilrenny.

BUrgh Rosmarkie.

„ Kilwinning.

„ Rothesay.

County Council Kincardine.

„ St. Andrews.

Burgh Kinghom.

„ Sanquhar.

County Council Kinross.

County Council Selkirk.

Burgh Kintore.

Burgh Selkirk.

County Council Kirkcudbright

„ Thurso.

Burgh Lanark.

University of Glasgow.

„ Langholm.

„ St. Andrews.

„ Lauder.

County Council Wick.

County Council Linlithgow.

Burgh Wick.

Burgh Lochmaben.

„ Wigtowa

„ Nairn.

County Council Wigtown.

County Council Nairn.

„ Zetland.

I am sorry not to be able to afford room for the caustic remarks with
which Mr. Fox-Davies occasionally enlivens what some may deem a
dry subject He has toiled hard but righteously, and good results may be
anticipated. Old Burghs proud of their history and of their arms should
follow the example of Peebles and get their arms duly matriculated. New
Burghs should at any rate try to avoid making themselves ridiculous, by
adopting devices which, however satisfactory to their own uneducated tastes,
are a source of amusement to a public which is not so ignorant as to
swallow all that is offered it Seals and achievements, either impressed on
public documents, such as books in public libraries, or carved on public
buildings, invite criticism as well as notice. What is to be said of a Board
School which bears over the portal the arms of Edward the Confessor
impaling the Lion of Scotland, in allusion to the marriage of King Malcolm
with Margaret of England ! The error of placing the wife's arms where
the husband's ought to have been was pointed out — but it •looked
well,' and was not worth altering 1 1 One Police Burgh I know, of which
Mr. Fox-Davies writes that 'it has no armorial bearings,' has for a seal
adopted a device invented by a local newspaper editor, a griffin rampant
on a torque within a garter, being one of the supporters of a noble family
in the neighbourhood. The harness of the burgh cart horses are decorated
with this, and even the books in the public library have it stamped on their
pages. Another new Burgh, not mentioned in Mr. Fox-Davies' work, has
'by permission ' of the Lord of the Manor, adopted his armorial bearings
as a Burgh seal ! I have little doubt cases could be multiplied.

A. W, Cornelius Hallen.

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OTy Northern Notes and Queries. 1 55

' 647. Th£ Covenanters in Kinross-shire, 1669-1688 (continued
from p. 102). — In the year 1679, ^^ the winter and the spring, the troopers
came to Kinross again ; so that John Steedman and Robert Steedman,
with many moe, came not home to their houses for the space of eighteen
months* The ^rst Sabbath of Aprile (the troopers being absent) Mr. John
Moncrief preached at Rashihill publickly ; but the Laird of Clackmannan's
company of foot came upon the meeting and dispersed them, and there
were more than twentie persons taken, particularly John Thomson in
Cleish, who was taken at his own house, and carried to the tolbooth of
Culross I and keept there till he paid twentie dollars. On the third of
May, Bishop Sharp, that arch-traitor and cruel persecutor, was killed,
upon which the troopers raged through the countrey night and diay in
quest of those whom they suspected to have taken his life, and particularly
they searched Perth and Kinross for Robert Steedman, who compeared
before two Lords that sat at Dunfermlin to examine persons within that
Presbyterie anent Sharp's death. And they obliged him to prove, by the
depositions of four witnesses, where he was upon the third day of May
1679, betwixt the hours of three and four in the afternoon. He and the
whole Shires of Fife and Kinross was also obliged to declare upon oath
that he knew hot who attacked and killed the Bishop. Yet Buckholm
was such a cruel eneniie to the said Robert, that he was forced to abscond
himself, untill the news came that the west countrey had risen in arms.

After this came an act of indemnitie, and indulgence to some Ministers,
particularly Mr. John Gray, who was minister att Orwell before the
restauration of Episcopacie, was indulged, and some of the people in that
parish built a meeting house to him at Holtown ; but the people in the
parish of Kinross, Cleish, and oyrs about, and many also in the parish of
Orwell, who did not join with the Indulgence, keeped their meetings for
preaching in the fields all summer, and in barns in the winter, in the years
1680 and 81.

And in the year 1682, the twelfth day of March, came Sir Adam Blair,
with a squad of the King's guards, about ten of the clock at night, and
raised Baillie Gardiner, to bring them to Robert Steedman's house ; but
the Baillie industriously lingred in putting on his cloaths, and sent his
servant maid out at a back window, to give a warning to Robert, which
warning prevented the taking of Mr. John Hepburn, and a considerable
number who were met together at Robert's house to hear Mr. Hepburn
exercise : for they all made their escape. And Robert gave also a warning
to the countrey that the troopers were come, so that none were taken
that night But from that night, being the 12th of March 1682, to the
1 2th of September 1683, the said Robert Steedman durst not appear in
Kinross.: And John Steedman, mealmaker, and John Stirk, merchant
there, were obliged also to abscond y*mselves for the space of two years.
Whereupon Sir William Bruce, as Sherriff principal, and James Bruce of
Kinloch, Sherriff depute, Robert Dempster, their clerk, John Wattson,
Procurator fiscal, Thomas Small, messenger, and the Sherriff mairs came
and called for the keye of Robert Steedman's malt loft from his wife, and
she refusing to deliver it, they broke up the door with the smith's fore-
hammers, and filled all the sacks they could get with malt: and when
they could get no more sacks, the said Thomas Small took the sheets of
Robert's wife's bed, and sewed them together, and filled them; yea, they
took what they pleased. And afterwards, because they could not get

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Robert, they took his wife, and imprisoned her, untill she was obliged to
give bond and caution not to be seen any more in Kinross, mider the
penaltie of five pounds Sterlin, and so was exposed to wander up and
down the countrey for an year and an half. And qn she came into the
town at a certain time, to see her eldest son, she was apprehended, and
they took from her thirtie pounds Scots, and two bolls of malt ; yea, they
took the door off the crooks of the dwelling house, the iron chimney and
oyT plenishing. That Court also locked the doors of the house and shop
of John Stirk, merchant, more than an year. Yea, the whole Shire who
would not go to hear the curats were fined in great fines, particularly John
Simson in Tyllerie, and from whom they took eighteen bolls of oats. And
they imprisoned John Flockhart twice, and banished him out of the Shire.
There were also many cruelties committed in the parish of Portmoak;
particularly in the town of Kirkness, the soldiers, with one WyUie, a
monster for crueltie, took John Moubray, an old man, who was then near
death, and brought him to the door, but they, observing him upon the
brink of eternity, left him, and took Janet Bettie, his wife, ^ong with
them to Burntisland. They also carried alongst with them Elizabeth
Briggs, who was then big with child, and John Summervaii, who lived at
the Craigside of Amot, and imprisoned them all in Burntisland tolbooth.
Many moe they imprisoned and fined that year. And the troopers were
always quartered upon those who went not to the church, and lay upon
them till they went And if this did not prevail to make them go, then
they plundered them in their goods and gear, particularly George and
John Hendersons, tennants in Kinnaird in the parish of Cleish, John
Thomson in the Mains of Cleish, and Alexander Barclay in the Westblair,
in that same parish. These persons were forced to fly from their houses
and sojourn elsewhere. But the troopers apprehended Alexander Barclay
one night, when he came home to see his wife, and carried him to the
tolbooth of Burntisland, from whence they removed him to an horrible
tolbooth in Kinghom, where he lay till he paid five hundred merks, and
gave his obligation to be banished: and so he went over to Holland,
where his brother Mr. George was before him.

In the year 1683 there was exceeding cold weather in the months of
Aprile and May, insomuch that many of the horses and cattel died for
hunger, the straw being exceeding scarce. In the meantime the troopers
keeped the keyes of the bams of Airlarie, and brought the seed bear to
their horses, and disposed upon it at their pleasure. Yea, the troopers
raged so up and down the Shire that the whole Shire was in a most
melancholly condition. And these who were not forward in carrying on
the preaching of the Gospel in the fields, for the most part withdrew
themselves; particularly Robert Stirk, merchant in Milnathort: he with
his whole family were forced to withdraw, and durst not return untill the
happy Revolution. And many others were forced to do the same. This
year many were summoned to compear before the Justice Court at Sdrlin, but
few answered. One David Marshall, a young man, son to Robert Marshall,
tennent in Lethangie, having compeared at that Court, was brought back
and put into the innermost pit, by Sir William Bruce his orders, where a
candle will:not bum for want of air. He having lien there sometime, was
taken out by the officers, and carried to the Kirk of Kinross, to hear
Mr. Chrystie the curat preach, and they waited upon htm till sermons
were done, and after this they suffered him to. go home to his Other's
house, where he died within a few days.

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'William Gardiner and Jaipes Kennoway, Sir William Bnice's chamber-
lain, being Sherriff deputes, the whole countrey was Ifined for noncon-
formity, and poynded till they payed their fines : and Robert Steedman,
coming home to see his father and two children, fell into a fever upon the
12 of Sept' 1683. Sir William Bruce, having goten notice that he was at
home, sent his officers and took him prisoner, the very next morning after
he cooled of the fever, bvt within some weeks he was liberate. But in a
short time thereafter he was put in prison again, because he had not taken
bis child to the church to be baptised, and he was fined in fi^^ pounds
sterlin every moneth untill he should bring his child unto the church to be
baptized, but Robert had goten his child baptised before that time by a
Presbyterian Minister. John Stirk, merchant in Kinross, not being come
home then, they took his wife, and put her in* prison beside the said
Robert In a short time they were both set at liberty.

In the year 1684, Classlochy, ane Advocate, was made Sherriff depute,
conjunct with James Kennoway, who fined all the Freeholders, Fewars,
Tennents, Cottars, Tradesmen, men-servants and maid-servants : and the
wives were fined in the half of the fine that their husbands were liable unto
by Act of Parliament, so that there was a very sharp persecution, and few
escaped their fury and violence, insomuch that David and Alexander
Barclayes, in the parish of Cleish, paid each of them fiftie pounds Scots,
because they had their children baptised by Presbyterian Ministers. And
Robert Coventrie in Airlarie, and Robert Balfour in Burleigh, paid also
their fines, and many moe. Many Cotters had their one cow taken from
them. And this persecution (which was aggravated by the troopers raging
among ym) lasted untill King James the Seventh issued out his proclama-
tion giving libertie to all to have the free exercise of their religion.

The above narrative is signed by Robert Steedman, late of Ballingall,
Robert Coventrie, Portioner of Airlarie, John Stirk, Merchant in Kinross,
John Simson, Tennent in Tyllerie, George Birrel, Portioner in Kinnes-
wood, William Arnot there, William Beath, Tennent in Kirkness, and
Robert Moreis, Maltman in Kinross, all of them elders and aged men,
who were partakers of the sufferings above narrated, and all of them
witnesses to some part or other thereof, and the whole consisting with
their Knowledge, and of many others who might be named if needfull.

(Signed) G. Birrell, Adged 75. Ro' Steidman, Aetatis 66.

Will Arnot, aged 76. R. Covingtrie, aged 63.

William Beath, Adged 76. John Stark, aged 69.

Robert Moresse, aged (id.
John Simson, aged 6o,

The above narrative was attested att Kinross and Kirkness and
Kineskwood by the above named persons, and seen by us undersubscribing
mnrs in the shire of Kinross, who are aboundantly satisfied of their
candour and ingenuity.

(Signed) Ebenezer Erskine, mfir of Portmoak.

R. M*gill, miffr Kinross,
Jo: Gib, minr at Cliesh.
James Bathgate, Minr at Orwell.

Sr. William Bruce of Kinross, Sheriff principall, • and his depute,
Ja. Bruce of Kinloch, fined and imprisoned a great many in the parish o^

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Portmoak for refusing to hear one Mr. John Bruce, Curat of the parish,
who was suspended by his own Brethren for notorious drunkenness.
Geo: Law, indweller in ' Kineskwood, in the s"^ parish of Portmoak, was
cast out of his house by the officers of Sr. W" Bruce, and all discharged
under the severest penalties to harbour him. His wife and children were
also cast out of their house, and she obliged to rock her child all night att
a house [of] one Isabell Martin at Kineskwood : att the same time a poor
tender dying woman was cast out of her house, her plennishing carried
away, and what they could not take with y"* was inhumanely broken and
rendered useless. This account is attested by

G. Birrell, Adged 75.

Will Arnott, aged 76.
These two subscriptions are attested by

Ebenezer Erskine, minr. of Portmoak.

R. Paul.

On page 102 of the Scottish Antiquary for the month of January 1895
I observe an inaccuracy with regard to the date of Lady Methven's (Ann
Keith) death. As a matter of fact,, there is a letter here from her to
her husband, dated 'Methven Wood, March 13 day, 1681,* and signed
* Your faithfuU obedient lover and oblidged servent, A. Keith.' So her
brains could not have been all dashed out in the year of God 1679.

George E. Smythe.

In last number of the Scottish Antiquary (ix. p. 102), there is a
reference, at p. 102, to 'Gilbert Marnock, Lord of the Chapmen in
Fife and Kinross,' in 1678. This recalls to me a paragraph in the
Scotsman^ some eight or ten years ago, which stated that the * Chapmen
of the Lothians' had dined together in a certain hotel in Edinburgh,
and that they had duly elected their Mord' to preside over the meeting.
From these references, one is led to infer that the pedlars of Scotland were
subdivided into groups restricted to certain districts, and that each group
had its recognised * lord.' Is anything more definite known with regard
to this title ? David MacRitchie,

648. Old Scottish Table of Forbidden Degrees. — ^The following
Table, the only one of the sort we have met with, is written by J. Duncan-
sone. Reader, on the last leaf of the oldest volume of the Stirling Parish
Registers, the date being not later than 1594. Ed.

In thais tuo tabillis follwing ar contein
No man may marie.
The first tabile goithe
upone ye mane.

Levi 18, 7. Mothers mother.

levi 18, 9. Dochtir.

levi 18, 8. Mother in Lau, le 20, 11.

levi 18, 15. Dochtir in Lau, le 20, 12.

levi 18, 9.. Half sister, le 20, 17.

levi 18, 9. WhoU sister, le 20, 17.

levi 18, 10. Sonnis dochter, wyfis grand mother.

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levi 1 8, lo. Dochtir^s dochter, wyfis fathers sister.
Graund mother, wyfis mothers sister,
levi x8, 12. Fatheris sister, le 20, 19.
levi 18, 13. . Motheris sister, le 20, 19.
A man may Brothers dochtir, mother, stepmother,

not marie his Sisters dochter, Sones sones wyfe.

le 18, 14. Fathers brothers doohtir {sic) wyf, le 20, 20.
Mothers brothers wyf, Daughters sones wyf.
Wyfis brothers dochtir, brothers sones wyf.
Wyfis sistirs dochtir, sisters sones wyf.
le 20, 14. Sounis wyf.
le 18, 16. Brotheris wyf, le 20, 21.
le 18, 18. Wyfis sister.

Wifis sones . . . ? Wyfs dochtir.

Husbands father brother.
Husbandis mother brother.
Fathers step father.

(lUegibleO.

It : ye degreis forbiddin by God, within ye quhilk

The secund tabill gaithe

upon ye womane.

Father.

Sone.

Father in Lau.

Sone in Lau.

Half brother.

Wholl brother.

Sonnis Sone.

Dochtirs sone. Sones wyfis sone.

Grandfather. Brothers wyfis brothers.

Fathers brother. Sones doughteris husband.

Mothers brother. Daughtirs daughters husband.
A woman may Brothirs sone. Broyer daughteris husband,
not marie hir Sisteris sone. Sisters daugheris husband.

Fathers sisters husband. Brotheris sisters sone.

Mothens sisters husband

Husbandis brotheris sone.

Husbandis sisteris sone.

Dochteris husband.

Husbands father.

Sisteris husband.

Husbandis brother.

Husbandis sone sone.

Husbandis dochteris sone.

Grand motheris husband.

Husbandis grand fathirs.

649, Parentage OF Adam Smith. — The following portion of a letter
bearing on this subject which appeared in the Scotsman of 22nd March,
will we think interest our readers. £d.

Sir, — As grand-daughter of Lord Reston, the cousin to whom Adam
Smith left his property, I have become possessed of certain papers bear-
ing on his parentage, which help in clearing up the matter.

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In the contract of marriage, dated 13th November 17 10, 'betwixt
Adam Smith and Lillias Drummond/ he is designated 'Wryter to the
Signet/ Lillias Drummond was 'eldest lawful! daughter to the deceast
Sir George Drummond of Milnab, late Provost of Edinburgh,' and had
issue one son, Hugh, who died in 1750.

In 1720 Adam Smith married Margaret Douglas, daughter of John
Douglas of Strathenry, by whom he had one son, Adam, author of the
Wealth of Nations^ who was born a few months after his father's death in
1723. The date of Adam Smith's (senior) death is attested by various
' inventories ' of books and household effects signed by ' Mrs. Margaret
Douglas, relict of the deceased Adam Smithy compt of Kirkcaldy.'
Margaret Douglas died in 1784.-^1 am, eta

Mary T. A. Bannermak.

1 ^ — — — ' — - — " — ^ —

650. Old Parish Church, Alloa. — I have lately got hold of a
photograph of an old painting of the Parish Church here, which was
pulled down about 1819. I do not know by whom the painting was
executed, the date, or where it now is. It, however, gives a good idea of
a church, much altered as we know the Alloa Church was, and not by
any means improved in the process. In Slezer's view of the town of
Alloa the only prominent building is the old tower of the Castle of
the Erskines, Earls of Mar — there is no Church Tower. This, I think, is
proof that the tower and cupola was added when, in 1680, the Arch-

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"bisbop of St. Andrews issued his warrant 'for rebuilding the Auld
Kirk of Alloa/ and that' before that date there was no tower. In the
Kirk-session Records we find that a commission was appointed, who
report, 14 March 1680, that it was 'necessar that the fabrick of the
old church be taken down to the ground ... the same to be rebuilt and
enlarged.' Estimates are to be sent in of expense that < might defray the
rebuilding of the church and steeple.' Tobias Baak or Bauchop, a skilled
Alloa mason, lodged estimates, and, as no professional architect is any-
where alluded to, he probably * designed two entries, after the Dorrick
order, with an embosement on the front.' It is clear from the view of the
church that some of the older windows, with their Gothic tracery, were
spared. The ornamentation was curious, considering the times. On the
west wall of the nave internally was a niche, in which was placed a figure
of St* Mungo holding a book — the view shows an external niche, similar
in design, toward the east end of the south wall ; in it b a figure which
may be that of Moses, about which inquiry was made in our last number
(ix. p. 142). It is much to be regretted that in 18 19 the Old Church
was, with the exception of the tower, utterly destroyed. The present
church, though a showy building outside, was erected before architects
had regained a correct knowledge of the principles which guided the
builders of the middle ages. A really handsome spire is the only
redeeming feature in a building on which a large sum of money must
have been expended.

A. W, Cornelius Hallen.

651. The Baily Family. — ^The Marquis of Anglesey is descended
in the male line from Lewis Baily, Bishop of Bangor, who died 1631.
The Peerages agree in styling the Bishop a Scotsman, but, as I shall show,
erroneously. Burke (Peerage voce Anglesey), states that * he was chaplain
to Henry, Prince of Wales, son of James i., with which monarch Dr.
Bayly came into England.' In this statement he is followed by Foster. In
Burke's Landed Gentry (Ed. 187 1 voce Baillie of Dochfour), some infor-
mation is given which does not however agree with his Peerage statement.
Three sons of Sir William Baillie of Lamington, by Marion his wife,
daughter of Sir John Seton of Seton, having maimed a clergyman who had
committed a grievous offence, had to fly ; the eldest took refuge in Inver-
ness-shire, and was ancestor of the family of Dochfour ; the second
fled to Ireland, where he founded a family {;voce Bailie of Ring-
dufferin); 'the third went to the Isle of Anglesey, and founded the
family of which the Marquis of Anglesey is a ■ descendant.' As the
eldest of the three brothers 'is stated to have fought at the battle
of Brechin in 1452,' he must have been considerably older than the
second who 'settled in Ireland in the reign of James l about 1620' ! !
We are not told when the third son flourished. Leaving fiction
and relying on facts, we find that Anthony k Wood states that Bishop
Baily was bom at Carmarthen, and that in 1600 (three years before the
accession of James i.), he was Incumbent of Shipton-on-Stour, and Vicar
of Evesham. He married, as his first wife, Judith, daughter of Thomas
Appleton of Little Waldingfield, Suffolk, where his daughter Mary was
baptized 6th March 1606. His son Thomas was baptized at Evesham, 13th
March 1607, and his wife Judith was buried there 26th March 1608.
His second wife was Anne, daughter of Sir Henry Bagenal, and from this

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marriage the present Marquis of Anglesey is descended The Bagenals
had property at Anglesea — ^but there is no evidence that Bishop Baily
inherited any in that county. The name was very common in the West of
England, and Lewis is not unfrequently coupled with it The name
is derived from the office baillie or bailiff, and is met with not only
in Britain, but on the Continent. There is not an atom of evidence to
connect Bishop Baily with the Baillies of Lamington or with any family of
the name in Scotland. He was a beneficed clergyman in England before
the accession of James i., and though an old Baronetage gives to his
grandson Sir Nicholas Baily, Baronet of Ireland, the arms of Baillie of
Lamington without difference, a descendant of his has in his possession an
old seal which bears an English Coat — ^r, on a fess engrailed between
3 nags' heads az.^ 3 fleurs de Ijrs of the first Ed.

652. The Grahams of the Border. — About eight years ago I did my
best to unravel the history of the family of the Grahams of the border. I
was able, from Calendars of State Papers and extracts from manuscripts in
private possession, to construct a rough pedigree of four generations, very
meagre as to details, but sufficient to show that the family was of import-
ance^ and that a fuller account of it might throw considerable light on the
policy of England and Scotland on the border-land of the two countries
during the sixteenth and the earlier part of the seventeenth centuries.
To the general reader the moss-trooper is a being who appears out of
a .mist, and is ggain sopn Ipst in it The object and the nature of his
existence are scarcely thought worthy of consideration. He embellishes
the border ballads, and offers a tempting . study to the painter.. It may
help to the better understanding of British history if the fortunes of oire
notorious border family can be set forth with some degree of exactness.
The border-land lay on either side the boundary line between England
and Scotland. This was once marked out by the Romans with walls and
ramparts. These ramparts, though long fallen into decay, it was seriously
proposed in the sixteenth century to reconstruct The dwellers on the
borders were, however, by their habits and their own interests able to
maintain a living barrier between the two countries far more effective
than a line of forts or leagues of dyke and fosse. They may be regarded
as a body of police — those north of the boundary Scottish, those south
English — each not only ready to resist any agression by the other side,
but to keep a good fighting spirit alive by continual forays, feuds,
slaughters, and broils, which rendered their neighbourhood the dread of
all peaceable citizens. It was far easier for merchants to transport their
goods by sea, though pirates were on the alert, than to get them across
the Cumberland or Northumberland hills and moors, where they were
nearly sure to be robbed alike by friend and foe. Yet amongst these wild
borderers there was a certain amount of organisation. The Kings of
England and of Scotland appointed English and Scottish Wardens of
the East, Middle, and West Marches. These, each on his own side of the
border, and in his own district, had a general supervision of the border
families, secured their allegiance, and made use of their services for the
good of the state. Content with this, private feuds and thefts were often
left unpunished, or, what was more prudent, unnoticed. When any special
. service was rendered to the crown a grant of land, taken from some less
energetic or trustworthy family, made loyalty profitable.

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With the accession of James vi. of Scotland to the English throne
in 1603 the necessity for the existence of a well-nigh impassable
border line ceased henceforth, and in its stead easy and safe communi-
cation between the countries was required. The borders, the debateable
land, the marches, were more euphemistically styled the 'Middle
Counties.' It was, however, easier to change the name of the district
than the nature of the inhabitants. Though now the Wardens of the
Marches, both English and Scottish, saw it was their interest to play
into each other's hands, the moss-troopers could not be persuaded to
turn their swords into ploughshares, and they were subjected to a drastic
treatment, which in a few years utterly extinguished some old families,
and scattered others, either to fight as pressed soldiers in Flanders, to
settle as colonists in Ireland, where they might still hope for an occa-
sional all-round fight, or to steal away to the more peaceful districts of
England and Scotland and become quiet farmers or artisans.^ Elliots,
Stories, Johnstones, Grahams, TurnbuUs, Irvines, Scotts, and other names
less noteworthy are met with before the middle of the seventeenth century
in districts far removed from the scenes of their ancestors' exploits.

As the Grahams of the border were a numerous and a prominent
border race, the following portion of their history will provide a good
specimen of the fecundity, services, habits, and final disasters which were
common to them all alike.

The origin of the Grahams of the border is unknown. Some attempt
has been made to connect them with the Earls of Menteith. Modern
peerage writers assert that they were descended from John Graham of
Kilbryde, second son of Malise, Earl of Strathearn (afterwards of Menteiih),
but John, who died ante 1478, left no legitimate male issue ; and besides
that, the Grahams were settled on Eskside as early as 1477,^ when John
of Kilbride (born about 1448) was too young to have had descendants,
even illegitimate, already settled and fairly numerous. It is certain that
the early members of the present family of Graham of Netherby believed in
some connection with the house of Menteith, but that they could not prove
it is shown by a pedigree in Dugdale's Visitation of Cumberland^ 1665.
It commences with two generations of Menteith, and a statement that
the arms are certified by the Earl of Menteith. Then, without connection,
comes Fergus Graham, whose second son succeeded. From other
sources we know that Fergus (styled * of Plomp ') was a son of Matthew
Graham of Springhill, and that his second son and eventual heir-male was
Richard Graham, who purchased in 1629 from the Earl of Cumberland
the estates of the ejected Grahams of Netherby, whose history we are
about to give. His connection with them has not been discovered, and
it is evident thai his descendant in 1665 was obliged to leave a gap
between the Earl and Fergus of Plomp.

We will now begin with the earliest Graham of Eskside of whom any
record has been preserved. Our principal sources of information are the
Mss. of Lord Muncaster (AT. MSS,\ Rep. of His. mss. Com., 1885, The

^ Their crime was not treason, but insubordination, and when they relumed home
they were not interfered with if they led peaceable lives.

" • Our father yet alive has dwelt on Esk for 60 years, and served your Grace and the
wardens.*— Petition by Arthur Graham and his brethren (sons of William Graham of
Stuble) to Henry viii., May 1537. State Papers, Henry viii., vol. xii. pt. i. p. 560.

VOL. IX. — NO. XXXVl. L

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1 62 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Calendar of State Papers, Border {B, MSS, ), The Calendar of Hamilton mss.
(H, MSS,),

William Graham of Stuble is supposed to have come to Arthuret in
Cumberland and the Eskside from Dryfesdale. His migration, or that of
his father, must, as we have seen, have taken place as early as 1477.
His original possessions were increased by a grant of the land of the
Stories, a border family dispossessed for treachery to the English Lord
Warden. William probably had brothers. He certainly had enough of
the same name about him to make the Grahams important early in the
sixteenth century. A very full account of his immediate descendants is
given us {B, MSS,) in a report made by Thomas Musgrave in 1583 to
Cecil, Lord Burghley. Musgrave is careful not to mention one fact. We
learn elsewhere that he had slain a grandson of William Graham. This
made him anxious to present to the powerful minister of Queen Elizabeth
a report hostile to the family who were retaliating on him.

From this report and other sources I will give an account of the sons
of William Graham of Stuble, * Inglishman.'

I, The old Netherby Family, — Richard Graham of Netherby, the eldest
son, had issue, besides daughters, three sons —

i. Richard, * Ritchies Dick,' of Netherby, alive 1541. Married
a daughter of his cousin Arthur Graham (Carlile), and
had issue —

I. Walter of Netherby, alive 1605 {M. MSS.), He
married a cousin, a daughter of Robert Graham
of the Fald (whom see infra). By her he had
issue —

a, Richard of Netherby, banished to Ireland

1 606 (M, MSS,), His land was given to
the Earl of Cumberland, who sold it in
1629 to Richard Graham, ancestor of
the present family of Netherby.

b, Arthur, banished to Ireland, 1606.

c, Thomas, banished to Ireland.

There were five other brethren, names
not given, banished to Ireland,
ii. William, married, first, a daughter of the laird of Mangerton,
and second, a sister of Robert Elliot of Liddisdale. He
had issue —

I. John, * Black Jok.' 2. Fergus. 3. Richard,
married a daughter of Walter Bell. 4. Francis.
5. Robert. 6. Archibald. 7. Thomas, * Cozen-
ing Thomas' {M, MSS,). 'Z, John, *Gallotes
Jock.' 9. Simon ; and a daughter, married her
cousin, Richard Graham, Brackenhill.

iii. George, * did become Scottish.' He married Hamilton,

and lived at Red Kyrk. He had issue —

I. Richard, married a daughter of Arthur [Graham] of
Carlile. 2. Walter. 3. George. 4. Christopher.
5. John.

When the policy of breaking up the power of the Grahams was put in
force in 1605-6, the Netherby branch, with its retainers, was so powerful

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and numerous that 114 Grahams, with 45 horses, were conveyed to Dublin
in September 1606, in six ships, at the expense of the Government We
read {M. MSS.) *The Grahams had a prosperous voyage. They
embarked at Workington on the Saturday at night, and arrived safely at
Dublin on the next Tuesday in the morning. Two knights of their
own name and kindred came to them there, and comforted them with
kind entertainment and promises of help' (p. 262). These knights
were great-grandsons of Fergus Graham of Mote, William Graham's
second son. Thus the first Graham house of Netherby came to an end. '

2. TAe Mote Family, — The family founded by Fergus, second son of
William of Stuble, was second in importance after that founded by Richard
of Netherby, the eldest son,^ and the descendants of Fergus alone of the
thirty-four male adult grandchildren of William, have left traces by which
their pedigree can be traced. Fergus, as Hollinshed tells us (see Scot
Jntig,, i. and ii. G?;//., p. 152), was employed by King Henry viii., and
for some time occupied Castlemilk, a fortress on the north side of the
borders and surrendered by the Stewarts. For this and perhaps other
services he obtained a grant of Arms in 1553, being already in possession
of the estate of Mote. It is thus described by the late Professor Veitch in
the History and Poetry of the Scottish Borders, i. p. 43 : * The Mote of
Liddel is one of the finest of those old remains. It goes far back in fact
and name. It was in existence in the twelfth century. On a map of 1690
it appears as " Ye Mote." What Norham Castle in mediaeval times was
to other castles of the period, the Mote of Liddel was to other pre-historic
forts. It stands on a precipitous bank of the Liddel water almost fronting
its junction with the Esk, which from its highest point to the river runs
down at least 160 feet. It is within the boundary of Cumberland, and in
the ancient barony of Liddel, which belonged of old in succession to the
families of De Meschines, De Russedale or Rossedale, De Stutaville, De
Wake — that is de la Wac or Vacca — and was afterwards for long part of
the Duchy of Lancaster.* As Fergus of Mote was employed by the King
and obtained for his services a grant of Arms in 1553, he may have
obtained a grant of the estate of Mote also, seeing it was royal property.
There is something appropriate in the bold border soldier dwelling where
in earlier ages other borderers had fortified a strong position.

Fergus Graham, second son of William of Stuble, was of full age in
1 54 1, he is mentioned by Hollinshed as occupying in 1547 Castlemilk with
an English garrison. In 1553 he obtained a grant of Arms from William
Harvey, Norroy King of Arms—* Barry of six arg, and gu, over all in bend
a branch of an oak root branched within a bordure engrailed sa. on the first
bar ^ a boar's head cooped arg' The crest, on a wreath arg, and^.,
* An arm bendy in four pieces gu, and az, holding in the hand carnal a
branch of the bend.' The name of the wife of Fergus is not known, he
had issue (with daughters possibly), eight sons —
i. William, s,p, (?).

^ 1583. *The houses of Netherby and the Mote, wherein the best of the clan and
of the surname of the Grahams do dwell in, having amongst the greater number of them
much good ground and fair livings if they used it well — all alongest the waters of Aske
(Esk), Leven, and Sarck, even to the water of Lid, fre to themselves and thers, for
th'ould defence and service of their contrie ' (B, MSS, , p. loi ). Sept. 1583. * The house
of Arthur Graham of ihe Mote had a garrison of 50 horsemen and 50 footmen in the
King's service' (/did, p. 110). This was shortly before his slaughter by Thomas
Musgrove.

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ii. Arthur of Mote, married Margaret, daughter of Johnstone, Laird of
Newby, slain 1583 by Thomas Musgrove(-5. MSS,), He had
issue —

r. William of Mote. Born 1563 {B. MSS.). Buried at
Arthuret 1657.^

2. Fergus of Mote, of full age 1592, settled in Ireland before
the dispersion of the family. He had issue —

a. Sir Richard in Ireland, and was knighted there 1600.
He married Jane Hetherington, and left issue. The
Rev. J. M. S. Brooke, Rector of St. Mary, VVool-
noth, London, is his lineal descendant.

d. Sir George in Ireland, and was knighted there 1606.

3. Francis of Mote, of full age 1592.

4. John, of full age 1592. Under full age 1583.

5. Arthur, 'brother to William Grame of Mote' {Af. MSS,)y

but his place in the list is uncertain. Perhaps father of

Arthur, alive 1662.
iii, Richard 2 of Mote, styled also of Brackenhill, married a daughter of
Allan Bateson of Eskdale and had issue five sons. Of these I
have only discovered the names of two —

I. Richard of Brackenhill, probably the eldest son, was
banished to Ireland in 1607. He returned and was
buried at Arthuret in 1644. He married his cousin,
Margaret, daughter of John Graham of the Netherby
branch, and had issue —

a. Richard of Brackenhill, buried at Arthuret 1641,

married Lucy , and had issue —

(i) Richard of Brackenhill, baptized at Arthuret
1626, buried there 1694, married Elizabeth

, and had issue —

(a) Richard of Brackenhill, baptized at
Arthuret 1650; will proved at Car-
lisle 1722; married Jane , and

had issue —
(i) Fergus, baptized at Arthuret
1695, dic<i infant (?) ; (2) Lucy ;
(3) Ann; (4) Eleanor ; (5) Jane;
(6) Mary Dorothy.
(H) Mary, baptized 1656 ; (c) Francis,
baptized 1665, buried 1687.
(ii) James, baptized 1630 ; (iii) Arthur, baptized
1635, buried 1684 (perhaps the man who
erected the tomb to Col. Graham) ; (iv)

^ 'Here Ives the Body of Lieutenant CoUonel William Graham of Mote, Esq., who
loyally served the Crown of England in the Reigns of Queen Elizabeth, King James the
Sixth, Kine Charles the First, and King Charles the Second, and dyed the 19th of May
1657, in the 94th year of his age. Erected by Mr. Arthur Grahame, his nephew
( ? grandnephew, grandson of Richard of Brackenhill) 1662.* — M.I. Arthuret Church-
yard.

' Major Henry Graham, Mosely Vale House, Liverpool, has kindly supplied a pedi-
gree of the descendants of Richard of Mote and of Brackenhill, compiled from entries
in the Arthuret Parish Registers, Wills at Carlisle, and other official documents.

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Robert, baptized 1637; (y) Frances;
(vi) Jane.
2. Fergus, buried at Arthuret 1643.
iv. George, married a daughter of Edward Urwen of Bonshaw; 'is

become Scottish ' {B, MSS.).
V. John, styled * of Sandhills.'

vi. Christopher, styled * Fergies Cristie,' * Englishman ' {B. MSS.\
had two sons —

I. Robert; 2. Francis, both alive 1592.
vii. Robert, styled * Hobbe.'
viii. Francis, became Scottish.

ix. A daughter, married Armstrong.

X. A daughter, married Hector Armstrong of Harlaw.
Some of the descendants of Fergus of Mote were amongst those trans-
ported to Ireland or to Flanders. The two knights, his great grandsons,
welcomed, as we have already seen, their cousins of the Netherby branch
on their arrival in Dublin. The Irish (Carew) State Papers show that Sir
Richard and Sir George were men of importance. I do not know how or
when Mote passed from its old owners. There is, I think, a tradition
that some of the old family are or were until lately to be found on the
borders.

3. The third son of William Graham was Thomas, of full age 1541.
He had issue —

i. David, styled * of the Bankhead.'

ii. George, styled *Thomies Gorth.' He married a sister of
William Kinmont, by whom he had a son —

1. Alexander, of full age 1592, and

2. a daughter, married Thomas Carleton.
iii. Christopher, iv. Archibald.

4, The fourth son of William Graham was Hugh, styled * Hutchin,' of
full age 1541. He had issue —

i. Andrew, married a daughter of David Johnstone of Annan-
dale,
ii. Robert, married a daughter of Edward Urwen of Bonshaw.
iii. Arthur,
iv. Richard, married a daughter of Adam Carlyle in Annandale.

5, The fifth son of William Graham was John, styled * of the Braids,'
of full age 1541. He had issue —

i. Richard, styled 'Medhope,' married a sister of Edward

Urwen of Kirkpatrick.
ii. William, married a sister of Johnstone of Gretna,
iii. John, styled * Braids Jock,' married a daughter of Edward

Urwen of Bonshaw.
iv. Simon, v. Fergus, vi. Francis, vii. John.

6. The sixth son of William Graham was William, styled * Carlill,' of
full age 1 54 1. He had issue —

i. Arthur of Carlill, styled by Stow the Chronicler *a notable
thief.' The B, MSS. states that he Ms Scottish, dwelleth
at Red Kirk.' He had issue a daughter, married her
cousin, Richard Graham of Netherby.

ii. Fergus of Nunnery, 'dwelleth on ground given him by
King Henry' (^.Jf55.).

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iii, William, styled * Boretrees.*

iv. George, styled * Gorth of CarlilL'

7. The seventh son of William Graham was also named William. He
was styled * of the Fald,' and had issue —

i. Robert * of the Fald/ married a daughter ^ of the laird of
Hawmans. He had (besides possibly sons) daughters —

1. Married Edward Urwen of Bonshaw, * young

Edwar.'

2. Married before 1583 Walter Graham, possibly

Walter son of George, third son of Richard
of Netherby.
ii. William *of the Fald,' married a daughter of Hector

Armstrong of Harlawe.
iii. George *of the Fald,' had issue a daughter, who married
Christopher Armstrong of Langholm.

8, The eighth son of William Graham was Arthur, mentioned in the
petition of 1537. He was slain 1541 {B, MSS,), and I know nothing
more of him.

Thus old William Graham, * Lang Willie * as he was usually styled, had
eight sons and thirty-three grandsons ready to join in the foray; the
power of such a family must have been immense. They had, moreover,
dependents — illegitimate slips, allies by marriage, — who regarded the
Lairds of Netherby and Mote as the chiefs of a band that guarded the
west borders from invasion and kept their larders filled with other men's
beeves. It was the old fashion, and, though not strictly honest, was
deemed honourable till James wisely compelled his northern and southern
subjects to live at peace with each other.

A. W, Cornelius Hallen.

653. Old Song. — The following Scots song is from a ms. collection of
Poems, written and collected by And. Simson, Schoolmaster at Stirling,
A.D. 1690: —

I.
Some men they do delight in hounds.
And some in hawks take pleasure ;
Some do rejoice in war and wounds.
And thereby gain their treasure.

Some men love in the sea to sail.

And some rejoice in riding ;
But all their judgements do them fail.

Oh ! no such thing as chiding.

3-
When in the morn I ope mine eyes

To entertain the day,
Before my husband e'er can rise,

I chide him — then I pray.

^ * 1594, Aug. 4. Robert Graham of the Fald, in the realm of Ingland, and Lucris
dochtir naturall to late Johnne, Lord Fleming.* — Register of Marriages, Stirling. Anfe
1610. * Robert Graham of the Fald bought lands in Bowness. — Deuton*s AccoutU ef
Cumberland Estates, p. 78.

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When I at table take my place,

Whatever be the meat,
I first do chide and then say grace,

If so disposed to eat

S-
Too fat, too lean, too hot, too cold,

I ever do complain ;
Too raw, too roast, too young, too old,

Faults I mWfind, ox feign.

Let it be flesh, or fowl, or fish.

It never shall be said
But I '11 find fault with meal or dish.

With water or with mead.

But when I go to bed at night

I heartily do weep
That I must part with my delight —

I cannot scold and sleep.

However, this doth mitigate

And much abate my sorrow —
What though to-night may be too late,

I '11 early scold to-morrow.

W. B. C.

654. Paleolithic Man in Scotland (ix., p. 131). — I read with interest
the account in the last Scottish Antiquary by Mr. Smith of the Palaeolithic
workshop discovered by him in a railway cutting at Dalmuir. About the
same time I happened to be reading The Deserts of Southern France^ by
the Rev. S. Baring-Gould, recently published. In it there is a description
of a similar workshop in the C^l^ valley near Cahors, which mutato nomine
might almost stand for Mr. Smith's. There is in both the protecting cliff
behind and the river in front, with a gently sloping plateau between them,
upon which our ancestors established their factories. One diflference, how-
ever, exists between them, viz., the material worked upon. At Dalmuir the
only remains seem to be of the flint or stone itself, whether of the finished
weapon or of the chips resulting from its fabrication ; but at C^l^, the flint
seems to have been fashioned, not so much into weapons for direct use, as
into tools for the fashioning of arrow heads, spear points, etc., out of bone
and reindeer horn. The passage occurs, vol. i., p. 160. W. J. H.

I have been much interested in the discoveries of the Rev. Frederick
Smith, Glasgow, detailed and illustrated in the Scottish Antiquary (ix.
p. 97). Having observed similar deposits in this neighbourhood, a short
notice of these may be valuable for comparison.

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1 68 The Scottish Antiquary ;

My attention was first attracted in 1885 to the features local to this
district by the discovery of a skelb of flint projecting from the side of an
excavation at Camphill, Broughty-Ferry. This led to a search, and the
discovery of other flints, and the presence of a black band such as Mr.
Smith describes. In the following year I communicated a notice of my
discovery and investigations to the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland (see
Proceedings of that Society, vol. xx. p. 166), from which I extract the
following, with reference to the black band, supplemented by subsequent
observations of other sections of this band in the district.

The depth at which the black band lay varied in consequence of the
varying thickness and number of the overlying strata, but the following
particulars may be taken as fairly representative. First, then, the upper
surface, — a vegetable soil from nine inches to one foot thick in several
parts, covered with trees of about fifty years' growth. This rested on
a stratum of dark-coloured sandy earth, varying from eighteen inches to
four feet in thickness. Beneath lay an old land surface from nine to
sixteen inches thick, consisting of a dark earthy deposit, containing gravel
and many small pieces of rock and broken stones, apparently formed from
the surface-washings of the hill which rises to the north, and forming
a deposit so toughly consolidated as to require the full force of the pick to
break it up. Then came a band of pure sand from one foot to three feet
in thickness. Under this lay an intensely black band, six to nine inches
thick, resting on a bed of pure yellow sand. In the black band were found
the flints referred to, and many smooth water-rounded pebbles of quartzite,
whole or in fragments, and angular pieces of stone which may or may not
have been such fragments.

Now, it may be more than a coincidence that the characteristics of my
discovery correspond so closely with that of Mr. Smith's that I can
truthfully borrow his language to describe them. He says, *This black
earth had the appearance of soot, it soiled the hands in its wet condition,'
* very small fragments of charred wood occurred commonly in it,' * out of
the vegetable ashes, for that is what the deposit was, there came sharp-
edged stones, splinters and fragments,' *the occurrence throughout the
whole thickness of the ashes of the same sharp angular stones,' and again,
*we cannot separate the ashes from a human agency, nor can we the
contents of such ashes. If these contents are a counterpart of the split
(and shaped) stones ... in immediate association, these must be humanly
associated also.'

In these conclusions I entirely concur. Only in one particular did my
observation differ from Mr. Smith's, but that is a very important one, and
in quoting from him I have ventured to italicise and bracket that differ-
ence as being the one particular in which his description did not apply to
the black band in this district.

In all the fractured stones I examined (I am not here referring to the
flints, some of which bore indubitable evidence of shaping) I did not find a
single stone which I could say evinced any sign of intention in its shape.
The stones enclosed in the black band, as I have said, consisted mostly of
fragments of water-rolled pebbles. Occasionally a whole pebble would be
met with, but it was almost always cracked and ' crackle '-marked in all
directions, and commonly required only a slight tap to split it up. Occa-
sionally, also, a fragment of trap-rock would be found, but this was not
to be wondered at seeing it is the prevailing rock of the hill. Sometimes

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a bright brick-red apparently burned stone would occur, but nothing like
evidence of design anywhere. The stones were confined to the. black
band Nothing like them was found in any of the overlying or underlying
strata. The pebbles were mostly all of a size running from four or five to
six or eight inches long, and it seems impossible to avoid the conclusion
that they owed their presence in the band to human agency, and probably
the same agents to whom the flints and wood-ashes in the black band were
attributable. It seems strange that the genius which shaped the flints
(although simply skelbs showing the bulb of percussion and cores) should
have left no evidence of shaping power on any of the other stones, yet so
it was. The water-rounded pebbles were carefully examined for marks of
abrasion on the ends or sides, such as characterise hammer-stones and
anvils; but no such marks were found Then an interesting question
arises, was the fire fracture intentional or was it accidental, arising from
some use of the stones in their perfect condition ? ^

Whatever answer may be forthcoming to this question, the conclusion
I came to was that, be the object what it might which was originally served
by gathering together so many pebbles of practically uniform dimensions,
the fracture of them (apparently by fire), whether intentional or accidental,
was wholly unaccompanied by any evidence of any other or subsequent
attempt at shaping. Indeed, fire-fractured stones of this type defy shaping
treatment.

Now although I did not find any shaped stones, that does not militate
against Mr. Smith having done so in the black band he describes, and doubt-
less the supposed implements will be examined with much interest by
archaeologists. But I may be permitted to express an opinion that the
supposition of intentional shaping of * Felstone rocks,'Jwhich Mr. Smith
states composed the larger number of the stones he describes, ought to be
received with caution.

Palaeolithic implements are usually of flint, chert quartz, argillite, etc.,
all of them descriptions of stone which readily yield to that process of
chipping which, rudely in palaeolithic times, more precisely in neolithic ages,
resulted in the formation of an artificial edge, of a section slightly less than
a right angle, so as to exhibit, when in use, the maximum of strength and
the minimum of liability to fracture — a process of treatment scarcely
possible in the case of trap-rock, which is characterised by a tendency to
split up into irregular angular fragments, and while it is quite possible that
such fragments, when of a size suited to the hand, may have been used in
early times, as in later times, as weapons of offence and defence, the same
could be said of any stone, but this is quite another thing from seeing in
the form of an angular fragment of whinstone an artificial intention.

I conclude that the presence of wood ashes and fire-fractured stones
beneath overlying strata as described points to a very 'early human occu-
pancy ; but since the overlying strata in both cases are in the geological
scale of the most recent description it may without further proof form a
question whether these deposits are old enough to warrant ascription to
Palaeolithic Man. A. Hutcheson.

Broughty-Ferry.

^ Some writers have suggested that heated stones may have been used in cooking
food in early times. For such a purpose, to secure cleanliness, and freedom from sand
or earth, smooth pebbles, such as described, would readily commend themselves. See
an article on Tht food of man in prehistoric iimes^ and the methods by which it wets
^eparcd, in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries ^ vol, viii. p. 177 (footnote).

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655. Old Sculptured Stone at Alloa. — At the meeting of the
Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, March nth, 1889, Peter Miller, Esq.,

F.S.A. Scot., read a paper on the standing stones of Alloa and Clack-
mannan. Of the first of these two stones two views are given. It has

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171

been also represented in Dr. Stuart's Sculptured Stones of Scotland, Mr.
Miller remarks that the lines are growing indistinct and the stone more

\id^jr-M

weather-worn. In the cuts supplied by Mr. Miller the lines are, I venture
to think, a little too much accentuated for a faithful representation of it

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in 1884; if not, the photos taken in the autumn of 1894 show that during
the last ten years this most interesting monument has decayed consider-
ably. At present it stands in the open park, without any railing to
protect it from cattle. The noble owner of the estate is now, however,
taking such steps as are necessary to guard it from further injury. Our
readers are referred to Mr. Miller's paper for a learned and interesting
disquisition on the history of the old cross. £d.

656. Old Edinburgh Registers {continued from vol. ix./. 142). —

Aug. 4. Thomas allane and Margaret somervell

„ „ Robert broun and Christiane cousland.

„ II. Thomas broun and Agnes maxwell.

„ „ William frenche and Beatrix denholme.

„ 25. William ramsay and Helene creichtoun.

„ „ Arthour stratoun and Agnes schort.

„ „ James donaldsonne and Marioune donaldsonne

,, „ Michaell hog and alesonne thomesonne.

„ „ Robert galbraith and Jonatt Cochrane.

„ „ Johnne dalzell and Isobell smyth.
Sept I. David groundestoun and Katharene howstoun.

„ „ Alex' smart and Isobell burges.

„ 8. Edward henrysonne and Christiane weir.

„ 15. Mr. James mureheid and Jonat dannelstonn.

„ „ James rychardsonne and Margaret Arthe.

„ „ Robert fouller and Geillis adame.

„ 22. Johnne wilsone and Katharene thomesonne.

„ „ Adam gibsonne and Jonat wilkie.

,, 29. Alex' howie and Jonat blak.
Oct. 6. Mr. NicoU broun and Agnes grahame.

„ 13. Nicoll M'bene (?) and Agnes gib.

„ 20. Thomas hodge and Christiane carmychaell.

„ „ Andro wilsonne and Jonat Walterstonne.

„ „ James Dischingtonn and Jonat sincler.

„ „ William hamilton and Sibilla uddart.

„ 27. David rychardsonne and Abigail ferker.

Nov. 10. Rychard aitkin and Bessie rychardsonne.

„ „ Raynold murray and Elspaith hutchesonne.

„ „ William ray and Issobell broun.

„ 17. Mr. Johnne russall and Marioun carmychaell.

„ „ David hog and Margaret bartilmo.

„ „ Mychell tennent and Agnes coxwelL

„ 24. George grene and Helene wat.
Dec. I. Thomas lumisdane, marchant, and Katharene hutchesonne.

„ 8. Alexander adamesonne iiichant and Katharene colt.

„ „ Arthour abirnathie, taillor, and Isobell heriot.

„ 15. Robart bauchop, marchant, and Jonat abirnathie.

„ „ Johne carsewell, flescher, and Helene gudelet

„ „ George mureheid, marchant, and Jonat danielstonn.

„ „ Donald danskyne, baxter, and Marioun symsone.

Feb. 9. Alex' neurie, marchant, and Jonat williamsonne.

„ „ William trumbill, marchant, and Jonat foster.

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Feb. 16. James murdow and Jonat wilsonne.

„ „ James moresonne and Jonat Denholme.

„ 23. Johnne clerk, skynner, and Janie penman.
Mar. 16. James nicoll and Marioun stevinsonne.

1597.

April 1 3. Johnne allane, fischmonger, and Margaret currie.
„ „ Roger stevinson, marchant, and Begis harlaw.
„ 20. Josias riccart, crosletmaker, and Elspaith smyth.
„ ,1 Robart lawsoune, cuik, and Jonat laing.
„ 27. Johnne hutoun, booydister, and Margaret rankene.
„ „ William lowsonne, Qchant, and Jonat lockie.
May 4. Nicoll hendersone, flescher, and Sibilla twedie.
„ „ Rychert moifet, baxter, and Bessie wynter.
„ „ Johnne broun, stabler, and Jonat ramp.
„ 1 7. Robert ker, taillor, and Marioun scot.
„ „ William baird, stabler, and Marioun peinie.
„ 25. George bard, flescher, and Jonat levingstoun.
June I. William Zourstoun and Isobell thorbrand.
„ „ James reid, couper, and Kathrene andersonne.
'„ „ Robert begtoun and Jonat mark.
„ „ Johnne Hamiltoun and Agnes Jaksonne.
June. 8. Walter Moifet, fichant, and Jonat crawford.
„ „ Archibald Killoche, taillor, and Sara clerk.
„ „ Thomas krowe, baxter, and Bessie ross.
„ „ And. blackie, cuik, and Agnes aikman.

Johnne meldrome, taillor, and Christiane prest.
James wynrahame, writter, and Jeane Swyntoun.
Nathaniell fiddie (?), baxter, and Jonat Neurysoune.
David wryght, flesheur, and Christiane hudsone.
Robert lambie and Jonat Lamot.

Edward Mackalschone, fichant, and Katharine cauldwell.
Thomas pennicuik, baxter, and Margaret schort
James M'Nacht, skynner, and christiane Grahame.
James Greham (?), maltman, and Elspaith Gibsonne.
James Wauche, fleshor, and Bessie forrest.
Johnne Quhyt, workman, and Margaret Weir.
„ „ Robert Stewart and Katharine fischer.
„ •„ Johnne Davidsonne. flescher, and Marguret Stirling.
„ 24. William patersone, fichant, and Agnes Mathers.
„ „ Leonard Alex'., and Jonat Dykes.
„ „ Alex' Hardie, travelor, and Margaret Leirmount.
„ „ William trumbill, fichant, and Jonat bougtoun.
„ „ Mr. William hourne and Agnes scharp.
„ „ William beatoun, brondster, and Marioun fouUis.
„ 31. George huntlie, taillor, and Jonat bavarage.
„ „ Johnne Eistoun, candilmaker, and Margaret Davie.
„ „ Gawane ross, writtar, and Jonat My Her.
Sep. 7. Johnne M*Caull, workman, and Margaret robesonne.
„ 14. James flemling, advocat, and Isobell Moflet.
„ 21. Nicoll forsyth, marchant, and Agnes Hamiltoun.
„ „ Mychaell adamesoune, fleschour, and Isobell Drysdaill.

14.

22.

29.

Juiy

13-

Aug.

27.

17-

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1 74 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Sep. 28. Johnne Oswall and Jonat Moseman.
Oct. 12. Hew broun and Isobell hunter.

,, 19. Johnne Dun, fichant, and Bessie Miller.
Nov. 2. Johnne Spottiswood, fichant, and Barbara Dunkesoune.
9. Johnne Williamsoune, taillour, and Begis Grahame.
23. Henrie henrysoune, taillor, and Margaret Craford.
„ David Lenox, cordenor, and Margaret Moresoune.
30. Thomas M*call, writter, and Elspaith fairlie.
„ Johnne patersonne, cordener, and Hellene Wilsone.
(To be continued,)

657. Abernethv: Early History of, desiderated. — The history of
Christianity in Abernethy parish during Celtic and Mediaeval times has
much more than a parochial value, but till lately it has not received the
attention it deserves. There have only been stray references to the
subject. Readers of the Scottish Antiquary were indebted to Mr. James
Ronaldson Lyell for his instructive articles on the Pedigree of Pitcairn of
Innemethy, in the same parish, which appeared in the July and October
numbers. One or more articles by Mr. Lyell on the former ecclesiastical
state of the parish would certainly enlist the sympathy of not a few readers
of the magazine. J. M. Mackinlay, F.S. A.Scot.

658. Account of a Journey into Scotland, 1629. — The following
contains the greater portion of the contents of a i2mo volume, preserved
amongst the Lonsdale mss. and printed by the His. Mss. Com. (Rep. xiii.
part vii.) : we have left out a somewhat tedious account of the Law
Courts. We think that what we have printed will interest our readers.

*C. Lowther. j Our Journal into Scotland

Mr. R. Fallow. > a.d. 1629, 5TH of November,

Peter Manson. j from Lowther.

From Carlisle,

*From Carlisle to the river Leavens 4 miles, in that space is wet
moorish mossy ground all but a little by the river side, which is good.
From Leavens to the river Esk 2 miles, all this space is plain very good
ground, most corn ground, all betwixt these two rivers are of Barronet
Grame land and the debateable land which is divided appertaining to
England; the whole length of Sir Rich. Grame's purchase is some 16
miles down to Sarkfoot it is some 6 or 7 miles broad for 14 miles some
2 or 3 miles broad towards Sarkfoot : it is most of it good. There is
betwixt Esk and Leavens, the church of Arthuret built by a stock
gathered through the whole kingdom of England, being about 1500
pounds, Mr. Curwen parson of the same procurer of it. By this church
is the Howe end where the thieves in old time met and harboured. From
over passing from Esk to Dunedale Dike or Sike along Esk is almost
2 miles, which Dike is the division of the debateable land first agreed on
in Hen. VPs time, but now gotten exemplified in Scotland by Barronet
Grame sed plus vide de eo. From Carlisle they use stacking of corn, on
forward into Scotland. The houses of the Graemes ^ that were are but
one little stone tower garretted and slated or thatched, some of the form

^ These must have been the old Grahams of Nctherby dispossessed i6oo (see p.
162).

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of a little tower not garretted ; such be all the leards' houses in Scotland.
The Good Man of Netherby ^ in the Wood is the chief of the Greames.
The debateable land is three miles long and 3 broad, Soleine moss is on
debatable land beyond Esk in Arthuret parish. Within a mile of the
Erix Stond beside Moffat in Annandale rise the three great rivers Annan
running W. through Annandale ; Clyde, north ; Tweed, east.

* From Dunedale Sike to against Canonby some 4 miles, and from this
Dunedale Sike to Langliam almost on both sides of Esk which is 8
miles is L. Bucplewes land all ; and on the east side of Esk to Selkerigg
which is 4 miles along the river Esk, from Canonby to Langholm be
good woods on the E. side, Helliwearekoog and Langham wood on the
W. side, and Hollow- wood through which is our way to Langham,
and 3 miles from Langham, over Langham wood is n»y L. Bucp : colepits.
Along the river of Eske is very good grounds, on the height is waste
but good ground, and the most part beyond Esk towards Berwick is
waste.

* Langham is my Lord Maxfeild's but my Lord Buckpleugh hath it
and all his land there mortgaged and is thought will have it. My Lord
Maxfield hath gotten it to to be a merket within this 5 years, and hath
given them of Langham and Erkenham land to them with condition
to build good guest houses within a year. We lodged at John a
Foorde's at my Lord Maxfeild's gate where the fire is in the midst of the
house ; we had there good victuals, as mutton, midden fowie, oat bread
cakes on the kirdle baked the 5 th part of an inch thick ; wheat bread,
ale, aquavitae. Robert Pringle: Courts Barons and Burghs may
hang and order any other causes, hang if offenders be taken with the
manner of the deed, but it must be within 24 hours, but if after then
then there must be a commission gotten that they may have a jury which
consisteth of 15, the first of which is called the chancellor and hath two
voices, they go by votes, and the jury is to be elected out of the whole
sheriffdom.

* At Langham, Arche my Lord Maxfeild's steward, bestowed ale and
aquavitae; we laid in a poor thatched house the wall of it being one
course of stones, another of sods of earth, it had a door of wicker rods,
and the spider webs hung over our heads as thick as might be in our
bed. Mr. Curwen, parson of Arthuret sent his man over to Langham
to get Arche to get us a lodging in Lord Maxfeild's house because of the
outlaws in the town at that time, but the keys were at Arche's house 4
miles off so that we could not otherwise. We had my uncle Fallow-
field [who] could not sleep the night for fear of them, neither would he
suffer us the rest of his company to sleep ; that night also did Mr. Robert
Pringle hearing my uncle Fall, was going to Edinburgh come after him,
bestowed beer and acquavitae of us and writ commendatory letters for us
to Sir James Pringle sheriff of Ethrick, and to Edinburgh, and of all there
we were kindly used, and Mr. Pringle the next day set us a great part of
the way to Selkrig, At the Langham the river Eues where we come into
Eusedale runneth into Esk.

*The Saturday being the 7th of November anno dni. 1629 went we
to Eskerigg, the way is most of it a valley, rivers all the way till we be
almost to Selkerig, along the which rivers is excellent good ground, the

^ Sir Richard Graham who purchased Netherby from the Earl of Cumberland (see
p. 162).

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176 The Scottish Antiquary :

mountams on both sides the river be very green good sheep pasture,
and many places of them very good long grass. All the churches we see
were poor thatched and in some of them the doors sodded up with no
windows in almost till we came at Selkrig, a sheep grass here abouls
and about Langham is is. 6d. a year, a beast grass 2s. or 2s. 6d., butter
is some 6s. a stone, they have little or nothing enclosed, neither of com
ground, woods, or meadow, they have very little hay unless at a knight,
leard, or lord's house some very little. They use all or most part over
Scotland (except in Murray land which is the finest country in Scotland
for all kinds of fruit, corn, and of trees, and all other necessaries, it
being most part enclosure) no enclosure but staff herding each man though
he have but one beast whether of his own or of others taken to grass
night and day. They used too in these parts to cut off the wool of the
sheep's bellies that they may go better among the ling to feed, and their
sheep skins of fiayne or dead sheep they spelke them and hang them up
in their fire houses to dry, partly because they will sell better, but chiefly
because they sell them by a great company together to sell them and
hanging them so will keep them. A sheep greaser will grease some 40
sheep a day ; some use for sheep instead of tar the gilly which cometh off
broom sodd in water, and make salve of it with butter, as they do tar,
and grease with it, this learned I of Sir James Pringle of Gallowsheilds,
and because I was treating of sheep I thought good to put it in this day's
travel, being Friday. The distances from Langham to Eus Church
besides Micledale HoU 4 miles, betwixt Langham and this place was
it that my Lord Buckpleugh did wapp the outlaws into the dubb. From
thence to the Frosterly burne head, after the crossing of which we enter
into Tuidale, where the way that leadeth to Hawick called the Read road
on the right hand hand meeteth with the way that leadeth to Edinburgh,
on the left hand. From thence to Milcinton my Lord Bodwell's where
the coal pits be on the hill side beside Teat river. From thence to the
Bum foot 4 miles, from thence to Askerton Kirk one mile along the
river Ayle, at which kirk we drank at the vicar's house taken by an ale-
house keeper, from thence to an old gentleman's house a mile on this
side of Selkrigg where we enter into Etherikke forest, 2 miles. Just on
this side is there a fair lough half a mile long, about 340 yards broad,
much fish in it, and a boat on it ; at the end of it a fair house which the
Leard of Riddall purchased it of Sir Robert Scott of Havin the name of
the house purchased.

* From Selkrigge to Sir James Pringle on Sunday in the morning the
8th of November. At Selkerigg we lodged at goodman RiddalFs, a burgess
of the town, the which town is a borough regal, for antiquity the 15 in
the kingdom of Scotland ; it is governed by two bailiffs, they keep courts
of themselves and may hang and punish according as their custom is.
They have a very pretty church where the hammermen and other trades-
men have several seats mounted above the rest, the gentlemen below
the tradesmen in the ground seats; the women sit in the high end of
the church, with us the choir, there is one neat vaulted porch in it, my
Lord Bucplewgh's seat is the highest in the church and he hath a proper
passage into it in at the outset of the vaulted porch. On a corner of
the outside of the choir is fastened an iron chain with {sic) at a thing they
caUed the Jogges, which is for such as offend but especially women
brawlers, their head being put through it, and another iron in their

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mouth, so abiding foaming till such time as the bailiffs please to dismiss
them, it being in the time of divine service. The form of it is a cross
house, the steeple fair, handsomely tiled as the Royal Exchange at
London, it having at each corner 4 pyramidal turrets, they call them
pricks; my Lord Maxfeild's house at Langham being of the form of
the steeple. For the repair of the churches, their presbyteries impose
taxation on the parishioners, the parson of the church looketh that
accordingly they be repaired and if any paid not his tax he is put to the
home. The church was tiled upon close joined boards and not lats. In
the town there were many fine buildings for hewn stones but thatched, it
is as great as Appleby. The women are churched before the service
begins; through Scotland the people in church when the parson saith
any prayers they use a hummering kind of lamentation for tlieir sins.
The inhabitants at Selkrig are a drunken kind of people. They have
goods victuals througout the kingdom, unless it be towards the South-
west, but cannot dress it well. Here had we a choking smoky
chamber, and drunken unruly company thrust in upon us called for
wine and ale and left it on our score. About this town and all the way to
Edinburgh is good ground, but nearer Edinburgh the better and still more
spacious.

* From Selkerigge to 2 miles, Ettrick and Yarrow, 2 rivers, running
through Ettrick Forest, which is a sheriffdom (as Richmondshire in
Yorkshire) in Tividale. There be yet some woods of Ettrick Forest
along tiie two rivers remaining. Yarrow runneth into Ettrick about
half a mile or more from Selkrige, and about a mile lower runneth Ettrick
into Tweed, and about half a mile beneath that we take coble over
Tweed, the form of it as it were half of one of our barks. From
to Gallowsheilds, 2 miles, to which place is excellent good ground, and to
Sir James Pringle his house did we go and there were we wondrous
courteously entertained, he is one of the best husbands in the country as
appeareth by his planting and suffering his tenants to hold on him by
planting 6 fruit trees or 12 other trees, and if they fail, to pay for every
tree not planted 4d., he also finding two fullers mills and two corn mills.
The town is a borough-barony, he himself is the sheriff of Ettrick and
hath been these three years together, he is also a commissioner in the
same Sheriffdom, of which there be divers in all the sheriffdoms of Scot-
land, they being of the nature of our justices of assize in their circuits,
above justices of peace ; he is also a convener of justice, a justice of peace,
he is a great man in his country. There are of the Pringles, some 8
miles up Gallowater, gentlemen all of pretty seats and buildings. On the
Sunday as soon as we came to the town we alighted and went to the
church to him, he took us into his own seat, the one of the one side of
him, and the other of the other side, we heard a good sermon, the fore and
afternoon, there was the finest seats I have anywhere seen, and the order-
liest church. Beside him is the Meageld hill, which word Meageld was a
watch word to gather those of a company when they were dispersed in
war. He hath a very pretty park, with many natural walks in it, arti-
ficial ponds and arbours now a making, he hath neat gardens and
orchards, and all his tenants through his care, he hath abundance of
cherry trees, bearing a black cherry, some of which I see to be about 30
yards high, and a fathom thick, great store of sycamores, trees he calleth
silk trees, and fir trees. He gave very great respect, and said he heard of

VOL. IX. — NO. XXXVI. M

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178 The Scottish Antiquary ;

my father's fame. I see there the finest gun I ever beheld which was
the King of Spain's. In Scotland the wives alter not their surnames.
They served up the dinner and supper with their hats on before their
master, each dish covered with another, then was there a bason withheld
for to wash our hands before we sat down, then being seated Sir James
said grace. Their cheer was big pottage, long kale, bo we or white kale,
which is cabbage, " breoh sopps," powdered beef, roast and boiled mutton,
a vension pie in the form of an egg goose, then cheese, a great company
of little bits laid on a pewter platter, and cheese also uncut, then apples,
then the table-cloth taken off and a towel the whole breadth of the table
and half the length of it, a bason and ewer to wash, then a green carpet
laid on, then one cup of beer set on the carpet, then a little long lawn
serviter, plaited up a shilling or little more broad, laid cross over the
corner of the table and a glass of hot water set down also on the table,
then be there three boys to say grace, the ist the thanks-giving, the 2nd
the pater noster, the 3rd a prayer for a blessing to God's church, the
good-man of the house, his parents, kinsfolk, and the whole company,
they then do drink hot waters, so at supper, when to bed, the collation
which [is] a doupe of ale ; and also in the morn and at other times
when a man desireth to drink one gives them first beer holding him the
narrow serviter to dry his mouth with, and a wheat loaf and a knife,
and when one hath drunk he cutteth him a little bread in observance of
the old rule, Incipe aim liquido sicco finire memento. When we
came away in the morn having walked abroad into park, gardens, and
other places, and having very well with rost &:c. {sic^ Sir James set us
2 miles, and his 2nd, his eldest son better than 4, and writ us letters to
Edinburgh. The Pringles glory in that they were never but on the
King's part in all the troublesome times, and they therefore of the states
were envied, for they never "lowped" out with any of the lords nor were
attainted.

* Sir James told us of a man that said to king James when he was
hunting that he would show him a buck that would let him take him by
the baaes, stones, speaking jestingly. At Sir James' house they have a
thing called a palm in nature of our ferula, but thicker, for blasphemers.
England and Scotland wooed roughly before they wedded. Sir John
Scott one of the secret council is his son's wife's father.

* Gallow water runneth into Tweed about a mile beneath Gallowsheilds
and a little beneath its meeting with Tweed on Tweed there hath been
a very strong fortified bridge having the tower yet standing which was
the gate to the bridge in old time. 3 miles over the hills side on
Gallowsheilds is Lauderdale, Lauder itself being one of the ancientest
burghs there abouts who will take toll on the King. In it dwell many
of the Landers, one of whose houses is very fine one, there running a
river hard by it called Lauder. Of this Lauderdale Viscount Metlin or
Matlin is viscount. The gentlemen and gentlewomen call their men and
maids Misters and Mistresses.

* From Gallowsheilds to Windeleys, one of the Pringles, 2 miles, it
stands in a dale up which dale is a pretty wood on our left hand ; within
the sight of the same side another of the Pringles, his house is called
Torretleys on the other side of the water on the right hand is another
of them, his house is called Buckholme, and by the water side he hath a
wood called the Buckholme. From thence to Herret*s houses, a guest-

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house where we alighted, is 8 miles, in which space we crossed the
Gallowater some 20 times. From thence to Fallow Burne where we
enter into Lowden one mile, from the Fallow Burne to Borthacke
Castle I mile, from thence to Stobhill 2 miles, where all the coal pits
are of the Leard of Erniston, a Seton, and Stonnobiars a lord's seat that
was standing in a wood along a river side, all which now Seton the
leard of Erniston hath bought of the Lord of Steanbiars, which
Erniston for his wealth might buy out a lord or two. From the
Stobhill in view on our left hand some 4 miles off is Erniston, a fine
seat, from the Stobhill to Dawertey upon the river Keeth and a stone
bridge over it, my Lord Ramsey's house seated on a rock, a fine building ;

1 mile from thence down the river Keeth not in sight and out of our
way my lord of Newbattell who sticked himself. From my Lord
Ramsey's in our way to Laswade a market town one mile, it is seated on
a goodly river and a stone bridge over it called the South river. From
the Laswade to Liberton church 2 miles, from Liberton to Edinburgh

2 miles. The hemisphere's circumference from Edinburgh is mountains,
as is Westmoreland from about Lowther, but something plainer, and
their mountains not so high. In view from Edinburgh 4 miles south-
wards is Keeth, a borough where all the witches are burned, and Earl
Morton's house is.

* There is also in view from Edinburgh's craggs Musselburgh upon the
Frith's side some 4 or 5 miles off where the famous battle was fought
betwixt the Scotch and English. From Edinburgh about a mile
eastwards is Leith, the chief haven, having belonging to it 150 sail of
ships holding about 200 tons. The lords, merchants, and gentlemen
join in putting out ships to take prizes of which we saw some 3 or 4
French and Flemings they had taken, there is a pretty harbour. This
town was taken and burnt by the Frenchmen in Queen Elizabeth's time,
and she sent the English which did remove them, some houses we saw
which were burnt but not yet re-edified ; before that time it was walled
about, but now it is yet better than Carlisle, having in it two fairer
churches for inwork than any I saw in London, with two seats-royal in
either. There be also two hospitals one of which the sailors built, the
other the tradesmen, there is a stone bridge over the river Leith here,
hard by the town be oysters dragged which go to Newcastle, Carlisle
and all places thereabouts, they being under 3^. the 100. All their
churches be lofted stage wise about Edinburgh, Leith, &c., the women
at Leith in one church had loose chairs all along before the men's seats.
It is governed by two bailiffs. Eniskeith an isle in the Firth, a mile or
two by water from Leith is famous for a fort on a rock in the same
which the Frenchmen took when they took Leith (the English built it),
and left a remembrance of their being there written in latin on stone.
At Leith dwelleth my Lady Lincey who married her 6 daughters to 6
knights. On our right hand as we go to Leith is the castle of Stenick,
old and ruinated ; the town of Leith is a borough, but holding on
Edinburgh as Kingston-upon-HuU on York. The fort in Eniskeith
hath yet command of the sea if it be well manned it will hold a thousand
men. The passage in at the harbour at Leith is dangerous by reason of
spites {sic) and shelves, they cannot lash in but at a full sea. The harbour
is compassed in with wooden fabrics 3 fathoms high and about 2 broad,
strengthened by great stones thrown into the frame all but where the

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i8o The Scottish Antiquary ;

ships enter in at being but narrow. White wine was there at 3</. the
muskin, which is a pint.

* Beyond the Frith in the sight of Edinburgh is Bruntelin, a harbour,
town, and borough of regality, governed by a provost, who knoweth
my Lord of Bruntelin a Melvin, (sic) dwelling there and 2 bailiffs, and 2
officers and sergeants. Their provost in Scotland is in nature of our
mayor, bailiffs in nature of our sergeants-at-mace, or rather chosen to
aid them, the officers they arrest if the bailiffs give them but warrant by
word bid them, they are in nature of our bailiffs, and bear halberds.
Here is a church square built, and it hath a seat-royal in it, there are no
more churches in it, but yet they have a pretty '* towbeoth/ The Frith
betwixt Leith and Bruntelin or Kengoren 7 miles, a mile or two above
Bruntelin is Aberdour a the water running through
it, one side my Lord of Morton's, the other side my Lord Murray's, a
mile down from Bruntelin towards the main sea is Kingoren, a haven
for boats and barks, all within the view of Edinburgh crags, and a
borough regal, one Lyon is earl of it, one church ; hard by it is there a
spawewell.

* A mile beneath Kingorin is a borough regal and haven as big as Leith
called Kirkaldy a borough regal, one church one towbeoth.

*A mile beneath Kirkaldy is there another harbour for boats and
barks as Kingoren called Dysart the wealthiest and biggest of that coast.
Kirkaldy and this have markets every day in the week, Bruntelin and
Kingoren but one day, it is a borough regal, a mile beneath it is Weeraes,
a borough and barony on the sea-coast, no haven, and Colinn is lord of
Weemes.

* Now having gone about the circumference I will come to the centre
videlicet — Edinburgh, whither we came on the 9th of November ; there
dismounted we ourselves at Mrs. Robertson's the stabler in College-wind
where during our abode our horses were, and fed with straw and oats
no hay straw, 24 hours 3^. — oats 3^. a capp which is a hoop. From
thence we went to our lodging at Mrs. Russeirs in Bell-wind an agent
who is in nature of our English attorney's and three of us paid for our
chambers fire and bedding 10^. 24 hours which [is] 55. 10^. the week,
ordinary we had none but paid for what we called. That night being
wearied we rested ourselves, the next day viewed we their castle which
is mounted on stately rocks, having the whole town of Edinburgh,
Leith, and the sea in its eyes ; there is a fair pair of gates with stone cut
work but not finished, the porter had our swords to keep until we came
back again out of the castle, there were about some 20 pieces of ordnance
ready mounted, brass and iron, one piece of ordnance there was bigger
than any else either in the munition house or any other which I saw to
be about 4 yards long, and the diameter 20 inches, there being a child
gotten in it as by all it was reported, the bullet of stone she shooteth is
of weight 19 stone 4 pounds 3 ounces, after the troy-weight 20 pounds
to the stone ; there be great many of vaults some 6 yards by which the
castle keepers say would contain 1000 men. The building is no bigger
than Appleby castle, within it is a powder mill, corn mill, &c. There is
also a hewn stone well 30 fathoms deep, the water is drawn up with a
wheel which one goeth in, it is hewn so deep through a rock of blue-
stone ; there be little wooden watch-houses, to watch in every night.

( To be continued.)

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<?r, Northern Notes and Queries. 1 8 1

659. An Old Dunkeld Skal (ix., p. 33). — Mr. Rye writes, * There is
something queer about the date Keith gives Wm. Sinclair, Bishop of
Dunkeld, viz. : 1300-1324.' He was certainly Bishop from 1314 to 1332,
as will appear by the following references, and he may have occupied the
See at a much earlier period. In 13 14, as Bishop of Dunkeld, he is
recorded as defeating the English invaders at Inverkeithing ; in 1328 he is
present at the execution of an instrument between his brother. Sir Henry
of Roslin, and one Gilbert de Gardano ; and in 1332 he crowns Edward
Baliol King of Scotland.

In a certain semi-historical work, I have also come across the notice,
referring to Wm. Sinclair, *The Bishop of Dunkeld, who had fought against
the enemies of the Cross on the plains of Hungary, and was as brave a
soldier as ever drew a sword,* etc.

Henry the Minstrel refers to him thus : —

A prelate next unto Ardchattan came

Who of his lordship nought had but the name

He worthy was, both prudent, grave, and sage,

Of Sinclair blood, not forty years of age.

The pope, to save poor sinful souls from hell,

Did him create lord bishop of Dunkell.

But English men, through greed and avarice.

Deprived him basely of his benefice :

Not knowing then to whom to make his suit,

To save his life dwelt three full years in Bute,

During which space he was kept safe and sound,

And under the Lord Stewart shelter found,

Till Wallace, who won Scotland back with pain.

Restored him to his livings all again :

Good Bishop Sinclair, without longer stay,
Met him on Glammis, and travelled on the way
To Brechin, where they lodged all that night ;

and unto Perth repaired,
There Bishop Sinclair met them in a trice,
And wisely gave to Wallace his advice.

Good Bishop Sinclair is in Bute also.
Who, when he hears the news, will not be slow
To come and take his fate with cheerful heart ;
He never yet did fail to act his part.

Where Bishop Sinclair came to him on sight,
With clever lads from Bute, all young and tight (!)

The southron bishop that fled from Dunkel'
To London rode, and told all that befell.

Thus in defence the Hero ends his days,
Of Scotland's right, to his immortal praise ;
Whose valiant acts were all recooded fair,
Written in Latin by the famous Blair ;
Who at that time the champion did attend,
Was an eye-witness and his chaplain then ;
And after that, as history does tell.
Confirmed by Sinclair, Bishop of Dunkel*.

From all the foregoing it appears probable that Wm. Sinclair was
Bishop of Dunkeld from about 1300 till after 1332, and that an Enghsh

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1 82 The Scottish Antiqrmry ;

usurper held the See during the earlier portion of that interval Bishop
Sinclair's seal may possibly be affixed to the instrument of 1328, which
appears in the Roslyn Chartulary of Father Hay. 'Sanglare.'

660. Englishmen in Scotland {continued from page 40) —

1658. Jan. 17. John, son of Thomas Colling, Inglishman, and Helen

Lourimer.
„ Jan. 17. Thomas, son of Francis Clift, Inglishman, and Anna

Colyer.
„ Jan. 26. Anna, daughter of Thomas Rayner, Inglishman, and

Helen Hepburne.
„ Feb. 9. Jeane, daughter of Myles Pol ward, Inglishman, and

Jeane Ogilvie.
„ Mar. 7. Phillip, son of Thomas Alley, Inglishman, and Elizb.

Alley.
„ April 4. George, son of George Helder, Inglishman, and Margt

Petticrue,
,, April II. Jonet, daughter of John Jacksone, Inglishman, and

Cristane Patoun.
„ April 13. James, son of Pearsie Bowes, Inglishman, and Agnes

Gilfillane.
„ April 13. Marie, daughter of Andro Huskins, Inglishman, and

MargL Kincaid.
„ April 13. Marie, daughter of Robert Brambill, Inglishman, and

Marie Ker.
„ April 20. Margaret, daughter of Isach Hussie, Inglishman, and

Elizabeth Seaton.
„ April 25. Jonet, daughter of Jacob Joy, Inglishman, and Beatrix

Fisher.
„ May 1 1. John, son of Richard Weilland, Inglishman, and Euphame

Fairlie.
„ May 18. Robert, son of Robert Bolt, Inglishman, and Agnes Yoole.
„ May 18. Thomas, son of Thomas Stones, Inglishman, and Margaret

Robartsone (born in May 1655).
„ May 18. Francis, son of Thomas Stones, Inglishman, and Margaret

Robertsone, * the said having quat his opinion of ana-

baptistie.'
„ May 30. Issobell, daughter of William Gentillman, Inglishman,

and Cristain Marteen.
„ July 25. Elspeth, daughter of Thomas Watson, Inglishman, and

Elspeth Selbie.
„ Aug. 17. James, son of Josiah Dausone, Inglishman, and Margaret

Drummond.
„ Aug. 22. James, son of John Parker, Inglishman, and Margaret

Clerk.
„ Aug. 29. Issobel, daughter of Edward Lockin, Inglishman, and

Marjorie Tailzeour.
„ Sep. 7. Robert, son of Robert Bateman, Inglishman, and

Cristiane Hislope.
„ Sep. 12. John, son of John AUane, Inglishman, Glover, and Jonat

Makcleane.

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or. Northern Notes and Queries. 183

1658. Sep. 26. Thomas, baseborn son of late Thomas Couts, Inglishman,

and Jonat Archibald.
„ Sep. 28. Marie, daughter of late William Watsone, Inglishman,

and Issobel Reid.
„ Oct. 3. William, son of William Hay, Inglishman, and Cristiane

Gibsone.
„ Nov. 16. Margaret, baseborn daughter of AUane Manering,

Inglishman, and Margt. Aitkin.
„ Dec. 5. Richard, son of Richard Guytown, Inglishman, and

Isobell Ker.
„ Dec. 12. Thomas, son of Thomas Straiton, Inglishman, and Joan

Longford.
„ Dec. 13. John, son of Thomas Rayner, Inglishman, and Helene

Hepburn.

1659. Jan. 2. Marjorie, daughter of Richard Baird, Inglishman, and

Margaret Mudie.
„ Jan. II. John, son of John Layne, Inglishman, and Agnes Mylne.
„ Jan. 1 1. Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Mead, Inglishman, and

{sic).

„ Jan. 30. Thomas, son of John Welsh, Englishman, and Mary

Dobie.
„ Jan. 30. James, son of James Stanfeild, Englishman, and Alison

Sim.
„ Feb. 13. Sussana, daughter of John Conning, Inglishman, and

Catharen Aytoun.
,, Mar. 13. George, son of Abraham Lewis, Inglishman, and Jonet

Gremlay.
„ Mar. 15. John, son of John Corphie, Englishman, and Marioun

Martine.
„ Mar. 22. Thomas, son of Thomas Godwing, Englishman, and

Dorathie Goding.
„ April 19. Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Gesie (Elsie?), English-
man, and Bessie Davidson.
„ June 12. Sussana, daughter of Cave Mansfeild, Englishman, and

Alisonne Mansfeild.
„ July I. Elizabeth, daughter of William Barrett, Englishman, and

Ursla Barrett.
„ July 19. Marioun, daughter of John Harradyn, Englishman, and

Jonet Robertson.
„ Aug. 9. John, son of Thomas Gibs, Englishman, silkweiver, and

Margaret Vaus.
„ Aug. 1 2. Helene, baseborn daughter of John Carrall, Englishman,

and Elizabeth Gillespie.
,, Sep. 16. Francis, son of Robert Hargrave, Englishman, and Jonet

Jamesone.
„ Oct. 7. Jonet, daughter of Richard Wyllie, Englishman, and

Christane Craufurde.
„ Oct. 28. John, son of Henry Spyce, Englishman, and Margaret

Patmour.
„ Nov. I. Francisse, daughter of Michaell Dover, Englishman, and

Helene Johnstoun.
„ Dec. II. Lydia, daughter of late Francis Enderby, Englishman,

and Catharine Wilsone.

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1 84 The Scottish Antiquary ;

1659. Dec. 13. Charles, son of Charles Grahame, Englishman, and

Issobel Short.
„ Dec. 30. Agnes, daughter of Pearsie Bowis, Englishman, and
Agnes Gilphillane.

1660. Jan. 13. Elizabeth, daughter of Luke Dent, Englishman, and

Joyse Gray.
„ Jan. 31. William, son of George Helder, Englishman, and

Margaret Peticrue.
„ Jan. 31. Anna, daughter of Thomas Brown, Englishman, and

Katharin M'Millane.
„ Feb. 7. William, son of Robert South, Englishman, and Helene

Strang.
„ Feb. 12. Edward, son of Thomas Mead, Englishman, and Marie

Mead.
„ Mar. 9. Thomas, son of Nicolaus Gembill, Englishman, and

Sussana Rust.
„ Mar. 16. Jeane, daughter of John Wood, Englishman, and

Katharene Alexander.
„ Mar. 23. Helene, daughter of Thomas Stones, Englishman, and

Margt. Robertson.
„ Mar. 27. John, son of John Dason, Englishman, and Margaret

Dason.
„ April 22. William, son of William Nuttell, Englishman, and

Issobell Anderson.
„ April 24. John, son of John Ogden, Englishman, and Anna Ogden.
„ May I. John, son of Umphra Hatelie, Englishman, and Margaret

Williamsone.
„ May I. Katharene, daughter of Ralph Whallie, Englishman, and

Jonet Gillivorie.
„ May 4. Cristian, daughter of Edward Barrick, Englisman, and

Jonet Rosse.
„ May II. Henry, son of John Grene, Englishman, and Sara

Grene.
„ May 29. Issobell, daughter of William Irving, Englishman, and

Issobell Fermor.
„ May 29. John, son of John Richardson, Englishman, and

Marjorie Petrie.
„ June 8. John, son of James Parks, Englishman, and Elizabeth

Parks.
„ June 29. Williame, son of Robert Perkin, Englishman, souldier,

and Jeane Hay.
„ July 22. Joseph, son of Joseph Micah, English souldier, and

Marion Whyt
„ Sep. 2. Charles, son of William Butcher, Englishman, and

Katharene Younger; Mr. W"" Younger, Merchand

Burgess, Ed', presented the child, the father being in

London.
„ Sep. 21. Jarred, son of Jarrard beucher(?), Englishman, and

Dorathie Sinclar.

1 66 1. Jan. 8. Margaret, daughter of John Halywall, Englishman, and

Margaret Gray.
„ Mar. 16. James, son of John Barred, Englishman, aad Margaret
Badzenoch.

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oTy Northern Notes and Queries. 185

i66r. April 23. Charles, son of Richard Corly, alias Dischar, Englishman,
and Elizabeth Corly alias Dischar.
„ July 16, George, son of Simeon Stratoun, souldier in the Castle

of Edinb., and Margaret Logan.
„ Oct. 18. Elspeto, daughter of Edward Moss, Englishman, . and
Barbara Duncan.
1662. Jan. 17. Agnes, daughter of Thomas Benson, Englishman, and
Grace Sattenstall.
„ Feb. 1 1. Jonet, daughter of Robert Bolt, Englishman, and Agnes

Yoole.
„ Sep. 14. Issobel, daughter of Sipran Oats, Englishman, and Anna
Sinclar.

Searched to end of 1662.

661. Old Musselburgh Episcopal Register. — In the Scottish
Antiquary (viii. p. 132), mention was made of, and extracts given from
the old Register of St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, Glasgow. By the
kindness of the present Rector the Rev. R. C. Johnstone, I am able
to print a transcript of the two first leaves which form a portion of the
Registers of the Episcopal congregation at Musselburgh and Dalkeith of
which Mr. John Falconer had charge previous to his going to Glasgow in
December 1757. He succeeded at Musselburgh the Rev. William Forbes,
who married a second wife in May 1753 and possibly died or left the place
soon after, as Mr. Falconers first entry is dated August 1754. I believe
Mr. Forbes' Registers are lost, but the fragment preserved at Glasgow is I
think worth printing. Ed.

T. A Register of Children Baptized by John Falconer Licensed
Episcopal Minister during his Ministry at Musselburgh,
Dalkeith and Glasgow. [What follows on this page are appar-
ently jottings of Glasgow baptisms, made as memoranda.]

2. A Glasgow entry dated September 2, 1782.

Form of a certificate that Lieutenant Niel Stevenson of his Majesty's
Navy had received the Lord's Supper, a.d. 1785, at Glasgow.

3. Musselburgh 1754.

Aug. 26. Jean, daughter to Andrew Crystal in Newbigging Street.
Sep. 10. Anne, daughter to John White, head-foresman at Saltpetre

Work at Prestonpans.
Oct. 15. Hugh, son to Niel Stout, sailor in Fisherrowe.

1755.
Jan. 6. Elizabeth, daughter to Thomas Todd, Town-Clerk in

Musselburgh.
April 7. Isabel, daughter to Mr. Archibald Shiels, Heritor in

Inveresk.
May 25. Euphine, daughter to James Vemor, joiner in Musselburgh.
May 31. Ramsay, daughter to Mr. Andrew Hume, at Windygow.
Sep. I. David, son to Alexander Stuart, in Inveresk.
Sep. 24. Henry Pelham, son to Mr. Gilbert Grierson, at Dalkeith.

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1 86 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Sep. 27. Mary, daughter to Robert Todd, shipmaster in Fisherrow,

and Mary Lavenworth his spouse.
Dec. 2. Jennet, daughter to Thomas Aitken, Bricklayer, in Dalkeith.

1756.
Feb. 19. Margaret, daughter to Mr. Philip Barton (?) Barber (?)
[these two words are almost illegible], at Burnfoot near
Dalkeith, and Margaret Stevenson his spouse.

4. April 9. Archibald, son to Arch. Shiels, Esq., at Inveresk.

April II. Elizabeth, daughter to Mr. Rowe, barber at Edinburgh.

June 22. John, son to John M*Nab, turner, at Leith.

June 28. Thomas, son to Mr. Thomas Todd, Town-Clerk in

Musselburgh.
July 2. John, son to Mr. Jones, in Glen Copes Regiment.
July 2. Mary, daughter to William Marryot of said Regiment
July 15. Jean, daughter to William Buy, at Stoney Hill.
July 26. James, son to James Watson, clothier, in Newbigging.
July 28. Margaret, daughter to Andrew Crystal, in Newbigging.
Dec. 18. William, son to Mr. Andrew Hume, at Windygoul.

1757-
Jan. 2. Elizabeth, daughter to Mr. Hamilton, merchant, at Dalkeith.
May 14. Thomas FoUiot, son to Edmund Cox, Lieutenant
May 27. Barbara, daughter to Mr. Archibald Shiels, at Inveresk.
May 28. Thomas, son to Thomas Aitken, bricklayer, in Dalkeith.
June 3. William M^Kenzie, son to Captain Stuart, at Dalkeith.
Nov. 3. Jennet, daughter to Thomas Todd, Town-Clerk, in
Musselburgh.

[Signed] John Falconer.

Page 5 commenced with an entry dated December 27, at Glasgow,
and from that date Mr. Falconer's ministerial connection with Musselburgh
evidently ceased.

662. Dame Erskine's Account Book (vol. ix. p. 105). — One of the
chief advantages in giving faithfully the spelling in transcribing any old
documentary writing is because old spelling being largely, although not
uniformly, accurately phonetic, we are helped thereby to understand what the
pronunciation and spoken language were like in former times. One feature
very strongly brought out by this method of comparison of old and modern
forms is that the language and pronunciation of the common people in
our day is shown to be almost identical with that of four or five centuries
ago.

Judged by this standard, the language of Chaucer and other old writers
is very nearly the language of Central Scotland at the present day. Many
interesting instances of this might be given. My puq^ose at present is to
point out the interesting examples furnished by the Inventory printed at
pp. 105-109 of the Scottish Antiquary, I quote only the words which are
absolutely or nearly phonetically accurate representations of modem pronun-
ciation amongst the lower classes in Scotland, who alone have retained
the ancient language. For ease of reference I quote the words ynder

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their dates in the Inventory, adding the word -equivalents in English and
any notes that may be necessary for explanation.

Feb. 10. 'John Blaketr,' Blackadder, popularly pronounced as spelled
in the inventory.

„ 18. * Thorns Mefen,' Methven.

„ 24. * Rob' Engel/ Ainslie, pronounced * Englie ' as in angel.
Aug. 2. • dener/ dinner.

* fraught,' freight, pronounced ' fraucht.'

Oct. I. * James Buchan, piger,' piger, i>., pig or china or stone-ware
merchant. The country perambulating stone-ware dealer,
who invariably combines the collection of rags and bones, is
known as a * pig-an-ragger.'

Nov. 6. * Dowes eggs.' Doves, pigeons. The use of the * w ' here would
not be conclusive, since in old writings * w,' ' v,' and * u ' were
used indifferently, but it must be remembered that the old
Scottish pronunciation of * u ' was * 00 ' as in * woo,' and * w '

* double 00 ' 3 and the latter, when occurring before or after

* o,' which it softens or silences, retains the above sound, as
in 'wool,' * woman,' sounded as if written *oo,'. *ooman';
and as here in * Dowe,' a dove.

„ 29. *Nesmoth,' Naysmith.

* speads,' spades.

Dec. 9. * to Jo. blaws wife for worken Jocks stokens,' a perfect phonetic
rendering of the modem pronunciation, as is also the entry
under Dec. 25.
„ 10. * burell,' burial

„ 13. * bowks,' carcases ; example, * muckle-bowkit,' />., large-bodied.
Jan. 18. * Wall,' well (of water).

,, 20. ' Nutmugs,' called also popularly 'Netmugs.'
Feb. 4. * Peartricks,' partridges.
May 27. * yeard,' yard, />., vegetable garden.
Oct. 14. * plivers,' plovers, pronounced * pleevers.'
Dec. 20. ' Mustert,' mustard.

Other interesting references are : —
Jan. 2-17. *hanse,' — handsel, the gratuity given on Handsel Monday.
Nov. 12. 'fairings to y* children,' gratuity given at the fair or market.^

The entries to which a note of interrogation is affixed may be explained
as follows, —

Feb. I. *suen sive,' sowen sieve — a well-known domestic article. See

entry under Nov. 12.
April 5. * wort ston,' wort stone, />., a stone trough for holding the

wort in brewing.
Dec. 16. *Une ston & gals,' probably wines ton, />., tun, barrel and

gauntress.
Jamieson does not deal with the old modes of pronunciation, and a
knowledge of them is passing away. It would therefore form a commend-
able work were some competent writer to take up the subject in the Scottish
Antiquary, It is, of course, too large a subject to be exhaustively dealt
with through that medium, but illustrative notes would be valuable for
future reference. A. Hutcheson.

Brodghty-Ferry.

^ A south of England word and custom.— Ep*

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t88 The Scottish Antiquary ;

663. Marriages in May (vol. ix. p. 25).— The line ^ Mense malas
Maio nubere vulgus aiV in Ovid's Fasti shows that this superstition is
ancient. These words were placed on the gate of Holyrood House, after
the marriage of Mary Queen of Scots and Bothwell. The superstition is
discussed in NoUs and Queries^ ist S. i. 97, 467 ; ii. 52 ; but no conclu-
sion is arrived at. Fess Checquy.

QUERIES.

CCXC. Dance with Sticks.— Can you give me any information, or
likely source of information, as to an old Scotch dance, danced
with sticks^ and popular at the time of the '45 ? A. W.

CCXCI. Dr. Balvaird and William Carruthers. — Wanted any
information about the two following medical men, who probably
lived in the early years of 1 700, — as to when and from which
University they took their degree,- viz. — (i) Mr. John Balvaird,
M.D.; (2) William Carruthers, Pharmaco-chirurgus, Edinensis.

J. O.

CCXCII. Primrose. — The Rev. John Primrose, born at TuUiebody,
Alloa, 1 75 1, Secession Minister at Whitehill Grange, Banffshire
(i 789-1 832), was the son of Thomas Primrose, Farmer, Alloa,
and Catharine Thomson. Thomas Primrose had another son,
Adam, a brewer, after whom Primrose Street, Alloa, is so named,
and who, failing in business between 1780-90, went to America,
Wanted names and particulars of the parents of Thomas Primrose
and of his children other than the two named above. The Rev.
John Primrose used to say that Burntbrae property rightfully was
his family's, though another branch had it. Is this near Alloa ?
and is it still in possession of Primroses? The Rev. William
Primrose of Melville Church, Aberdeen, died about 1865. Wanted
particulars of his and his father's birth-place.

South Australia. * Southern Cross.'

CCXCIII. New Scotland, in North America, 1750. — Historische
und Geographische, Beschreibung von Neu Schottland, Auf
Befehl, Seiner Grossbrittannischen Majestat George 11. und des
Parlements in Englischer Sprache verfasset, Nunmehro aber
instentsche iibersetzet. Franckfurt und Leipzig — Bey Heinrich
Ludwig Bronner^ 1750- This publication was to induce Germans
to settle in Nova Scotia — comprising 216 pages. Was any Gaelic
translation of this description put forward as an in-ducement
for Highlanders to colonise New Scotland ? Jane Kinder.
CCXCIV. Lady Mary Stuart. — The following inscription is placed
in the church of Iver, Buckinghamshire, within the chancel, on a
white marble slab, with the arms of the Earl of Moray on a
lozenge. Lady Mary Stuart is not mentioned in the Peerage.
What is known of her ? —

* Sub hoc marmore depositum jacet corpus Prsenobilis Dominae
Marise Stuart filiae Alexandri Comitis Moraviae apud Scotos
Carolus Comes Moraviae ejus frater sorori bene Merenti posuit
obijit xxvii die Octobris Anno Domini Mellesimo Septimgen-
tesimo Decimo Octavo. Aetatis Suae liii. * • D. C.

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or. Northern Notes and Queries. 1 89

CCXCV. The St. Clairs.—

1. Skatt of Zetland. — In Balfour's Memorial for Orkney (Appen-
dix, p. 9) this occurs, * The only specimen extant is a copy of the
Skatt of Zetland compiled by one of the Sinclair Earls, without a
dite, but so ancient that the scribe of the fifteenth century
apologises for the illegible writing and uncouth terms, as unin-
telligible even to himself . . .' With improved modern methods,
examination of this book should be made to yield something.
Has it been examined of late years ? Where is it kept ?

2. The Longformacus Family, — May not this family be cadets
of Herdmanston ? The usual authority for affiliating them to the
Roslins has been a charter from Henry St. Clair, Earl of Orkney
in 1384, to his cousin Sir James of Longformacus. But the Herd-
manston St. Clairs were then cousins to the Rosliiis, and if
Longformacus was a son of Herdmanston the expression would
be equally applicable.

3. Vatican Records. — There has recently been an index of
these published. It is stated that in 141 8 a Papal dispensation
issued for the marriage of Egidia Douglas, widow of Sir Henry
Sinclair, to Alexander Stuart. The Sir Henry is taken to mean
the Earl of Orkney, who however did not die till 1420. Again,
Van Bassan in his History of the St. Clairs written in Saga form,
states that after the marriage of \Villiam St. Clair, Earl of Orkney
{circa 1437), to Elizabeth Douglas, they stayed not long together,
for they were separated because of consanguinity and affinity,
yet for all this the Prince [i.e. Earl], not contented with this
separation, sent to the Pope, who dispensed therewith, and so he
married her anew again into St. Matthieus Church, where they were
separated. DotheVatican Recordsthrow anylighton the foregoing?

4. Charter of Swinburgh^ 1498. — Nisbet states that to this
charter the seals of all the sons of William St. Clair, Earl of
Orkney, were appended with their proper differences, of which he
says he will elsewhere treat, but does not do so. If the seals still
survive it would be interesting to know how they were differenced?

5. Berridale. — The title of Berridale attached to the Caithness
dignity is not mentioned in the patent of 1476. What is the
date of creation ?

6. Drumhead Charter. — From time to time reference is made
to a pardon granted William, second Earl of Caithness, on a drum-
head by James iv. at Flodden Field. Latterly it is asserted that
the instrument (!) is preserved in the Fife archives. Is there any
reason for the belief, or is it a * die-hard' legend ?

7. Ravenscraig Cadets. — There are notices of several members
of the Ravenscraig line of whom further information is sought, viz.,
Sir William Sinclair of Warsetter, brother of Henry, Lord
Sinclair, 1489; Magnus, son of William, Lord Sinclair, who
died in 1570; Magnus, I^urence, and William, sons of Henry,
Lord Sinclair, who died in i6or.

8. Sinclair of Blans. — Is this family of the Roslin or the
Herdmanston stock ?

9. Professor George Sinclair, author of Satan^s Invisible World
discovered, etc., etc. To which family did he belong?

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igo The Scottish Antiquary ;

lo. Alexander of Roslin (1680), who married Jean, daughter
of Robert, seventh Lord Semple. Are there any of his MS.
poems in the Advocates' Library ? I expect the reference is to
a member of his wife's family. Roland St. Clair.

REPLIES TO QUERIES.

CCXXXV. John Tod. — Extract from Register of Baptism, Carriden.

1705. Born Feb. 18, Bapt March i, James, son of Mr. John Tod,
Minr. of the Gospel here, and Agnes Dundas.

1706. Born March 21, Bapt. April 4, John, son of above parents.
1708. Bom March 23, Bapt. April 8, Robert „ „
1710. Born July 21, Bapt Aug. 9, Alexander „ „

17 12. Born Feb. i, Bapt. Feb. 17, William „ „

1 7 14. Born Nov. 1 1, Bapt. Nov. 21, Agnes, daughter of „

Ed.

CCLIX. Bethune Family. — It may be of interest to the querist to
know that Beatons have been located at Stromness, Orkney,
ever since 1503. {See Peterkins' Rentals,)

CCLXIV. (a) Norman. — Odinic descent of Rollo. Since forwarding
this query I notice the particulars sought for are set forth in the
Roirs edition of the Orkney inga Saga by citation from an old
Norse account called *Fundin Novegr.' In it Fomjotr,a mythical
king and giant, is the synonym of Rognvald, Jarl of Moeri;
and Fornjotr is one of the numerous alternative names used for
and applied to Thor, first-born of Odin.

{b) Orcadian. — 2. The Orkneyinga Saga (Gondie Hjaltalm)
and the Hemiskringla are apparently both in error in ascribing a
son to Earl Rognvald Brusison of Orkney. The notice should
read * Eilif, son of Earl Rognvald Ulfsson ' (Roll's text edn. O.S.)

(e) Strath ERNE. — 7. Skuldale, the territorial designation
of Sir Malise Sparr, may be Skeldaill in Birsa, though there are
other places so named in the countries of both Orkney and Shet-
land. It may even be an error in transcription for Quendale (in
Ronsay) which is recorded as having been one of his possessions.

8. Alexander de Ard. — While thanking Mr. Mackay for his
communication, it will be seen on re-perusing my query that I
wanted notices subsequent to 1375, in which year the said Alex-
ander resigned his Scottish possessionsto Robert 11., brother-in-law
of Earl Malise, last of Caithness, Stratheme, and Orkney. The
inference is that a crown annuity would follow the resignation of
such vast estates, and this might be shown by the Exchequer
records. There seem no transactions connecting him with the
Scottish family of the Aird in Inverness which would cause con-
sideration to be given to the query of Mr. Lart (CCLXXI V) but
for one or two points of opposite indication, viz., the guardian of
Alexander (1357 or 1367) was one Duncan Anderson, is clearly
Scottish, and the name of his father Weyland or Wiland, also
' one Master Weland^ a clerke of Scotland, sent yn to Norway
for Margaret, dyed with her by tempeste on the sea (1290),
Gumming cute of Norway to Scotland yn costes of Boghan '

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or, Northerfi Notes and Queries. 191

{Scaia Cronica). The name Ard may even be indigenous to
Orkney. In the Latin of the time it appears as *A Rode'=
Harrod or Harold. In the will of Sir David Synclar of Swinburgh,
Shetland (1506), one of his bequests is to Sir Magnus Harrode,
to whom he leaves * twa nobillis, and the Buk of Gud Maneris.'

Earls of Stratherne. — Referring to CCLXIV (e) 5, is
it known whether Johanna, Countess of Stratherne, who received
papal dispensation in 1339 to marry Maurice de Moravia, was
the divorced wife, widow, or daughter of either the last Malise,
Earl of Stratherne, or his predecessor ? She was widow of John
Campbell, Earl of Athol {d. 1333), and apparently married
secondly John de Warrenne, Earl of Warrenne and Surrey, who
in 1334 was Earl of Stratherne. As he did not die till 1361 she
probably got a divorce from him, enabling her to marry Maurice
de Moray in his lifetime. The Earl of Surrey had previously
suffered a divorce in 131 5, from his first wife, Joan de Bar.

CCLXIV. (fl). Rollo's Ancestry in the Heims-Kringla is as follows : —
Eystein Glumre. Rolf N^efia.

I I

RoGNWALD, Earl of Moeri = Hilda.

! " ' I

Rolf Ganger. Einar, Earl ut Orkney.

Earl Rognwald or Ronald, who died in 1158, and was canonised
in 1 192, is the subject of a long and interesting paper in NoUs
and Queries, 6th S. ix. 124, Feb. 16, 1884. Fess Checquy.

CCLXXIV. Family of de l'Ard. — The Scottish Barony of Ard is in
Inverness-shire, and the object of my query CCLXIV. was to
enable me to further illustrate the Orcadian succession with
reference to the heirs of the Stratherne line of Earls. The only
notices of the family of de TAni which I have come across
likely to help in this direction are these : —

1345 (circa). Weyland de V Ard, married Matilda, only daughter
by his first wife, of Malise, last Stratherne Earl of Orkney,
Caithness, and Stratherne.

1357. Alexander de VArd, son of the preceding, is nearing
his majority, and his guardian (Duncan Anderson) notifies the
Orcadians that the said Alexander is their rightful lord. Skene
dates the notice 1357, but in the Orkneyinga Saga introduction
it is given as about 1367.

1368. Lord Fenton of Baky and Alexander de Chishelme are
co-portioners of the barony 0/ Ard.

1375. Alexander de PArd, aforesaid, is appointed Governor and
Commissioner of Orkney till next St. John's Day, by King Haco
of Norway. The grant was provisional until he should establish
his right to the said Earldom.

1375. Alexander de r Ard resigns his castle of Brawl and Caith-
ness and Stratherne lands inherited from his mother, Matilda de
Stratherne, to King Robert 11., the latter being brother-in-law to
the last Earl Malise.

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192 The Scottish Antiqtmry.

1379. Alexander de VArd'\% one of others sent by Henry St.
Clair, Earl of Orkney, to the King of Norway to arrange the terms
of his installation as Ruler of those Isles, and in the Latin of
Pontanus he appears as Alexander a Rode. Again, first
amongst the friends and relatives of Earl Henry named in the
installation is Simon Rodde^ and in the hostages is the lawful son
of the said Simon, by name Lord Alexander, His seal may be
appended to the document.

1404. Isabella Stratherne, Lady St. Clair of Roslin, aunt of
Alexander de TArd, did not die till after 1404, and she is stated
to have survived him.

1403. Margaret de la Ard^ domina de Erchless^ and Thomas de
Chishelme, her son and heir, on the one part, and William de
Fenton of Baky, divide between them the lands of which they were
heirs-portioners, and among these is the Barony of Aird or Ard,

1513- Wiland de Chisholme obtained a charter of the lands
of Comer. Roland Wm. St. Clair.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

The Friend of Sir Philip Sidney, London : Elliot Stock.— This latest
volume of the Elizabethan Library is not the least meritorious. Fulke
Greville, Lord Brooke, was a voluminous writer, and the editor, Mr.
Grosart, has done wisely in giving a selection of his writings which not
only exemplify his style and powers, but afford matter for consideration.
The volume is small, and will form an agreeable companion to many a
summer ramble or tedious railway journey. Many who would not care to
work through Lord Brooke's somewhat lengthy poems will be charmed with
this volume, admirable both from its contents and from its general get-up.

The Edinburgh Bibliographical Society, Proceedings, 1893-94. — This
Society is doing good work, as the proceedings which were issued in the
autumn of last year show. Five interesting papers were read, and to some of
them good fac-simile illustrations are added. One is curious as showing the
accidents to which early printers were liable. In the course of printing a
book in 1620 the inking balls drew some of the letters out of the forme,
and two of these falling across the face of the page have left an exact
impression of the body of the types — an illustration valuable in itself of
the width and length of old type. Bishop Dowden read a scholarly
paper on Archbishop Laud's Prayer-Book, where much curious matter
connected with the printing of this volume was brought forward, and
information gathered from peculiarities of type is carefully considered.

The Gentleman's Magazine Library. English Topography, Part V.
London : Elliot Stock. We have noticed earlier volumes of this series.
The present includes such extracts from the Gentleman's Magazine as
refer to the antiquities of Hampshire, with Isle of Wight, Herefordshire,
Hertfordshire, and Huntingdonshire. The work is well done.

The Northern Genealogist, York : John Simpson. Part I. (pp. 64). —
This new Quarterly contains * Notes, Articles, or Queries on Ajitiquarian
Subjects,' connected with the North of England. It is well printed, and
the contents of Part I. will prove interesting and useful to genealogists.

Scots Lore, Glasgow : Wm. Hodges and Co. Part I. — ^This is a new
monthly on much the same lines as the Scottish Antiqttary, We wish our
youngest brother all success.

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INDEX TO VOL. IX.

Abbrnbthy, Town of, 174.
Account-Book of Dame Ers-

kine, 105, 186.
Accounts of Sir John Foulis, 23.
Alloa Old Parish Church, 158.
Old Stone at, 170.

Statues in Old Church,

142.

Witches, Confession of, 49.

Armorial Bearings of Peebles,

145.
Arms of Burgh of Peebles, 148.

Royal, of Scotland, 82,

127.

Ballad, Old Scottish, 138.

Banquet, A Scottish king's, 113.

Basane, 21.

Belt, The, 43.

Birth Brieve, 118.

Burial Place of Earls of Mar, 63.

Burntisland, Old House in, 80.

Carnock Kirk-Session Re-
cords, 83.
Chap-books, 143.
Chat-books, 143.
Church, Old Alloa, 158.
Confession of Alloa Witches, 49.
Covenanters in Kinross-shire, 97,

153-
Cross at Minnigaflf, 21, 113.
■ Huguenot, 105.

Dancb with Sticks, 188.
Dndhope, Stones from, 16.
Dnnkeld, Old Seal of, 33, 79,
181.

Edinburgh old Registers,
70, 140, 172. ^ ^

Englishmen in Scotland, 38, 182.

Ersldne's, Dame, Account-book,
105, 186.

Family op Baily, 159.

Balvaird, 188.

Bennet, 93.

Bethune, 189.

Bruce, 144.

Campbell, of Greenyards,

93.

Family of Camithers, 188.

Cuthbert of Inverness, 93.

de Coucy, 45, 143.

de Lard, 45, 191,

Erskine of Dun, 19.

Erskine of Kinnedar, 43.

Erskine of Kinnoul, 42.

Forbes of Knapemay, 43.

Forbes, 144.

Graham of the Borders, 160.

Hallen, 84.

Law of Pittilloch, 144.

Leslie of Kininoie, 142.

Macdonald of Barridale,

30. ^

Maitland, 95.

Dr. Alexr. Monro, 44.

Naime, 118.

Pitcairn of Innemethy, 5,

59.

Primrose, 188.

Robertson of Strowan, 44.

St. Clair, 40, 96, 189.

Adam Smith, 157.

Stratherne, Earls of, 143,

191.

Tod, 188.

van Halen^ 84.

Sir Peter Young, 44.

Forbidden Degrees, Old Table

of, 156.
Fordoun, Tombstone at, 31.
Foreigners in Scotland, 112.
Foulis, Sir John, Accounts of,

23-

Gray Bequest, The, 102.
Groat Tombstone, The, 35.

Heraldic Needlework, 15.
Heraldry, Official, 150.
Holland, Scots in, 124.
Holy Wells, 77.
Huguenot Cross, 105.

James l. Seal of, 81.
Journey into Scotland, Old, 174.

KiNROSS-SHIRB, COVENANTERS

IN, 97. 153-
Kirk-Session Records, Carnock,

83.

Lee Penny, The, 68.

Leith Episcopalian Registers, 9.

Lyon Omce, Bequest to, 102.

Mar, Countess of. Will of, i.
Earl of. Burial-place, 63,

93-
* Marengo,' 131.
Marriage, Forbidden Degrees of,

156.
Marriages in May, 25.
Melville, Barony of, 20.
MinnigafT, Cross at, 21, 113.
Mortlach, Tombstone at, 3.
Mottoes in Old Registers, 138.
Monument of Mr. John Wel-

wood, 25.
Musselburgh Episcopal Register,

185.

N Ai rne, Mr. D. , Birth Brieve

OP, 118.
Names, Peculiar Christian, 109.
Napoleon's Horse 'Marengo,'

131.
Needlework, Heraldic, 15.
New Scotland, 188.
Nisbet, Alexr., The Herald,

139.
Notices of Books, Account of

Clan Donnachaidh^ 48,
Catalogue of Library of

Prince Z. Z. Bonaparte^ 48.

Frenches of Scotland^ 47.

History of Scottish Churchy

46.

Scots Lore J 192.

The Annals of Fordoun^

144,

The Edinburgh Biblio-
graphical Society^ 192.

The Friend of Sir Philip

Sidney^ 192.

The GentletnatCs Maga-
zine^ 192.

The Last Resting-place of a

Scottish Queen^ 47.

The Northern Genealogist ^

192.

Tyde What May, 144.

Official Heraldry, 150.

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194

The Scottish Antiquary.

PALiBOLITHIC MaN IN SCOT-
LAND, 131, 167.

Peebles, Arms of the Burgh of,

148.
Penny, the Lee, 68.
Public Records, 79.

Records, Public, 26, 79,

118.
Roisters, Mottoes in Old, 138.
Old Edinburgh, 70, 140,

172,
- — Episcopalian, at Leith, 9,

Old Episcopal, Mussel-
burgh, 185.

Old Stirling, 35.

Parish, in Scotland, 91,

127.

Ross, Earls of, i .

Scotland, A Foreigner in,

112.

Englishmen in, 182.

New, 188.

Old Journey into, 174.

Royal Arms of, 82, 127.

Scots in Holland, 124.

Seal of Dunkeld, 33, 79, 181.

of James I., 81.

Sheets in Scotland, 43.
Shetland, Antiquarian Find in,

26.
Skean Dubh, 19.
Song, Old, 166.
Statues in Alloa Old Church,

142.
Stirling Old Registers, 35.
Stone, Sculptured, at Alloa, 170.
Sculptured, from Dudhope,

14*

Stones, Refuge, at Torphich

24.
Strangers, 52.
Stuart, Mary, Lady, 188.
Surnames, 72.

Tombstone at Fordoun, 31.

The Groat, 35.

in Mortlach Church, 3.

Torphichen, Refuge Stones at^l
24.

Wells, Holy, 77.

Welwood, Mr. John, Menu-]

ment of, 25.
Witches, Alloa, 49.
Will of Annabella, Countess <

Mar, I.

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE

Arms of Younger, 1 08, 109

Bald Tombstone, 15

Cambuskenneth Charter, 50, 51

Culross Abbey Church, 10 1

Macgr^or Coat of Arms, 29

Marriage Contract of Mary Beaton {Frontispiece),

Old Carved Stones at Alloa, 64

Old Monument at Dollar, 76

Old Stone with Shaw Arms, 54

Palasolithic Weapons, .... 84, 85, 87, 176, 177
Palaeolithic Weapon-bed in Nova Scotia, 175

Queen Mary's Cradle, . 150

Stirling Old Bridge, 48

Stirling Seals, 24

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The Scottish Antiquary

Northern Notes and Queries

CONTENTS.

Notes.

PAGB

PACK

683. Abbots of Cambuskenneth, .

693. Account of a Jotirney into Scot-

683. The Old Seals of Stirling. .

land, 1639, ....

684. Shaw of Sauchie and Knockhill, .

Queries.

685. Abstract of Stirling Protocol Book

686. Old Carved Stones.

687. Account of Charles Bailly, .

688. Abercromby family in Stirlingshire

55
64
65

CCCin. Forbes of Thomtoun, .
CCCIV. Forbes of Foveran
CCCV. Family of Crichton, .
CCCVI. Sir Lewis Craig. .

9a
93
93
94

689. Old Monument at Dollar, .

Replies.

69a Reminiscences of the '45,

CCLXIV. St. Clairs,

691. On the Trail of Palaeolithic Man .

CCXCVIII. Haliburton of Denhead, .

693. Old Edinburgh Register,

Notices of Books,

Note. — The Editor does not hold himself responsible for the opinions
or statements of Contributors,

All Communications to be sent to the Editor of * The Scottish Antiquary*
The Parsonage, Alloa.

682. Abbots of Cambuskenneth. — ^The Registrum Monasterii de
Cambuskenneth^ was presented to the members of the Grampian Club
by the Marquess of Bute in 1872. It was edited by Sir William Fraser,
who supplied an introduction, containing, among other matter, a list of the
Abbots of the Monastery. There are, however, certain inaccuracies in the
list which require notice. Sir William gives as 20th, John . . . (?), 1463-
1473, 21"^ 21s his successor Henry Arnot, 1473-1504. In 1467, Henry
Abercromby was abbot, as the Stirling Burgh Records prove.^ The very
first document in the oldest bound volume is as follows : —

[Anno] domini millesimo quadringentesimo sexagesimo nono [men-
sis] Aprilis die ultimo indictione secunda pontificatus Sanctissimi in
Christo patris et domini nostri domini Pauli divina providencia pape
secundi anno quinto in mei notarii publici et testium subscriptorum
presencia honorabilis vir Macolmus Forestar de Torwood nomine et ex
parte venerabilis in Christo patris Henrici Abircrummy miseratione divina

' See page 55.
VOL, X. — NO. xxxvin. D

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Abbatis Monasterii de Cambuskjnineth ordinis [beati Augustini] Sancti
Andree dioceseos [ad] januas seu valvas ecclesiarum predict! monasterii
et parochialis ecclesie [Sancte] Crucis Burgi de Striueline prope dictum
monasterium personaliter accedens quendam processum executorialem
continentem in se monitorium ac in eventu citatorium cum inhibicione
super quadam commissione Apostolica directa Beatissimo patri Ricardo
miseracione divina etc Sancti Eusebii Sacrosancte Roman ecclesie
presbytero Cardinalis Constanciensis ^ wlgariter nuncupatus et in eodem
processu inserta et contenta s . . . one notarii Jacobi Vier clerici
cemonanensis [cenomanensis ?] ^ dioceseos publicat . . . subscripcio notarii
sic incipit Et me Jacobo Vier clerici cemonanensis dioceseos publico
apostolica et imperiali auctoritatibus ac ejusdem . . . Cardinalis notario
etc Et sic ... in (idem et testimonium omnium et singulorum premis-
sorum etc Tenor vero processus executorialis . . . Ricardus miseracione
divina etc Sancti Eusebii Sacrosancte Romane ecclesie presbyter
Cardinalis constanciensis vulgariter nuncupatus . . . et causis ac infra-
scriptis partibus a domino nostro . . . judex ac commissarius specialiter
deputatus etc Et sic . . . et actum Rome in domo nostre residencie solite
sub anno a nativitate domini millesimo quadringentesimo sexagesimo
septimo indiccione quinta decima die vero decima mensis Aprilis ponti-
ficatus Sanctissimi in Christo patris et domini nostri Pauli divina provi-
dencia pape secundi anno-terico presentibus ibidem reverendo patre
domino Nicholayo abbate monasterii Sancti Ba[s]oli^ etc michi notario
publico subscripto tradidit perlegendum quo per me perlecto et alta et
intelligibili voce . . . coram majori populi multitudine . . . audiendum
congregata publicato dominus Macolmus . . . copias ejusdem processus
executorialis per notarios . . . liter coUationatas in valvis dictarum
ecclesiarum . . . invalvizavit et ibidem dereliquit inhibendo . • . omnibus
et singulis utriusque sexus auctoritate apostolica predicta sub penis in
dicto processu seu monitorio contentis ne quis eorum . . . temerario
dictas copias in prejudicium dampnum aut dispendium dicti domini
Abbatis aufferret seu distirparet super quibus etc presentibus Adam Cosour
Matheo Forestar Jacobo Redehuch Jacobo Symson Thoma Sebald.

It is interesting, not only as supplying full evidence, but as showing
what steps were taken at the installation of this abbot. How long he
held office I have not discovered, but in 1469 the Exchequer Rolls show

^ ' Ricardus presbyter Cardinalis Constanciensis vulgariter nuncupatus/ was Richard
Olivier, bom at Longeuil ; Bishop of Coutances in Normandy ; promoted to the Car-
dinalate in 1456 by Calixtus ill. ; died 1470.

' The * diocesis cenomanensis ' is that of Le Mans.

* The monastery of S. Basolus was at Verzav, about ten miles from Reims. Its
founder, J. Bllle, is said to have been bom in the oth century in Limousin.

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that an Abbot Alexander was head of the Monastery. When Abbot
Alexander died I know not, or if Henry Arnot was his immediate
successor. Sir William is in error when he states that Abbot Henry
Arnot ' was a Member of the Parliament held at Edinburgh on i ith
March 1503-4, and was chosen one of the Lords to sit on the session on
the 19th March. He ceased to be abbot before 1505.' He ceased to be
abbot before 3rd March 1503-4, for a * charter granted to Robert Coluile
of the Hiltoun of Tillicultray be King James 4,' and dated 3rd March
1503-4, was witnessed amongst others by 'David, Abbate de Cambus-
kynneth.' This charter is printed in Anakcta ScoHctBy vol. ii. p. 71.

I should add that the references given to Acts of Parliament to
establish Sir William Eraser's statements regarding Abbot Henry Arnot do
not in a single instance give the Christian name or surname of the abbot

A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

683. The Old Seals of Stirling.— I think that any one who has
made a study of ancient seals will see at once why the interim Lyon
Clerk ignored the later seal and the reverse of the ancient seal in making
the entry of the burgh arms.

The later seal would be passed over on account of a more ancient
seal being preserved, and being more likely to contain the original grant
of arms.

Now to turn to the original seal, when and why the obv. and rev.
should have changed places would be most interesting to trace out, but
undoubtedly they have if the seal with the bridge upon it is ' now regarded
as the burgh seal proper and the castle as the rev.,' but it should be
evident to any one that you look at the seal on a document and expect to
find whose it is or to what it belongs, so that the castle side bearing the
legend continet hoc in se nemvs et castrvm strivelinse answers the
question, and therefore should be the obv.

I cannot agree that the obv. and rev. are two distinct seals — one the
castle and one the bridge seal. I have seen many bridge seals, but they
always state in legend to which place they belong. Now the rev. does
not in this case, and, if separated from its obv., might belong to anywhere,
as the legend would be no guide.

If the seal inspected on 25th April 1849 is not of great antiquity, it is
a copy of one that was in use August 28, 1296, and again Sept. 26, 1357,
in both cases as the Burgh Seal, only the obv. and rev. were in their right
order.

The seal of Aug. 28, 1296, is a fine specimen of green wax appended
to the following document by 4 stout laces. The seal is 3^* diameter : —

Aug. 28, 1296. Richard Brice of Stirling, burgess and alderman of the
burgh, Lawrence of Dunblane, William Servatur, Renand de Maleville,
Richard Prestre, Robert le Taillur, Morris le Rus, Gilbert Teket, Adam
le Fiz Richard, Rauf le Wrighte, William le Lardyner, and John of
Drylowe, burgesses, and all the community of the burgh, swear fealty,
Berwick-on-Tweed. [Chapter House (Scots Docts.) Box 99, No. 6.]

The seal of Sept. 26, 1357, is much broken, of light brown wax, and
is appended, with 17 other burgh seals, all more or less broken, to the
following document : —

Letters Patent by the commissioners of the burghs of Edinburgh,

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Perth, Aberdeen, Dundee, Inverkeithing, Crail, Cupar, St Andrews,
Montrose, Stirling, Linlithgow, Haddington, Dumbarton, Rutherglen,
Lanark, Dumfries, and Peebles, appointing Adam Gilyot and Adam Tore
of Edinburgh, and 9 others, proctors for the ransom of King David.
Given under their respective common seals at Edinburgh, 26 September,
1357. [Chapter House (Scots Docts.) No. 98.]

From the above documents it will be seen the burgh seal has a good
show of antiquity. With regard to the later seal, which is said to be of
silver, and also said to have been in use at the time of the Reformation, I
think we may safely surmise that about or before that time the rev. of
the burgh seal had come to be regarded as the burgh seal proper, and a
new seal was ordered to be made. Now the town pastures are noted in
the former seal legend ; may this not be meant to represent them, and the
animal not be a wolf but, as Laing calls it, a lamb. However, it would be
interesting to examine the seal and see if there is any hall or other mark
that would give the date upon it, and then a careful search of the burgh
records might give the order for making the new seal, where most likely we
should get an explanation of the device. Henry A. Rye.

• By the kindness of T. L. Galbraith, Esq., Town Clerk of Stirling, I am
able to give a copy of the letter written by his father, then Town Clerk, to
Mr. Lorimer, which is referred to in the extract from the Lyon Register.
It throws no light on the selection of the castle seal in preference to the
bridge seal for the town arms, but it is evidence that the ' wolf craig ' seal
has now been in use upwards of 345 years, or before the Reformation in
Scotland. That the animal is a wolf is, I think, clear from the seal itself,
and I find that in 147 1 a court was held at Wolfs Craig, near the
* Burrowgait,' by William Murray of Touchadam and Baron of Buquhad-
rok;^ the device may have had its origin from this Baron Court, though
the present seal is not so old by nearly a century. Ed.

COPY LETTER.

25M ApHl 1849.
Lorimer, James, Esq., Lyon Clerk, Lyon OflBce, Edinburgh.

I am desired by Provost M* Alley to acknowledge receipt of your letter
of the 24th instant, and to send you, as I do herewith. Impressions of the
Seals of the Royal Burgh of Stirling.

The large Seal is what is usually styled the 'Ancient Seal' of the
Burgh, and is the one appended to Burgess Tickets, and was formerly
appended to Charters granted by the Magistrates and Town Council.
It is, as you will of course see from the Impression, in two pieces. The
age of it is not known, but it must be of high antiquity. The impression is
pretty good, but I see that in removing the Seal from the wax, a bit of the
wax on the dexter arm of the Cross, including the right hand and arm of
the figure on the Cross, had remained in the Seal and been lost. It is,
however, on the Seal just the same as the sinister arm. I think the
impression is so distinct that you will have no difficulty in reading the
mottos or inscriptions round the figures, but to prevent any mistake I give
you them. That on what I presume may be designated the obverse is

* Continet hoc in se
Nemus et castrum Strivelinse '
* See page 59.

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' Hie armis Bniti
Scoti stant hie Cruce tuti.'

The smaller Seal is that affixed to Petitions, and deeds of minor
importance granted by the Magistrates and Council. Its age is not known
either, but it must be of considerable antiquity, as we have documents
containing impressions of ic upwards of 300 years old. The figure is a
Wolf, and the Rock and stream under it are understood to be a rock close
beside the * Burrowsgate ' (being the principal gate of the Town entering
from the South) still known by the name of the ' Wolf Craig ' and the
Town Bum which flows by the foot of the Craig. The latinity of the
Inscription is not, you will observe, firstrate, and the engraving is very
poor, only the letters are pretty well cut

I hope the Impressions will reach you entire. Be so good as own
receipt of them, and transmit me at the proper time a note of the dues of
recording, which it is trusted will not exceed the sum you mention.
Should you wish any further information in regard .to the Seals, I shall be
glad to communicate to you whatever is in my power. — I remain, etc

(Sgd.) Wm. Galbraith, Town Clerk,

684. Shaw op Sauchie and Knockhill. — Mr. J. B. Brown-Morison,
in Genealogical Notes anent some ancient Scottish Families^ has given an

account of the family of Shaw of Sauchie, now represented by Sir Michael
Schaw Stewart. Sauchie Tower is now in ruins, but a stone with the
family arms carved on it has been removed to the Alloa Museum for
preservation. Of this a photo-zinco is here given. From angelic
supporters being used, it may be conjectured that these are the arms of
George Shaw, Abbot of Paisley, brother to Sir James Shaw of Sauchie,
grandfather of John Shaw of Knockhill ; the mullet is also a diiTerence
denoting a younger son. We have been enabled to compile from
the Raster of Privy Council, the Stirling Protocol Book, and other

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sources, a short account of a junior branch of the Shaw family,
viz. that of Knockhill. John Shaw was a younger son of Sir James Shaw
of Sauchie and Isobel his wife, and great-grandson of Sir James Shaw of
Greenock who married Mary de Annand, co-heiress of Sauchie, grand-
daughter of Sir David de Annand of Sauchie, who flourished 1335. John
Shaw was laird of Knockhill, and was alive 1488. His son George, of
Knockhill, married Egidia Aytoun, and died sometime between 1546 and
1564. He was succeeded by his son Andrew, of Knockhill, who married
Margaret Murray, and died before 1588, being succeeded by his son George
of I^ockhill, who married Katherine Kinross. Both he and his wife,
together with his eldest son and heir, William, and his wife Margaret
Graham were alive 1596, but William must have died without issue
during the lifetime of his father, for in 1613 James Shaw was served heir
to his father, George, of Knockhill. He had two brothers alive 1617,
Colonel John Shaw and Henry Shaw. Marjory Shaw, daughter of George
Shaw of Knockhill, and Katherine Kinross, married, 1598, Thomas
Younger of Craigton. (See Scot. Antiq.y vol iii. p. 8.) The family of
Knoddiill has, we believe, become extinct in the male line.

The arms of Schaw of Greenock are matriculated by Lyon ' az, three
covered cups or' The arms of Shaw of Knockhill have not been
matriculated. A. W. C. H.

685. Abstract of Protocol Book of the Burgh of Stirling. —

1469. April 30. Instrument bearing that Malcolm Forestar of Torwood,

on behalf of Henry Abircrumy, abbot of Cambuskenneth,
affixed to the doors of the church* of the monastery, and of
the parish church of the Holy Rood of Stirling, a certain
Process Executorial by Richard, Cardinal presbyter of St.
Eusebius, dated at Rome, loth April 1467. Page i.

„ July 26. Protocol on the oath of obedience by Sir John Sellar,
subprior, and canons of Cambuskenneth, to Henry, their
Abbot, and his oath to observe the liberty of the monastery,
etc. Page 2.^

„ July 22. (Portion of Protocol) that the Sheriff ought to appoint
Walter Steuart of Morffy his depute to hold courts so that the
tenants of certain lords and honourable men might have no
cause to keep from the court, and appointing John of
Menteth of Kerse, William of Moray of Tulchadam, and
Walter Steuart of Morfiy, to visit the said honourable men.
Page 3.

1470. Oct. 3. Protocol of a protest by Thomas, Lord Erskyn, William,

Lord Graham, Alexander of Setoun, and David Grahana of
Gergunnoch, against Malcolm Flemyng, Sheriff of Stirling,
being judge in their causes. Page 3.

Oath by A of B that no impediment existed to his marriage
with Janet of S. Page 4.
M July 9- Declaration by William Perdoryne on his deathbed regard-
ing alienations made by him to the deceased Robert of Narne,
burgess of Stirling, of Chapeltoun, in the barony of Buquhadrok,
and claims made by Thomas of Name, his son, and Margaret

> This protocol written on back of 'Instrument' above. The document is much
tnjored at the edges. A photo-zinco of the ' Instrument ' is given pp. 50, 51.

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56 The Scottish Antiquary ;

Name, mother of the said Thomas, regarding exemption from
multure due to the mill, etc. Page 4.
1470. Oct. II. David Menzeis asks consent of his brother Alexander
Menzies, burgess of Abirdene, being his elder brother, to his
marriage with Katharine Wrycht, one of the daughters and
heirs of the late William Wrycht, burgess of Cupar, and the
said Alexander gives his brother the half of his net upon the
waters of Dee for seven years. Page 6.

„ Oct. 31. Cassation by David Charteris, younger, on behalf of Sir
William Charteris of Cagnor, of sasine given by Malcohn
Forestar of Torwood, as bailie of Sir William, of the lands of
Cagnor, to Thomas Charteris, son and heir-apparent of the
said Sir William. Page 7.

„ Nov. 9. In presence of King James the Third, Alexander Menzies,
burgess of Abyrdene, and Issabella Campbell, resigned in the
kin^s hands their lands of Myddiltoun and Botfodales, in the
Sheriffdom of Abyrdene, and Postartoun and Orchardfelde, in
the shyre of Kynkardyn (which had been formerly resigned in
the king's hands by the said Alexander, and regranted by him
to the said Alexander and Isobella). The king thereafter
regrants the said lands to the said Alexander alone, away from
the said Isobella. Witnesses, Andrew, Lord Avandale,
Chancellor, Colin, Earl of Argyll, etc. Page 8.

„ Nov. 12. James Drummond, burgess of Stirling, declares in plain
court that if any process were led on a certain tenement
claimed by him by Robert Mure, chaplain of St. Mary's altar
in the parish church, for non-payment of an annual rent of 6s.
8d. due to the altar from the said tenement, he the said James
would never molest Alexander Kalendar in the peaceable
possession of the said tenement. Mathew Forestar, provost,
Alexander Cossour, and Robert Brady, bailies, Thomas Gulde^
dean of gild, etc., witnesses. Page 9.

1469. Jan. 29. William Murra, spouse of ^^nes Broun, daughter and

heiress of the late Walter Broun, burgess of Stirling, pre-
monished John Moffat, burgess of the said burgh, to remove
from occupation of the said William's lands of Guse Croft and
Clay Croft. Page 9.

1470. Nov. 13. William Striveline, son of Sir William of Striveline of

Rathem, knight, grants to Margaret Forestar of Kyppanros,
all his goods labouring the said lands, viz. : horses, oxen, cows,
and sheep. Page 10.

„ Nov. 10. John Gelis, son of Robert Gelis, burgess of Stirling, gives
sasine of an annual rent of 32s. from the tenement of John
Spaldyne, dean of Brechin, to his son John Gelis, reserving his
frank tenement. Page 10.

„ Nov. 15. William Murra, burgess of Stirling, presents a certain act
obtained by Agnes Broun, his spouse, daughter and heir of the
late Walter Broun, anent an assedation of his lands, which the
notary transumes. Page 1 1.

„ Nov. 26. Mr. Duncan Bully, Canon of the Cathedral Church of
Aberdeen, resigns an annual rent of 30s. from the tenement of
the late John Wilde in the burgh of Stirling, in the hands of

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Alexander Cosour, one of the bailies, who gives sasine of the
same to Sir Robert Symson, chaplain of Trinity altar in the
parish church of Stirling. Page 1 1.

1470. Dec 6. Marion of Erth, one of the daughters and heirs of Sir
William of Erth of that ilk, knight, lets to farm to William of
Provand, and Janet Provand his spouse, her quarter of the
lands of Crannock for 19 years, for 9 merks Scots yearly.
Page 12. '

„ Oct 24. Consent by John Sellar^ subprior, and other canons of
Cambuskenneth, to their lease of the kirks of Donypas and
Leithbert with fruits, etc., to Thomas Symson, constable of
the Castle of Stirling. Page 13.
„ Dec. 18. Alexander Muschet, compears before William of Moray of
Tulchadam and other arbiters, chosen by him and John
Brady and Marion Daroch in all pleas, and specially concerning
the said Marion. The said Alexander said he would abide at
their decreet, but the said John asserted he would not.
Page 14.
„ „ 22. Resignation by Elen Lochaw, relict of the late James of
Menteth, of her new hall with chamber, etc., on the north side
of high street, and sasine of the same to John of Colquhone of
that ilk, knight Witnesses, Mathew Forestar, provost, etc
Page 15.

1470-71. Feb. 4. Mariota Daroch, daughter and heir of the late John
Daroch, son of Henry, burgess of Stirling, acknowledges
herself paid by Alexander Muschet of all sums due to her by
the decease of her father obtained against the said Alexander
in a decreet before the king and council. Page 15.
„ Jan. 9. Sasine of Malcolm Makclevy, burgess of Stirling, in the
lands of Gartensynclare, in the stewartry of Menteith, and
lands of Maye, in the bailliary of Levenax, on a precept from
chancery. Witnesses, Robert Drummond of Ernmore, John
of Galbraith of Gaithell and others. Page 16.
„ „ 17. (No entry). Page 17,

1472. Oct 24. Sasine on precept from chancery of Andrew, Lord Avan-
dale. Chancellor of Scotland, of 2 merklands of the Ofinnnis of
Schirgartan. Malcolm Makclevy of Gartene and the May acts
as procurator for Lord Avandale. Page 17.

1470-71. Jan. 25. W Bully appoints Mr. Duncan Bully his assignees

to the teind sheaves of the parish church of Logy for the
term of his lease. Page 18.
„ Jan. 25. In presence of James, Lord Hamilton, and Mr. David
Guthry of that ilk, commissioners of the king in causes
between Alexander Forbes of Pettisligo, knight, and Hugh
Makfersane of Svanle^ in plain court the said Alexander said
he held the lands of Achintole from George, Lord Forbes, as
his capital Lord. Page 18.
„ (Same day). Hugh Makfersane of Svanley said the lands of
Auchintole were held in capite of the Earl of Mar as superior,
and not of the Lord of Forbes, whereupon the latter protested
that it would generate prejudice to him, and craved instru-
ments. Page 19.

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1470-71. Jan. 23. Sasioe of the west tenement of David Brady given to
John SuUar in presence of Mathew Forestar, provost, and
other. Page 19.

„ Jan. 8. Thomas Bully, canon of the Cathedral Church of Gla^ow,
for good deeds done to him by Henry, abbot of Dunfermline,
gifts all his goods to Duncan Bully, canon of Aberdeen, for
receiving and lodging the said abbot in his lodging on the
north side of the High Street in Strivelin. Page 19.

„ Feb. 4. In presence of King James the Third, die notary and
witnesses, Malcolm of Kynbuck, by his procurators, resigned
his lands of Easter and Wester Glassingal in the king's hands,
in the earldom of Strathem and shire of Perth : whereupon
the king gave sasine of the same to Alexander Broys, son of
Alexander Broys of Stanhouse. Witnesses, William Moreff,
of Kyncardyn, John of Colquhone of that ilk, knight, James
Schaw of Salchy, comptroller to the king, and others. Page
20.

„ Jan. 24. Margaret Fresale, relict of John Willison, burgess of
Striveline, and one of the heirs and daughters of ^e late
Thomas Fresar, burgess of the said burgh, resigns a tenement
Sasine is given to Katrine Willison, their daughter, and James
Cunyngham, her spouse. Page 20.

1470. . Sasine of an annual rent of los. from tenements of

Duncan Thomson to Adam Cosour. Page 21.
1470-71. Feb. 4. Mr. Duncan Bully, canon of Aberdeen, and Andrew
Murray, as executor of goods and testaments of Sir Thomas
Bully, canon of the Cathedral Church of Glasgow, vice-vicar of
Glasjgow, nominated the residue of the fruits of the vicarage
of his successors. Page 21.

„ Feb. 8. Thomas Somer^e of Baltaw, attorney of Colin, Earl of
Ergile, and Elizabeth, his spouse, receive Sasine in their
names of the 20 merkland of the Bordeland of Saulyne which
is given on a letter of attorney from Chancery and a letter of
Sasine or bailliary from John, Earl of Mar and Garviacht,
directed to William Edmonstoun of Duntreath and Walter
Dog, bailie in that part of the Earl.

„ Feb. II. In Burgh Court, protest by John Brady that the revo-
cation by Mariota Daroch, spouse of Robert Greg, of the office
of curator, touching certain sums of money, should not pre-
judice him, etc. Page 22.

„ Feb I. Elen Lyne, relict of the late Gilbert Goldsmyth, gave
her oath before the high altar in the parish church that John
Giles never made obligation to her anent a contract of
marriage. Page 23.

„ Feb. 24. Agnes of Erth, one of the daughters and heirs of
William of Erth, knight, of Plane, receives sasine of the ;^i6
land of the Barony of Plane. Page 23.

„ March 4. David Cosour, procurator of Adam Cosour, his father,
burgess, and Katharine Foderingham, spouse of the said
Adam, receive Sasine of the lands of Hilend, Tuligert, in
the shire of Clakmannan, in precept from John Broys of
Clakmannan. Page 24.

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1470-71. March 22. William, Lord le Graham, confessed he had a
charter to his father Patrick, Lord le Graham, on the 5 merk-
lands of Kyppath in the Earldom of Strathem, which charter
had been stolen or lost, and the abstracters had been excom-
municated in divers churches, the charter had been under
reversion. Lord Graham annuls the charter in favour of
Umfrid Murra, by whose father Andrew Murra the charter
had been given. Page 25.
„ March i. Agnes Erth, one of the daughters and heiresses of
William of Erth of Plane, knight, with consent of John
Livingstoun of Manerstoun, her spouse, appoints James
Schaw of Salchy and others her procurators to resign the
lands of Crannok, etc. Page 25.
147 1. March 25. Mr. Henry Murreff, rector of Kyngerth, asserted that
John of Colquhone of that ilk, knight, firmarius of the said
church, had broken the conditions made to him anent the
lease of the said church. Page 26.

„ April 2. Robert Martyne, spouse of the late Mariota Wrennok,
mother of Agnes Broun, asserted that he had assented to a
sasine of a tenement given by his spouse to John Brady,
younger, and his spouse. Page 26.

„ April 17. William of St. Michael, a familiar servitor of the king,
resigned a letter of reversion on the lands of Mure Croft to
Duncan Sanchar. Page 26.

„ April 17. Duncan of Sanchar of Mure Croft binds himself to
William of St Michael in ;^4o Scots for redemption of the
letter of Reversion on the lands of Mure Croft. Page 27.

„ April 19. Patrick Graham, son and heir of Malise, Earl of Men-
teith, confessed that Lady Janet, Countess of Menteth, his
spouse, and mother of the said Patrick, after the decease of
the said Malise, should have a reasonable terse of the lands
of Kynpount in the shire of Lothian, etc. Page 27.

„ April 22. In head court of the burgh, the provost, baillies, coun-
cillors, and whole community granted to Richard Brady,
clerk, son of John Brady, the first chaplaincy that should
become vacant in the parish church. Page 28.

„ April 30. Resignation of a tenement belonging to Alexander
Forestar, son of Robert Forestar of Torwood, and sasine of
James Hommyll, burgess, and Elizabeth Colly in the same.
Page 29.

„ April 21. John Portarfelde of that ilk is warned to receive
redemption money of certain lands. Page 29.

„ May 2. John Norvaile, with John Heicht, his procurator, presented
a brief of chancery to the provost and baillies, and the said
John protested that the serving of the brief should not fall to
his injury. Page 30.

, May 7. Inquest made at Wolfscraig, at the end of the town, before
William of Moray of Tulchadam, and baron of Buquhadrok,
in his court of the barony, who returned Patrick Crosby as
son of Maurice Crosby, of a croft on the south of the burgh,
etc., and sasine gi^en. Page 30.

„ May 7. After giving a sasine by the said baron, Andew Maurice [sic,

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but query Crosby], on behalf of Mariota, Mariory, Elisabeth^
and Jonet Crosby, daughters of the late Maurice Crosby and
Annabella Mur his spouse, protested that the sasine should
be of no effect. Page 3 1.
147 1. May 20. In serving of a brief purchased by George Norvil on a
tenement, John Horis, son and heir of Donald Horis, pro-
tested that he was under tutory of his grandfather, John
Robertson, and that no brief should be served on any one in
tutory, etc. Page 31.

„ May 31. Payment of ^1^46, 13s. 4d. to John of Portarfelde by
Thomas of Schethum of that ilk for redemption of the lands
of Culdain in Fife. Page 32.

„ May 30. Christian Schankis, spouse of Robert Willison, consents
to the letting in feu farm of a tenement, etc. Page 32.

„ May 31. John Bully to his lands. Page 33.

„ June 8. Resignation by James Douglas of a perch of land and
sasine to James Davson. Page 33.

„ Proceedings by William Provand, having abased the lands of

Crannock from Mariory of Erth, lady of the same, in presence
of David Drummond of Emmore and Alexander Forestar.
Page 34.

„ June 22. Monition made on the Abbot and Convent Page 34.

„ June 22. Monition made on the Bishop of Dunblane by Papal
process not to deliver letters against Sir Thomas Masterton
anent the church of Tulibody, and Mr. Hugh Douglas anent
the church of Abymethy. Page 34.

„ June 25. Monition made anent the town of Tulibody.

„ July 19. Robert Graham, prebendary of Spine, and Canon of the
Cathedral church of Moray, annuls the procuratory made by
him to resign his prebend, he having been seduced thereto by
Gilbert Kennedy, M.A., etc. Page 35.

„ June 22. Mr. Robert Rede (imperfect entry^. Page 36.

„ Aug. 16. Alexander Setoun of Tullibody, m presence of John of
Menteth of the Kerse, in obedience to the king's precepts,
restored to James Crichton of Camis, Knight, and his spouse,
32 oxen and 2 horses, and input him and his spouse into the
said lands, etc Page 36.

„ Aug. 13. In presence of John, Earl of Mar, Alexander Lessly of
Balquhain resigned his lands of Bouchain and others in the
Earl's hands, who gave sasine of the same to the said
Alexander Lessly of Wardens, with certain reservations, etc.
Page 36.

„ Sep. 5. Resignation of a tenement of Alan Mason and sasine of
John Wourthi in the same, and afterwards resignation and
sasine of him and Jonet, his spouse. Page 37.

„ Sep. 8. Appointment between William of Edmonstone of Duntretht
and Archibald Mure, son of Andrew Mure, the former to
labour to recover to the said Andrew the lands of Bardrochat,
in the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright, etc., the said William to have
the third of the land so recovered. Page 38.

II Sep. 19. Resignation by James Douglas of a tenement and booth,
and sasine of the same to him and Mariota Forsytht, his
spouse. Page 39.

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147 1-2. Jan. 24. In the cause between Patrick, Lord le Graham, and Sir
William of Striveline of Rathem, knight, over-executor of the
goods and testament of the late Mr. John Christinson,
Chancellor of Dunblane, and Henry Christinson, to the lands
of Calenterbeg, etc. Page 39.
147 1. Oct 20. Robert Symson is appointed to serve the altar of the Holy
Rood, Richard Brady, son of John Brady, consenting, though
he had been appointed to the first vacancy. Page 40.

„ Oct 23. Sasine of Malcolm Fleming, sheriff of Stirling, son and
heir-apparent of Robert, Lord Fleming, in the land of Drippis.
Page 40.

„ Oct. 30. Sir William Bully, Chaplain of the altar of the Holy Rood,
annulled his procuratory for resigning the same. Page 41.

„ Oct. 30. He appoints other procurators to resign the same. Page 4 1 .

„ Oct 30. Adam Cosour presented Sir John Railston, chaplain, to
serve the altar of St. Anne. Page 41.

„ Nov. 10. Thomas Somervele of Batlaw craved from Mathew
Forestar, burgess of Striveline, the lands of Gothbeg, Law-
quarter, which had been sold under reversion, etc. Page 41.

„ Nov. 10. The said Thomas presented to the said Mathew 80 merks
for redemption of the said lands. Page 41.

„ Nov. 10. Elizabeth Erth, spouse of Thomas Summervele, consented
to the alienation of Erthbeg and Lawquarter to Alexander
Forestar, etc. Page 41.

„ Nov. 2. Resignation of annual rent by Bernard Haldane, and
sasine to James Dawson, both burgesses. Page 42.

„ Nov. 26. Thomas Name assigned 37 merks 3s. 4d. for payment of
the ferms of Buquhadrok to John Drummond. Page 42.

„ Nov. 26. Thomas Name craved instrament on the delivery of the
same, etc. Page 42.

„ Nov. 5. Sir William Charteris of Cangnor, knight, wams Thomas
Charteris, his apparent heir, in name of Euffamia Brwys, his
spouse, and the said Euffamia, to compear in the Court of the
Barony on the 15th of the same month, to surrender the lands
of Cragquarter, Lytil Cangnor, and Bukesyde, according to a
letter of Reversion, and that the said Sir William might sease
them in the ;^2o lands of the lands of Cangnor, etc. Page 43.

„ Nov. 19. Sir William Charteris of Cangnor, knight, in consequence
of the said Euffemia fraudulently abstaining from surrender of
the said lands at the court of the Barony, recognosced the
said lands of Cragquarter, etc., by taking of earth and stone of
the ground thereof into his hands, etc. Page 43.

„ Nov. 29. In presence of the provost and bailies in the tolbooth,
James Daron, burgess of Stirling, having no children of his
body, appointed Robert Daron his heir, etc.. Reserving the
liferent of his goods to himself, and Jonet, his spouse. Page 44.

„ Dec. 15. David Murra, a bailie of the burgh, nominates David
Cosour, burgess of Stirling, tutor testamentar to his goods,
sons, etc., and the said David, and Marion, his spouse, be
executors. Page 44.

„ Dec. 13. Adam Bully, bailie, at the instance of Sir Thomas Colly,
chaplain, heir of the late Robert Colly, burgess of Stirling,

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seased the said Sir Thomas in a tenement on the south side of
the High Street, as heir of his said deceased father, receaved
resignation of the same from the said Sir Thoma^ and gave
sasine of the same to Robert Colly, brother of Sir Thomas,
Reserving the frank testament to Agnes Colly, mother of the
said Robert. Page 44.
147 1-2. Jan. 17. Protest by Marion Daroch, spouse of Robert Greg, that
she had not given consent to the alienation of an annual rent
due to her, made by Henry Greg, father of the said Robert,
or by the said Robert himself, etc. Page 45.

„ Jan. 18. Sir William Bully revokes a procuratory anent the
resignation of his altar in favour of Richard Smethson.
Page 45-

„ Jan. 18. Resignation by John Brady of a tenement in the burgh,
and a croft in the territory of the burgh, and sasine of the
same to Malcolm Makclevy of Garthesainclire, and C. Maye,
and then constable of the King of his castle of Strivelin.
Page 45-

„ Jan. 20. Sir John Yare, chaplain of the altar of St Michael,
craved an instrument that John Levingstoun of Kyppan con-
fessed that St. Michael was his Lord Superior, anent an annual
rent he had from the lands of Bartholomew Skinner. Page 45.

„ Jan. 20. John Galowa, before the provost and bailies, offered to
pay to John Levingstoun, Sir John Simpson, and John Yare,
all annual rents due to them from the tenement of Jonet
Bartholomew, his sister. Page 45.

„ Jan. 22. Duncan Nelson obliges himself not to trouble Margaret
Blak in her person or goods. Page 46.

„ Jan. 17. Sir Richard Brady, chaplain, craved instrument that 25
persons of the community of the burgh said they had delivered
to him the service of the Altar of the Holy Rood ; the rest, to
the number of 30 persons, said that the Resignation therein to
be made by Sir William Bully of the said service in favour of
Richard Smethson, if the said Sir William were dispensed by
the apostolic see at the time of the Receipt of his orders
should be held free, etc. Present, the provost and bailies,
James Schaw of Salchy, Sir John Colquhoun of that ilk,
William Strivelin of Keyr, etc. Page 46.

„ Jan. 30. Andrew Symson delivers to Elizabeth levingstoun, his
spouse, all his goods of conquest ; also resigns in her favour
his tenement in St. Mary's Vennel, of which David Muna,
bailie, gives her sasine. Page 46.

„ Jan. 3. Walter Ayson breaks a sasine of a tenement in St.
Mary's Aisle on the north side of the High Street, taken by
Eliz. Levingstoun, spouse of Andrew Symson. Page 47.

„ Jan. 3. Elizabeth Levingstoun warns the said Walter Ayson to
depart from the said tenement under a penalty of los. a day.
Page 47-

„ Feb. 6. Resignation by Agnes Lang, daughter and heiress of the
late John Lang, burgess of Stirling, of three annual rents out
of tenements in the burgh, and sasine of the same to Henry
Murra in consequence of a contract of marriage between him
and the said Agnes. Page 47.

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1471-2. Feb. 14. Sasine of an annual rent of 24s. from the tenement of
Walter Ayson in the burgh of Stiriing to Walter Symson on
the resignation of Andrew Symson through poverty and
infirmity, etc., James Symson, his eldest son, being ungrateful,
etc. Page 48.

„ Feb. 14. Patrick Elphinstoun cassed the letter of lease made to
him by his father, Henry Elphinstoun, of the lands of Erthbeg.
Page 48.

„ Feb. 19. Marion Daroch, daughter and heir of the late John
Daroch, burgess of the burgh,^ with consent of Robert Greg,
her spouse, resigns an annusd rent of 1 2s. from a tenement in
St. Mary's Vennel, and sasine is given of the same to Richard
Smithsoun, Chaplain of St. Andrew's Altar in the parish
church of the Holy Rood of the burgh, etc.

„ Feb. 25. Andrew Symson asserts that notwithstanding when on
bed of sickness he had made alienation of an annual rent of
24s. from the tenement of Walter Aysoun in St. Mary's Vennel
in favour of Walter Symson, his second son, to the prejudice
of James Symson, his eldest son, for a sum of money paid by
the said Walter, but afterwards carried off by him, he annuls
and revokes the said alienation, etc. Page 49.

„ Feb. 27. Resignation by William Bully, chaplain of the altar of the
the Holy Rood in the parish church of Holy Rood of Stirling,
of his tenement on the south side of the High Street, and
sasine of the same to Malcolm Flemyng, son and apparent
heir of Robert, Lord Flemyng. Page 49.

„ March 2. Friar John Brown, prior of the Friar Preachers of the
burgh of Stirling, confesses that he had in his custody a Letter
of quitclaim made by Andrew Murra to Mr. Duncan Bully,
rector of Kynnell, under the seal of William Murra of
Tulchadam, procured by the said Andrew anent the goods of
Sir Thomas Bully, canon of Glasgow. Page 49.

„ March 6. Thomas Summervele of Batlaw protests anent a letter
of lease made to him by David Graham on lands in the
Barony of Plane pertaining to him by reason of Marion
Nomavele, his spouse, with custody of the tower and mansion
house of Crannock, except the mains of Crannok and the
lands of Tulchie pertaining to Walter Trumbil by reason of
his spouse, which had been destroyed or stolen, that it should
not turn to his prejudice. Page 50.

„ March 2. James Cunyngaham resigns in favour of Alan Burell
and Margaret, his spouse, all right he had to a lease of certain
acres of lands of Southfelde pertaining to the Abbot and
Convent of Dunfermlyn, lying near the burgh of Strivelin.
Page 50.

„ March 14. Jonet Barde, spouse of the deceased Robert Alan,
burgess of Strivelin, for the soul of her spouse and for her own
soul, with consent of Thomas Alansoun, brother of the said
Robert, resigned an annual rent of los. from her tenement in
the Myddilraw in the hands of Adam Bully, one of the Bailies
of the burgh, who on the 16 of the said month gave sasine of
the same to Richard Smethsoun, perpetual chaplain of the

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altar of St. Andrew, etc., for an anniversary of the said Robert
and Jonet, on the obit of the said Robert. Page 50.
147 1-2. March 17. James Symson, as procurator for Andrew Symson, his
father, breaks a sasine taken by Walter Symson, his brother,
of an annual rent from the tenement of Walter Ayson in St
Mary's Vennel. Page 51.

(To be continued^

686. Old Carved Stones. — In the Alloa Antiquarian Museum are
two carved stones of which we give plates. One is probably a fragment

from a chimneypiece or cornice in Alloa Tower, or the mansion-house
connected with it. The mansion was burned down nearly a hundred years
ago, and the ruins used in building walls and cottages. The shield is
charged with the Mar Arms. The other stone is a mere fragment of a
recumbent female figure. From the style of the work I am disposed to
attribute it to the 14th century. It was found, like the other, in an old
wall, pulled down about twenty-five years ago. It is difl5cult to guess how
it found its way to Alloa. It is certainly too old to have been erected in
Alloa Parish Church, which only dates back to 1401, and was not, till after
the Reformation, the burying-place of the Erskine family. It is possible
that some of the old Erskine monuments were brought to Alloa from
Cambuskenneth at the Reformation, and that this was broken up when
the church was altered just before the Revolution. The workmanship is
delicate and artistic, and the effigy when complete must have been ex-
ceedingly beautiful A. W. Cornelius Hallen.

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687* Account of Charles Bailly {continued from page 18). — The
small escutcheons in the upper portion were consecrated to the parents of
Bailly, and his wife, Democretes Sweerts.^

The excellent drawing of the helmets and the heraldic accessories ap-
pearing on this monument gave a particularly artistic appearance, which
makes us regret its loss. It is certain that the date of death of both
husband and wife in the inscription in the church at Sablon was always
blank. That omission, along with the antique style of the armorial
bearings and their accessories, as given in the collection that we have
already referred to, shows that these inscriptions were cut at the banning
of the seventeenth century, probably during the lifetime of Bailly and
his wife. The prominent post assigned to Amould Prevost, probably
Bailly's grandfather, as we shall show further on, corroborate^ this opinion.
Bailly and his wife, wishing to perpetuate the memory of Arnould Prevost,
would erect the Sablon monument at his death, and be desirous of
associating themselves with him. Hence the inscription is unfinished.

Let us now sum up what the principal historical authorities on Mary
Stuart relate concerning Bailly. The position held by him in the life of
.the unfortunate Queen of Scotland was inconsiderable. We know that
that sovereign thought that she did right in leaving her kingdom, then
harassed by civil war, and trusting herself to her neighbour, Queen
Elizabeth of England, in May 1568. Mistaken in her expectation, and
become prisoner, she was compelled to find defenders and protectors.
One of her principal adherents, John Leslie, bishop of Ross, who in 1561
went to France to induce the young queen to take possession of the
Scottish throne, towards 1570, wished to reprint a work written by him
in her defence.^ He put this into the charge of his secretary, Charles
Bailly, who was a native of the Low Countries, and was well versed in
several languages. Bailly went to the Low Countries, got Leslie's ^ book

* Of these eight escutcheons four evidently relate to the ancestry of Charles Bailly,
and the four others to that of his wife. There is no doubt as to the latter, for we can
easily identify the qnarterings ; Sweerts — d'argent ^manch^ de gueules ; Van Appelterre
— d'or ^ la croix de saint Andr^, ^hiquet^e d'argent et de gueules ; Dongodt^-coM^ de
gueules au lion passant d'argent, et d*argent ^ 3 trifles de sinople pos^s 2 et i ; et
BaeckeUers — d'azur \ 3 poires d'or poshes en barre, les tiges en haut. As we shall see
later on, these were the alliances brought in by D^mocrita Sweerts.

As to those of Bailly, we can only identify them by comparing the picture at Sablon,
and the tombstone at Let Hulpe. The first quartering is Bailly, The second, which
ought to be Rolliny bears d'azur, k la fasce de gueules charg^e de 2 chevrons d'argent
accol^ en face et accompagn^e de 3 ^toiles d'or, 2 en chef et une en pointe. The third
is Lavufu This is the armorial bearing of Arnould Prevost, described above. Sauf-
tnUefoiSy le chef d'or it Taigle issante de sable, which do not appear therein. The fourth
bears de gueules ^ 3 tours d'argent d'or, Perizs, The coat of arms of Bailly\ are well
known, as we state below. Those of Prevost and Laviin are the same in the first
quartering as those of Ptevost of Toumaisis, mentioned in Rietstap, 2nd edition, p. 487,
and in Bozi^res, Armorial de Tournai et du Toumaisis^ p. 190.

* A Defense of the Title of the Queen Dowager of France, Queen of Scotland, By
Morgan Philips. A volume printed at Li^ge by Gauthier Morberius in 1571. It seems
that he went to Li^e, outside the Spanish Low Countries, in order to avoid complica-
tions with the Spanish government.— Jachard, Correspondence of Philippe II,, voL ii
p. 189.

* 5*^ X. of Theux, Bibliographie Liigoisey t^ partie, p. 4. This author seems to be
ignorant of the origin of the work in question, the great rarity of which he has noted.

VOL. X. — HO. XXXVIII. E

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66 The Scottish Antiquary ;

printed at Li^ge, and in March or in April 157 1 brought over the complete
edition to England He went by way of Louvain, Brussels, Malines,
Bruges, and in these towns met numerous English and Scottish exiles,
from whom he took orders for the book. At Brussels he had the mis-
fortune to come into contact with an Italian adventurer, the famous banker
Ridolfi, who said he was a messenger from the Pope, and sought to stir up
in favour of Mary Stuart a conspiracy between Spain, as represented by
the Due d'Albe, then Governor of the Low Countries, and certain English
Catholic lords, such as Norfolk and others. Ridol^ intrusted to Bailly
letters intended for several English people, whose concurrence he hoped
to get Watched by spies of the English government, denounced before
leaving the Continent, Bailly was arrested at Dover with his papers, in the
beginning of April 1571, and taken to the Tower of London.^

His arrest led to that of the Bishop of Ross, of Norfolk, and several
others. It is said that the most compromising letters which he carried were
abstracted by a secret friend of those for whom they were destined, and
replaced by others less compromising.

Put to torture, betrayed by a companion in prison, who pretended to
be a political friend, but who reported to the English authorities the con-
fessions or the confidences obtained in prison, Bailly ended by nudung
important declarations as to the intrigues and plots of the adherents of
Mary Stuart. He protested at the same time that he was ignorant of
the contents of the documents that Ridolfi had intrusted to him.^

Other witnesses added to these confessions, and other additional
facts resulted in the death of the Duke of Norfolk, who was beheaded
2nd June 1572. Happily, neither the Bishop of Ross, nor Bailly, whose
weakness perhaps they wished to recompense, or of whose innocence
they were assured, shared the duke's fate. They were satisfied with
keeping them in prison. In the Beauchamp Tower are still several
inscriptions cut in the prison wall by Bailly ; these are written in several
languages, dated and signed by him, and expressing his troubles.^

Finally, in Nov. 1573, the Bishop of Ross was set free on condition of
immediately leaving the British Isles.*

This prelate went to the Continent, where he continued his endeavours
to serve his sovereign ; after some years travelling, he settled in the Low
Countries, and he died at Brussels, 30th May 1596.^

His faithful secretary, Bailly, was doubtless similarly favoured. We
do not know from official sources of his having been set at liberty, but it

' From the loth April 1571 he was put under examination, and he was imprisoned
in the Tower. — Froude, History of England {London, 1866), vol. x. pp. 209 ei seq.

' The documents relating to fiailly s arrest, his letters addressed to Lord Burgbley
and the Bishop of Ross, have been published by W. Murdin : A Collection of State
Papers ... left by IVilliame Cecil, Lord BurghUyy I voL 4to. London, 1759, pp. i fi
seq., and in Calendar of Manuscripts of the Hon, Marquis of Salisbury preserved ai
Hatfield House, i. pp. 494, 497, 524, 526, 534. At page 496 is the text of the order
given by the Privy Council, 26th April 1571, to put the prisoner Charles Bailly to
torture.

' See the inscriptions in English, French, Flemish, Italian, Latin, signed by Bailly,
and given by W. K. Dick in Courte notice sur la Tour Beauchamps, Tour de Londrts^
I vol. i2mo, pp. 21, 22, 36, 37. See Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee, Dictionary of
NcUumal Biography, London 1885, vol. il p. 411 ; notice by M. Henderson.

* Leslie Stephen and Lee, Diet, Nat, Biography, vol. xxxiii. pp. 93 et seq.

■ According to his epitaph, which is in the Abbey of Grimbcrghen, near Brussels.—
L$ Grand Thidtre SacrS de Brabant, vol. i. p. 317.

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appears most probable by the ties between them, and by the fact that
from 1574 we find Bailly again in the Low Countries. One English^
historian, moreover, states that he was set at liberty.

It is these circumstances that give rise to the part played by Bailly in
the history of Mary Stuart. After 1573 his name is still mentioned in
diplomatic correspondence in the reign of Queen Elizabeth as being a
refugee in the Low Countries whom the government watched, yet without
alarm. They record his doings, open his letters, yet without finding either
in one or the other anything to mark him as a conspirator.^

In effect, as we shall see, Bailly had adopted another course of life. He
had formed close ties in the Low Countries, and he could no longer think
of recommencing the adventures of his youth. It has been claimed that
he assisted at the execution of Mary Stuart in 1587.^

Married, father of a family, fulfilling important duties in the Low
Countries, Bailly could not think of risking his head to be a witness of
this sanguinary tragedy. An old servant of the Queen and of the Bishop
of Ross, banished in 1573, still watched by the English authorities, would
not have been tolerated in the Castle of Fotheringay, and could not have
obtained admission there. Moreover, we know that the execution was
seen by only a very limited number of spectators, and that in particular
the servants of the Queen who attended were very few. We know their
names, and no authority has mentioned amongst them that of Bailly.^

We consider, therefore, that his alleged presence at her execution was
a mere fable.*

We ought no longer to confuse Charles Bailly with his namesakes,
more particularly Dr. Bailly, well known among the Scottish refugees in
the Low Countries at the end of the sixteenth century, of whom the
records of the period make frequent mention.®

{To be continued.)

688. Abercromby Family in Stirlingshire. — A family of the name
of Abercromby held a good position in Stirling and the neighbourhood in

* Burton, History of Scotland, vol. ▼. p. 105.

" Calendar of State Papers, Foreign Series (1572-1574), p. 582, No. 1615. Letter of
the agent Wilson, 20th Dec. 1574, addressed from Anvers to Lord Burghley : Scottish
Series, p. 574, advice dated April 1590.

• Seejourdain.

* See the witnesses of the execution of Mary Stuart : Kervyn de Lettenhove, Marie
Stuart, ii. p. 363, 366 ; Teulet, Lettres de Marie Stuart, Paris 1859, pp. 352, 383.

See also the list of the Queen's servants drawn up in 1586, which also contains her
will : Labanoff, Lettres, instruction et mhmnres de Marie Stuart, Paris and London,
1852, vol. vii. p. 250, and vi. p. 484.

See also Notes atid Queries, 12th May 1894, p. 375.

' Independently of the authorities already quoted we can refer to ' Bailly ' : Labanoff,
(already cited), vol. iii. p. 265 ; Jules Gauthier, Histoire de Marie Stuart, vol. iii. p. 46 ;
J. Hosack, Mary, Queen of Scots, vol, ii. p. 55 ; A. Stewart, Life of Mary, Queen of
Scots, pp. 316, 318 ; and Notes and Queries, 2 1st April 1894, p. 309.

On the conspiracy of Ridolfi see Nam^che, Cours d Histoire NcUionale, vol. xv.
p. 169; Kervyn de Lettenhove, Relations politiques des Fays-Bas et de tAngleterre
sous le rigne Philippe IL, vol. vi. pp. iv, 114, 151, 189.

The same, Les Huguenots et Les Gueux, vol. ii. pp. 386 et seq, ; J. J. F. Proost, Les
rifugies anglais et irlandais en Belgique ct la suite de la riforme religieuse Hahlie sous
Elizabeth et Jerques /. ; and Jachard, Correspondance de Philippe II,, vol. ii. pp. 180 ^/ seq,

• See Notes and Queries, 21st April 1894, pp. 309 et seq., article by M. Hume, giving
an account of manuscripts in Hatfield House, and accrediting them to Charles Bailly,
whilst they really relate to Dr. Bailly of Douai.

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the fifteenth century. We have not traced any connection between it and
the Abercrombies of Fifeshire, though it is probable that it belonged to
that stock. In 1456 James Abercromby was a burgess of Stirling. In
1467 Henry Abercromby was Abbot of Cambuskenneth,^ John Aber-
cromby was a burgess of Stirling in 1483, and possibly was brother to Abbot
Henry and to James. James was burgess in 1529, Henry was a burgess
in 1494, and Andrew held the lands of Woodcockdale near Linlitl^w
from the Abbey of Cambuskenneth in 1490. These three were possibly
sons of James, burgess in 1456, and nephews of Abbot Henry Abercromby.

James Abercromby was probably father of Archibald, burgess of Stirling,
to whom his great-grandson Henry Abercromby of Kerse was served heir
in 1 610. The line of Kerse was as follows, Henry, son of Archibald,
burgess of Stirling 1529, father of Henry of Kerse, father of James, died
ante 1591, and of Henry of Kerse, who married, secondly, in 1586,
Margaret Boyd. By a first wife he had issue, James, who sold Kerse;
his son Alexander was, there is reason to believe, the last of the line of the
lairds of Kerse of the name of Abercromby.

James Abercromby had, with Archibald, probably another son, viz. :

I. William, a burgess, who in 1547 had lands in Abbots Throsk and
Abbots Kerse in the barony of Cowie. His son

II. John was of full age in 1547 {Stirling Records).

III. John Abercromby, * Goodman of Throsk/ styled also * Wricht,*
alive 161 7, and was son of John No. II. (Balgownie Charters). He
married Libra Hamilton, and had a sister Libra married to Robert Bruce
of Greenside {Reg, of Friv. Council), This John.had issue —

1. Henry, dead ante 1604 (Balgoivnie Charters),

2. John. {See Mow, No. IV.)

3. Michael. {Stirling Protocols,)

IV. John (son of John Abercromby and Libra Hamilton) * Wright,*
married Agnes Drummond {Stir, Prot,\ and had issue —

1. John. {See below, No. V.)

2. Robert, of full age 1614 {Stir, Frot,),

3. James, 'Wright,' Kersie and St Ninians, married Bessie

Neilson {d, s.p,),

V. John (son of John Abercromby and Agnes Drummond) 'Smith* in
Kerse, married, 1627, at Alloa, Catherine Black. By her he had at least
four sons —

1. John * Wright * owned land in Plean and Kerse in 1661,

married Jean Gillespie. He left issue. His great-
grandsons resided at Plean, Kerse, and Bandeath.

2. James. {See below, No. VI.)

3. Robert in Kerse, married Jane Stobie. His male descendants

lived in Greenyards, St. Ninians, Throsk. His great-
grand-daughter, Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Abercromby,
* Potter,* in Throsk, married Peter Burden of the family
of Fodell, and their descendants are in America.

4. Thomas in Kirktoun of St. Ninians, married Margaret

Scobie, and had issue four sons and two daughters.
VI. James (second son of John Abercromby and Catherine Black), was
a Wright and portioner in St. Ninians. He married, first, Elizabeth Melvin,
by whom he had issue —

* See page 49.

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1. John in Cowie, married, 1701, Janet Gilchrist, and had
• issue, besides daughter —

i. John, born 171 7.

2. Thomas in Tbrosk, married, 1717, Elizabeth Abercromby

of Airth.

3. Alexander in Cowie, married, first, Elizabeth Wright, by

whom he had a son —

i. Alexander, bom 1719.
He married, second, Catherine Galloway, and had issue —

ii. Archibald, bom 1726.
iii. Alexander, bom 1727.

iv. James, born 1738.

4. William. {See below. No. VII.)

James married, secondly, Bessie Wordie of Kerse Mill, and had issue —

5. James, bom 1696, of Greenyards and Throsk, married,

1 7 14, Catherine Abercromby, and had issue —

i. Charles of Bandeath, who married, 1748, Isabel
Gilfillan, and had (a) Charles, bom 175 1, (p)
John, bom 1765, (c) William, born 1770, (d)
James, bom 1772, and probably {e) David.

VII. William (son of James Abercromby and Elizabeth Melvin), styled
in Register * brother of John and Thomas A.' resided at Greenyards. He
married, 1704, Janet Baird, and had issue, with a daughter Margaret, born
1707, and a son William, bom 17 12, who died young, a son —

VIII. William,! born 1717, resided at Greenyards, married Agnes
Spence, and had issue —

1. Agnes, bom 1748.

2. Robert, bom 1754, went to Canada, where his descendants

still live.

3. William. {See below, No. IX.)

4. James.

IX. William (son of William Abercromby and Agnes Spence), bom
1756, married Mary Graham, and had issue —

1. Joyce (a son), bom 1784.

2. Alexander.

3. William. {See behw, No. X.)

X. William (son of William and Mary Graham), bom in Duntocher
1789, married, 18 18, Jean Henderson, and has issue —

1. William. {See below, No. XI.)

2. Robert,

3. James.

4. John.

5. Janet.

6. Mary.

XI. William (son of William Abercromby and Jean Henderson)
married, 1846, Robina Andrews Graham, and has issue —

I. William, bom 1847, married, 1873, Elizabeth Jane Syming-
ton, and has issue —

^ There is a tradition valued by some of his descendants, that this William was a
son (bom 1 723) of Alexander Abercromby of TuUibody, I have found nothing 10 support
or even to render probable such a theory. WiUiam lived amongst a large family of the
same name, and no evidence has been produced to dissociate him from it. Ed.

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L Wniiam Graham, bom 1875.
iL John Balfour S]nnington, born 1879.
iiL Claud, bom 1886.
iv. Elira Violet Balfour, bom 1890.
1. Robert Graham.

3. Alexander.

4. James Henderson.

5. Thomas Graham.

6. John.

7. Peter Henderson.

8. Walter Andrews.

9. Jeanie.

I a Robina.
1 1. Mary Jessie.

A. W. C H.

689. Old Monument at Dollar. — Some years ago I noticed a
portion of a sepulchral slab near a small house by Dollar bum. It was not

t*.-

then obtainable ; for a while it disappeared, but was found reduced in
dimensions serving as a cover for a drain. I then got possession of it, and
it will, I trust, find a long and safe refuge in the Alloa Museum. It must
have come from the old Dollar Churchyard just opposite the house where
it was found, and probably commemorated some member of the family of
the Earls of Argyle. They possessed large estates in and about Dollar as
early as the fifteenth century, and Castle Campbell was their principal
seat in the district, and was occasionally the residence of the Earl of

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Argyle, for on the 21st April 1478, Hugh, Lord Montgomerie, married
£len, daughter of Colin, Earl of Argyle 'passing to the door of the parish
church of Dolor' {Extracts from the Records of Stirling). It is impossible
to surmise to the memory of which member of the Campbell family this
stone was placed — the sword and dagger denote a soldier. For an
account of the way in which the Campbells possessed Dollar, see New
Statistical Account (Clackmannan, p. 105, note). £0.

690. Reminiscences of the '45. — By the kind permission of the
Editor of the Scotsman we are able to give our readers an interesting
paper with the above heading, and also extracts from letters on the same
subject which appeared in response to the writer's suggestion that
incidents of the '45 should be collected : —

On Monday, 19th August 1745, Prince Charles Edward unfurled his
standard at Glenfinnan, near the head of Loch Eil, and on the same day this
year (1895) a party of enthusiastic Highlanders started from Fort-William to
celebrate this memorable incident of a hundred and fifty years ago. The
day was fine, and the excursionists arrived in high spirits at the monument
raised on the spot where the Prince inaugurated his desperate enterprise.
The place is wild and romantic. A tall column, surmounted by a High-
lander in full dress, rises from a moorland plain, circumscribed by wild
and rugged hills, and washed on its western side by the great fresh water
Loch Sheil. It was not difficult for any one with the slightest imagination
to recall the scene of so many years ago. All that reminded one of the
nineteenth century was far away, and the great mountains looked down
calm and tranquil as they looked down on the brave band of men that
had there pledged their lives on that day to him whom they deemed
their lawful King. The little celebration was carried out with much en-
thusiasm. Pipers played the 'March of the Cameron Men' round the
monument Jacobite songs were sung. The memory of the brave dead
was drunk in solemn silence. The health of the Queen was pledged with
demonstrative loyalty, and one well versed in the history of the '45
described the career of the Prince from his landing in Moidart to the
fatal field of Culloden. All this was as it should be, and was exceedingly
interesting and suggestive. The distant past became for the moment the
present, and the scenes of long ago took actual shape and embodiment.
It was with something of a jar to the feelings that one heard on returning
a few miles down the glen the distant whistle of the railway engine at
Banavie and saw the smoke of the passenger steamer on Loch Linnhe.

Notwithstanding, however, such a pleasant celebration as we have
noticed, the visitor to the Highlands must be struck with the almost
absolute way in which remembrance of the '45 has vanished from the
recollection of the people. A hundred and fifty years ago every able-
bodied man in the district of Lochaber, where we write, was out under his
chief; but there are few of their descendants — ^we speak generally, of
course — who can tell any more than that their ancestors fought at that
time, and can give you no information that cannot be found in the
common histories and local guide-books. Incidents of a personal
-character which would be interesting to us to-day have passed into
oblivion. The Highlander speaks still of the * Bliadhua Thearlich '—the
year of Charlie, — but when you seek to get from him some unrecorded
adventure of that wonderful enterprise he is silent He will talk glibly

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enough to you about Dr. M*Gr^or and the crofters, denounce vehemently
the iniquity of the Principal and the Declaratory Act, and even expatiate on
the subject of Professor Drummond finding the origin of man in the lug*
worm ! But if you ask him for any story about his grandfather or great*
grandfather when serving the Prince you will seldom meet with a response.
* Yes,' said a very intelligent boatman to the writer the other day to
whom he put his frequent inquiry, ' My people hes the pipes that was
played at fiannockbum in the time of the martyrs.' In his mind
Bannockbum was confused with CuUoden and the dcM^s of Claverhouse,
and the sufferings of the Covenanters with the sorrows that succeeded the
defeat of Charlie.

Here and there, however, one does meet still with reminiscences of
the '45, and it would be well that these should be collected before they
have altogether been forgotten. A few such have come to us, and they
might be added to by other inquirers. Some years ago we met with a fine
specimen of an old Highlander in the Island of Mull, who said his grand*
father had fought at Culloden. ^ Do you remember,' we asked, 'anything
regarding him?' •Yes,' he said, 'I remember this. When I was a boy
I had a small engraving of Prince Charlie. My grandfather took it from
me and pasted it at the bottom of his bed that it might be the last thing
in the world he would see with his eyes ' — a touching illustration of the
devotion of the Celt to his unfortunate leader. • My grandmother,' said an
intelligent friend with whom we forgathered, * had a farm near Stomoway.
She was a Jacobite, but her husband was a Hanoverian. The Prince
landed at her house. She received him kindly in his distress, and fur-
nished him and his companions with provisions, but could not harbour him
long, as her husband (who was absent in the town) might at any moment
return. The Prince left her house for Benbecula, where the laird received
him kindly. Next morning the minister called and said to the laird, " You
have a man here for whose head a reward of ;^2 5,000 has been promised.
I propose that we should give him up and divide the money." The laird
drew his sword and swore to have his life if he divulged the secret' The
minister was a M'AuIay, and said to have been the ancestor of the
historian. Lord Macaulay. When the writer was a lad, there lived in Loch
Carron a very old woman, remembered still by some. She saw the
Prince when in hiding in Kintail, and described him as ' a beautiful young
man with long fair hair.' A clansman flying from the field of Culloden
stumbled upon a Royal officer lying dead on the field, who wore a pair of
long Hessian boots. Unable even in the hour of defeat to repress his
predatory instinct, he cut off the soldier's legs above the boots and made
his way to Glen Urquhart, where he obtained shelter in a byre. During
the night he managed to extract the dead man's feet from their covering
and decamped in the early morning. The servant-girl going to milk the
cows found the two bare feet, and reported with consternation to her
master that the soldier was gone, * all but his two legs, which he had left
behind him.'

These are some small waifs and strays, slight incidents of a stirring
time, which the writer has picked up in conversation with Highlanders
here and there, and to which, did space permit, he might add considerably.
He will meantime only mention a story of the same kind told him by the
late Dean Stanley. The Dean met a man who had seen the march of the
Highlanders on their way south through Cumberland. 'How do you

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remember it ?' inquired the Dean. 'Well, sir,' was his reply, *I was a
little boy at the time, and they told me as how men without trousers were
a-coming this way, and they would take my trousers from me to put on
themselves, so I took them off and hid them in a hole in the wall of a
field where I was herding kye at the time.' The Dean, with that love
which distinguished him for historic incidents, was very wishful that those
of the 'Forty-five should be collected systematically. If such a collection
could be now made — and it will soon be too late — ^it would invest such
celebrations as that which took place lately at Kilfinnan with a new and
living interest.

'Madam Roland' writes: — May I offer a few notes gathered from
the talk of a late Roxburghshire gentleman, who, unfortunately, left no
written record of his stores of local antiquarian and traditional lore ? He
had heard much from his grandfather, who, as a boy of twelve in 1745,
perfectly remembered the family valuables being hastily packed in an
oaken chest (still extant) and deposited in a neighbouring bog for security.
On the Southern Border the rumour of the approach of the * wild High-
landers ' was received with dismay, they being popularly believed to be
veritable savages. A woman who was alone on an eminence winnowing
corn saw some Highland horsemen approaching, and too terror-stricken
to attempt useless flight, she timidly made offer of some com for their
horses, which they accepted, and then passed on peacefully. An inroad
was made on a grocer's shop in Kelso, where a packet of tea, then a rare
article, was discovered. Supposing it to be tobacco, one of the party
essayed a mouthful, but speedily rejected it with a forcible *Ach! she's
fuisted' There seems to have been little military order preserved on the
march ; the men straggled, and where opportunity served picked up any-
thing portable that took their fancy. One man bore strapped on his
back what to him seemed quite a prize — a loo1cing-glass. The com-
missariat, if any, was very inefficient, and the poor men, ill-supplied with
food — in fact, starving — were fain to help themselves as they best might.
In Liddesdale they took a sheep and killed it, and having no. cooking
vessel of their own made use of a pot which they found handy. Though
apparently empty, it had contained a poisonous composition used for
smearing sheep, and the consequences were disastrous: one man died,
and others suffered grievously.

* J. B. M.' : — I hope I may be allowed, as one whose ancestors fought
at Culloden, and who was bom almost within sight of the battlefield, to
give a reminiscence of those days.

My great-grandfather, a fine specimen of an old Highlander, was
present and fought at Culloden. In the flight of the Highlanders after
the battle he was pursued by a party of dragoons to Baloan, near Inver-
ness, where he succeeded by a clever trick in outwitting the English,
Arriving at Baloan farm, he obtained refuge in a bam, where, fortunately,
he found the farmer engaged threshing com. Seizing the flail out of the
farmei^s hand, and stripped to the belt, he began to thresh the com. In
a little time the dragoons were at the door, and demanded if they had
seen a rebel pass that way, or had given him shelter and concealed him
in the straw. The farmer replied in the negative, and assured the
dragoons that no rebel would find refuge on his ground ; and proceeded

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along with my great-grandfather to fork and turn the straw in order to
show that no man was concealed there. The farmer having refreshed the
dragoons, my great-grandfather in due course returned to his home, and
died in peace in his own bed, a devoted and faithful follower to the last of
* Bonnie Prince Charlie.'

And for many years we had in our family a cannon ball which was
discovered in the vicinity of the battlefield by one of my ancestors when
engaged in ploughing his land. The ball was well preserved, and was
about the size of a cricket ball.

' R. S.' : — I add a small contribution received from my grandmother,
who died in 1851, at the age of eighty-nine. I am under the impression
that the incidents must refer to the time immediately after the retreat
from Derby. Her husband's father, afterwards tenant of the farm of
Romanno Mains, Newlands, Peeblesshire, was at the time a farm servant
at Spitalhaugh, when two mounted rebel officers arrived and requested a
guide through the moors westward. His master and he agreed to accom-
pany them, riding two of the farm horses. Having seen them on their
way for a few miles, and having reached a solitary place, the officers
expressed themselves satisfied, but demanded, with a show of their pistols,
that the farmer should exchange horses with them, the officers' horses
being exhausted with their long journey. This the farmer agreed to, and
afterwards found that he had not made a bad bargain, the horses turning
out even better than his own after being well fed and rested.

Her own mother was a farm servant at Dunsyre, and she and her
master were engaged building a haystack when a party of retreating
Highlanders reached them. The farmer's wife and family had early in-
formation of the approach of the party, and had fled to a place of safety,
without being able to warn her husband. The young woman became
quite hysterical when the rebels appeared, and running to the top of the
dunghill, clapped her hands, and cried, *The Hielanders are a' here noo.*
One of the officers good-humouredly replied, * Ou ay, my bonnie woman,
the Hielanders are a' here noo.' The rebels behaved very well, but
demanded a supply of food^ and kept her engaged all night baking bread
to them, and this she did with one hand, keeping hold of her master's coat
with the other.

'A. H. ': — At St. John's Episcopal Church, Ballachulish, are the paten
and chalice from which the Highlanders there took the sacrament before
setting out to join Prince Charlie. They had both been rather knocked
about, but the Bishop of Argyll got the chalice put in good order, and it
is still in use, as indeed it has been used ever since the memorable year.
The paten has been replaced by another, but it is still preserved, and
might as readily be used as the chalice.

•J. C. C: — Elizabeth Drew (afterwards Mrs. Campbell), who was
born in 17 191 and died in 182 1 at the ripe age of 102, is perhaps one
of the nearest links between our generation and Prince Charlie. The
Prince and his troops arrived at her father's farm of Bogleshole, near
Campsie, and demanded horses for the campaign. Old Mr. John Drew
had, however, driven all his horses to the hills, and none could be got
The soldiers therefore contented themselves with drawing the necks of
some fowls, and made a wholesale demand for food. In response to this

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request John Drew produced a huge cheese, and Prince Charlie and his
soldiers cut it up with their bayonets, and held lumps of it on their
bayonet points to the great kitchen fire to roast. Elizabeth Drew, the
daughter of the house, remembered vividly all the details of Prince
Charlie's visit. A young girl at the time of the raid, she remembered hdw
the Prince came up to her as she cowered at the kitchen fire in terror at
the inroad, and stroking her fair hair bade her fear nothing. In her old
age she remembered Prince Charlie's face, words, and manner perfectly
well, and Dr. Chalmers, when minister in Glasgow, used often to go out to
the old farm, a few miles out of Glasgow near the Campsie Fells, to have
a talk with the centenarian who had shaken hands with the Pretender.
She was a regular old memorialist, and hoarded up stories of everything
and everybody. She remembered Glasgow when it had sixty streets and
14,000 inhabitants.

In her childhood she was bewitched, as she and all her family believed,
by an old woman, who, as she passed by thQ farm with her pack, looked
at her as she was playing, and thus brought her under the ban of the evil
eye. For many months, it is alleged, she suffered from the evil spell;
but at last the witch was discovered, and forced to undo the harm. After
having seen the witch again, and the witch having reversed her intention,
she recovered every day, and, finally, was completely restored to health.
My grandfather, who remembered Elizabeth Drew well (she was his grand-
mother), had innumerable stories of this remarkable woman, with whom
Chalmers used to have many a much-prized conversation. Her portrait
still exists, and (as is recorded on the canvas) it was painted when she
was 102 years of age. This brings Prince Charlie pretty close to our
age. Interesting reminiscences of Prince Charlie and his army are still
current in the Tranent and Prestonpans direction, and I have in ray
possession several buttons from the Highlanders' coats, dug up from the
field of Prestonpans, and also a very large and handsome shoe-buckle dug
up at Culloden.

* Senex ' : — As reminiscences of the * '45 ' are in vogue just now, allow
me to contribute a few. To the north of Craiglockhart skating-pond
there stood till about thirty years ago a couple of old cottages, which were
then swept away. The coachman of the late Mr. Chalmers of Merchiston
Castle conversed in his boyhood with an old woman resident in one of
these cottages^ who distinctly remembered seeing Prince Charlie and his
Highland army march past her father's door, on their way to Edinburgh.
They had bivouacked the previous night on a bean-field near Slateford ;
and when the farmer asked the Prince for repayment, his crop of beans
having been crushed down, he received an order on the bank which the
Pretender afterwards set up in Inverness. What this order was worth in
a few months every one knows.

A Free Church minister in Teviotdale used, many years ago, to visit,
as his pastor, an old man who gave him this snatch of his experiences.
When young he worked on a farm where more than once he heard from
the lips of his mistress, the farmer's wife, the following juvenile reminis-
cence. Sent one day, in her girlhood, from Ancrum to Jedburgh, she
came upon a great host of men, strangely dressed, who were steadily
marching along. Terrified by their appearance, she did not know which
way to turn, when a ' bonny gentleman,' riding up to her, told her not to

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be alarmed, and kept her beside him till the Highlanders were past The
' bonny gentleman,' need it be said, was Prince Charlie.

The following narrative I heard from the lips of the late Mr. Haldane.
His father, the pastor of the church in St. James' Place, had in his con-
gregation a Highlander a hundred years old ; and among other memories
recalled by the old man to his minister's family circle was this. In 1746
(after Culloden), when acting as a herd-boy in Skye, he saw two ladies
approaching him. One he knew well, because she was Miss Flora
McDonald. The other he did not know. Eagerly asking if any of King
George's soldiers were about, or if any of the King's men-of-war had been
near lately, and being answered in the negative to both questions, they
then asked for water. When he led them to a well, the strange lady,
taking a gold cup from her belt, filled it, and offered the draught to Miss
Flora. She, however, would not drink first. Then, after the stranger had
given the boy a shilling, they went away. Who the * strange lady ' was
all Scotsmen know, and many others besides.

* James Wood ' ; — I have read with pleasure the interesting incidents
contributed by your various correspondents regarding 'Bonnie Prince
Charlie,' with his ' Lads of the heather, trooping together, to bear him in
triumph along.'

The Prince in his march southwards from Edinburgh had his followers
divided into two portions, the one, accompanied by himself, going round
the east coast to Berwick, the other portion coming south through
Mid-Lothian, following the road taken shortly before by Sir John Cope,
by way of Channelkirk. This portion of the army on their march came
to Langshaw, and here a number of the Highlanders went into one of the
cottages where the goodwife was baking, and had a girdleful of bannocks
on the fire. One of the soldiers drew his sword, and laid the glittering
blade across the cradle where the infant slept all unconscious of its
surroundings. The mother, in terror and alarm, screamed aloud, ' O my
bairn ! ' ' Nae skaith,' said the kilted warrior, * will befa' your bairn ' ; and
warming their brawny legs at her peat fire till the bannocks were ready,
they cleared the girdle. They then pursued their march eastward, and
came upon the late George Shillinglaw, tenant of Brighaughmill. Shilling-
law was engaged making the first road on Leader Water leading to Edin-
burgh over Soutra Hill, and had a contract for that part of it from Blainslie
to Leaderfoot Mill, where a boat was put on the Tweed, called The Fly^
which served all the purposes of transit for well-nigh a century, when the
river was spanned by a bridge, which appropriated the name of the boat
it supplanted, and is known yet as * The Fly ' Bridge.

George Shillinglaw had forty horses engaged on the making of this road
when the Highlanders came upon him, and at once, in name of the Prince,
took possession of them, and marched them off to Berwick.

Shillinglaw, in his efforts to regain his property, followed the soldiers to
Berwick, where he sought and obtained an interview with Prince Charles,
and, stating his case, had all the forty horses restored to him. It is
questionable if any one had more substantial reasons than Shillinglaw for
following so far * The King of the Hielands.'

I have often heard the above incidents related by the late Mr. Shilling-
law, of the Crown Office, Edinburgh, who had them from the mouth of his
father, who, again, was the son of George Shillinglaw, my great-grandfather.

*W. B. ': — Will you allow me a corner before you close the corre-

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spondence, with a small contribution anent the ancient city of Dunblane ?
The Jacobite interest was always at home among the surrounding gentry,
the Stirlings of Keir being strong supporters of the Stuarts. It was the
miller of Keir who said, as a justification of his perjury regarding a gather-
ing at Brig o' Turk in 17 15 which the Laird of Keir attended, that he could
entrust his soul to the mercy of God for forgiveness, but that he could not
entrust Keir's head into the hands of King George. At the battle of
Sheriifmuir, of that year, Macgregor of Balhaidie, who had married a
daughter of Lochiel, whom Lochiel disowned, was so charmed with his
son-in-law's intrepidity that he ceased his alienation. The town house of
Balhaidie, now the property of Mr. P. M*Aull, was for a night the royal
residence of Prince Charlie. On Wednesday the 12th September 1745,
the rebel army halted at Dunblane on their way to Stirling by the fords of
Frew, over the Forth, and the Prince's headquarters were Balhaidie House.
Mr. John Reid of Andrinley, who died at an advanced age, told the writer
what his grandmother had told him, how she recollected, when a girl of
twelve, getting access to the room in which the Prince sat in Council by
accompanying a servant on some errand. The Prince was seated at a
table covered with papers, and had the Duke of Perth on the one side and
the Marquis of Tullibardine on the other, and * the Prince was the bonniest
man o' a' the three.' The bedroom is still shown in which he slept. The
approach to Dunblane was by the old Roman causeway road from the
camp at Ardoch ; and then, as now, at that season the Strathallan farmers
were cutting their oats, when suddenly over Buck's Hill, behind Kinbuck,
they saw an army on the march, and the harvesters threw down their sickles
and fled. There is a cottage in Rarooyle thatched with straw, the folding
doors of which still bear the impress of the muzzles of the muskets of the
Highlanders. They had doubtless requisitioned something and got a
refusal, so they used their muskets as battering-rams to force supplies, the
dints of which remain. There is another house called AUanbank, at
present occupied by William Neilson, aged ninety-three, in which the Duke
of Cumberland abode for a night on his northward march to Culloden.
One of the rooms has its walls covered with wood panelling, and doubtless
was used by the Duke. Lying on the track from the south into the
Highlands, Dunblane, from the days of Agricola and his Roman legions,
was a quiet halting-place. Her Majesty passed through the old streets in
1842, and from time to time some of her family have visited the cathedral.

David Marshall, F.S.S. (Scot.) : — When I was a boy the centenary
of the battle of Culloden occurred, bringing with it a host of memories from
ancient men who had been in touch with those who were actors during
that eventful period.

In the civil wars, my native country of Kinross enjoyed a comparative
immunity from the presence of armies. In the 'Forty-five, Burleigh
Castle, near Milnathort, and about equally distant between Perth and
Queensferry, was garrisoned for King George, as in the 'Fifteen for his
father. On this last occasion, however, it was equipped with a train of
artillery. I was told how a big Englishman in the garrison, who had
a wholesome dread of the ^ kilt,' was teased by his comrades pointing at
nightfall to a slight eminence near the Castle, rank with vegetation, from
which the enemy, it was supposed, would start up and make the grand
attack upon their small fortress, but the imaginary foe never came.

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But the chief event of the war, locally speaking, was the arrival of
Major Nairn with a detachment of the army of Prince Charles Edward
at Kinross to collect the cess or land-tax, and punish the inhabitants for
the bad faith of a carrier belonging to the town, who was engaged at
Perth to conduct a French engineer to Stirling, where lie was to be em-
ployed in the siege of Stirling Castle, but instead of fulfilling his contract
he took the foreigner down to Queensferry, and delivered him to Captain
Knight, of Dundee, commander of an armed sloop called the Happy
Janety of sixteen guns, in the service of the Government, lying there.

Major Nairn, on entering the town, ranked up his men in the Avenue
Road, leading to the principal gate of iCinross House, and there made a
speech to the inhabitants, in which he swore that if the money he
demanded from them was not paid within forty-eight hours he would
burn the town. The people were in great fear, and my great-grandfather,
David Marshall, cooper, who died in 1801, one of the deacons of the
Trades, dug a great hole in his garden, and put his furniture therein to
preserve it from the flames, but, as will be seen from the sequel, this pre-
caution was unnecessary.

During the parley that ensued, the Major took up his residence in
Kinross House, in the absence of Sir John Bruce Hope, Bart, the
proprietor, who was with his regiment in the King's service, while the
Highlandmen encamped in the great avenue to the house, where they
roasted an ox. James Dunbar, the baron officer, secured the silver plate
by placing it in a press which still exists in the lobby of the house, and
setting an old press in front so as to conceal the door. The country
heritors were commanded to send supplies to the camp, but these either
came tardily or were insufficient, for there were some who helped them-
selves ; and for defending a weak neighbour against the savage attack of
two Highlanders, for which they were reprimanded by their officers, the
laird of Turf hills and his good lady had to seek safety in flight, but on an
alarm being raised by the postman from Edinburgh that a party of dragoons
were crossing at the Queensferry and would soon reach Kinross, the
invaders hastily left the town by the Alloa road.^

Thanks to the laudable efforts of Lord Provost Dewar and the
magistrates of the city of Perth to arrange the mass of documents in
their record room, the public may soon expect to be put in possession
of many new and interesting facts, not only in regard to the risings of the
'Fifteen and 'Forty-five, but also in connection with the civil wars of the
previous century,

[In the preface to The Transcripts of the Register of Baptisms^ MuihiU^
Perthshire^ 1887, which I edited, I have recorded an incident related to
me by the great-grandson of the two persons concerned in it. * William
Crawford, gardener at Macleany, saw that his chief, the gallant Viscount
of Strathallan, was in danger of being taken prisoner [at Sheriffmuir], but
by changing clothes with him he enabled him to escape, while he stayed
to face the risk. Nor was his wife, Mary Bryce, less courageous.. She
volunteered to pass through the English lines with a pitcher of milk as if
going from milking, carrying in it a despatch that could not otherwise
have been sent.] Ed.

* There is a tradition in Alloa that a body of Highlanders encamped in Tullibody
Wood near the town*

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' Heatherbell ' : — I note that for some time back you have been
making public some interesting reminiscences of those critical years in
our country's history, 1745 and 1746. Where could one expect to find
such a wealth of matter connected with those years than about Inverness
and its neighbourhood? A very great deal has already been collected
and preserved in some of the guide-books and other volumes that have
been published giving an account of the battle. During the past fifty
years I have had repeated to me many times particulars of the many
vicissitudes through which those families who were domiciled on Culloden
Moor at the time when the battle took place had to pass.

From the afternoon of that day when the army of Prince Charlie, after
marching out from Inverness, appeared upon the high ground behind
Culloden Castle, no end of serious problems began to fill the minds of
the more aged members of the community. As for the young folk, the
whole show was full of excitement and startling effects to them. As soon
as the army had halted and fixed their encampment, those who were
relieved from duty began to disperse in all directions over the moor, the
larger number of them finding their way to the homes of the people, upon
whom many demands were made which meant starvation and ruin to
themselves. Owing to the proprietor of the moor being a Royalist, they
may have perhaps thought that they could deal as they had a mind to
with his property and his people. ^ they had just come out from Inver-
ness, the pressure was not so severe at first as it became in a few days
after. Their demand was that they should have food from them by day
and shelter from them at night. On the second day after their arrival the
wide moor presented an extraordinary scene — a moving mass of men and
animals as far as the eye could see a-going and a-coming to and fro from
far and near, some returning laden after a successful foraging expedition,
while others were just setting forth upon the same errand; at several
points there were large bodies of them gathered, and, as if in the very
height of a festive season, they had their pipers playing, and scores with
nimble feet dancing as they best could upon the crisp heather. At
another spot quite as large a gathering could be seen engaged in throwing
the stone or hammer and other Highland sports. It was a sight during
these days to see the margin of that meagre water-course which runs
across the moor, either side of it marshalled by groups of strong and able-
bodied men, and of every conceivable appearance in feature and in dress,
attending to their personal cleanliness ; some, with nought but their kilts
on, had their underclothing washed and hung upon some neighbouring
tree branch to dry. These and a hundred other tales could be told about
the ongoings of such a large body of men located upon an exposed and
bare stretch of moor.

Within the doors and around the firesides of the cottages, which were
studded over the moor, there was another drama being acted I will now
give you an account which I had from the direct descendant of a family
who had for many generations their home upon a spot near to where the
battle was fought, and a pretty fair distance from the spot where the army
was encamped, previous to the night when they made that bungling march
to Nairn or its neighbourhood. On the first evening after their arrival
upon their camping-ground, in singles or in pairs men began to put in an
appearance. They had haversacks of a kind with them, but very little in
them, and that little was chiefly made up of a quantity of oatmeal and

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portions of hard baked oatmeal bannocks. Their first demand was that
they might get the liberty of cooking whatever food they had of their own
— a liberty which was readily granted to them. This went on in its own
way for a few days. The numbers of the applicants increased, and they
one and all increased their demands. The grand-aunt of my informant
told him that she, her sister, and her mother were kept at one time forty-
eight hours without a halt turning what meal they got from the applicants,
as well as what they had of their own, into bannocks, which the men
themselves attended to while toasting around the fire. There was one
special circumstance with these people which I may give here. One of
those who found his way to their house was quite a youth, and from his
attractive appearance and other qualities, no doubt, he fascinated the
young women insomuch that they showed to him a little more favour than
they did to the others. They saw but little of him altogether, but the
sequel in their case was that the day after the battle his dead body was
taken out of the same house ; he must have been badly wounded in the
fight, and with what little life was left in him he crept there for shelter,
or it may be that he had an idea that there was in that same house some
one who, Uke a mother or a sister, would soothe his last moments upon
this earth's ever-changing stage. During the day which the army remained
in camp, such was the general appearance of the moor — a confused mass
of human beings going each his own way and each doing his own business.
There were shoutings and greetings and other noises by day and by night,
while within those cots which lay in the neighbourhood of the moor the
same conditions were enacted as we have already indicated. The people
of the district were glad when they heard of their assembling and the
commencement of their night march to meet the Royal army about Nairn.
Little dreamed they on that evening what was to follow upon the morrow.
They bethought themselves how they were to get their houses in order,
also how they were to get their food supplies replenished. A certain
number of men had been left for the pmpose of guarding a portion of the
baggage and a number of invalids who had become unfit for active service.
At daylight on the 1 6 th of April the people were surprised to see mounted
troopers in couples making at a good pace from the east towards the
moor. Whatever their other duties might be, they called upon them to
remove with their families to some place of safety. Some did at once act
upon the advice given to them, while not a few hesitated. They felt it
sore to leave their homes under such circumstances, but before the day
was far spent they became convinced that they must needs accept the
unavoidable.

A near relative of the same family who had been taxed to their utter-
most in the way of baking bannocks for the men, and who had his home
just upon the margin of the spot where the battle took place, sent his wife
and the older children of the family down to the river Nairn and saw
them safe across ; they took as many as they could carry of their home
relics with them. He returned to the house to wait results ; he kept the
babe for himself to carry away when he saw the hour of danger approach.
It came upon him much earlier than he had judged. He had just time
to enter, lift the infant in its blanket from the cradle and carry it in his
arms towards the brow of the hill overlooking the Nairn valley, when he
observed coming forward in a stealthy-like manner a troop of horsemen.
He judged that they were coming in the same direction that he was going.

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and that evidently they would meet him or cross his path. He made all
haste for the river. Two of the troopers came on as if to intercept him
in the — to him — awful circumstances. He had not a moment to judge
what he would da The crisis was upon him. He dropped the infant
quietly among a large clump of whin bushes, darted for the ford, and got
over before they came up to him, moving away as if he was to run up
towards the rising ground on the south side of the river, to the place
where he knew the rest of his household had gone. He lay down for a
short time until the troopers had disappeared, and when he saw the coast
clear he went back for his child, who was quite unharmed, and soon after
rejoined the rest of the family. Not many minutes after they had come
together they heard the first shot fired, another and another at varied
intervals until the onset came, when that Uttle patch of moor so close to
the spot where their home stood seemed to them Hke a fiery furnace, with
dull heavy-like smoke rising from and hovering over it. That afternoon
and night, along with other refugees, they got what sustenance and pro-
tection from the weather their neighbouring cottars could afford. Towards
the evening of the following day when, as they seemed to think, all was
quiet, a few of the more bold of the men folk ventured to go back to their
homes for the purpose of finding out in what condition they might be left
after such a hurricane of fire as had passed over them. They drew near
without judging of the labour that was in store for them. Some were put
to work to dig the trenches into which the bodies of the dead were to be
laid ; others were compelled to gather the bodies from the moor and to
bring them to the spot where the graves were being dug. They (the victors)
made demands upon them that they should provide horses and carts for
the purpose of conveying the flotsam and jetsam of that ever-memorable
field into the town of Inverness. Another story can come in here with
effect. One of the crofters had a young horse which was running loose
upon the moor, and the troops made every effort possible to capture it,
but it beat them. This made them more determined in their endeavours.
They formed into a circle around the animal, which they gradually con-
tracted until they judged that he could not escape from them. Just then
the owner of the animal came upon them, and in his hand a pitchfork.
He went near, and when he saw his opportunity he made a slight dig at
the buttocks of his only steed, causing him to give such a bound that he
cleared the ring, and was once again free. His owner decamped likewise,
but not till he got a shot sent after him which left a life mark upon him.

Upon the afternoon of the battle a body of Highlanders were making
with all speed away from the moor in the direction of Inverness. They
had come to a place where the tenant of a croft was employed putting up
a new homestead. At this spot about a dozen of the Duke's dragoons
overtook them, and demanded that they should in the King's name
surrender. The Highlanders turned upon them, and in the struggle
caused nine of them to bite the dust. It was never mentioned how many
of the Highlanders did the same. This combat took place fully a mile
from the field of battle, and they were all buried where they fell. The
tenant and a descendant of the family, who occupied the croft upon that
eventful day, pointed to the spot within his own courtyard where the
bodies were laid.

• A Septuagenarian ' writes : —

When a child I was trundling a hoop along Princes Street, when at
VOL. X. — MO. xxxvm. p

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that time there were no shops farther west than St Andrew Street, and
the houses were inhabited by the gentry, a tall, dignified old lady came
out of a house and stopped my progress. Laying her hand on my
shoulder, she said, ' Little girl, do you know this is Princes Street, where
no hoops should be trundled ? ' This lady, I was told, was * Mary, Lady
Clerk,' who was born in '45. Prince Charles arrived at her father^s house
just at the time, and, hearing of the state of matters, with his well-known
chivalry, would not permit his followers to enter it, leaving a white cockade
and a command that none of his soldiers were to intrude, and the cockade
was to be shown to them as a guarantee. This cockade was treasured by
the family, and ever afterwards worn by Mary, Lady Clerk, on her birthday.

[For the romantic incident recorded above see a more detailed account
of * Rosemary Dacre * (afterwards Mary, Lady Clerk) in the Transactions
of the Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Archeeological
Society y and the Scottish Antiquary ^ vol. iii. p. no. £d.]

* Robert Somerville ' writes : —

I should like to add one to the many 'Reminiscences of the '45'
which have appeared of late in the Scotsman, The story about to be
related is still current in the village of Coulter, in the Upper Ward of
Lanarkshire, where the incident took place. I had it narrated to me
by an old residenter, eighty years of age. The Highlanders, on their
march to the north, had been ravaging and plundering all before them,
and the news of their approach towards Coulter caused not a little con-
sternation and dismay in the locality. A meeting of the villagers was
hastily summoned to see what was to be done with the cattle, which
would doubtless have shared the fate of others had no precautions been
taken. A certain William Gladstone (said to be related to the great
statesman) stepped forward and volunteered to take them to a place of
safety and to bring them back safe and sound, and, as he said, not a hair
of their tails injured, on condition that they should not ask where he
would go. This they agreed to. Accordingly the cattle were gathered
together, and Willie, with some provisions in his plaid, and his faithful
collie, could be seen wending his way up the side of Coulter Water. That
was the last that was seen of him for a fortnight, when he reappeared with
the cattle safe and sound, and not a hair of their tails injured In the
interval the Highlanders had passed. He had herded the kye all the time
in a hollow on Coulter Fell.

The said William Gladstone died at Coulter Muir in 1776, aged fifty-
two, so that at the time of the '45 he would be about twenty-one.

691. On the Trail of PxLiEOLiTHic Man (see vol. viii. p. 147, and
ix. pp. 131, 167). — To assert that it is possible to prosecute an actual piece
of research in the question of the occurrence of the relics of Palaeolithic
Man in the gravels of Denmark, France, and southern England, in
Scotland^ would of course mean that one's auditors would open eyes of
astonishment, and possibly utter words of contempt But I not only
assert that it is possible, I nail my colours to the mast by declaring that
I have studied certain gravels of Denmark, France, and England, with the
view to evidences of Palaeolithic Man, during the past twelve years here
in Scotland, with the greatest enjoyment, and with very satisfactory
results. True it is that my opportunities have neither been very frequent
nor continuous ; but the possibility of so doing has nevertheless always

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been present, my own environment has alone prevented me availing myself
more frequently of the opportunity.

If the matter of my text so far be an enigma, it need not long remain
so ; for if I mention but the single word * ballast,* the matter is at once
greatly simplified. / have been studying ballast Some considerable
shipping trade is carried on between the various ports on the Firth of
Forth and those of Denmark, northern France, and some in the south of
England. The trade mostly concerned in this matter of ballast, is, I
believe, coal. Ships leave the Forth with that commodity, and return
with some other goods, but generally with some ballast also to make up
proper tonnage. The ballast from these particularised countries, or parts
of such, is most often flint gravel of various degrees of coarseness and
condition ; to be a little more technical, this gravel exhibits different degrees
of fracture or angularity, and differently weathered or water-worn states.

I have made these investigations in ballast brought to Leith and
Granton, to Burntisland, to Bo'ness, and to Alloa ; the most persistent,
and therefore the most successful, having been made at the first and last
of these places. I do not for one moment propose to give here an
account of the result of this piece of extended research ; but I purpose
giving, as more within the scope of a short paper, an account of the last
item of evidence in the twelve years* quest concerning a primitive
humanity. The item is this : —

I have in this the third week of September 1895, V^^^ ^ visit of a day
or two to my old friend the Editor of this magazine. It has been my
privilege to pay him perhaps a dozen * flying * visits during the last five
years, each of which has been characterised by a hunt around Alloa
Docks and about the town for samples of ballast, always with more or
less interesting results. My present visit being more leisurely, since I am
now differently located, has resulted in what I must describe as a most
delightful find, which I will now attempt to describe.

First of all, I found that several loads of a highly rolled, pale yellow
gravel had been strewn in front of the Parsonage — the Editor's home, —
this being so rolled {i.e, water-worn) as to present to the eye but a mass
of bright ' pebbles,* which would not be supposed to be at all likely to
yield any evidence whatsoever. But a careful search revealed some few
stones which still showed that they had at least once upon a time been
faceted and angular; and this is all we need concern ourselves with in
this connection just now, we may return to it again.

Next day I discovered some few tons of a less, but'still highly rolled
gravel, by the Ferry Pier. This it seems came from Sussex (England),
and yielded several very interesting and undoubtedly artificial forms. On
the evening of the same day (Tuesday), I went again to examine this
Sussex gravel, but ere I had set to work — for it is real work, and sometimes
quite laborious — I spied what appeared to be a heap of earth ; but even
earth I often carefully examine. This, however, turned out to be very
angular, fine, i.e. sifted, black flint gravel. I knew by experience that this
was greatly more promising than anything I had lately come upon, and
began the search. The brief time before darkness came on was sufficient
to show what might be found, so my late train went without me, my host
kindly suggesting a fuller search on the morrow.

All the time I was examining this black gravel it was being gradually
carted away ; so much so, that next day little remained for me to examine.

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However, I learned without trouble that it was being removed to certain
lodge gates on the Clackmannan Road, and I accordingly, mostly in driz-
zling rain, spent the day at the two places. The result was so good that
I devoted the evening to drawing a * plate ' of some of the specimens for a
prospective work on this question of Palaeolithic Man. This being done,
the ' Editor ' suggested that I might write a short paper in illustration of the
plate for the magazine. This I consented to do \ and once again train
went without me, that I might examine the gravel at the lodge gates (now
spread out) in the morning before I left. I have this day (Friday) re-
examined the said gravel, with such satisfactory result that I have selected
specimens for another plate, which, with the firet, accompanies this paper.

The specimens illustrated on these two plates (thirty-three in number),
were selected from the angular gravel, and finally from some 250 I had
collected for two particular characteristics, viz. the peculiarity of the
fracture of their surfaces and their forms.

If I were to take any one of these forms singly, I might expect to be
fairly well met by the inquiry as to where the evidence of any design or
intention lay in such single specimen, but I should even in such case
assert the artificiality of its style of fracture, — a very strong point with one
who understands anything about the nature of flint-fracture in Nature's
hands, but when the forms which I have drawn are every one of them
repeated over and over again, so that I have dozens of each well-recognis-
able item, it must with every candid and unprejudiced mind be a turning
of the tables, in so far as one naturally asks, whether any agency in
nature can produce such result. I have asked human intellect for evidence
that nature splits these stones in this way and into these shapes, and none
is given me. I have made long and patient inquiry of Nature herself,
and the reply through all the range of physical law is a clear and firm
negative till reason, that is man, asserts itself and Nature passively submits
to a power greater than she can claim.

If we take these forms in our hands we shall find that they are all con-
structed upon a certain plan or mode. If it be not irreverent, I would
take the great world of the Mammalia as an illustration. In this great
congeries of animals they are all built up upon a clearly defined plan of an
internal skeleton that has always the same great attributes of structure — a
skull, a spinal column, with four depending articulated structures (limbs).
In which respect a horse, and all the mammals, in their endless procession
across the world, are like a man. So, all these stones have been fractured
and shaped with a definite design always in view, but upon which a great
modification of form has been played. This (mathematical) skeleton is a
triangle, sometimes equilateral, sometimes with an acute apex, sometimes
greatly depressed, and therefore with acute lateral angles. Every one of
these illustrated is a modification of a simple triangle. I give a section
of two, (a) and (p) on Plate I. These are taken of course at the positions
indicated, about half-way between their point and their butt end.

It should be understood that the constructional triangle to which I
refer is not that which is also seen to exist in the general outline of the
stones as seen in the * flat,' but on looking directly upon the point end
toward the broad end or butt. For instance, in looking upon the point
of the specimen of which a section is given at (r), the triangle {S) is seen
in the form of the stone ; (d) is the apex, (e) and (/) are the acute lateral
angles. This is the skeleton upon which they are all built, and their forms

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are therefore bound to approximate to each other in many recognisable
features. Some of these features may be glanced at: — they all have
more or less (laterally) cutting edges ; they all have a more or less perfect
mid-rib or strengthening edge ; they all have a point at one end and a
butt or blunt end at the other.

Now let us mark that while the cutting edges and the mid-rib are
bound to be present while the principle of construction is maintained, the
blunt end and the sharp point is a matter of ulterior intention, both
equally so — the triangle could be as perfect without these two modifica-
tions, or there could be the triangle equally with two butt or two acute ends.
But a blunt broad end and a sharp point always go together, nay, the point
end is often attained by additional labour and the broad end is often
bevelled or otherwise modified with as definite intention.

It may still be asserted that these stones have no definite form, ue.
have not been intentionally shaped. Whoso will may so assert ; men were
weak indeed to be convinced against their will, but it is often the destiny
of our children to correct our wills.

There is a native conservativeness in human nature that has often
played queer games with us ; for instance, a hundred years ago, or little
more, the philosophic world, very largely, refused to believe that the fossil
forms of shell and fish were what they seemed \ they said Nature * made
believe ' by playing all sorts of pranks with Mother Earth. We know how
their children have corrected all this 1 /think this question of the relics
of Palaeolithic Man a somewhat parallel case. We will not see a construc-
tive power any more than they would an extended creation, and so we also
make Nature to be as full of freaks and fancies as ever our fathers made
her. History is ever repeating itself. I have no more doubt of the arti-
ficiality of these forms than I have of ray own name. They are spear-
heads and arrow-tips, some so perfect still that if used as a spear-head or
shot from a bow would be as effective as though they were of modern make
and made of iron. I have, I believe, affirmative argument on the head
of form alone sufficient to fill a whole number of the Scottish Antiquary —
this must be my apology for not attempting more here. I have given
samples collected on two different days. They
might have been more picturesque and striking
had I selected them firom the several thousands
I have collected during the past twelve years, but
they would not have been a representative group,
which these honestly are.

I ought to point out that the figures (^) and (h)
on Plate I. are from the rolled yellow gravel
from England, all the rest of both plates are from
the angular black gravel, which, I am informed,
is from Denmark.

The isolated specimen accompanying is inter-
esting as being of a type different from any
of those found. It is much more elaborate in
style of workmanship; it has a good cutting
edge, but no middle ridge. A transverse
section therefore does not give a triangle, but a depressed oval or an
ellipse. The original and complete form was, I believe, leaf-shape. It
was a decidedly clever production, as in its thickest part it does not attain

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88 The Scottish Antiquary ;

to a quarter of an inch. It is not necessarily of a later date than the rest
of the specimens, but it probably is. The deposit, being of river origin,
may be of almost any age in a river's history. If on the lowest level of a
valley-floor, it might be comparatively recent as to the mere place of the
last deposition of the gravel, but whenever deposited and wherever found,
materials of different ages are certain to have been brought together. This
fragment is much more Neolithic in shape and manipulation, while all the
others illustrated are decidedly and characteristically Palaolithk. I never
found so elaborated a spear-head in ancient in situ gravels* The deposit,
I think, must have been recently modified to have contained such a speci-
men, or it found its way in among the more ancient matter from an over- |
lying deposit. Frederick Smith, I

Chaplain of Cromlix, late Rector, S. Luke's, Glasgow. {

692. Old Edinburgh Register {continued from vol. x,p. 38) —

1599.

April II. Johnne heriot, tallo', and Margaret Dalgles.

„ „ Gabriell gymmill, cordiner, and Margaret burrelL

„ 35. William Smyth, pultreman, and Agnes haning.

May 2. William MiJclesonne, pursevant, and bessie robesone.

„ „ Abrahame heriot and Jonat gilmure.

„ „ Thomas robesone, culteller, and Euphame saidler.

„ 9. William Diksonne, fichant, and Bathea ard.

„ „ Johnne Dowglas, tallo', and Jeane forrester,

„ „ David Dewar, tallo', and Katharine borthwick.

„ „ Johnne Johnestoun, baxter, and Jonat kerse.

„ 16. Afd ross, baxter, and marioun brounrig.

„ „ Andrew rayole, baxter, and Christiane dundas.

„ „ Adam baxter, tallo', and Katharine smyth.

„ „ James scheill and Elspaith robesone. '

„ „ Andrew Low, bonnetmaker, and bessie Moir.

» 30- Johnne Andersone, fichant^ and Agnes Johnstoune. j

„ „ Johnne stuart and Margaret pollert |

June 6. Moungo burrell, loremeir, and Margaret Ross. I

„ „ Samuell Eleis, fichant, and Jonat rayold.

„ „ David bume, candilmaker, and Agnes Howden.

„ 13. Peter Duncane, myller, and Jonat grahame.

„ „ Robert gray, bonnet maker, and Elspaith broun.

„ „ Johnne crawfurd, cordiner, and Elspaith Taillo'.

„ „ William Wallac^ taillor, and Agnes logan.

„ „ Johnne foster, mchant, and Margaret lawsonne.

„ „ Johnne stevinsone and Margaret mathew.

„ „ Patrik Andro, webster, and Helene More.

„ 20. Quintene henrysone, baxter, and Agnes calder.

„ „ William symontoun, tallo', and Jonat conynghame.

„ „ James cok, tailor, and Margaret haistie.

„ „ Adame baroun, baxter, and Bessie feild.

„ „ Johnne sleiche and Issobell Dowgall.

„ 27. Mr. William andersone, writter, and Jonat Andersone.

„ „ Henrie Imrie, flescho', and Christiane tait.

„ „ Robert burrell, baxter, and Margaret pender.

July 4. Johnne diksonne, writter, and Jonat harioL ^

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or^ Northern Notes and Queries. 89

July 4. Walter Mawer, fichant, and Lilias mayne.

„ „ Johnne Auchinlek and Issobell tailfeir.

„ „ Alex', home and Nicolas Meldrome.

„ „ Johnne huntter, fichant, and Margaret Johnestoun.

„ II. Thomas noteman and Helene Duncane.

„ „ James man, cordiner, and Christiane M^'grow.

„ „ William Landellie, tallo', and Marjorie Dewer.

„ „ Andrew Howat, pewderer, and Elizabeth Diksonne.

„ 18. Allester Moungumbrie, stabler, and Katharine hutchesonne.

„ „ James Lawsonne, skinner, and Elspaith grahame.

„ „ William borthwick, fichant, and Margaret cranstoun.

„ „ Roger Johnstoun, fichant, and Margaret finlawsonne.

„ „ Patrik Allane, fichant, and Issobell EUet.

„ 35. Johnne aikman, tallo', and Marioun greir.

„ „ Andrew beattie and Margaret blak.

„ „ Robert ker and Issobell pringill.
Aug. I. Thomas weir, skinner, and Jeane cuthbertsonne.

„ „ James king, tallo', and Agnes penstoun.

„ 15. Alex', bla^ marchant, and Helene maistertoun.

„ 32. Robert dannelstoun, goldsmith, and Margaret killoche.

„ 29. Henrie Williamsonne, candilmaker, and Margaret zettie.

„ „ George Kirkwood, messinger, and Issobell scot.
Sept 5. Archibald Hamiltoun, fichant, and Elizabeth Smaill.

„ „ Johnne roseburghe, cuik, and Janat Wylie.

„ I, James Haistie, cordinor, and Elspait monteith.

„ „ James Dyning, sadler, and Grissell Campbell

„ „ Johnne gardiner and Margaret thomesone.

„ 12. James broun, bonnetmaker, and Maigaret crichtoun.

„ „ Alex' speir, fichant, and Elizabeth wilkie.

„ „ John kinnaird, maltman, and christiane Scot

„ 19. Thomas glen and Joane fleming.

„ 26. William zoung, workman, and Marioun barry.

„ „ Johnne Nieme, tallo', and Marioun M^'duUan.
Oct. 3, William Melross, wricht, and Jonet patersonne.

„ „ Johnne Littill, tailzo', and Margaret bruse.

„ „ Robert Johnestone, mchant, and Katharine Munro.

„ 10. Ard Dewar, cultello', and Jonat bell.

„ „ Johnne Davidsonne, flesho^ and Jonat Dobie.

„ „ William reid, fichant, and Jonat Cochrane.

„ „ William wat, tallo', and Jonat falconar.

„ 24. Michaell tait, tallo', and Issobel stevinsonne.

„ „ Gilbert allane, fichant, and Helene zoung.

„ „ David Pursell, fichant, and Jonat Thomesonne.

„ „ Johnne bishop, stabler, and Euphame Watsonne.
Nov. 3. Johnne couthird, tallo^ and Helene Mathesonne.

„ „ Johnne Mertene and Jonat fultoun.

„ „ Johnne M^carter, flesho', and Jonat Egger.

„ 14. Johnne Mowat and Susanna harwart.

„ 20. Edward rammage, masonne, and Katharine braunch.

„ „ James Johnnestoune, tallo^ and Jonat Lithgow.

u )) Peter williamsonne, tallo', and margaret charters.

,» 21. Johnne tianna, tallo'^, and marioun weir.

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Nov. 21. George swane, taUo% and Elspaith cannychaelL

,, „ Andro purve and Helene shewman.

„ 9, Adam Chalmer and Christian broun.

„ 27. Fnmcis tallo', wobster, and Jonat gilgour.

„ „ Robert gillaspie and Marioun Yaws.

„ 28. Henry Wallace, tailor, and Elspaith cruikschank.

„ „ William Hamiltoun, stabler, and Jonat fithie.

„ „ Andro Dick, wobster, and Jonat keir.

Dec 3. (?) Thomas Winnigatis, armorer, and Christiane wOkie.

„ „ Andro tennent and Barbara Hog.

„ „ Archibald Selkirk and Agnes aytoun.

„ 10. Johnne Jamesonne, hatmaker, and Elspaith fram.

„ „ Malcombe kirkpatrick, tallo', and Helene jaksonne.

„ 12. David Home, tallo', and Agnes Watsonne.

„ „ Adam broun, wricht, and Euphame Leirmont

„ 17. Johnne neilsonne, tallo^ and Helen auld.

„ 18. James peirsonne, flescher, and Bessie Diksonne.

„ „ George brodie and Agnes kirkpatrik.

„ „ Robert wihoime, cuik, and Margaret mylne.

693. Account of a Journey into Scotland 1629 (continued from
vol. x./. 34).—

•The bleaching of linen.

' A good spinster will spin 2 banks a day of that which will be 4^. 6^.
the yard, and when the linen is in vame they seeth it half a day and
more in the ashes of any green wood, and after that let it stand in it a
day or more, they wash it by trampling it in hot water and then battling it
in cold, some use raw daike (?) small wourt, and this is before it be in
cloth, and when it is in cloth they take sheep dung and make it small, put
it into hot water and steep the cloth in the same 4 or 5 days, they then
wash it in hot water, battles it [in] cold water and after lies it by the water
side by 8 days together casting water on it and never suflfer it to dry, then
they steep in the sheep dung and all more as before.

'The Scottish dialect.
•Ingle, Fire; Spence, boor in a country house: twill yee, will ye,
t'wadd ye, would yow. Bigge, corne : Bearre, a glutte of water a
draught of &c : excamen, exchange : lumant, chimney : through of paper,
sheet of paper : gigget of mutton and a spald of mutton, but that 's
commonly a shoulder : an oval pannier : a creel, a boat : a stand of beer,
a stand, a barrel set end ways: my dowe, my wife: pantry, buttery:
chop, strike : aught, dighte : what hours, what a clock : wappe, throw :
bume, water : serviter, a table napkin : a kealle pie, a pie with pieces of
cut mutton and pruned : a chair, chare : a brase, chimney beam : chaule,
a candlestick : a coase or leed garan, a kitte : a picle or keoren of wool
is 100 stone of &c. : a gritte is all above a hundred stone. Their 100
stone of wool at Selkirk is 150 stone in England, their 14 is our 21.
Report George Ribcall, burgess: sile (sic) min, bedtester: pendicle or
paine, vallance of a bed : head codes, pillows : a drink of ale or beer, some
ale or beer : penyells or drawers, curtains : close, courte : a manager as
called, a tenies : scriver, a writer : vote, voice, opinion : drite, shite : dung,
shite : a lough, tarn or mere : bllth, glad.

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OTy Northern Notes and Queries. 9 1

' Measures of liquids.

' A bilder, a gill : a mushkin, a pint : a choppin, a quart : a pint, two
quarts or a pottle : a quart, a gallon or 4 quarts, this at Langholm and
Selkirk.

* Measure of corn.

* [At] Langholm their bushel is 6 pecks of Carlisle, the 4th part of
one of their pecks is called a cappe, the price, 3^. ; a bushel of oats, 4^. ;
at Selkirk so called also, and there a beat ... or a is the same with

a cappe or a heappe, the same at Selkirk, but there measure is less and
at Edinburgh their forlet b our 6 pecks or thereabouts, 4 forlets is their
bow, 16 bows is their chaldron, a bow of wheat is 10/. Scotch : bigge,
8/. Scotch : oats 6/. Scotch. A horse will bear a bow 40 miles.

' Avoirdupoise — 16 pounds to the stone, and troy weight 20 pounds to
the stone is all through Scotland, and none other.

'Wixe him of, drink him of: please, sike: no, not: woursill, change :
partrick is the best peasant fuel in the Brittany : creen, rabbit : shanks,
stockings : pantol, pantables : mores, hills : bangister, wrangling : collation,
a drink when one goeth to bed : diswynes, breakfast : smeringe, greasing :
heartsome, delightsome: wilecoate, waistcoat: waterpot pots: chamber-
pots : cracklike, a hand-gun, a phrase applied to those who be bravado
talkative folks ; a health used at Langholm taking one by the hand, the
Lord's blessing light on your hand, yoiurself, and all your body beside : a
sponnge, a brush: locky, an old woman: a wind, a lane, or rather an
alley, as Ram alley at the Inner Temple at London ; a close, the same : a
capp, a dish : a k . . .,^ a clock : skeith, damage : slay and thow the beer,
warm : tue,^ lease.

•Their coins.

' A Scotch penny the 1 2th part of an English penny : a tumamoure
aliter^ a dodwell or a black dog, the 6th part of an English penny : a
placke, the 3rd part of an English penny : an atclinson the 3rd part of
2 pence : the dollar is with them 5^. wanting 2^., it being most of their
money. Their 201. is our 20^., their shilling our d., our cross dagger in
gold is lis. with them, our 225. piece, 22s. $d.

' Necke, band : hands, cuffs : heugh, a little hill : moyne, money : dole
weed, mourning apparel : sibb, akin or allied : clans, kindred : beosse,
a box : shuts, the oval holes in galleries : conjunct fee, jointure : chestons,
chestnuts: a geene tree, black cherry tree: a powle foule, a turkey: a
coler, a pair of snuffers : turnpike, turn stayre : anent, concerning : a fell
spirit, a wise man : crackinge, drinking a while, or talking : ford, wath :
rests, rents : holders, tenants : government, etc.

'On the 15th day of November from Kinross to Millsford, better than
a mile on the right hand, a quarter of a mile thence is my Lord Burley's
house (a very pretty little one). From thence to my lord of Ballmannoe
and Aughchinfleck 6 miles, from thence to Erne brigge, the toll of it
belongeth to Perth, St Johnstowne, St. John being patron of it The
sea floweth up so high, the bridge is four bowes long, the river runneth
into Teath a mile and a half beneath the bridge. Beneath the bridge by
the river side is my Lord of Munchreth, a Muncreeth, a bowdrift lower
eastwards is Sir John Muncreth of East Muncreeth, now deputy sheriff,
whom they call my lord during the time of his office, (and so are the
provost and bailiffs of Perth, being 4, and their Council being 12, if it
1 ? knock^ED. « ? feu.— Ed.

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92 The Scottish Antiquary ;

please your wisdom, King James during his life was provost of it, and
my Lord of Scone his deputy, but since his death they choose one each
year.) Beneath £ast Muncreeth is Kellmoneth, a seat of Sir John
Muncreeth's, beneath it a mile Phingaske, my Lord Phingaske's a baron,
his name is Dundas, it is at the meeting of Teath and Erne, there is
great store of fruit, and good grounds; a mile beneath on the river
Teath is West Weemes castle, my Lord of Weemes, it is fine ground,
and he hath salmon fishing. From Erne brigges to St. Johnstown 2
miles. St. Johnstown is walled and moated on 3 sides, on the 4th the
river Teath, over which there was a bridge of 11 bowes, and 162 1 or
thereabouts was driven down by the water, the water is very rough and
dangerous, boats go on it. Besides the lay government before spoken
of there be deacons 9, as many as craftsmen, videlicet — ^hammermen,
carpenters, scriners, gardiners, websters, wakers, fleshers, backsters,
millers, under which all other trades are contained. Each of the
deacons do receive apprentices, and redress all faults in trades belonging
to them, and are termed lords, they are chosen every year ; every trade
sitteth in the church by themselves. There be 2 churches in the town,
the one called St. John's church having 7 great bells, 4 little, and
chimes, the finest in Scotland, the church is hung with many candle-
sticks. Here I saw a woman sit on the stool of repentance and the
parson admonish her, adulterers here do stand bare foot, some half an
hour at the church door, then at the beginning of the sermon they go
into the church [and] sit on the stool of repentance ; this they do at
St. Johnstown for the space of a year, and they have a white sheet on
during all those ceremonies for the first adulteries Committed. For the
2nd being Wednesday having crossed the Frith with much danger we
went to Edinburgh and the weather keeping, Thursday and Friday we
were taking leave of our friends, Mr. Primate, Advocate Fletcher, and
my cousin Sir Louis Lawder, sheriff of Loudon, who made much of me.
We were offered acquaintance to my Lord Chancellor, my Lord of
Underpeter, and others of the nobles, but we weighed more our own
pains in going down the street than their countenance. On Saturday
to Gallowsheilds, half a mile from Liberton as we went is the oil well,
which is like the fat in the beef pot, it is a present cure for scalded
heads. A mile beyond Borthwick is a town called Middleton. At
Gallowshields we stayed all night and Sunday, and in the morning went
away by 3 of the clock to Mr. Robert Pringle's at Baytingbush, from
thence the next morning to Barronet Graham's at the Folde 2 miles
whence back again we went after supper to Mr. Curwen parson of Arthuret,
thence the next day at noon to Bleckhell where we dined whence home
the next night.'

QUERIES.

CCCIII. Forbes of Thorntoun, — According to the Lyon R^'sters
(1765), Thomas Forbes of Woodston (served heir in 1764 to
Alexr. Littlejohn of Woodston, parish of St. Cyrus, Kincardine-
shire), and David Forbes are designed, respectively, eldest and
second son of Thomas Forbes of Thorntoun (parish of Marykirk,
Kincardineshire), first cadet of Sir John Forbes of Waterton,
Aberdeenshire.

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Was Thomas Forbes of Thorn toun a cadet oi Sir John Forbes
of Waterton ? In the privately printed Memoranda of the Forbeses
of Waterton^ James Forbes of Savock, 'afterwards of Thomtoun/
is stated to have been a younger brother of Sir John Forbes of
Waterton, both having been sons of Thomas Forbes of Water-
ton by his wife Jean Ramsay, sister of Sir Gilbert Ramsay of
Balmain ; and, according to the Service of Heirs j James (not
John as incorrectly stated in the Index) Forbes of Thomtoun
was succeeded in 17 13 by his son Thomas Forbes, who married
(c. 1700) Catharine Ramsay (probably of the family of Balmain).
When and where did Thomas Forbes of Thomtoun, and his
son Thomas Forbes of Woodston die? What profession did
' the latter's brother David Forbes follow, whom did he marry,
and when did he die? 'Spernit Humum.'

CCCIV. Forbes of Foveran, — Can any of your readers inform me
if the baronetcy granted in 1 700 to Samuel Forbes of Foveran
and his heirs-male is extinct or dormant} Sir Alexander
Forbes, the second baronet, was succeeded in 1765 by his
cousin, John Forbes, son of Samuel Forbes of Knapemay.
When and where did Sir John Forbes die, and had he no male
heir? His father had four younger brothers, Thomas, Alex-
ander, David, and John, all born in Edinburgh 1700-1713; did
none of these leave male issue ? ' Spernit Humum.'

Edinburgh.

CCCV. Family of Crichton. — I. The founder of the family of
Crichton was said to be a Hungarian, who came in the train of
Edgar Atheling and his sister Margaret, whom Malcolm in.
afterwards married. Upon what foundation does this rest, and
what was the Hungarian s name ?

II. William, third Lord Crichton, joined the Duke of
Albany in the rebellion against James in. (of Scotland), and was
in consequence attainted for treason by parliament 24th Febraary
1483-4. His descendant, James Crichton of Frendraught (fifth
generation), was by Charles i. created Viscount Frendraught
(1642) and Lord Crichton, in consideration of his father James
Crichton, Laird of Frendraught, being heir-male of Lord
Chancellor Crichton. I should be obliged by the connecting-
hnks being given between William, third Lord Crichton, 1484,
and James, first Viscount Frendraught, 1642.

III. The family of the Earl of Eme, Cmm Castle,
Fermanagh, is descended from a branch of the Crichtons,
Viscounts Frendraught, which title ceased with Lewis, fifth
Viscount, 1690. From which branch of Frendraught does this
family descend?

IV. David Crichton of Cranston, who was * one of the com-
missioners nominate by King James of Scotland in the treaty of
Marriage with his Majesty and Margaret, daughter of the King
of Denmark,' was descended from the family of Frendraught.
What member of the family did he claim as his ancestor, and who
represents at present this family in the direct line ? Neta,

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94 The Scottish Antiquary ;

CCCVI. Sir Lewis Craig.— In the Dictionary of National Biography
the date of his birth is given as 1569. Is there not some mistake
here? Riddell, in his Scotch Peerage Law^ gives 31st October
1573 as the date of the contract of marriage of Sir Thomas Craig
and Helen Hamilton (p. 165). If, as the writer of the article
avers, Sir Lewis was the son of Helen Heriot^ he must have been
born subsequent to i575> in which year Helen Hamilton is
believed to have died. R. B. Langwill.

CURRIB.

REPLIES TO QUERIES.

CCLXIV. — St. Clairs— No. 27. Exchequer Rolls. — I was so struck
with the large order of Mr. Rowland St Clair, and the finish
up 'could any reader favour me with an extract from the
Scottish Exchequer Rolls ^ down to say 1600, of any notices re-
lating to the St. Clairs or Sinclairs,' that I ventured to look into
the matter at the Record office, and to show the amount of
labour that Mr. St. Clair asks ' any of our readers ' to undertake
for him, I give extracts of St. Clair only. I did not attempt to
do Sinclairs. This is from vol. i. of Exchequer Rolls of Scotland^
and as there are fourteen volumes, and most contain reference
to the family, and the transcription of what I have done took me
five hours' close work. I leave it for others to search and tran-
scribe the remaining thirteen volumes. I only give one com-
putum of William de Sancto Claro in full as a specimen. Had
I given the other seven in full it would have enlarged this by
about twelve folios. Henry A. Rye.

Extracts from the Exchequer Rolls of Scotland.

The Family of St. Clair.

(Preface to vol i., 1264-1359.)

P. Ixxvii. — Three pensions to members of the Saint Clair family
appear first in the rolls immediately after King Robert's death.
Sir Henry Saint Clair of Roslin, one of the heads of the national
party, had a charter dated 27th December 1328, a pension of
20 marks granted to himself and his heirs till provided with
lands to that value.^ Sir William of Saint Clair, his eldest son,
was one of the knights chosen to accompany Sir James Douglas
on his expedition to Palestine with the heart of Bruce in charge ;
and it is known to all readers of Scottish history how, in an
encounter with the Saracens on the Plains of Andalusia, Douglas
lost his life in a fruitless efTort to save his friend and comrade.
One of Bruce's latest acts was to settle on Sir William of Saint
Clair a pension of £^Oy in anticipation of the service he was
about to do him.^ He has been generally called Sir William

* Father Hay*s Genealogy of the St. Clmrs of Roslin^ p. 52.

' In Robertson's Index^ amongst the charters of Robert I., occars : Carta Willielmo
de Sancto Claro of ane annual/ p. 25, No. 20, and immediately following it, 'ane
charter given by Thomas Randolph Cowes Moravie dominus vallis Annandia et
Gustos regni Scotie Robert de Peebles Camerario Scotie, etc., de Willielmo de Sancto
Claro of ^40 pension, A.D. 1329.

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or. Northern Notes and Queries, 95

Saint Clair of Roslin, but not quite correctly, for the entries
connected with these pensions show, contrary to the generally
received pedigrees that his father survived him.^ This record
further indicates the existence of John of Saint Clair, another
son of Sir Henry, who formed one of the same expedition, had
a pension of ;^2o, and was slain at the same time with his elder
brother. 2 The pensions of the two brothers on receipt of the
tidings of their death in Scotland were transferred to the youthful
son of Sir William (afterwards Earl of Orkney) as heir to both.^

P. clxvi. — Out of his diminished revenue we find the King
(David) mindful of those who earned his gratitude or that of the
nation, including such as yet survived of those friends and
relatives whom his father had been wont to remember ; but from
the emptiness of the exchequer he had often to satisfy Crown
pensioners with partial payments, sometimes substituting an
assignment to Crown lands for many among ; others, the name
of John Saint Clair also occurs — probably of Herdmanston —
who, in place of a pension of ;;£'2o, has assigned him at the
King's pleasure the thanage of Cowie.^

(1264-66) P. 32. — Hadington Computum W. de Scanto Claro
vicecomitis de Hadington (1288-60). Recepti eiusdem, etc..
Item de Drem de illo anno xx marcas, etc. Item de Garmetun
de illo anno xxj s. iiij d. Item per wardam terre de Durkallan
lijs. vjd., de termino Pentecostes, qui de cetero non debent
poni in terram J. Manch quam dominiss non tennet in manu sua
quousque constiterit ei si Laurencius filius Basilic sit rectus
heres ieusdem terre vel si sit exacta domini regis xxiij 3. iiij d. etc.
Expense, etc., Item per quatuor misericordias remissas Eymero
de Macuswell per literam domini regis preter decimam abbatis
de Sancta Cruce Ixiij 5. x d. Item debet perij. vaccas et mul-
tenes malefactoris venditas preter decimam abbatis de Sancta
Cruce que est ix s. vliij d., iiij ti. vj s. v d.

P. 33. — Computum Willelmi de Sancto Claro vicecomitis de
Lithgow, anno m . cc. lxiiii., eta

Computum ejusdem Willelmi vicecomitis de Edinburgh (1266).

( 1 288-1 290) P. 37. — Computum Willelmi de Sancto Claro
vicecomitis de Edinburgh redditum anno m . cc. lxxxviii. de
receptis et expensis suis factis in ballia Hadington.

P. 36. — Computum ejusdem Willelmi de Sancto Claro Jus-
ticiarii Galwythie (1289).

P. 35. — Computum Willelmi de Sancto Claro vicecomitis de
Dumfreis(i288).

P. 41. — Computum Willelmi de Sancto Claro vicecomitis de
Edinburgh redditum apud Linlithgowxij.MarciiannoMCCLXxxviii.

P. 45. — Computum Willelmi de Sancto Claro vicecomitis de
Linlithgow (1290).

(1329) P. 209. — Compotum domini Roberti de Peblis come-
rarii Scotii redditum apud Sconam vicesimo octauo die . . .
scentesimo vicesimo nono coram venerabili patre domino. Ada
Dei gracia episcopo Brichinensi Cancellario et domino Dauide

> Pp. 209, 286, 338, 399. » Pp. 209, 286, 338.

• P. 399- * P- 510.

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96 The Scottish Antiquary.

de Be . . . te . . . hors specialiter deputatis de receptis sois et
expensis a vicesirao sexto die Junii anni gracia millesimi tres-
centisimi vie, . . . Idem computat in solucione facta Thome
de Carnoto clerico probacionis pro feodo suo de duobus ter-
minis huius compoti xl ti. . . . £t Willelmo Sancto Claro pro
feodo suo de vltimo termino huius compoti xxH. £t Joanni de
Sancto Claro de termino eodem pro feodo suo x ti. . . . Et
domini Henrico de Sancto Claro percipienti annuatim quadra-
ginta marcas per cartam regis de vltimo termino huius compoti
xiij ti. vj 8. viij d.

(1330) P. 286. — Compotum Reginaldi More camerarii Scocie
redditum apud Clacmanane vicesimo die Junii anno gracie mille-
simo ccc™® tricesimo de receptis suis et expensis a nono die
Decembris anno gracie millesimo ccc"^ vicesimo nono vsque in
diem presentis compoti. . . . Idem computat in feodo domini
cancellarii a vicesimo quarto die Julii anni precedentis vsque in
vicesimum quartum Junii proximum post hoc compotum c ti«
per confessionem dicti cancellarii super compotum. . . . £t
Willelmo de Sancto Claro militi percipienti annuatim quadra-
ginta libras sterlingorum ad terminos Sancti Martini et Pente-
costes proporcionaliter quousque dominus rex vel heredes sui
quadraginta marcatas terre eidem Willelmo vel heredibus suis
hereditarie fecerint in loco competenti de duobus terminis huius
compoti xl ti. £t Johanni de Sancto Claro capienti hereditare
in eadem forma viginti libras sterlingorum annuatim de duobus
terminis huius compoti xx ti. £t domino Henrico de Sancto
Claro percipienti annuatim quadraginta marcas per cartam regis
de duobus terminis huius compoti xxvij ti. xiij §. iiij d.

(To be continued,)

CCXCVIII. Haliburton of Denhead. — Margaret Haliburton, wife of
John Lindsay of Wormestone, was the daughter of Geoige,
Bishop of Aberdeen, by Magdalen Lamie, bom 2nd January
1665, married at Newtyle, 22nd June 1686, died 27th November
1 75 1. I cannot at this moment find the proofs; but I have pro-
duced them for proof of the Lindsay pedigree. John Lindsay's
marriage contract is printed in Lindsay Peerage Case Minutes,
p. 261, dated 8th and 22nd June 1686. J. Lammie of Dun-
keanie is a witness.

Mr. John Laffiie, minister of Maritoun, was married to a
Katherene Lindsay, whom I cannot affiliate before 23rd Sep-
tember 1659, when they are both mentioned in a contract of
wadset between them and John Lindsay of £dzell, now in Lord
Crawford's possession. W. A. Lindsay.

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